Adamson University

College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department

In partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the Course in Machine

Elements 2:
2nd Semester SY 2016-2017

Grinding Machine
(Grinding Machine with Two Different Wheels and Speed)

Name:
#12, Ga, Artjasper Dhren P.

Student Number:
201311319

Instructor:
Engr. Basil Aloysius P. Bautista

Date of Submission:
March 24, 2017
I. Statement of the Problem:

A grinding machine uses an abrasive wheel as a cutting tool to shape

or change the dimensions of a hard material. The type of materials that need
grinding are usually metallic items such as tools and rods. These machines
generally work by reducing the material through abrasion. Generally, the grain
of the abrasive wheel chips away at the material, changing its shape or
dimension.

A bench grinding machine is a benchtop type grinding machine of

grinding machine used to drive abrasive wheels. A bench grinding is machine
is also similar to pedestal grinder. Pedestal grinder is a similar or larger
version of grinder that is mounted on a pedestal, which may be bolted to the
floor or may sit on rubber feet.

Bench grinding machine having two wheels with the same speed is
only limited in certain material and wheel. Two abrasive wheels having a
different speed limit and will be use in a bench grinding machine is one of the
main problem in this type of machine. Wheels come with maximum RPM
ratings printed on the label. The maximum operating speeds indicated on the
wheels tag must never be exceeded. Greatly over speeding a grinding wheel
makes it explode, which can injure or kill the operator.
II. Objectives
- To have a two different wheels and speed.
- To secure the safety of the operator
- To make the lower speed wheel compatible to the grinding machine

III. Design Sketch (Mechanism)

Motor

Crimped Wire Wheel

Belt and Pulley
Shaft

Wheel Guard Bevel Gear Spur Gear Bearing Abrasive Wheel

IV. Component with Dimension

Spur Gear 14.5 Full Depth :

A. Spur Gear Set 1 (Driver)

Number of Teeth= 18
Diametral Pitch= 6
Pitch Diameter= 3
Base Circle= 2.9
Addendum Circle= 3.33
Dedendum Circle= 2.67
 Addendum Circle Pitch Diameter Base Circle Dedendum Circle

Thickness= 0.5

B. Spur Gear Set 1 (Driven)

Number of Teeth= 30
Diametral Pitch= 6
Pitch Diameter= 5
Base Circle= 4.84
Addendum Circle= 5.33
Dedendum Circle= 4.67
 Addendum Circle Pitch Diameter Base Circle Dedendum Circle

Thickness= 0.5
C. Spur Gear Set 2 (Driver)
Number of Teeth= 20
Diametral Pitch= 5
Pitch Diameter= 4
Base Circle= 3.87
Addendum Circle= 4.4
Dedendum Circle= 3.6
 Addendum Circle Base Circle Pitch Diameter Dedendum Circle

Thickness= 0.5

D. Spur Gear Set 2 (Driven)

Number of Teeth= 30
Diametral Pitch= 5
Pitch Diameter= 6
Base Circle= 5.81
Addendum Circle= 6.4
Dedendum Circle= 5.6

Addendum Circle Base Circle Pitch Diameter Dedendum Circle

 Thickness= 0.5

Belt and Pulley:

A. Driver Pulley
Diameter= 8
Allowance= 0.4
Thickness= 2
B. Driven Pulley
Diameter= 4
Allowance= 0.4
Thickness= 2
C. Belt and Pulley

Center-Center Distance

Driver Belt Driven

Belt:
b= width= 1
t= thickness= 0.2
L= length= 49.12
 Type of belt= Leather
lb m
Density= 0.035 3

Grinding Wheel:
A. Abrasive Grinding Wheel
Diameter= 5.5
Thickness= 2.5
B. Crimped Wire Wheel
Diameter= 5.5
Thickness= 2
Shaft:
A. 1st Shaft
Diameter= 1
Length= 7
B. 2nd Shaft
Diameter= 1

Length= 10
C. 3rd Shaft
Diameter= 1
Length= 10

D. 4th Shaft
Diameter= 1
Length= 12
E. 5th Shaft (right last shaft)

Diameter= 1
Length= 8.5
F. 6th Shaft (left last shaft)
Diameter= 1
Length= 7.5
Bevel Gear:
Number of Teeth= 15
Diameter=3

V.
Computation
Spur Gear:
Set (1)
Driver:
 Diameter= 3
Teeth= 18
18
Diametral Pitch= =6
3

( 18+ 2 )
Addendum Circle= =3.33
6
( 182 )
Dedendum Circle= =2.67 Pitch Diameter= 3
6

Base Circle= 3 cos 14.5=2.9

Driven:
Diameter= 5
Teeth= 30
30
Diametral Pitch= =6
5

( 30+ 2 )
Addendum Circle= =5.33
6
( 302 )
Dedendum Circle= =4.67
6
Pitch Diameter= 5
Base Circle= 5 cos 14.5=4.84

Some Specs. Of Driver and Driven for Set 1

1
Addendum= =0.17
6
1.157
Dedendum= =0.19
6
0.157
Clearance= =0.03
6
2
Working Depth= 6 =0.33
 2.157
Total Depth= =0.36 Tooth Thickness and Space=
6

1.5708 0.209
=0.26 Fillet Radius= =0.05
6 6

Set (2)
Driver:
Diameter= 4
Teeth= 20
20
Diametral Pitch= =5
4

20+ 2
Addendum Circle= =4.4
5
202
Dedendum Circle= =3.6
5
Pitch Diameter= 4
Base Circle= 4 cos 14.5=3.87

Driven:
Diameter= 6
Teeth= 30
30
Diametral Pitch= 6 =5

30+ 2
Addendum Circle= =6.4
5
302
Dedendum Circle= =5.6
5
Pitch Diameter= 6
Base Circle= 6 cos 14.5=5.81

Some Specs. Of Driver and Driven for Set 2

1
Addendum= =0.2
5
 1.157
Dedendum= =0.23
5
0.157
Clearance= =0.03
5
2
Working Depth= =0.4
5
2.157
Total Depth= =0.43
5
1.5708
Tooth Thickness and Space= =0.314
5
0.209
Fillet Radius= =0.04
5

Belt and Pulley:

Driver Diameter= D 1 = 8

Driven Diameter= D 2 = 4
Width= b=1
Thickness of belt= t=0.2
lb m
=0.035 3

Center-Center Distance= C= 15
SD= 2 MPa= 290.0754 psi
f= 0.25 (Steel)

Length of belt= L
( 84 )2
L= ( 8+4 ) + ( 2 ) ( 15 ) +
2 ( 4 )( 15 )
L=49.12

v Belt = ( 8 ) ( 700
60 ) s
ft
=293.22 =24.44 =7.45
s
m
s
 =sin 1
( 284
(15 ) )
=7.66

1=1802 (7.66 )=164.68

F1=290.0754(1)(0.2)

F1=58.02lb f =258.073 N e (f )=2.0515

1

2
(12)( 0.035)(1)(0.2)(24.44)
FC =
32.2
FC =1.56 lb f =6.93 N

F1F 2=( 258.0736.93 ) ( 2.05151

2.0515 )
F1F 2=128.7238 N

m
Power= ( 128.7238 N ) 7.45 s ( )( 11000
KW
)
Power= 0.96 KW= 1.29 HP

Speed Computation:
For Abrasive wheel output:
N 1=N 2=700 rpm

8

4
( 700 rpm )

N 3=1400 rpm=N 4

(1400 rpm)(5 )= { N } rsub { 5 } (3 )

N 5=2333.33 rpm=N 6 =2333.33 rpm

 Diameter of pair bevel gears are equal, so
D 6=D7 ; N 6 D6=N 7 D7 N 7=output for abrasive wheel=2333.33rpm

For Crimped wire wheel output:

Since N 4 is themain driver of two first driven gear , we can start here get the output

(1400)(5 )= { N } rsub {8 } (3 )

N 8=2333.33 rpm=N 9

6 )= N10 (4 )
(2333.33 rpm)

N 10=N 11 =3500 rpm

Equal diameter of bevel gear;

D11=D 12

N 11 =N 12

N 12=output for crimped wire wheel=3500 rpm

VI. Specification Table

Spur Gear:
 System Driver Driven Driver Driven
(Set 1) (Set 1) (Set 2) (Set 2)

Number of 18 30 20 30
Teeth
Dimetral Pitch 6 6 5 5
Pitch Diameter 3 5 4 6
Addendum 3.33 5.33 4.4 6.4
Circle
Dedendum 2.67 4.67 3.6 5.6
Circle
Base Circle 2.9 4.84 3.87 5.81
Addendum 0.17 0.17 0.2 0.2
Dedendum 0.19 0.19 0.23 0.23
Clearance 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Working Depth 0.33 0.33 0.4 0.4
Total Depth 0.36 0.36 0.43 0.43
Tooth 0.26 0.26 0.314 0.314
Thickness
Tooth Space 0.26 0.26 0.314 0.314
Fillet Radius 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04

Belt:

Length 49.12
Width 1
Type Leather
Density lb
0.035 3m

Thickness 0.2
Stress 2 MPa
 Pulley:

System Driver Driven

Diameter 8 4
Allowance 0.4 0.4
f (steel) 0.25 0.25
Thickness 2 2
C-C Distance 15 15

Wheel:

System Abrasive Wheel Crimped Wire Wheel

Diameter 5.5 5.5
Thickness 2.5 2
Maximum RPM 2500RPM 4500RPM

VII. How does Mechanical System Works?

 The
motor
will transmit the power to the driver pulley and the rotation is counter-
clockwise.

Driven pulley will rotate on

the same direction which is
counter- clockwise.
 Driven pulley is connected to the Driver Spur Gear which has 2 identical
Driven Spur Gear. The rotation of driver spur gear is also CCW because of the
driven pulley. The identical spur gear will rotate clockwise.

For the abrasive wheel output, the identical spur gear on the right is rotating
clockwise. Bevel gear is connected to the driven spur gear so it will
 clockwise. The other bevel gear is placed on the side of driver bevel gear. The
driven gear will rotate CW and it is connected to the output, so that abrasive
wheel will also rotate clockwise.

For the crimped wire wheel output, the other identical spur gear which is in left of its
driver. The set 2 driver gear is connected to driven spur gear set 1 so will also rotate
clockwise. The driven gear set 2 will rotate opposite to its driver gear. Bevel gear Driver
is connected to driven gear set 2 which is rotating CCW. Bevel gear driven is also
rotating CCW
 So, the crimped wire wheel will also rotate CCW as the bevel gear driven.

VIII. Additional Sketch

IX.

Conclusion

Therefore, I conclude that I combined the two type of grinding

machine and change its concept. Benchtop grinder to pedestal grinder design
and change the speed of the wheel of bench grinder. The other wheel has a
high speed and higher rpm limit and the other wheel has lower speed and
limit. Having this kind of design we can also secure the safety of the operator.