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PostedIn|WebTesting|LastUpdated:"April17,2017"
Thetitlesaysitall.Todaysarticleisgoingtobeanallround,How
toontestingRetailbankingsystem.Comeonalong.
IntroductiontoRetailBanking:
Itreferstothebankingthat
executesdirecttransactionswith
consumers/customersratherthan
corporations/companiesorother
banks.
Retailbankingisalsoknownas
Consumerbanking.Itprovides
differentbankingserviceslikesavingsaccount,currentaccount,
checktransactions,creditcards,onlinebanking,loansetc.tofulfil
individualcustomerrequirements.
Themainactivityofretailbankingistoacceptdepositsfromone
customerandlendcredittoothercustomersintheformofloans.It
isallaboutmakingdifferentassetproductsandliabilityproducts
availabletocustomers.Thishasgrownwidelyinthelastfewyears.
Recommendedreads=>
HowtoTestBankingApplications
HowtoTestInvestmentBankingApplication
WhatYouWillLearn:[show]
FunctionsinRetailbanking:
FrontEndBanking
BackEndBanking
ChannelBanking
ServicesinFrontEndBanking:
#1)Accountopening:
Accountopeningplaysavitalroleinbanking.Toproceedwithany
servicesinretailbankinganaccountshouldbeopened.
Followingistheprocesstoopenanaccount.
#2)TellerTransactions:
Ingeneralterms,tellermeansCashier.Belowarethetwotypesof
tellertransactions.
CashTransactions:Thistypeoftransactiondoes:
Cashdeposit/withdrawalAccountholderaskingthe
tellertodepositorwithdrawcashfromhis/heraccount.
CurrencynoteexchangeExchangingtheforeign
currencytolocalcurrencyorlocalcurrencytoforeign
currencyasperthecustomersrequest.
NoncashTransactions:Thistypeoftransactiondoes:
StandinginstructionsAcustomerinstructingthebank
topaythesetofanamounttotheothercustomerfora
fixed/indefinitetimeperiodataparticularregularinterval
frequency.
TransfersTransferringtheamountfromoneaccountto
anotheraccount.
#3)Liabilityproducts:
Savingsaccount:Savingsbankaccountisgenerallyopened
bysalariedindividualsorthosewhohaveafixedregular
income.Commercialbanks,cooperativebanksandpostal
departmentsacceptdepositsbywayofanopeningsaving
bankaccount.Belowarethemainfeaturesofsavings
account:
Minimumbalanceshouldbemaintained.
Paysinterestasperthebalance.
Therearerestrictionsontransfersandwithdrawals.
Currentaccount:Incurrentaccount,theamountcanbe
depositedandwithdrawnatanytimewithoutgivingany
notice.Itisalsosuitableformakingpaymentstocreditorsby
usingcheques.Thecurrentaccountcanbeopenedinco
operativeandcommercialbanks.Belowarethemainfeatures
ofcurrentaccount:
Overdraftfacilityisavailable.
Therearenorestrictionsontransfersandwithdrawals.
#4)Remittances:Transferringmoneyfromoneaccounttoanother
accountusingbelowoptions
Electronicform:
Electronicfundtransferisnothingbuttransferring
moneythroughonlinebankingsystemfromoneaccountto
anotheraccountviaNEFT/RTGS.
TelegraphicTransferisdoneabroadwhichmeans
transferringmoneyonlinefromtheaccountofonecountry
totheaccountinanothercountry.Generally,transfer
chargeswillbeapplicabletothesendersaccountby
sendingbank.Therewontbetransferchargesforreceiving
banks.Butinveryrarecasesreceivingbankscouldcharge
someamount.
NonElectronicform:
Demanddraft/check:Theseareoneoftheoldest
negotiableinstrumentsusedinthebankingsystemfor
transferofmoneyinpaperformwithaclearing
mechanism.
#5)Cards:Listedbelowaredifferenttypesofcards.
Debitcards:Debitcardisintegratedwithautomatedteller
machine(ATM)andpointofsale(POS)features.Whenevera
customerusestheaboveoptions,theamountwillbedebited
directlyfromhis/herbankaccount.
Smartcards:Itstorescashinanelectronicformwhichis
embeddedwithanintegratedcircuit.
Creditcards:Itgivesfreedomtopaylaterifanemergency
comesuporifyouneedsomethinganddonthavethemoney
atthatpointoftime,creditcardsareveryuseful.Oncethe
statementisgeneratedminimumamountcanbepaid.
Chargecards:Thisisthesameasacreditcard,exceptthat
thecardpaymentcannotbedeferred.Thisisacardwhich
requiresfullpaymentuponstatementgeneration.
Belowishowtoreadacard.
#6)AssetProducts:Assetproductisnothingbutadebtgivenby
thebanktoacustomer.Here,thebankisalenderandcustomerwill
beaborrower.
Loansareclassifiedasbelow:
Securedloans:Inthistypeofloans,collateralwillbegiven
bytheborrowertothelenderasasecurityatthetimeof
borrowingmoney,whichisinturnusedbythelenderto
recoverloanamountfromtheborrower.Forexample:In
Mortgageloans,housepropertydocumentsareprovidedas
security.InVehicleloans,vehicledocumentsareprovidedas
security,etc.
Unsecuredloans:Inthistypeofloanstherewillnotbeany
collateralasasecuritybytheborrowertothelender.For
exampleEducationalloan,personalloaninwhichborrower
cannotproduceanycollateralasasecuritytothelender.
BackendBanking:
Itmainlydealswithchecksi.e.,checktruncation,clearingand
settlement.
Belowshowshowachecklookslikeanddetailedinformationofa
check.
(Note:Clickonanyimageforenlargedview)
#1)CheckTruncationisthesettlementofclearingtransactionson
thebasisofimagesandelectronicdatawithoutanyphysical
movementoftheinstruments.
#2)Clearing&Settlement:
Inwardclearing:Allchecksdrawnonourbankand
depositedwithotherbanksarereceivedthroughclearing,and
appliedtothedrawersaccountsisinwardclearing.Processof
inwardclearingisallinstrumentsarematchedagainstthe
respectiveaccountbalancesaswellasstatus(stopped,used,
etc)andthenpassedorrejectedbythesystem
Outwardclearing:Checksdepositedanddrawnonanother
bank,whichhavebeensortedandarepresentedtoclearingis
knownasoutwardclearing.Theprocessofoutwardclearingis
agroupofcheckspackaged,senttotheclearinghouseor
federalreserveofficeandacashletterisaccompaniedbya
listcontainingtheamountofeachcheck,thetotalamountof
checksandthenumberofchecks.
#3)Checkclearingprocess:
Checkclearingprocessisshownbelow:
ServicesinChannelBanking:
#1)MobileBanking
Mobilebankingincludesalertsandtransactions.
Ascustomerregistershis/hermobilenumberduringaccount
openinghe/shecanreceivealertstothemobile,like
credit/debitalerts,accountbalancealerts,billpaymentalerts
Thecustomercanalsoperformoperationslikefundstransfer,
billpayment,accountbalanceenquiry,etc.
#2)InternetBanking
Internetbankingisnothingbutonlinebankinginwhich
customerwillbeloggingintothebankingwebsite.
Thisincludestransactionslikefundstransfer,billpayments,
chequebookrequests,enquiries,mutualfund,insurance,etc.
#3)ATMBanking
AutomatedTellerMachinebankinginvolvesanATMmachine
wherecustomercaninsertadebit/creditcardintoitand
withdrawcash
Thisalsoincludestransactionlikeenquiries,cashdepositinto
theaccount,etc.
#4)Pointofsale(POS)
Pointofsaleisusedinstoreswhereacustomerpaysthe
amountthroughdebit/creditcardinsteadofcash.
Aninvoicewillbegeneratedwhichindicatesthatpaymentis
donebythecustomerforthegoodspurchased.
TestScenariosforRetailBanking:
Belowisthesamplescreenshotsrelatedtoretailbanking
application:
#1)Samplescreenshottoopenasavingsbankaccountwithlocal
currency.
#2)Samplescreenshottoopenasavingsbankaccountwithforeign
currency.
#3)Samplescreenshottoopenacurrentaccount.
#4)Samplescreenshottotransferamountfromoneaccountto
anotheraccount.
#5)Samplescreenshotfortellertransactioncashdepositlocal
#6)Samplescreenshotfortellertransactioncashwithdrawallocal
#7)Samplescreenshotforaddingpayeeandtransferringthrough
channelbanking
Positivetestscenariosforbankingapplications:
1)Verifyifthecustomerdetailsareavailableintheapplication
beforecreatinganaccount.
2)VerifyallmandatoryfieldslikecustomerID,currency,product
code,etc.areenteredtoopenanaccount
3)Whenopeningsavingsorcurrentbankingaccountverifythe
productcodeisselectedappropriately.
Forexample,whenyouareopeningacurrentaccountselect
productcodeappropriatetocurrentaccountandwhenyouare
openingasavingbankaccountselectaproductcodeappropriateto
thesavingsaccount.
4)Whenopeninganaccountverifythecurrencyisselected
appropriatelyi.e.,eitherlocalorforeigncurrency.
Forexample,ifyouareopeningalocalsavingsaccountthenselect
currencyasINRandifyouareopeningaforeignsavingsaccount
thenselectaforeigncurrency.
5)Whiletransferringamountfromoneaccounttoanotheraccount
verifyallthemandatoryfieldsareentered,suchasdebitamount,
debitaccountnumber,creditamount,creditaccountnumber,etc.
6)Fortelegraphictransferverifydebitcurrencyandcreditcurrency
isdifferent.
7)Fortellertransactionslikecashdepositorwithdrawalverify
creditamountordebitamountisenteredcorrectly.Also,verifyall
thedenominationsenteredarematchedwithtotaldebitorcredit
amount.
8)Verifycheckdetailsarecapturedintheretailbankingapplication
byenteringchecknumber,amount,customer,etc.
9)Verifyinwardclearingisdonebyprovidingdetailslikedebit
amount,thedebitaccountandcreditaccount.
10)Verifyoutwardclearingisdonebyprovidingdetailslikecredit
amount,creditaccountanddebitaccount.
11)Verifyallthecarddetailslikecardnumber,validthrough,
customer,etc.areencryptedandstoredinthesystemasitisvery
sensitivedata.
12)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providingallthemandatorydetailslikeaccountname,Account
number,etc.,
13)Verifyiftheaccounttransferisdonesuccessfullythrough
channelbankingbyprovidingallthemandatorydetailslike
transactiontype,amountandfromanaccountforanexistingpayee.
14)Verifywhethermessagesarereceivedonceatransactionis
donethroughchannelbanking.
15)Verifycollateraldetailsaregivenwhilecreatingasecuredloan.
16)Verifycollateraldetailsarenotgivenwhilecreatingan
unsecuredloan.
Negativetestscenarios:
1)Verifycreationofanaccountwithinvalidcustomerdetails.
2)Verifycreationofanaccountbynotselectingaproductcodeor
anyofthemandatoryfields.
3)Verifycreatingasavingsbankingaccountbyenteringproduct
codeascurrentaccountandviceversa.
4)Verifycreatingalocalcurrencyaccountbyenteringforeign
currencyamountandviceversa.
5)Verifytelegraphictransferbygivingdebitcurrencyandcredit
currencyassame.Itwillbeanormalaccounttransferandnota
telegraphictransfer.
6)Verifytellertransactioncashwithdrawalbyenteringcredit
amountandviceversa.
7)Verifytellertransactionbyprovidingtheinvaliddenominations.
Forexample,ifcreditordebitamountis150thenprovide
denominationfor100as1anddenominationfor50as2.The
systemshouldnotallowproceedingwiththetransaction.
8)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providinganaccountnamewhichisnotmatchedtotheaccount
number.
Forexample,iftheaccountnameisSitaandaccountnumberis
12345,thenfortestingthisscenarioprovideRamaasaccountname
andaccountnumberas12345.Systemshouldnotallowaddinga
newpayeeasaccountnameandnumberarenotmatching
9)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingby
providinginvalidIFSCcode.
10)Verifyifapayeecanbeaddedthroughchannelbankingbynot
providinganyofthemandatoryfields.
11)Verifyifanaccounttransferthroughchannelbankingisdoneby
notprovidinganyofthemandatoryfields.
12)Verifyifamessageisreceivedwhenawrongmobilenumberis
provided.
13)Providecollateraldetailswhilecreatinganunsecuredloan.
Forexample,whenyourecreatinganeducationalloan,provide
mortgagedetailsascollateral.Thesystemshouldnotacceptto
createaneducationalloanwithmortgagedetails.
14)Whilecreatingasecuredloandonotprovidecollateraldetails.
Forexample,whenyourecreatingamortgageloanorvehicle
loan,donotprovidecollateraldetails.Thesystemshouldnotallow
proceedingfurther.
Related=>WhatisNegativeTestingandHowtoWrite
NegativeTestCases?
Performancetestingscenarios:
1)Verifydifferentuserslogintothesameretailbankingapplication
usingdifferentsystemsatsametime.
2)Verifyusercanabletologintotheretailbankingapplication
withinfewsecondsbyprovidingvaliduseridandpassword.
3)Verifyloggingintotheapplicationwhentheserverisdown.
Alsoread=>IntroductiontoPerformancetesting
Securitytestingscenarios:
1)Tryloggingintotheretailbankingapplicationbyprovidingvalid
userIDandpasswordandverifypasswordfieldisencrypted.
2)Verifyloggingintotheretailbankingapplicationbyproviding
invaliduserIDorpassword.
3)Verifyloggingintotheapplicationbyprovidingoneofthefields
userIDorpasswordasblank.
Alsoread=>AnapproachforSecurityTestingofWeb
Applications
Tipsfortestingretailbankingapplication:
Itisimportanttoknowtheretailbankingterminologiesto
startwithtestingofthistypeofanapplication.
Thetestershouldmainlyconcentrateonthetestdatathatis
beingcreatedorusedwhiletesting.Forexample,thetester
shouldbeabletoprovidepropercustomerdetailsoraccount
details,etcforcreatingasavingsaccount,currentaccountor
aloanaccount.
Also,itisimportantforatestertoknowthefunctionalityof
checkprocessingwhiletestingchecktransactionslikeinward
oroutwardclearing.
Conclusion:
Inthecurrentworld,Retailbankingapplicationsareveryimportant
aseveryindividualisinvolveddirectlyorindirectlywithit.
Withsimplefunctionalityandtestscenariosprovidedabove,atester
canstarttestingretailbankingapplication.
Whatareyourtips/suggestionsfortestingbanking
applications?Wedlovetohearallabouttheminthe
comments!