Initiating Food Diversification Archipelago

Indonesia is truly well-known as an agricultural country. A country that rely on

agricultural products for moving the wheels of economic. However, until now imported food
items are still flooding the Indonesian market. One example, wheat and soybeans.
I started from the soybean. In terms of nutrition, in 100 grams of soy contains protein by
35-45%, 18-32% fat, 12-30% carbohydrates, and 7% water. In Indonesia, the main ingredient of
tempe, one of Indonesian food which familiar and cheaper for the lower middle-income. At least,
can fulfill the nutritional needs of vegetable protein.
At the beginning of 2013, precisely in January, in some cities tempe had disappeared
from the market because the craftsmen of tempe stop the production. This action follows a surge
in soybean prices from Rp 5,500 per kilogram to Rp 8,000 per kilogram. I subsequently knew,
the soybeans which became the main raw material of tempe was the imported soybeans.
So far, to fulfill the needs of soybean, Indonesia were importing soybeans from some
countries, especially the United States. When there is winter in the United States beginning in
2013, will certainly have an impact on soybean production of Uncle Sam, so the impact on
soybean prices in the international world. The effect affects the price of soybean in Indonesia
because Indonesia until recently pretty much soybean imports from the U.S.. In 2012, Indonesia
imported soybeans from the U.S. as much as 1.4 million tons. Soybeans in the country can only
produce 779 800 tonnes. While the needs of the domestic soybean average of 2.2 to 2.4 million
tonnes per year.
This happened many years, the volume and value of imports of soybeans increased each
grew 8.4% and 7.9% / year (1996-2006). Imports easy steps the government has always been to
meet the needs of domestic soybean. It can not be allowed to continue prestige as an agricultural
country must be maintained. In fact, Indonesia has many natural resources and untapped
potential, studied in depth. Do not let the tempeh into food that is difficult to reach the middle
and lower economic circles simply because of the rising price of imported soybeans. Technology
and innovation should contribute to solving the problem is real and these imports. The next
question, if I could make tempe without soybeans?
When discovery more depth, there are several types of nuts other than soybeans that can
be processed into tempe, even has almost the same with soy nutrients, such as cowpea, lentils,
and beans gude. However, this potential is not as untouchable, but from the research, local beans
potentially substituting soybean, cowpea example.
Cowpea widely cultivated in Central Java, East Java, Bali, Lombok, part of Borneo,
Sumatra, Maluku and Papua. Farmers cultivated cowpea is intercropped with other crops such as
pulses. Varieties usually grown locally. Currently cowpea prices at the farm level ranged
Rp3.500-4.000/kg, price decreases during the main harvest. In terms of nutrition, parent Each
100 g cowpea seeds contains 22 grams of protein, 1.4 grams fat, 60.1 grams carbohydrates, 6.8
grams fiber, and 3.5 grams of ash.
The results of the research Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and
Development (BB Postharvest) shows, cowpea can be processed into tempe without having to be
substituted with soy. Cowpea seed coat is harder than the skin peeled soybeans because thicker.
However, it can be solved with the dried peel. Before it is processed into tempe, cowpea dry skin
peeled Parer abrasives used in industries such as soy milk. This method can condense the process
of making soycake/soy tempeh/tempeh/tempe because beans do not need to be soaked for 24
hours and without boiling to peel like soybeans.
 Cowpea contains high carbohydrate, so if boiled quickly become soft, it only takes about
10 minutes. In addition, a dose of yeast 1% of the weight of beans, the fermentation process
takes about 24 hours shorter than soybeans. The nutritional value of cowpea soycake/soy
tempeh/tempeh/tempe is high. Each 100 g soycake/soy tempeh/tempeh/tempe contains 33 grams
of protein, 2 grams of fat, 53 grams carbohydrate, 3 grams fiber. cowpea soycake/soy
tempeh/tempeh/tempe contains p-caumaric acid and ferulic acid which is thought to have strong
antioxidant activity. Ferulic acid in soybean can lower blood pressure and blood glucose content.
Other phenylpropanoid compounds, namely p-caumaric acid can weaken the substance
nitrosamines, one of the causes of cancer that may be present in food.
Besides cowpea, a local bean as a potential substitute soy beans are komak. Komak bean
(Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet), including orders and sub-class leguminoseae dikotiledon. Nuts
komak be from India, Southeast Asia, and Africa. Nuts komak believed to help in the effort to
overcome a lack of protein, because nuts komak has a high nutritional value, such as protein, fat,
other nutrients and amino acid composition is good. Nutritional value of nuts komak ranks third
after peanuts and soybeans. Fat and fiber content of beans among the lowest komak nuts are
widely grown in Indonesia
Making komak tempe including: komak dried beans boiled in a solution of 5% of the
weight of ash beans for 30 minutes, then soaked for 48 hours. After soaking, the mucus is
removed and peeled. Komak peanut without skin then steamed for 15 minutes and drained and
then cooled to room temperature. Nuts komak the cold and then inoculated with yeast tempe
RAPRIMA as much as 0.5% of the weight of beans steamed. Beans that have been inoculated
komak is then wrapped in plastic and a hole with a distance of 2 cm. Komak bean that has been
packaged is then incubated at room temperature (25-300C) for 36 hours to produce tempeh
komak fresh beans.
Furthermore, food that has pretty high volume of import is wheat. Wheat is the only crop
suitable grow in the state that have four seasons, rarely grown in tropical regions such as
Indonesia. The habits of Indonesian people who often eat instant noodles and bread made of
wheat annually Indonesia to import as much as 7.1 tons from the United States. We can not
continue to rely on imported grain. Except, Indonesian scientists can find new ways, using land
which not fertiled for growing grain. Indonesia. We can not possibly use the fertiled rice fields
because it would threaten the rice, the staple food of Indonesia. The concept is the same as
tempe, whether we can make the bread / noodles without wheat? The answer could be yes, by
substituting the wheat with sorghum.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a source of carbohydrate cereals. However, its
use as a food in Indonesia is still very limited, only being interrupted crop. Adequate nutritional
value of sorghum as food, which contains about 83% carbohydrates, 3.50% fat, and 10% protein
(dry basis).
The potential of sorghum as a substitute for wheat is promising. Grain sorghum as food
can be consumed directly by steaming such as rice (rice). The sorghum flour can also be created
for different types of cake (dry and wet), noodles. The advantages of sorghum flour is to have a
higher nutritional value daraipada rice, maize and cassava. Another advantage of sorghum flour
is a very high power blossoms and easily soluble in water. There is a big possibility of sorghum
flour can replace wheat flour that has had to import.
Sorghum has wide adaptability and require the amount of water relatively less in its
growth. Sorghum cultivation does not require high inputs and can be grown on land that can not
be planted suboptimal by other plants, so there will be no competition with the land used of other
food crops.
Meanwhile, the government in the month of February 2013 and already begin to look for
sorghum, in Banyuwangi itself there are at least 3,000 hectares. Each hectare produces 95
thousand trees sorghum, while the sorghum stem will be 1 ounce flour. The varieties used are
local varieties like kawali, Citayam, Numbu B, Numbu M and Pahat. Of the five varieties,
varieties give the best results are Citayam varieties with yield 6.4 tons per hectare, Numbu B as
much as 4.8 tons per hectare, kawali as much as 2.4 tons per hectare, Numbu M as much as 1.3
tons per hectare Lahat and 1.6 tons per hectare.
Currently, the Indonesian people were not accustomed to eat tempe aside from soybean or
making noodle / bread aside from wheat. A vigorous socialization and sustained campaign needs
to be done. Consumers need to be educated to get used to receiving cowpea soycake/soy
tempeh/tempeh/tempe / komak. Manufacturers also need to realize that the substitution of
soybean by cowpea is not a forgery. In this case the role of education is needed.
Diversification measures as necessary to remember we should not continue to rely on
imports. Remember, wheat and soybean import policy shows the government wants something
easy, instead of researching and developing natural resources and potential in Indonesia, the way
out of food import as an excuse to fulfill domestic food needs.
It was a time for concern on technology investment and research. It will take quite a long
time. However, it seems relevant to current conditions. Remember, today's world food crisis,
what happened to the world the next 20-30 years? The increasing number of people, the issue of
hunger and food crisis will be the scourge that must be addressed. Developing countries not only
have food imports from developed countries. Developing countries should be independent, and
sovereign towards food security for its needs.
Diversification measures should be observed, copied and modified by other developing
countries. If Indonesia can replace wheat with sorghum, soybean tempeh/tempe with tempe
cowpea. Do the same with the local wisdom of the country. Diversification of different Asian
style european and african style diversification due to socio-economic and geographic factors are
different. Doing import only necessary policies if really desperate not to make ethical trade
globalization. Indonesia do not want to be just a "market" for other countries, return the image as
an agricultural country!
Everything is hard, but it doesnt mean impossible to realise that.

Fuad Hasan
The University of Jenderal Soedirman
 CURRICULUM VITAE

FUAD HASAN

Personal Detail

Gender : Male
Place/ Date of Birth: Pekalongan/ October 24th, 1991
Age : 21 years
Marital Status : Single
Relegion : Moeslem
Nationality : Indonesian
Weight : 76 kg
Height : 170 cm
Hobby : Reading, travelling, writing and seeing movies
Addres : - Jl.HOS Cokroaminoto Kuripan kidul Gg.20/5B Pekalongan
Selatan Jawa Tengah 51135
- Jl.Gn.Srandil Gg.arjuna no.348 Karangwangkal Purwokerto Utara Jawa
Tengah 53123
Handphone : 085642916161
Email : fuad.mckenzie@gmail.com
Education
A. Formal Education
1996 1997 : TK ABA Gapuro Batang
1997 2003 : SD Muhammadiyah 01 Kuripan kidul.
2003 2006 : SMP Negeri 6 Pekalongan.
2006 2009 : SMA Negeri 1 Pekalongan.
2009 now : Fakultas Pertanian Jurusan Agribisnis UNSOED Purwokerto, Jawa
Tengah.
IPK : 3,03

Organizational Experience
Experience intrakurikuler
No Title Place Status Period

1 OSMB PADI Fak.Pertanian Participant 2009

2 Makrab Install Fak.Pertanian Participant 2009

3 Seminar dan Lomba Jurnalistik Fak,Pertanian Participant 2010

4 Komisi Pemilu Raya Fak.Pertanian Committee 2010

5 Workshop PKM Fak.Pertanian Committee 2010

6 Agriculture English Competition Fak.Pertanian Committee 2010

7 Latihan Ketrampilan Manajemen Fak.pertanian Participant 2010

Mahasiswa Tingkat dasar
8 OSMB PADI Fak.Pertanian Committee 2011

9 Kunjungan Jurnalistik Kampus Fak.Pertanian Committee 2012

goes to Kompas
10 Cerdas Cermat Pembangunan Fak.Pertanian Committee 2012
Pertanian Berkelanjutan
11 Sosialisasi Pancasila UUD 1945, Fak.Pertanian Participant 2012
NKRI dan Bhineka Tunggal Ika
 12 Dies Natalis Himasae Fak.Pertanian Committee 2011

Experience ekstrakurikuler
No Title Place Status Period

1 Diskusi Publik Pemberdayaan Instiper Yogayakarta Participant 2010

Petani Lokal menghadapi pasar
bebas China-ASEAN
2 Seminar Citizen Journalism UII Yogyakarta Participant 2010

3 Seminar Online Media : citizen Semarang Participant 2011

Journalism & entrepreneurship
4 Djarum Beasiswa Plus Semarang Participant 2011

5 Road To Campus Get Out of Purwokerto Participant 2011

the box
6 Seminar entrepreneurship dan Purwokerto Participant 2011
bisnis value added service dunia
telekomunikas
7 Wisata bisnis Malang Participant 2011

8 Character Building Beswan Cikole Participant 2012

Djarum
9 Leadership Development Yogyakarta Participant 2012

Organization
No Title Status Period

1 Lembaga Pers Mahsiswa Staf Divisi Hubungan 2010-2011

AGRICA Masyarakat
2 Lembaga Pers Mahasiswa Redaktur Pelaksana 2011-2012
AGRICA Majalah AGRICA
3 Lembaga Pers Mahasiswa Kepala divi Hubungan 2012-sekarang
AGRICA Masyarakat
4 Himpunan Mahasiswa Sosio Staf bidang ilmiah dan 2010-2011
Agro Ekonomika (Himasae) Pustaka
5 Himpunan Mahasiswa Sosio Staf bidang ilmiah dan 2011-2012
Agro Ekonomika (Himasae) Pustaka
 Language
Indonesian
English
Java

Achievment
Intrakurikuler
No Title Place Period As

1 PKM-K Budidaya Sirih Universitas 2010 participant

Merah

Esktrakurikuler
No Title Place Period As

1 20 finalis Indonesian Young Nasional 2010 Participant

Netizen Day
2 10 Besar Lomba review Nasional 2011 Participant
berita Tempo.co

Skill
Software : Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Power Point, Internet
I declare that the information provided in this curriculum vitae is true.

Purwokerto, March 13th 2013

Fuad Hasan