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This document provides examples and explanations of key grammar concepts including:
1. Word classes and agreement in sentences are identified, such as subjects and verbs that must agree.
2. Sentence ambiguity is explored through examples where prepositional phrases or modifiers can be attached to multiple parts of the sentence.
3. Examples of nested sentences are provided and analyzed using bracket notation to identify the embedded clauses.
The document concludes by prompting the reader to generate their own examples of ambiguous and nested sentences to check their understanding.
This document provides examples and explanations of key grammar concepts including:
1. Word classes and agreement in sentences are identified, such as subjects and verbs that must agree.
2. Sentence ambiguity is explored through examples where prepositional phrases or modifiers can be attached to multiple parts of the sentence.
3. Examples of nested sentences are provided and analyzed using bracket notation to identify the embedded clauses.
The document concludes by prompting the reader to generate their own examples of ambiguous and nested sentences to check their understanding.
This document provides examples and explanations of key grammar concepts including:
1. Word classes and agreement in sentences are identified, such as subjects and verbs that must agree.
2. Sentence ambiguity is explored through examples where prepositional phrases or modifiers can be attached to multiple parts of the sentence.
3. Examples of nested sentences are provided and analyzed using bracket notation to identify the embedded clauses.
The document concludes by prompting the reader to generate their own examples of ambiguous and nested sentences to check their understanding.
Identify the word classes in sentences 1-4. Indicate any parts of a sentence that must agree with each other.
1. The player choked his coach.
Article noun verb (possessive) pronoun verb 2. My favorite player is a murderer, but I love him. (possessive) pronoun noun verb article noun conjunction (subject) pronoun verb - (object) pronoun is agrees with player, love agrees with I 3. Our police caught the reckless driver quickly. (possessive) pronoun noun verb article noun verb adverb 4. She eats the juicy apple. (subject) pronoun) noun verb adjective noun eats agrees with she 5. Is ate a transitive or intransitive verb? It is ditransitive We ate. (intrans) / We ate watermelon. (trans) 6. Is it grammatical (in the descriptive sense) to say, Ill take 2 sands? This is the count noun v. noncount/mass noun thing we discussed in class
Constituent Structure & Structural Ambiguity
Identify all the noun phrases and verb phrases in the following sentences. Then, for each sentence, explain why it is ambiguous.
1. They were inspiring musicians.
NP: they, musicians OR [inspiring musicians] VP: [were inspiring] musicians OR were [inspiring musicians] Ambiguity is due to fact that inspiring can be verb or adjective. If inspiring is being used as a verb, the sentence describes what they were doing to the musicians. If inspiring is being used as an adjective, the sentence describes they. 2. He threatened to kill me in public. NP: he, me VP: threatened to [kill me in public] OR [threatened (to kill me) in public] Ambiguity is due to the fact that the prepositional phrase in public could be describing where the threat was made OR where the killing would take place.
3. The butcher has smoked ham.
NP: the butcher, ham OR smoked ham VP: has [smoked ham] OR [has smoked] ham Ambiguity is due to 2 intersecting instances of a word that may belong to more than one word class ie., the word may function as more than one type of word: The word has can be used as a main verb or as an auxiliary verb. The word smoked can be used as an adjective or as a verb (past participle). If smoked is modifying ham, then has must be acting as a main verb. If smoked is acting as a past participle, then has must be acting as an auxiliary verb. 4. She is a Chinese art expert. NP: she, [Chinese art] expert OR Chinese [art expert] VP: is Ambiguity is due to the fact the adjective Chinese may be modifying the noun art or the noun phrase art expert. That is, either the art is Chinese or the art expert is Chinese.
Generate your own ambiguous sentences.
Any doubts about your own sentences, email me
Sentence Nesting Draw brackets around the nested sentence in the following sentences.
1. The mongoose [that killed the cobra] is in the garden.
2. The people [who lived in {the town] that was close to the mountain} were frightened.
Generate your own sentences with nested sentences.
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