Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION

1.1 About the organization

Public Work Department (Buildings and Roads) and Project Implementation Unit (PWD
PIU) is the premier agency of Government of Madhya Pradesh engaged in Planning,
Designing, Construction and Maintenance of Government assets like Roads, Bridges,
ROB's, Fly Overs and Buildings.

The main activities of the PWD (B&R) are Construction, Up gradation and
Maintenance of National Highways, Major District Roads, Other District Roads, Village
Roads and Construction of Bridges, Fly Overs and ROB's in the State. The total length
of Road network in PWD is about 61,616.00 kms.

The PWD PIU undertakes Construction of Buildings in the State in Project mode.

Public Works Department is Nodal Agency for e- registration of Contractors of all

Works Department in the State.

Our presence is felt in the field of Agriculture, Commerce, Education, Health Care and
Tourism of the State.

1.2 Company Vision & Mission

VISION
Provide leadership to construction industry by becoming a synonym & trend setter
for quality, speed & economy.

MISSION
To meet the states need for the provision and management of the State Roads
network and building infrastructures to the best standards within the strategic policy

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 frame work set by the Government of Madhya Pradesh and thus promote the
economic well-being and the quality of life of the People.

To introduce innovative Technology in the Construction and Maintenance of road

network.

To provide an adequate and efficient Road system encompassing all transportation

needs so as to ensure smooth and uninterrupted flow of goods and passengers traffic
both within the State as well as on interstate routes.

To provide sustainable development of Road network in the State.

To train team of our Engineers to adopt latest technology.

Improvement of Road geometrics and safety provisions.

To replace existing level crossings by Road over bridges.

1.3 Products & Services provided by the organization

Public Work Department has two wings PWD (Buildings and Roads) & PWD PIU. PWD
(B&R) looks after Construction, Up gradation and Maintenance of roads, bridges and
Construction of the Buildings costing less than 25 Lakhs. PWD PIU is responsible for
Construction of Buildings costing more than Twenty Five Lakhs in the State.

1.4 Polices and Values of the organization

1.4.1 Quality Policy

The Quality Policy, in order to be truly effective has to ensure a progressively improved
and uniform quality of the finished work. Experience gained over years indicate that
"Process Control" is essential in building construction to ensure that the work in
different phases is executed in a manner pre-determined and laid down in specifications.
In order to achieve the above, the pre-requisites cover among other things, an inbuilt
provision in the contract for a system of continuous check on quality by the field staff
and the contractor for ensuring quality of work; availability of adequately manned and
equipped agency for overseeing the quality aspects, and periodical appraisal of quality
and a system of feedback for effecting possible improvements.

Maintenance of quality has to be imbibed in the minds of the contractor as well as the
officials of the department. It is better to have a system in which the quality of work is
achieved during the construction stage itself, rather than indulge in 'firefighting'
activities after the damage has been done by way of post-construction 'quality control'.
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 Quality control does have a place in the system, but this has to be more by way of being
a means of enforcement, to ensure that the quality of work is checked and controlled as
a continuous process during the construction stage itself: The final output will then be
satisfying both to structural as well as aesthetical sensibilities.

1.4.2 HSE Policy

Workers are responsible for: ensuring their own personal health and safety, and that of
others in the workplace complying with any reasonable directions (such as safe work
procedures, wearing personal protective equipment) given by management for health
and safety.

1.4.3 HR Policy

The requirement in terms of personnel for the effective functioning of the department
shall be assessed and reported as per norms for workload assessment to the Madhya
Pradesh Public Service Commission. The Madhya Pradesh Public Service Commission
carries out all recruitment. . The MPPSC has prescribed norms for selection based on
the age, qualification, screening tests and interview.

Each employee in the PWD shall be aware of the obligations and the standards of
behaviour that are expected from him. He shall read, understand and comply with the
provisions of the Madhya Pradesh Service Rules, PWD Manual, PWD account code,
Manual of Office Procedures and other relevant rules and orders issued from time to
time by the competent authority.

An induction programme for orienting the new employees to their new work
environment and role shall be conducted; this includes everything from understanding
technical role required by the employee, to PWD rules and procedures. An employee
handbook shall also be provided for awareness.

1.5 Organization Setup

The Organization Setup of PWD: Engineer-in-Chief is the head of the Department

assisted by Nine Zones each zone is headed by a Chief Engineer. Zones are namely
Capital Zone Bhopal, West Zone Indore, North Zone Gwalior, Central Zone Jabalpur,
Rewa Zone Rewa, Sagar Zone Sagar, Ujjain Zone Ujjain, Bridge Zone Bhopal and
National Highway Zone Bhopal. Zone offices consist of Circles headed by
Superintending Engineer. The Divisions are under the control of circles and headed by
Executive Engineer who is Divisional head. The Divisions assisted by Assistant
Engineers/SDO's who is in-charge of Sub Divisions. Sub Engineers are posted in
various sections under the Sub Divisions and they are assisted by Site Assistant/Time
keepers.

The Organization Setup of PIU: Project Director is the head of PIU, assisted by Chief
Architect and 5 Additional Project Directors (APD PIU) namely APD PIU Bhopal, APD
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 PIU Jabalpur, APD PIU Indore, APD PIU Gwalior and APD PIU Rewa. The APD PIU
is assisted by Joint Project Director (JPD PIU) and Divisional Project Engineers (DPE
PIU). The DPE's are Posted in all the Districts of the State and Project Engineers (PE
PIU) are posted under DPE. Assistant Project Engineers are posted under Project
Engineer.

1.6 SWOT Analysis of the Project

a) STRENGTHS:
i. Secure Funding ( Government financing )
ii. Experienced and trained staffs execute work properly and on time.

b) WEAKNESS:
i. Outsourcing (Dependency on contractor, High Dependency on
Component Suppliers)
ii. Lack of project life cycle assessment.

c) OPPORTUNITIES:
i. Hospital Building consists varies types of building structure which is
beneficial to enhance our knowledge.

d) THREATS:
i. Current project is not on time so in case if it does not complete on time
then future projects may go under different departments.
ii. Currency ban (i.e. 500/- and 1000/- notes)

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Chapter 2 : PROJECT OVERVIEW

NAME OF WORK : Construction of 100 Bedded MCH Building at District Hospital

Ratlam (M.P.)

AGREEMENT NO. : 284-85/S.A.C./Ratlam/15-04-2015

NAME OF CONTRACTOR : K. G. GUPTA INFRASTRUCTURE PRIVATE LIMITED

PLOT SIZE :
Ground Floor 2478.65 Sqm (14 Bed)
First Floor 2311.7 Sqm (55 Bed)
Second Floor 1711.24 Sqm (56 Bed)
Total 6501.59 Sqm Area 125 Bed

ESTIMATED COST : 995.90 Lakhs

TENDERED COST : 1030.59 Lakhs

STIPULATED DATE OF START : 15-04-2015

ACTUAL DATE OF START : 25-05-2015

STIPULATED DATE OF
COMPLETION : 14-04-2017

ACTUAL DATE OF Work is Under Progress

COMPLETION : (70% Work is Completed)

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TIME ALLOWED : 2 years (731 Days)

2.1 About the project

The project is an Institutional Building construction project.

The site is situated in Shastri Nagar which is centre of Ratlam city.
The construction work started on 25th of May and is estimated to be completed by 14 th
of April.
An average of 8 labourers is always present on site. The number sometimes increased or
decreased owing to the quantity of work is to be done that particular day.
The machineries available on site were a manually operated concrete mixer, Bar
bending tools, drilling machines and concrete testing equipment.
M20 grade concrete was used for all concreting purposes
There was enough space available around the plot to stack the materials such as sand,
aggregate, steel etc.
No security concerns in the region

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 Fig 2.1 Board showing description of the project

2.1.1 Site Location

Mother-Child Hospital (MCH) Behind Bal Chikitsalay at Shastri Nagar, Ratlam-457001,

Madhya Pradesh

2.1.2 Advantages of this site

1. Land

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2. Store

3. Health unit

4. Car parking stand

5. Ambulance parking

6. Canteen

7. Connectivity of the yard

8. Ease of transportation Facilities

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Fig 2.1.1(a) Front View Block A

Fig
2.1.1(b) Front View Block B

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2.2 Stake holders involved and Type of contract

Core Stakeholders

I. Health Department
II. PWD PIU

Primary Stake Holders

III. Architect
IV. Contractor
i. Masons
ii. Skilled and Unskilled Labourers
V. Subcontractors
i. Shuttering Contractors
ii. Bar bending Contractors
VI. Consultancy
VII. Carpenter
VIII. Electrical contractor
IX. Plumbing and Sanitation contractor
X. Interior designer
XI. Local Mayor
XII. Local Doctors

Secondary Stake Holders

XIII. Internal Employee

XIV. Residents of town.

The contract that is agreed upon between the PWD PIU and other Contractor is
the Item Rate contract

All the materials and resources required for various purposes are provided by the
Contractor itself.

The masons are paid 500 rupees per day.

The other labourers receive an amount of rupees 300 per day.

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2.3 Brick walls and Column

After adequate curing of plinth beam, the first course of Brick Work is laid.
Before the brick work the columns are raised till the lintel height.
The cement-sand mortar of ratio 1:6 is used for external walls.
The cement-sand mortar of ratio 1:5 is used for internal walls.
The bricks are to be well watered before using them for construction of walls.
Every course of brick wall is to be monitored for levelling during the construction.
The mortar thickness should not exceed a thickness of 10 mm.

Fig 2.3.1 Casting of Brick Wall

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Fig 2.3.2 Column Filling and Column Formwork

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2.4 Formwork
Formwork is a mould or used to support and shape the concrete until it attains
sufficient to carry its own weight. The formwork holds the concrete until it hardens to required
shape and size.

2.4.1 Significance of Formwork

Formwork constitutes 30% of the cost and 60% of the time in concrete construction.
Quality of concrete finish and soundness of concrete depends very much on the forwork
system
Desired shape of concrete is not possible if formwork not done properly.
Formwork should be properly designed, fabricated and erected to receive concrete.
Accidents happen because of the faulty formwork and scaffolding or staging.

2.4.2 Safety in using Formwork

Components are light in weight for manual handling.

Loose or hanging components are minimal.
Appropriate use of tools.
Minimum operations are involved in each reuse.

ig 2.4 Formwork of column

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2.5 RCC Slab

The shuttering work is carried out with wooden and metal forms.
The shuttering work in Ratlam city is carried out by very few groups; hence they
must be well informed at least before a month.
Majority of props are made of bamboo sticks.

Metal planks are used for shuttering of slab.

The steel bars of various dimensions are purchased by the contractor (as Item Rate
Contract), as per the requirement of the plan.
Similar to shuttering labourers, there are only a few groups who carry out Bar
Bending.
The bar benders study the plan provided by the PIU department and carry out the
execution as mentioned in the plan.
Below the reinforcements, bamboo props are placed for shutterings.

Fi
g 2.5.1 Materials being piled up for shuttering
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 Slab reinforcement :

One way slab

Distribution Bars of 8 mm diameter are placed with a spacing of 150 mm.
Main Bars of 10 mm diameter are placed with a spacing of 150 mm.

Two way slab

Distribution Bars of 10 mm diameter are placed with a spacing of 150 mm.
Main Bars of 10 mm diameter are placed with a spacing of 150 mm.

All the bars are well bound by the binding wires.

After the Shuttering work is complete, oil is applied all over its surface.
A rough carpet is laid all along the slab surface and is partially oiled.
The reinforcements are placed above this carpet.

Fig 2.5.2 Arrangement of formwork

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Fig 2.5.3 Slab shuttering with reinforcement

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Concreting :

The concrete of grade M20 is mixed on site with a diesel operated transit mixer.
An arrangement is made in a corner to lift the concrete to the desired place and a trolley
to move the concrete around the slab.

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 Fig 2.5.4 Mixer and lift

Fig 2.5.5 Arrangement for movement of trolley

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 Fig 2.5.6 Movement of trolley on railing

The concrete is poured all along the slab using plate vibrator.
A smooth finish is provided and the thickness of the slab is monitored
simultaneously.
The concreting of the beam is carried out by needle vibration.

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 Once the concreting is complete, it is left to set for a few hours and then a
boundary is made at the borders with cement-sand mortar and water is
poured into it.
The de-shuttering is done after 25 days of concreting.

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 Fig 2.5.7 Curing

Chapter 3 : PLANNING AND COSTING

3.1 Project Planning

Project Planning aims at deciding the future course of actions to be taken by the organisation to
achieve its objectives. It involves taking decisions regarding what is to be done, how to be
done, when to be done and in what order the activities must be linked together. Planning
aims at formulation of a time based plan of action for coordinating various activities and
resources to achieve specified objectives.

Planning of a PWD PIU Project mainly includes:-

Pre-requisites for execution of work.
Deposit works
Preparation of estimates.
Execution of original work.
Expenditure on survey, exhibition.
Register of buildings.
Green building norms.
Preparation and accounting of Standard Measurement book.
Preparation and passing bills for payment.
Documentation of accounts.
General departmental charges.
Contracts and forms.
Preparation of tender documents.
Publicity of tenders
Sale of documents
Earnest money.
Issue of material to contractors.
Issue of tool and plant.
Payment to contractors
Insurance
Losses or damages.
Budgeting
Quality assurance and technical audit wing.
Inspection and Audit by Chief Controller.
Public accounts committee.

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3.2 MPCS (Management, Planning and Control Schedules)

Management, Planning and Control Schedules everything is handling by project manager of

contractor. They are not using any type of computer software like MSP and primavera for
anything they just use excel for some work and all other work plan on paper manually by
conventional method.

3.3 Drawings

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Fig 3.3.1 Ground Floor Plan

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Fig 3.3.2 First Floor Plan

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Fig 3.3.3 Second Floor Plan

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 Fig 3.3.4 Index Plan
3.4 Specifications

The Specifications shall indicate the qualities and the methods. Technical Specification to be
followed for execution as per Guidelines mentioned in the B.O.Q.
The specifications prescribe the complete work which the Main Contractor shall undertake in
full compliance with the Works Contract document. Although every required item of work may
not be explicitly described in the specifications the Main Contractor shall furnish everything
necessary to complete the specified work in all respect

3.5 Estimation of the Project

Schedule of Rates
To facilitate the preparation of estimates, as also to serve as a guide in settling rates in
connection with contract agreements, a Schedule of Rates for each kind of work commonly
executed should be maintained up-to-date in the Department. It should be prepared on the basis
of the rates prevailing in each station and necessary analysis of the rates for each description of
work and for the varying conditions thereof should, so far as practicable, be recorded.

The Contract Sum based upon the Bill of Quantities, Specifications and Drawings shall be
INR 109264631.00 (Rupees Ten Crores Ninety Two Lakhs Sixty Four Thousand Six
Hundred Thirty One Only). This Contract Sum shall be inclusive of all materials, labour,
taxes, duties, royalties, levies, VAT, service tax, labour cess (if operated) and escalation in
prices (except for agreed basic rates of materials if any) as applicable.

3.6 Other Documents

In this section, details of Work orders, Purchase Orders, Tenders for Sub-contractors, and
Quotations from contractors will be explained at a later stage.

3.7 Lacunas in this System & Improvements Suggested

Sr. IMPROVEMENT
LACUNAS
No. SUGGESTED
There are so many steelyards on site at There should be a separate
different locations which causes more wastage place for steelyard.
1.
of steel and some time it also damages tyres of
the vehicles.

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Chapter 4 : QUALITY

The implementation of Quality Assurance in the field will require close co-operation among the
three agencies, namely (a) field engineers (b) the construction agency, and (c) the Quality
Assurance team at Circle level for strict compliance of Quality Assurance Procedure forming
part of agreement.

4.1 Quality Control System Of The Department

Multi level Quality checks have been created in PWD PIU as detailed below:

Field level

The direct responsibility for ensuring proper quality of work as per approved
specifications for achieving the intended performance and structural, functional and
aesthetical parameters, and the desired life of the building/installation/structure rests
with the construction team of Executive Engineer, Assistant Engineer and Junior
Engineer.

The frequency of inspection visits to site by the team members of directorate will
depend up on rules enforce in the State/UT, however following frequency is
recommended while the work is in progress:

i) Junior Engineer Daily

ii) Assistant Engineer Twice a week
iii) Executive Engineer Once a week

Quality Control team at Circle Level

To keep a watch on the effectiveness/adequacy of Quality Assurance measures at site, a

Quality Assurance team with EE of the circle as its head and comprising of one AE.

The functions of the Quality Assurance team at Circle level are to check the compliance
of Quality Assurance system by the field units, to locate the lapse/deficiency in the
implementation of the Quality Assurance Plan, and to guide the field engineers in
quality related aspects of the work.

Core Wing at Directorate Level

This Core Wing carries out the following main functions to ensure systematic and
comprehensive Assurance of quality in the works :

Quality Assurance of works under the Special DG(S&P), (TD), ADG (Border) and
Engineer- in- Chief (PWD), Bhopal.

Carry out comprehensive examination & technical audit of works.

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 To carry out investigations and enquiries with regard to quality related aspects.
Quality Assurance units in the Regions

Quality Assurance works in various Regions are being looked after by the Regional QA
units headed by the Superintending Engineer or Director Works of the Region.

4.2 CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE (CSQ)

The CSQ unit of PWD is responsible for Contract related matters and quality assurance
functions.

The unit headed by a Chief Engineer is located in Nirman Bhawan (Bhopal) and has 5
separate cells headed by superintending engineers to look after specific areas. The
specific areas are

1. Contract & Manual

2. Standards and Specifications

3. Quality Assurance

4. Techno-Legal matters

5. Technology Application & Standards Unit.

The unit is also responsible for enlistment of class-1 contractors in PWD PIU besides
formulating rules and regulations for enlistment of contractors by different authorities.

All contract related issues, techno legal issues referred to DGW by field units or by
other organisations are dealt by this unit. The responsibility of bringing out schedules
and specifications also rests with the CSQ unit.

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Chapter 5 : BY LAWS & REGULATIONS

The By laws and Regulations followed in the project are as follows:

Construction law is a branch of law that deals with matters relating to building construction,
engineering and related fields. It is in essence an amalgam of contract law, commercial
law, planning law, employment law and tort. Construction law covers a wide range of legal
issues including contract, negligence, bonds and bonding, guarantees and sureties, liens and
other security interests, tendering, construction claims, and related consultancy contracts.
Construction law affects many participants in the construction industry, including financial
institutions, surveyors, architects, builders, engineers, construction workers, and planners.

Various laws relating to the labour and execution of Works:

a) Payment of Wages Act, 1936,

b) Minimum Wages Act, 1948,
c) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923,
d) Industrial Dispute Act, 1947,
e) The Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act,
f) Employees State Insurance Act,
g) Motor and Transport Workers Act,
h) Prevention of Corruption Act 1998,
i) Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act of India 1998.

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Chapter 6 : OBSERVATIONS AND LEARNINGS

The project in which KGI is working, is of a national importance which will elevate the
infrastructure scenario of the country to a new level. Working in the institute has given me an
insight of how a project is executed and how important it is to have a competitive manpower to
successfully run the project. Being in the initial phase of the project I understand how the
relation of Principal Employer, Contractor and The Sub-Contractor has to be carried along with
the progress of the project.

Learning:

I learned how the actual execution of multi-storeyed building is carried at site right from
staging to casting.
Learned about various equipment used in execution and various materials required to
carry out execution.
I learned how daily planning is done based on the resource available before starting any
kind of work.
Can plan sequencing of work and days required to complete certain activity.
Got some idea of how monthly billing is done based on work completed at site.
With execution I learn some safety and quality related work. Some pros and cons about
the quality and how safety is necessary which is always neglected.
Also came across various documents which are needed at site.
Various problems aroused at site during execution and how to tackle them.

Chapter 7 : CONCLUSION
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 After working with PIU in Mother-Child Hospital project, I have received
valuable experience of working in the project. Even after many cultural differences it is very
important to have a common shared purpose/goal for successful functioning of the project.
Working along with different personnel of different grades within the organisation
of the PIU, I have understood the functional importance of every personnel of the organisation.
In the organisation, people also help each other by accomplishing extra work which will not
gain them any monetary returns, but only with the view of betterment of the project.
All the lessons learnt from the organisation, I have tried to cover it in brief in my
thesis and I hope it will give a glimpse of the working with Project Implementation Unit in
Mother Child Hospital project .

Chapter 8 : REFERENCES
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REFERENCES:

Contract Document for MCH project.

Construction and Project Planning by Mr. Chitkara
Safety Manual PWD.
Quality Management Plan PWD.
Schedule of Rates (Building Works)
www.slideshare.net
http://cpwd.gov.in
mppwd.gov.in
CPWD works manual

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