THE VENOUS SYSTEM

Venous system consists of 3 veins systemic, portal and pulmonary veins.

SYSTEMIC- carry deoxygenated blood into the sinus venosus
PORTAL- carry deoxygenated blood into a filtering organ
PULMONARY- carry oxygenated blood from the lungs directly into the left atrium
TRIBUTARIES- branches of the veins
1. RETURN TO SINUS VENOSUS AND VIEW BLOOD VESSELS ENTERING ANTO-
LATERALLY
*LEFT AND RIGHT PRECAVAL VEINS OR ANTERIOR VENA CAVA
*POSTERIOR END OF SINUS VENOSUS IS THE IS THE POST CAVAL VEIN OR POSTERIOR VENA
CAVA
2. TRACE ONE OF THE PRECAVAL VEINS
*PRECAVA HAS THREE TRIBUTARIES:
EXTERNAL JUGULAR
From what organ is the blood drained?

lingual vein from tongue

maxillary vein from lower jaw

MIDDLE INNOMINATE
What organs or parts of body are drained by each of these veins?

Internal jugular vein from head, brain, and spinal cord

Suprascapular vein from shoulders

POSTERIOR SUBCLAVIAN VEINS
Divides into brachial and musculocutaneous veins before entering the arm
BRACHIAL VEINS- continues onward drains the arm
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS VEINS- exits pleuro-peritoneal cavity and drains the skin and chest muscles; can
easily be seen by pulling the skin away from external oblique: usually attached to the inner portion of skin

3. REMOVE REMNANTS OF PERICARDIAL SAC, & DEFLECT THE HEAR TO ONE SIDE
TO EXPOSE LUNGS. PULMONARY VEINS CAN BE SEEN EXITING THE LUNGS AND
ENTERING THE LEFT ATRIUM
4. POST CAVA SEEN CONTINUING INTO THE LIVER

*HEPATIC VEINS- drains blood from the liver

5. PUSH ASIDE LIVER, STOMACH & INTESTINES TO VIEW CONTINUATION OF POST

CAVA, FROM WHICH RENAL VEINS, GOING INTO THE KIDNEY, WILL ARISE
6. TRACE THE GASTRIC VEIN(DRAINS THE STOMACH), PANCREATIC VEIN(FROM
PANCREAS), SPLEEN VEIN(FROM SPLEEN) AND INTESTINAL VEINS(FROM
INTESTINE)
Hepatic portal vein from liver; joined by ventral abdominal vein; drains abdomen muscle
Renal portal vein from kidneys; drains femoral and sciatic vein

7. FOLLOW RENAL PORTAL VEIN POSTERIORLY, CUTTING AWAY THE MUSCLES TO

EXPOSE THESE TWO VEINS.
8. PELVIC VEIN WILL BE SEEN TO JOIN THE FEMORAL VEIN BEFORE LATTER ENTERS
RENAL PORTAL VEIN.
ARTERIAL SYSTEM

What is the function of the carotid gland? Dark blue siya

Motors blood pressure.
Carefully lift the dorsal aorta and see the small arteries rising from its dorsal wall.

What part of the body is supplied by these arteries? Coeliac

Left and right gastric artery supplies stomach and pancreas
Hepatic artery supplies liver and anterior part of pancreas
Anterior Mesenteric
Supplies lumbar/back region, kidneys, urogenital system
What body part of the viscera does it supply?
Posterior portion of the rectum
Dorsal wall of the uterus (female)
Follow each branch and determine the organs supplied
Epigastric artery SUPPLIES ventral abdominal vein
Recto-vesicular artery SUPPLIES rectum and urinary bladder
Femoral artery SUPPLIES skin and anterior thigh muscles
Sciatic artery extension of iliac artery to the rest of the hindlimb