The Passive Voice —
(Forma Passiva)
In the active voice studied so far, the subject performs the action.
In the passive voice, the subject receives the action.
Active Voice Passive Voice
Maria legge il libro. Ilibro @ letto da Maria.
Maria reads the book. The book is read by Maria.
The passive in Italian is formed, as in English, with the verb essere
and the past participle of the action verb. The passive voice of any
transitive verb is formed with the conjugated forms of the auxiliary
essere + the past participle of the verb, followed by the preposition
da, if the agents expressed. Itis not always necessary 10 express the
agent.
La macchina é stata rubata
da delinquent.
‘The car has been robbed by
delinquents. (By whom is
expressed.)
The car has been robbed. (By whom.
La macchina é stata rubata.
is not expressed.)
Verbs Other than Essere to Express the Passive
Voice
re, The use of either verb does
.d in place of esse!
of the sentence. In general, you use
while essere is used to
Venire is often use
not change the meaning
venire to express carrying out an action,
emphasize a state of being.
Lloro dipinti vennero, /furon0 Their paintings were admired
by the entire world.
ammirati da tutto il mondo. P is week, (action)
La vostra macchina verra riparata Your car will be repaired next werk. (
Ja settimana prossima.
Le camicie sono lavate. The shirts are washed. (
om EE
Answer the following questions using the passive voice and the words suggested in parentheses.
state of being)
1. Quando é stato pagato il conto? (ieri)
2. Da chi é stata scritta La Divina Commedia? (Dante Alighieri)
3. Ache ora sono stati svegliati i ragazzi? (tardi)
4, Dove sono state fatte queste scarpe? (in Italia)
5. Quante fotografie sono state scattate? (molte)
6. Dove é stato pubblicato questo libro? (in America)
7. In che anno é stata scoperta I’America? (1492)
8. Dove sono stati portati i quadri? (in cantina)
a
Translate the following sentences into Italian using venire in the appropriate forms.
1. The new statue will be admired in the museum's lobby.
2, Alessandro Manzoni’s works have been studied by all Italian students.
3. The soccer team was honored for its excellent season. Tha echonil’s rettsll be repated daring the exmmer
5. The contract will be signed this evening,
6. The tax return will be completed by the middle of April.
7. The museum will be closed for three months for remodeling.
@
. The drapes were taken down to be cleaned,
9. The house was sold a long time ago.
The modal verbs you studied at the end of the first unit of this book do not have a passive form.
The infinitives that follow them must be put in the passive.
IL biglietto deve essere emesso The ticket must be issued by next week.
entro la prossima settimana.
Le spese della casa possono essere The house expenses can be
pagate piano piano. paid little by little.
Rimanere and restare are often used in place of essere when the past participle following it
describes emotions such as: deluso, stupito, meravigliato, sorpreso, chiuso, and aperto.
Siamo rimasti molto delusi quando We were very disappointed when
abbiamo saputo che non sareste venuti, _we heard that you were not coming.
La chiesa restera chiusa al pubblico tutto The church will remain closed to the public
il mese di giugno per restauro. throughout June for remodeling.
Pa 83 |
Translate the following sentences into Italian using the passive voice.
1. The contract must be signed.
2. The contract will have to be signed by your parents.
3. The contract (venire) was signed by everybody. 10.
i i in court.
The contract (venire)was signed in ¢
n signed yet.
We are surprised that the contract has not been sign
The airline ticket will be reimbursed.
The airline ticket was reimbursed already.
i ible.
‘The airline ticket (venire) will be reimbursed as soon as possibl
‘The house (venire) will be built in six months.
This museum will remain closed all winter.
Andare is often used in place of essere with verbs such as perdere (to lose), smarrire (
sprecare (‘o waste). Also, sometimes andare replaces dovere + essere when conveyin
necessity.
10 lose), and
1g a sense of
Molta frutta va sprecata perché nessuno —_A lot of fruit is wasted because nobody
vuole raccoglierla wants to pick it.
Tutte le fotografie sono andate smarrite
durante la guerra,
or Tutte le fotografie sono state smarrite
durante la guerra,
All the pictures were lost during the war.
Va ricordato che non si pud correre It must be remembered that one cannot
nei corridoi.
; run in the corridors.
or Deve essere ricordato che non
si pud correre nei corridoi. e
i
|
Translate he following sentences into Hatin using the appropriate form of the verb in the pas
q in the passive voice.
1, Lots of food is wasted in restaurants,
2, Very often Isee signs that say, “A dog is lost.”
It must be remembered that one cannot go fishing without a permit.
4, Itmust be remembered that smoking is prohibited in airplane lavatories.
5, All the leftovers from the roof repair will have to be picked up and put in the containers.
6. All my documents have been robbed.
7, All that gossip will have to be taken with a grain of salt.
8, So much space is wasted in her house!
9. All these ideas will have to be taken into consideration.
Se eee uence eee
ternatives to the Passive Voice
Alternatives to the Pass\*————
voice is often used in written language such as in newspapers, magazines,
om language, you can choose a few alternatives that are usually preferred.
In Italian the passive
and books. In the spo)
5 the idea of one, and itis used much more in Talian than in English. It also
ii expres
Si is used to
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