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M.E 29 1 - Homework 9

Submission Deadline
ME291 -00J : 3' May (Wednesday) before Cla.~s
ME291-002: 4'" May (Thursday) before Class

Note: Write your name and course name/course nu mber at the top right hand comer of the firs t
page o f your homework.

Problems are from the Text (8'" Edition)

Chapter 5: 5. 19; 5.39; 5.60; 5.68; 5.76; 5.85; 5.90; 5.91; 5.92

Chapter 6: 6. 15; 6.3 1; 6.77

5.19 A power cycle opemting at steady state receives energy

by heat transfer at a rate QH at T"; 1800 K and rejects
energy by heat transfer to a cold reservoir at a rate Qc at
T<: = 600 K. For each or the following cases. determine
whether the cycle operates reersibly. operates irreversibly,
or is impossible.
(a) <211 = 500 kW.
. .
Oc = 100 kW
.
(b) Q 11 = 500 kW. w.,,,. = 250 kW. Qc = 200 kW
(c) IV"'" = 350 kW. Qc - 150 kW
. .
(d) Q11 500 kW. Qc 200 kW

5_\9 As shown in fig. P5.39, a system undergoing a power cycle

develops a net power output of I MIV while receiving energy
by heat lntnsfcr from Mcam condensing [rom satumlcd wpor
to saturated liquid at a pressure or 100 kPn. Energy is

< > rn
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~.76 A gas within a piston-cylinder assembly executes a Carnot

power cycle during which the isothermal expansion occurs
at T11 = 600 K and the isothennal compression occurs at
Tc = 300 K. Determine
(a) the thermal effieienc)'.
(b) the percent change in thermal efficiency if T" increases
by 15% while Tc remains the same.
(c) the percent change in thermal efficiency if Tc decreases
by lS% while TH remains the same.
(d) the percent change in themal clftciency if T11 increase>
by 15% and r,. decreases by 15% .

5.85 A syst~m executes a power cycle while receiving 1050 kJ

by heat transfer at a tempcrnt urc of 525 K and discharging
700 kJ by heat transfer at 350 K. There arc no other heat
transfers.
(a) Using Eq. 5.13. determine whether the cycle is imemally
revusiblr. irreersible. or impossiblt.
{b) Determine the thermal efficiency using Eq. 5.4 and the
given heat transfer data. Compare this value with the Camo1
efficiency calculated using Eq. 5.9 aud comment.

5.90 Figure P5.90 gives the schcmn.ric or a \'Dpor power plam

in which water steadily circul:ucs through the tour
COmponents Sh()wn, The w;UCr now:s through the boiler and
condenser a1 conswm pressure and through the curbine and
pump adiabatically. Kinetic and potential energy effects can
be igllorcd. Process dnln follow:
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5.9tt Figure P5.90 ghcs Lhc schematic or n vapor power plant

in wbicb water steadily circulates through the four
comp;ment~ shown. tlte water flows through the btiler and
CQndcnscr at constant pressure and through the curbinc and
pump adiabatically. Kinetic and p<>ll.:nti::tl energy df\."CI!. can
be ignored. Process data follow:
Process 4-1: const:mt pressure at I MPa from saiUnHcd liquid
to s::uunncd vapor
ProeL'SS 2-3: constant pres~urc at 20 kPn from x2 = 88% 10
. , = 18%
(a) Using Eq. 5. 13 expressed on a time.rnte basis.. determine
ir the cycle is internal/)'
r~, ~rJiblt!, irr~vtrsiblt-. or impossible.
(b) Determine the thermal efficiency using Eq . 5.4 expressed
on a time-rate basis and steam table data.
(c) Compare the rcsulo o( pan (b) with the Comot /ficit!IC)'
calcultued using Eq. 5.9 with the boiler and condenser
tempenuures and comment.
5.1H Rept:at Problem 5.90 ror the rollowing ease:
Process ~ 1: conswnt pressure at 8 MP:'t from s:uurated liquid
to saturated \'apor
l'rocess 2-3: constant pressure at 8 kP3 (rom x 1 61.5% to
' = 3~.2%

5.92 Repeat l)toblem 5.90 for the following. <.asc:

P rut.c~4-1: constant prt..-ssure nt 0.15 M~ fmm satur.ttcd
liquid 10 saturated vnpor
Pro"e.'s 2-3: c:onstn.nt pressure at 20 kl~ from x'! - 90% to
X.1 = 10%

3 Coodetb4-r 2

fig.P5.90-92

6.15 One kilogram or water conlained in a piston-cylinder

asscmblv. initially at l60'C.l50 kPa. undergoes an isothermal
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Flg.PS.90- 92

(o.IS One kilogram or water contained in a piston-cylinder

assembly. initially m 160"C. 150 kPn. undergoes an isothcnnal
compression process 10 saturated liquid. For the process, W =
- 471.5 kJ. Determine for the process
(a) the heal transfer. in kJ.
(b) the change in entropy. in kJfK.
Show the process on a sketch of the T-s diagram.

6.31 Figure P6.31 provides the T-s diagram of a Camo1

rerrigeration cycle for which the substance is Refrigerant
134a. Determine the cocrricient of performance.

T('C)

p ,_= 16 bar

0
2
v(k.l/kgK)
fig. P6.31
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.< (U/l.gK)
Fig. P6.31

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(o.11 The heat pump cycle shown in Fig. P6.77 ope rates at
steady state and provides energy by heat transfer at a rate
of LS kW 10 maintain a dwelling at 22"C when the outside
lempera lure is - 22C. l11e manufaciUrer claims I hal the
power input required for this operaling condition is 3.2 k\V.
Applying energy and e ntropy rate balances evaluate this
claim.

~vC)'t'k = 3.2 ~:w

~---------- ----- ---~

Q,. = 15 kW !' "'

I np
C) lc
i-

Fig. P6.77
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~-l9 As shown in fig. P5.39. a system undergoing a power cycle

dc\'clo~ a ncl pOwer oucpul of I M\V while receiving energy
by heat tran,fer from cam condcnsin~ from saturated vapor
to saturated liquid at a pressure of 100 kl'a. Energy is
discharged from the C)Cic by heat traISfcr to a nearby lake
at rrc. These are the only significant heat transfers. Kinetic
and potential energy effects can be ignored. For operation at
steady stute. determine the minimum theoretical steam mass
Oow rate. in kgls. required by any such cycle.

S!ltur.uod ':lpor (
100 kl':o. - .. ---,f-4~ Sorurated liqwd
,;, 100 ~.,.
S)':l-tctn wldctg_oing
ll power cycle - ---

Lulc 0111 C
Flg.PS.39

5.60 A heal pump is under conidcration for heating a research

station located on an Antarctica ice shelf. Tite interior of the
sta tion is 10 be kept al tsc. De termine the maximum
theoretical rate of heating provided by a heat pump. in kW
per kW of power input. in each of two cases: The role of the
cold reservoir is played by (a) the atmosphere at - 2<fC,
(b) ocean water at sc.

5.68 l11c rdriger~Hor shown in Fig. P5.68 operates at steady

state with a coeffic-ient or performance of 5.0 within a
kitchen at 23c. The refrigerator rejects 4.8 kW by heat
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~ f..KThe rdrigcrator ~ho,\n m Fig. P5.68 opcratt.s at steady

state \\llh a coefficient of performance of 5.0 within a
lirchcn ar 23 C. The rcfngcraror rcjccrs 4.8 k\V by bear

- - Coils
O u 4.8~W

Flc.Ps.6s

tran~~;;fcr
10 it' 'urroundin~ from metal coils localed on its
C\lerior. Determine
(a) lhc po"cr onpur. on kW.
(b) rhe lo,.c<lrhcorcricalreonper:llurc illside the rcfrigeraror.
mK

.<. ~ A ~~ "llhon a p1SIOn<}hndcr a.sembl) exe<"Ures a Carnor

po"cr C)clc dunng "h1ch lhe 1sothcrmal expansion occurs
ar T,. - 600 K and rhe ISOthermal compression occurs ar