Scope For CSR Activities - Johnson Prabakaran

A STUDY ON SCOPE FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
ACTIVITIES IN ARASUR VILLAGE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO

SHANTHI GEARS LIMITED, COIMBTORE.
Submitted by
JOHNSON PRABAKARAN.D
(Reg. No. 1531M0055)
Under the Guidance of

Mr. JOHN WESLEY M.S.W., M.Phil., M.B.A.
Assistant professor
A Dissertation submitted to the Bharathiar University in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

BISHOP APPASAMY COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE
(Affiliated to the Bharathiar University)
COIMBATORE 641 018

MARCH- 2017
ACKNOWLDGEMENT
I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me- Phil 4:13
Im grateful to LORD Jesus Christ for his bountiful gifts that gave me courage
and faith in myself. He led me to go through the most difficult times of my research
writing with His profound and unconditional Love for me.
Gratitude is the fairest blossom which springs from the soul. I hereby affidavit my
sincere thanks to Mr. JOHN WESLEY guide, Bishop Appasamy College of Arts and
Science for his constant support, valuable encouragement and timely suggestions to
complete this project work with complacent I thank him from my heart for your teaching
and kind words, patience and caring throughout my research .
I would like to express my sense of gratitude to Principal Dr. Mrs. Jemimah

Winston, CSI Bishop Appasamy College of Arts & Science who has given me support
and motivation.
I extend my sincere thanks to Mrs. Esther Shalini, Assistant Professor, and

Department of social work for guiding me and provided me continuous support
throughout my project.
My gratitude is also extended to Dr.Mrs. Esther rani,, Mr. Sam Lovely Son,
Mrs. Priyadarshini, Mrs. Prema Malini, Mr. John Wesley, Mr. Samuel Raj, Mrs.
Sasikala Mary and Ms. Elizabeth Department of social work, Bishop Appasamy
College of Arts and Science, for your encouragement and constructive suggestions.
A special gratitude goes to my beloved family for their support. Im whole

heartily grateful to my parents Mr.D. David Livingstone and Mrs.MEERA, and
my sister Miss.Christy without their inspiration, drive and support you gave me; I might
not be the person I am today. Im more thankful to my Bosom Buddy Amuli for her
support and understanding underpins my persistence in the graduate career and makes the
completion of this Study
I have been touched by the some beautiful people and for that I am Grateful to my
class friends for their support and motivation throughout my research.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
NUMBER TITLE NUMBER
I 1-27
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE STUDY
MEANING
DEFINITION
CONCEPT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
CSR IN HUMAN RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT
THE GLOBAL CONTEXT
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN

INDIA
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

AND SUSTAINABILITY
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

POLICY
SCOPE FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
FUNCTIONS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY COMMITTEE
ADMINISTRATION OF CORPORATE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS
IMPLEMENTATION
CSR FUNDING
CSR BUDGET
AMENDMENTS TO THE POLICY
BENEFITS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY
SHANTHI GEARS LIMITED
VARIANT CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES IN
COIMBATORE
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IN INDIA
THE MOST COMMON PROBLEMS THAT

HINDERS THE GROWTH OF EDUCATION
IN RURAL INDIA
HEALTH LEVEL IN INDIA
HEALTHCARE IN INDIAN VILLAGES AS

PER NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION
REPORT
CONCLUSION
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 28-31
III REERACH METHODOLOGY 32-37
INTRODUCTION
TITLE OF THE STUDY
NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
HYPOTHESIS
RESEARCH DESIGN
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
PRE-TEST
TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION
DATA COLLECTION
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
CHAPTERIZATION
CONCLUSION
IV ANALYSIS, TABULATION AND 38-66
INTREPRETATION
V FINDINGS, SUGGESTION AND 67-70
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNEXURE
TABLES
TABLE NUMBER TITLE PAGE
NUMBER
1 Age distribution of the respondents 39
2 Sex of the respondents 40
3 Religion of the respondents 41
4 Marital status of the respondents 42
5 Occupation of the respondents 43
6 Qualification of the respondent 44
7 Respondents state of house 45
8 Respondents type of house 46
9 Respondents type of family 47
10 Income of the respondents 48
11 Level of educational awareness 49
12 Level of accessibility to education 51
13 Available facilities for education 53
14 Level of Health awareness 55

15 Available facilities for Health 57
16 Available facilities for Health 59
The comparison of means between

17 61
Type of village and awareness on
education of the Respondents
The comparison of means between 62
18
Type of village and accessibility to
19 The comparison of means between 63
Type of village and availability on
Type of village and awareness on health
of the Respondents
Type of village and accessibility to health
of the Respondents
Type of village and availability on health
of the Respondents
FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE NUMBER

NUMBER
1 Age distribution of the respondents 39
2 Sex of the respondents 40
3 Religion of the respondents 41
4 Marital status of the respondents 42
5 Occupation of the respondents 43
6 State of house of the respondents 45
7 Type of house of the respondents 46
8 Awareness on education of the respondents 50
9 Accessibility on education of the respondents 52
10 Availability on education of the respondents 54
11 Awareness on health of the respondents 56
12 Accessibility on health of the respondents 58
13 Availability on health of the respondents 60

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Introduction about the study:
Indian companies are now expected to discharge their stakeholder responsibilities

and societal obligations, along with their shareholder-wealth maximization goal. Nearly
all leading corporate in India are involved in corporate social responsibility (CSR)
programmes in areas like education, health, livelihood creation, skill development, and
empowerment of weaker sections of the society. The new Companies Act has asked
Corporate India to step in with the provision that companies invest 2 per cent of their net
profits in CSR. HR has a key and responsibility in making CSR work. The core
responsibility of HR includes communicating and implementing ideas, policies, cultural
and behavioral change throughout organization and this defines the role of HR in CSR
activities of organization. HR needs to influence attitude of people and link employees
with top management for the greater cause of CSR.
Shanthi Gears Ltd provisions of the CSR shall be applicable are contained in Sub
Section 1 of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2014. The Policy recognizes that
corporate social responsibility is not merely compliance; it is a commitment to support
initiatives that measurably improve the lives of underprivileged by focus areas on
Education, Health, Sanitation, Environment and Social empowerment. Establishing a
guideline for compliance with the provisions of Regulations to dedicate a percentage of
Companys profits for social projects. Ensuring the implementation of CSR initiatives in
letter and spirit through appropriate procedures and reporting and creating opportunities
for employees to participate in socially responsible initiatives. CSR has an important role
in strengthening close link of collaboration, participation and co-operation between
corporations and community. Community stands for a group of interdependent people
who live in close proximity and interact regularly for fulfillment of needs. This study
attempted to examine the scope for CSR activities in the Arasur village, Coimbatore. It
looked at four sub villages to focus on the Educational & Health needs & facilities at the
same time also looking at the CSR activities for their villages. This study compares
Education and Health in order to Awareness, Accessibility and Availability of each
village and suggests the place where the CSR programmes can be applied.
Meaning:
"CSR is the process by which an organization thinks about and evolves its
relationships with stakeholders for the common good, and demonstrates its commitment
in this regard by adoption of appropriate business processes and strategies. Thus CSR is
not charity or mere donations. CSR is a way of conducting business, by which corporate
entities visibly contribute to the social good. Socially responsible companies do not limit
themselves to using resources to engage in activities that increase only their profits. They
use CSR to integrate economic, environmental and social objectives with the company's
operations and growth.
"The companies CSR represent the continuous commitment for the ethical
behavior and the participation to the economic development through the improvement of
the life quality for the rural people and also for the local community and overall society".
Definition:
Lord Holmes and Richard Watts have defined, Corporate Social Responsibility
is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to
economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and
their families as well as of the local community and society at large.
Prabakaran has defined, CSR means that, every corporate has responsibility to
give back developmental resources to the society, where they could take
manpower and other resources.
Concept of corporate social responsibility:
The corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a hot topic at the international level
for many debates among the representatives of more companies, representatives of the
academia, NGOs, but also for the specialists coming from a wide range of national and
international administrative institutions. The expectations of different categories of
stakeholders are higher and more concerts formulated elements that place a lot of
pressures of the organizations that are forced to find the best ways to perform, in order to
assure their survival and development. The companies arent anymore perceived as
closed systems, but they act in an open manner, attracting resources from external
environment. In order to be successful and build up an attractive image, the companies
have to prove that they are responsible. At the moment, it is obvious the fact that any
company is part of a complex relational network, made of different segments of society
and that is able to exert a major influence over its activities. If the company doesnt
succeed to offer a valid reply to those interest groups, it can face serious problems and
even conflicts that could damage the companys image. CSR can be a powerful tool that
can foster the cooperation among companies, support Community development, bringing
them closer to their stakeholders.
The roles and responsibilities of a company have to be continuously redefined in

order to meet at higher level the market demands. Even if the motivation for profit is
acknowledged and accepted, the people arent anymore available to accept it for ignoring
the basic norms and the standards regarding the employees, the business partners and its
environment.
The modern companies are expected to be responsible towards the attracted and used
resources, targeting both the companys development and success, but also for the
community where it carries out its activities.
CSR in Human Resource Management:
HR department has to play a bigger role in CSR initiatives. It has to ensure greater
involvement of employees. Every aspect of our lives is undergoing rapid change. In the
corporate world, this is evident from how human resources management (HRM) is
reinventing itself to manage increasingly open, flat, interactive and differentiated
ecosystems in constant flux. HRM finds increased application is Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR). As organizations are seeking to make their CSR activities more
value-based and highlight their culture and vision, greater and more direct involvement of
employees required. Given this, the HR department has to drive CSR routines with their
organizations. The HR leadership has the capability to unite employees around the
organizations culture and border vision, thereby reinforcing the values the organization
stands for. In this context, the HR department has to rethink its managerial role and work
with tools the change behavior. HR professionals may build talent strategies around their
organizations social and environmental commitments that are intrinsic to the brand and
reflect the values and beliefs of their people. HR should design CSR initiatives in such a
manner that they drive employee engagement. For the employees these activities unite
the organizational system and the various aspects their larger life. Lastly with the well
embedded CSR agenda, organization is positioned to drive a better employee value
proposition.
The Global Context:
While there may be no single universally accepted definition of CSR, each

definition that currently exists underpins the impact that businesses have on society at
large and the societal expectations of them. Although the roots of CSR lie in
philanthropic activities (such as donations, charity, relief work, etc.) of corporations,
globally, the concept of CSR has evolved and now encompasses all related concepts such
as triple bottom line, corporate citizenship, philanthropy, strategic philanthropy, shared
value, corporate sustainability and business responsibility. The evolution of the concept
of Social responsibility of business is the result of different stages of struggle. As an
owner of his business, he thought that he had a perfect right to do what he pleased with
the money he learned to the society. But by 1920s, the position changed and the word
service became the slogan of innumerable business clubs and associations. This
evolution process has been the rise of new relationship between the public and corporate.
Corporate Social Responsibility in India:
CSR in India has traditionally been seen as a philanthropic activity. And in

keeping with the Indian tradition, it was an activity that was performed but not
deliberated. As a result, there is limited documentation on specific activities related to
this concept. However, what was clearly evident that much of this had a national
character encapsulated within it, whether it was endowing institutions to actively
participating in Indias freedom movement, and embedded in the idea of trusteeship.
As some observers have pointed out, the practice of CSR in India still remains
within the philanthropic space, but has moved from institutional building (educational,
research and cultural) to community development through various projects. Also, with
global influences and with communities becoming more active and demanding, there
appears to be a discernible trend, that while CSR remains largely restricted to community
development, it is getting more strategic in nature (that is, getting linked with business)
than philanthropic, and a large number of companies are reporting the activities they are
undertaking in this space in their official websites, annual reports, sustainability reports
and even publishing CSR reports.
Corporate Social Responsibility and sustainability:
Sustainability (corporate sustainability) is derived from the concept of sustainable

development which is defined by the Brundtland Commission as development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs 4. Corporate sustainability essentially refers to the role that
companies can play in meeting the agenda of sustainable development and entails a
balanced approach to economic progress, social progress and environmental stewardship.
CSR in India tends to focus on what is done with profits after they are made. On the other
hand, sustainability is about factoring the social and environmental impacts of conducting
business, that is, how profits are made. Hence, much of the Indian practice of CSR is an
important component of sustainability or responsible business, which is a larger idea, a
fact that is evident from various sustainability frameworks. An interesting case in point is
the NVGs for social, environmental and economic responsibilities of business issued by
the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in June 2011. Principle eight relating to inclusive
development encompasses most of the aspects covered by the CSR clause of the
Companies Act, 2013. However, the remaining eight principles relate to other aspects of
the business. The UN Global Compact, a widely used sustainability framework has 10
principles covering social, environmental, human rights and governance issues, and what
is described as CSR is implicit rather than explicit in these principles.
Corporate Social Responsibility Policy:
Corporate Social Responsibility is not a new concept in India, however, the

Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India has recently notified the Section 135
of the Companies Act, 2013 along with Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility
Policy) Rules, 2014 "hereinafter CSR Rules" and other notifications related thereto which
makes it mandatory (with effect from 1st April, 2014) for certain companies who fulfill
the criteria as mentioned under Sub Section 1 of Section 135 to comply with the
provisions relevant to Corporate Social Responsibility. As mentioned by United Nations
Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), CSR is generally understood as being
the way through which a company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and
social imperatives ("Triple-Bottom-Line- Approach"), while at the same time addressing
the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders.
a) Applicability of Corporate Social Responsibility:
The companies on whom the provisions of the CSR shall be applicable are
contained in Sub Section 1 of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013. As per the said
section, the companies having Net worth of INR 500 crore or more; or Turnover of INR
1000 crore or more; or Net Profit of INR 5 crore or more during any financial year shall
be required to constitute a Corporate Social Responsibility Committee of the Board
"hereinafter CSR Committee" with effect from 1st April, 2014. The pictorial
representation below gives the representation of Section 135 (1). The above provision
requires every company having such prescribed Net worth or Turnover or Net Profit shall
be covered within the ambit of CSR provisions. The section has used the word
"companies" which connotes a wider meaning and shall include the foreign companies
having branch or project offices in India.
b) Role of Corporate Social Responsibility committee:
The CSR Committee constituted in pursuance of Section 135 of the Companies

Act, 2013 shall be required to carry out the following activities:
Formulate and recommend to the Board, a Corporate Social Responsibility Policy

which shall indicate the activities to be undertaken by the company as specified in
Schedule VII;
Recommend the amount of expenditure to be incurred on the activities referred to
in clause;
Monitor the Corporate Social Responsibility Policy of the company from time to
time.
c) Corporate Social Responsibility activities:
The Policy recognizes that corporate social responsibility is not merely

compliance; it is a commitment to support initiatives that measurably improve the lives of
underprivileged by one or more of the following focus areas as notified under Section
135 of the Companies Act 2013 and Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy)
Rules 2014:
i. Eradicating hunger, poverty & malnutrition, promoting preventive health care &
sanitation & making available safe drinking water;
ii. Promoting education, including special education & employment enhancing vocation
skills especially among children, women, elderly & the differently unable & livelihood
enhancement projects;
iii. Promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes & hostels for
women & orphans, setting up old age homes, day care centers & such other facilities for
senior citizens & measures for reducing inequalities faced by socially & economically
backward groups;
iv. Reducing child mortality and improving maternal health by providing good hospital
facilities and low cost medicines;
v. Providing with hospital and dispensary facilities with more focus on clean and good
sanitation so as to combat human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency
syndrome, malaria and other diseases;
vi. Ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora & fauna,
animal welfare, agro forestry, conservation of natural resources & maintaining quality of
soil, air & water;
vii. Employment enhancing vocational skills
viii. Protection of national heritage, art & culture including restoration of buildings &
sites of historical importance & works of art; setting up public libraries; promotion &
development of traditional arts & handicrafts;
ix. Measures for the benefit of armed forces veterans, war widows & their dependents;
x. Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognized sports, sports & Olympic
sports;
xi. Contribution to the Prime Ministers National Relief Fund or any other fund set up by
the Central Government for socio-economic development & relief & welfare of the
Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities & women;
xii. Contributions or funds provided to technology incubators located within academic

institutions, which are approved by the Central Government;
xiii. Rural development projects, etc
xiv. Slum area development.
Scope for Corporate Social Responsibility:
A. Education:-
i) Support to Technical /Vocational Institutions for their self -development.
ii) Academic education by way of financial assistance to Primary, Middle and Higher
Secondary Schools.
iii) Adult literacy amongst those belonging to BPL.
iv) Awareness programmes on girls Education.
v) Counseling of parents.
vi) Special attention on education, training and rehabilitation of mentally & physically
challenged children/persons.
vii) Spreading legal awareness amongst people and disadvantageous sections of the
society about their rights & remedies available.
viii) Promotion of Professional Education by setting up educational Institutions offering

courses in Engg, Nursing, Management,
ix) Medicine and in Technical subjects etc.

x) Provide fees for a period of one year or more to the poor and meritorious, preferably
girl students of the school in the operational area of the Company to enable them to get
uninterrupted education.
B. Water Supply including Drinking Water:
i) Installation/Repair of Hand Pumps/Tube Wells.
ii) Digging/Renovation of Wells.
iii) Gainful utilization of waste water from Under -ground Mines for Cultivation or any
other purpose.
iv) The development / construction of Water Tank/Ponds.
v) Rain water-harvesting scheme.
vi) Formation of a Task Force of Volunteers to educate people regarding
vii) Proper use of drinking water.
viii) Empowerment to the villagers for maintenance of the above facilities for availability
of water.
C. Health Care organizing, health awareness Camps on:
i) AIDS TB and Leprosy
ii) Social evils like alcohol, smoking, drug abuse etc.
iii) Child and Mother care
iv) Diet and Nutrition.
v) Blood donation camps.
vi) Diabetics detection & Hypertension Camps

vii) Family Welfare.
viii) Senior Citizen Health Care Wellness Clinics.
ix) Fully equipped Mobile Medical Vans.
x) Tele medicine
xi) To supplement the different programme of Local/State Authorities.
xii) Along with De addiction centers
D. Environment:
i) Organizing sensitizing programmes on Environment Management and
ii) Pollution Control.
iii) Green belt Development
iv) A forestation, Social Forestry, Check Dams, Park.
v) Restoration of mined out lands.
vi) Development of jobs related to agro product i.e., Dairy/Poultry/farming and others.
vii) Plantation of saplings producing fruit.
viii) Animal care.
E. Social Empowerment:
i) Self /Gainful Employment Opportunities Training of Rural Youth for Self

Employment (TRYSEM) on Welding, Fabrication, and other Electronic appliances.
ii) To provide assistance to villagers having small patch of land to develop mushroom
farming, medicinal plants, farming & other cash crops to make them economically
dependent on their available land resources.
iii) Training may be provided by agricultural experts for above farming.
iv) Organizing training programmes for women on tailoring Embroidery designs,
v) Home Foods/Fast Foods, Pickles, Painting and Interior Decoration and other
vi) Vocational Courses.
vii) Care for senior citizens.
viii) Adoption/construction of Hostels (specially those for SC/ST &girls)
ix) Village Electricity/Solar Light
x) To develop infrastructural facilities for providing electricity through Solar Lights or

alternative renewal energy to the nearby villages. Recurring expenditure should be borne
by the beneficiaries.
xi) Pawan Chakki as alternative for providing electricity in villages, etc.
Functions of Corporate social Responsibility committee:
The CSR committee will recommend a formal CSR Policy, this document and
will recommend particular CSR activities, set forth a budget, describe how the company
will implement the project, and establish a transparent means to monitor progress.
Administration of Corporate social Responsibility projects:
The Corporation can meet its CSR obligations by funneling its activities on its
own or through a third party, such as a society, trust, foundation or Section 8 company
(i.e., a company with charitable purposes) that has an established record of at least five
years in CSR-like activities. Companies may also collaborate and pool their resources,
which could be especially useful for small and medium-sized enterprises. Managing
Director will have the power to sanction any project for CSR up to a limit of 7.5 lakhs,
above which Boards approval will be required to sanction the amount.
Implementation:
a) The investment in CSR should be project based and for every project time framed
periodic mile stones should be finalized at the outset.
b) Project activities identified under CSR are to be implemented by Specialized Agencies

and generally NOT by staff of the organization. Specialized Agencies could be made to
work singly or in tandem with other agencies.
c) Such specialized agencies would include:

i) Community based organization whether formal or informal.
ii) Elected local bodies such as Panchayats
iii) Voluntary Agencies (NGOs)
iv) Institutes/Academic Organizations
v) Trusts, Mission etc.
vi) Self-help groups
vii) Government, Semi Government and autonomous Organizations.
viii) Standing Conference of Public Enterprises (SCOPE) .
Funding:
1. As per the regulations the company will set aside, for annual CSR activities, an
amount equal to 2% of the average net profits of the Company made during the three
immediately preceding financial years. Any unutilized CSR allocation fund of a
particular year, will be carried forward to the next financial year i.e. the CSR budget will
be non lapsable in nature.
2. The tax treatment of CSR spent will be in accordance with the Income Tax Act,
1961 as may be notified by the central board of Direct taxes.
Budget:
I. The Company Board of Directors shall ensure that in each financial year the
Company spends at least 2% of the average Net Profit made during the three immediate
preceding financial years.
Net profit means the net profit as per the financial statement of the company prepared
in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Act, but shall not include the
following:
(i) Any profit arising from any overseas branch or branches of the company, whether
operated as a separate company or otherwise, and
(ii) Any dividend received from other companies in India which are covered under and
complying with the provisions of section 135 of the Act.
II. As per section 135 of the Companies Act, the Company will report reasons for
under spending of the allocated CSR budget of the current financial year in the template
provided by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. This reporting will be done Annual Report
and signed off by the Board of Directors.
III. In case of any surplus arising out of CSR projects the same shall not form part
of business profits of the Company.
IV. The Company may collaborate or pool resources with other companies to
undertake CSR activities, through any non-profit organization, if required.
Amendments to the policy:
The Board of Directors on its own and/or on the recommendation of CSR

committee can amend its policy as and when required deemed fit. Any or all provisions
of CSR Policy would be subjected to revision/amendment in accordance with the
regulations on the subject as may be issued from relevant statutory authorities, from time
to time.
Benefits of Corporate social Responsibility:
According to a Business Respect article, corporate social responsibility is the

continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic
development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as
well as of the local community and society at large. In the same article, a wide CSRs
definition is that CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce
an overall positive impact on society.
First, CSR can provide a lot of benefits to business because companies can
enhance their brand image and reputation through positive CSR activities. Basically,
most people can easily think that the company is an organization that only pursues
themselves profits, thus having some trouble maintaining a good company reputation in
the capitalist society. It is not easy to keep a good company image without a specific
measure such as CSR in the capitalist societies. Accordingly, every company tries to seek
how to make a great company image. It is a best choice to commit CSR to enhance
company reputation. Second, businesss volunteerism which is performed by company
members especially employees gives advantage to corporation through improving
employee skills and training, and encouraging employee teamwork and employees pride
about the company. This is because employees can gain different knowledge, information
and skills through volunteerism programs at various fields. Third, CSR offers profit to
company through achieving high productivity and good quality. Corporate environmental
responsibility and consideration can improve productivity and reduce cost.
1. Win new business.
2. Increase customer retention.
3. Develop and enhance relationships with customers, suppliers and networks.
4. Attract, retain and maintain a happy workforce and be an employer of choice.

5. Save money on energy and operating costs and managing risk.
6. Differentiate yourself from your competitors.
7. General innovation and learning and enhance your influence.
8. Improve your business reputation and standing.
9. Provide access to investment and funding opportunities
About the SHANTHI GEARS Ltd:
Shanthi Gears is the unique gateway to a wide range of power transmission

products which includes gears, gear boxes, geared motors and gear assemblies both
standard and custom-made.
Vision of the Shanthi Gears:
To be the No.1 company that manufacturers Gears, Gear Boxes, Geared Motors,
Gear Assemblies both standard and custom-built to customers expectation.
Mission of the Shanthi Gears:
By recognizing manpower as the prime mover to organizational goals, we duly

motivate them to do their jobs extra-ordinarily well with optimum creativity and
productivity
Ethos of the Shanthi Gears:
Shanthi Gears is firmly committed to achieve customer delight by.
Deliver the best products at the most economic prices
Ensure prompt delivery
Follow fair minded business practices for the good of all stake holders
QMS QUALITY POLICY
The efforts of all at Shanthi Gears are directed towards:
Designing, Developing and Manufacturing Standard and Customized Products

meeting safety, statutory and regulatory requirements akin to International Quality
Levels at Competitive Prices with Timely Deliveries by increased Efficiency and
Infusion of Quality Consciousness at all rank and file.
Delighting the Customers and the Employees by Continuously meeting and
Improving upon agreed Requirements.
Acting upon Customer Problems with Speed, Courtesy and Competence.
Ultimately ensuring total customer satisfaction
VARIANT CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES IN

COIMBATORE:
ACC: It was the very first recipient of India's first ever CSR award instituted by
ASSOCHAM in 1976 which was the ASSOCHAM National Award for outstanding
performance in promoting rural and agricultural development activities. Today we have
one of the countrys leading CSR engagements. In keeping with this tradition, the
company has a team of young CSR specialists based at our corporate office and factories
who serve the neighboring community that comprises the weaker sections of rural and
tribal India to provide them some access to basic amenities, health, education, women
empowerment and livelihoods.
PRICOL: With Pricols longstanding commitment to social and employee

welfare, we are determined to help create a better society. As good corporate citizens, we
feel responsible to actively contribute our best efforts to enhance the environment. Pricol
group has initiated We care, a program which involves in the CSR activities. As part of
We care, we continuously hold a variety of events that are in alignment with the above
mentioned purpose. They focus area of adopting and supporting needy orphanages and
schools. Creating a greener environment. Providing medical aid for unreached rural areas.
Conducting awareness campaigns.
CRF MILLS: It has always believed in giving back to the community and people
and has a strong sense of corporate social responsibility attached to its operations and
thinking. The magnanimous and caring thinking and attitude of the top management has
influenced the thinking of all the staff and workers. CRF Mills has never ignored its
connection to nature since the very raw material that is used is wheat. Thus, its foray into
renewable energy generation and green energy was inevitable to protect the environment
and play its part in the efforts to have a greener and cleaner planet for the future. The
wind energy generated by the windmills owned by CRF Mills is used to run the food
processing unit thus creating a green footprint right from the beginning. From providing
free food, boarding and lodging for any poor worker in need to periodically donating
flour to temples and trusts for free distribution, CRF Mills has created a very strong
image for itself in the society.
CRI PUMPS: It has been deeply committed to bettering its immediate community
and environment. For C.R.I., education has been a top priority and the management is
actively involved in partnering with 8 schools across Coimbatore and the neighbouring
regions. From lending complete infrastructure support like the Drinking water facility,
construction of toilets, Laboratory, Noon meals centre and storage facility, Erection of
compound walls, to instituting facilities like computers and modern teaching aids and
other sports materials. C.R.I. has been striving to fulfil the thirst of education in the
socially and economically backward areas.
Through the years, C.R.I. has also helped the schools upgrade class strength and thereby
reach out to more children from the backward regions. The management at C.R.I. takes
keen interest in monitoring the progress of the schools and offers vocational training and
higher education opportunities to deserving students from these institutions.
All employees of C.R.I. actively contribute to the Corporate Social Responsibility
initiatives of the company and this has helped it establish a work environment that works
towards community development as passionately as it does towards organisational
growth.
Education will continue to be one of the most significant contributions of the
organisation.
ROBERT BOSCH Engineering and Business Solutions Private Limited through the
years has been loyal to the fundamentals that drive the Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) charter. The Social Responsibility charter is aligned to their vision towards
extending Smart Solutions to create long lasting value to the society. Our initiatives in
the areas of education and environment are towards creating sustainable benefits and
ensuring a better and greener tomorrow. All our CSR projects come with an employee
engagement plan, thereby also sensitizing our associates on this topic.
In Education we support: Scholarship of Meritorious Students, Create Model Schools,

Sports for Development and Children with Disabilities. Our focus towards Environment
has been to create a clean and green neighborhood by Planting trees, Developing parks,
Restoring rivers / lakes , Improving sanitation, Initiating methods to Reduce, Recycle and
Reuse Waste and Conserving animals and wildlife.
VENSARS TECHNOLOGY: This company employees volunteer with local

orphanages, senior citizen homes and societies for prevention of cruelty towards animals,
provide them with financial assistance and their support. During Vensar special events,
some Non-Profits and NGOs are invited to participate in fund raising for their missions.
Vensar also raise money/make donations to help disaster victims. To improve
community living standards, Vensar regularly holds health and fitness events like blood
donation camps, etc. Vensars is dedicated to preserving our environment. By adapting to
new energy efficient technology and continually educating ourselves on the issues,
Vensar is constantly evolving and becoming more environmental friendly every day.
Vensar has undertaken internal initiatives around Green mission to reduce our carbon
footprint. These initiatives include but not limited to, Recycling, Disposing Old
Equipment, Server Virtualization, Energy Efficient Equipment, Remote Access, to name
a few. Car pooling is a common feature amongst Vensar staying in neighboring locals.
ROOT: Social responsibility and the will to serve immediate communities are
both values deeply embedded in the DNA of the Roots Group. From implementing
environment safety norms to devising policies for judicious use of resources within the
organisation, Roots and its team takes its commitment to betterment seriously. A pre-
determined percentage of the total group turnover has always been allocated to
community development causes. Roots Care Trust has five divisions that focus on key
areas of social development: environment, medical, education, social and spiritual. All
members of the Roots community volunteer in medical camps and take an active role in
spreading awareness of diseases and disorders. Education initiatives include providing
uniforms and study support material, addressing basic infrastructure in local schools and
construction of amenities like toilets and water tanks for the schools. Academically
brilliant students are encouraged to pursue higher education and are funded by the Trust.
Social development is focused on the adopted village of the group

Kathirnaickenpalayam. From building toilets and other sanitation facilities, members of
the group have been able to magically transform the hamlet. Roots is a powerful
propagator of road safety. In liaison with the government and traffic divisions of
Coimbatore city, the group embarked on a series of road safety signboards. Members also
volunteer at traffic signals during peak hours, to ease out traffic. Every member of the
group engages in active tree planting and awareness programmes on environmental
preservation.
SALARPURIA SATTVA: our building process is within humanistic and

socially responsible framework. The aim is to minimize environmental impact through
stringent adherence to environment protocol process such as reducing the use of material
that harm the environment, option for alternative technology where it is possible -
rainwater harvesting, garbage recycle management systems, construction waste
management protocol, reduction of noise pollution through the construction process and
through social initiatives within the communities that we develop. Salarpuria Sattva our
building process is within humanistic and socially responsible framework. The aim is to
minimize environmental impact through stringent adherence to environment protocol
process such as reducing the use of material that harm the environment, option for
alternative technology where it is possible - rainwater harvesting, garbage recycle
management systems, construction waste management protocol, reduction of noise
pollution through the construction process and through social initiatives within the
communities that we develop.
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IN INDIA:
When we talk about education in India we cant just talk about how education is
in urban cities of India, without going deep into rural education that constitutes almost
90% of the schools being located in rural areas. Recent studies have shown how the face
of education in rural parts of the country have developed to a great extent, but some
remote areas still do need a serious checkup with children failing to receive basic quality
education. Quality and access to education is the major concern in rural schools as there
are fewer committed teachers, lack of proper text books and learning material in the
schools. Though Government schools exist, but when compared to private schools then
quality is a major issue.
Majority of people living in villages have understood the importance of education

and know that it is the only way to get rid of poverty. But due to lack of money they are
not able to send their children to private schools and hence depend upon government
schools for education. Above that, in some of the government schools there is only one
teacher for the entire school and if they dont show up at work, then it is a holiday. Some
government schools in rural India are overly packed with students, leading to a distorted
teacher- student ratio. In one such remote village there are more than 300 students in
class X which makes nearly 100 students in each classroom. In such a situation it is
impossible for teachers to pay full attention towards each and every student, even if they
are willing to help. Every village is not provided with school which means that students
have to go to another village to get education.
Owing to this parents usually do not send their daughters to school, leading to a
failure in achieving rural education in India. Poverty is another setback. Government
schools are not as good and private schools are expensive. This results in a very low
number of students actually clearing their secondary education and taking admission in
colleges for further studies. So the drop-out-rate at the secondary level is extremely high
in villages. Only parents who can afford college education send their kids to secondary
schools. If parents are not able to send their wards for higher education then all their
previous efforts get wasted as completing just secondary education means a low paying
job and the person is again struck in the same never ending cycle of money, life and
poverty.
Most textbooks are in English and since people in rural areas either speak their
native language or Tamil, but not English that defeats the purpose. This results in lack of
their interest in studies. Though some of the students from villages are really brilliant, as
they have a wealth of practical knowledge and know how to survive even in very harsh
conditions of life, difficultly in understanding their textbooks, lack of facilities and their
poverty are a hurdle in their education. Quality related issues are far powerful than
poverty. Students are not at all encouraged to think but they are asked to memorize pre-
defined questions for exams. So for many students clearing examination at the end of the
session, passing their exam becomes more important than gaining knowledge. Also as per
the new CBSE rule, every student is supposed to be promoted to the next class
irrespective of marks in their examination. Hence majority of students do not bother to
study, which means a decline in their education level. Neither students nor teachers take
any interest in studies which is why the level of education is declining in India despite
many efforts. The foundation to turn India into a strong nation has to be laid down at
primary and rural levels and so the quality of education right from the beginning should
be excellent. Education and text books should be made interesting. For rural students
textbooks related to their culture, their traditions and values should also be there so as to
create their interest in studies. The reasons behind so many drop-outs in spite of free
education should be found out as this is a hurdle on the road to progress. Improvement in
the condition of government schools, education quality, committed teachers and more
salaries to these teachers should be part of development. There is a difference between
city and village student not in terms of brain or development but their initial environment,
skills, learning ability, availability of infrastructure, and access to different facilities.
All of these must be considered while making the curricula which should not be
different but how it is going to be taught would make the difference. Encourage the
genuine rural students who are interested in education and make them competent. Let us
try to build a solution around these problems which will resolve the overall issues of rural
education in India.
The most common problems that hinders the growth of education in

rural India:
Lack of proper transportation. Most villages have poor connectivity from one
place to another and that is often one of the main reason why, despite efforts by
local governing bodies to build schools, often go in vain. Children, most of the
time has to walk miles to reach these government funded schools and this often
de-motivate them to attend school on a regular basis.
People belonging to remote rural areas have meager incomes, which at times is
too less to sustain a family of maybe four or five. Most likely, children from these
families wont be sent to schools, instead would be asked to assist the earning
member of the family to add up some extra income. On the other hand, teachers in
rural educational centers in villages are paid poorly, often leading to lack
of attention by teachers, ultimately forcing the students to suffer.
Lack of proper infrastructure at these rural schools is also a big concern. Most of
the schools dont have proper classrooms, teaching equipment, playgrounds and
even basic facilities like clean toilets. Thus, the poor condition of schools is big
reasons to drive away students.
HEALTH LEVEL IN INDIA:
Healthcare is the right of every individual but lack of quality infrastructure,

dearth of qualified medical function-arise, and non- access to basic medicines and
medical facilities thwarts its reach to 60% of population in India. A majority of 700
million people lives in rural areas where the condition of medical facilities is deplorable.
Considering the picture of grim facts there is a dire need of new practices and procedures
to ensure that quality and timely health-care reaches the deprived corners of the Indian
villages.
Though a lot of policies and programs are being run by the Government but the
success and effectiveness of these programs is question-able due to gaps in the
implementation. In rural India, where the number of Primary health care centers (PHCs)
is limited, 8% of the centers do not have doctors or medical staff, 39% do not have lab
technicians and 18% PHCs do not even have a pharmacist. India also accounts for the
largest number of maternity deaths. A majority of these are in rural areas where maternal
health care is poor. Even in private sector, healt h care is often confined to family planning
and antenatal care and do not extend to more critical services like labor and delivery,
where proper medical care can save life in the case of complications.
Due to non accessibility to public health care and low quality of health care ser-
vices, a majority of people in India turn to the local private health sector as their first
choice of care. If we look at the health landscape of India 92 percent of health care visits
are to private providers of which 70 percent is urban population. However, private health
care is expensive, often unregulated and variable in quality. Besides being unreliable for
the illiterate, it is also unaffordable by low income rural folks. To control the spread of
diseases and reduce the growing rates of mortality due to lack of adequate health facilities,
special attention needs to be given to the health care in rural areas. The key challenges in
the healthcare sector are low quality of care, poor account-ability, lack of awareness, and
limited access to facilities. Various organizations are coming together for improvements
in health care and technology plays a crucial role to facilitate this. Information and
communications Technology provides hosts of solutions for successful implementation of
these changes.
Healthcare in Indian Villages as per National Rural Health Mission

Report:
Rural Health centers are critically short of trained health medical person.
8% primary health centers do not have doctors.
39% PHCs do not have lab Technicians.
18% PHCs do not have a pharmacist.
31% of the population travels more than 30 kms to seek healthcare in rural India
66% of rural Indians do not have the access to the critical medicines.
Majority of people die due to preventable and curable diseases like diarrhea,
measles and typhoid.
Conclusion:
Hence this study going to help to know about the Scopes for Corporate social
responsibility at the villages. Hope this will find out the various needs and necessary
facilities of the villages. And this study will give suggestions for, what are all the
benefits should be provide through the CSR activities in different areas by the Shanthi
Gears Ltd to the village people. It can help to know about the important and role of
Human Resource department in the Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives with
greater involvement of the employees.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The review of literature helps the researcher to have an in-depth knowledge about
the subject. A thorough review of the literature will expose the researcher to previous
researcher conducted, their area of study etc, the literature on previous study will help the
researcher on the limitations of the study and there by the researcher could take measure
to overcome them.
Windsor (2001) The future of Corporate Social Responsibility or the

relationship between business and society in long run. The researcher tried to find out
that whether the organization and society will come closer to each other in future or not
and what will be the changing phase of CSR. With the help of history or past trend of
CSR, Carols model analysis and in global context, the researcher found three emerging
alternatives of CSR i.e. conception of responsibility, global corporate citizenship,
stakeholder management practices.
Nigel Sarbutts (2003) The way of doing CSR by small and medium sized
companies. The research depicted that a structured approach to managing corporate
reputation and profit maximization of SMEs through CSR. The societal activities of
small and medium sized companies is based on their cost is Benefit Analysis. Small
Corporation always struggle for more reputation and minimization of risk. In such a
situation, CSR comes as hope for these companies. Large companies have so many
resources for implementing CSR activities but SMEs have less resource. It can be a
barrier for them to stay in the market. So, in that situation by imparting much
information, proper utilization of resources, doing well for businesses, SMEs can
minimize their risk and manage CSR.
Moon (2004),Role of government in driving corporate social responsibility

among the corporate. The study explained that the drivers of CSR are related with
business and society. Business includes its reputation, corporation itself, employees
relation knowledge, goals etc. further, the study cleared that government is driver of CSR
by making this relationship true and fair through making through making policies and
regulations. The study also embarked other countrys situation that how their government
entered into businesses for driving CSR.
Paul c. Godfrey, Nile a. Hatch & Jared m. Hansen (2005) Concept of

Corporate Social Responsibility, In this paper, they reframe CSR into a number of
discrete Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSRs), each of which can have a positive or
negative social impact, and each of which has an endogenous managerially driven
component, and an exogenous stakeholder driven component. Using an industry-level
sample drawn from the KLD data base, they test the impact of hypothesized drivers of
CSR on various CSRs.
Samuel O. Idowu (2007), with their study of twenty companies in U.K.,

propounded that the U.K. companies has now become ethical in the content of social
responsibility as companies disclose its CSR with a view of public benefits, government
request and issue information to stakeholders because the companies think that
stakeholders of twenty first century are better educated them past.
Irina Soboleva (2007) Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been a subject
of broad public and academic discussion. The author argues that the key criterion for
CSR is direct (non-market-based) cooperation among all stakeholders, cooperation that to
a large extent shapes the behavior of the firm and therefore includes ethical and social
concerns in the decision-making process. On the basis of this criterion, three levels of
CSR are distinguished. The main factors that are gradually shaping the Russian model of
CSR are emphasized. It is shown that lack of state social expenditure and a coherent
system of benefits for socially responsible firms, coupled with the persistence of
paternalistic relations, hinder and bias the development of socially responsible behavior
at all levels. The author argues that CSR practices can be effectively realized only if
accompanied by a coherent state social policy.
Shah, Bhaskar (2010), has taken a case study of public sector undertaking i.e.
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. in their research work. The research has discussed
that there is a broad relationship between the organization and society. Organization has
its existence only with the society. Organization used the resources/inputs of the society
like material and human etc. In reverse, the organization provides services to the society.
From the case study of the BPCL, it was found that company has taken a lot of initiatives
in order to serve the society.
Mc William & S. Seigal (2010), Importance of CSR as a strategy of enhancing

reputation of companies. The study indicated that firms selling convincing goods which
comes under the umbrella of CSR activities, leads to consumer loyalty and increased
revenue. Further the study also indicated the importance of advertising for providing
information to consumers about the social welfare activities of the firm. Beside this the
study also included the importance of media and T.V etc. in order to aware the consumers
about firms activities and increasing as well damaging the reputation. In this way the
study concluded about the reputation of firm through CSR.
Hartman (2011), Corporate social Responsibility in the food sector in

European review of agriculture economics journal, analyzed the importance of CSR in
food sector, particularly those companies which have high brand. CSR is an important
part of these companies. But SMEs are less capable in discharging their obligation
towards society. Further, the research found that food sector always tries to improve the
controlling and discharging its services towards consumers. Consumers also prefer those
brands or food firms which give preference to CSR activities and provide good product
and services.
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam (2012) The economic Times, news highlighted the views
of former president Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam in a CSR award function organized by industry
body Assoc ham. Kalam said that companies should devote some part of its goal to
corporate services. It should make mandatory for all the companies to spend a percentage
of its profit on corporate social responsibility. Kalam also discussed about the proposed
bill on corporate spending on CSR. They assumed greater importance of CSR in building
the lives of the countrys citizens.
Bhattacharyya & Chaturvedi (2012), CSR looks set to emerge as an

independent stream with measurable output on India CSR site, stated about the proposed
bill of CSR that how the bill will affect the companys policies. The researchers
presented their views and said that due to this bill, companys activities will change a lot
the companies who has not engaged in CSR activities till now, will start investing on
society. Further, who has already engaged in these areas will get a strong foundation or
bond with the society.
Caroline Flammer, Jiao Luo (2017), Corporate Social Responsibility as an

employee governance tool. This study examines whether companies employ corporate
social responsibility (CSR) to improve employee engagement and mitigate adverse
behavior at the workplace (eg, shirking, absenteeism). We exploit plausibly exogenous
changes in state unemployment insurance (UI) benefits from 1991 to 2013. Higher UI
benefits reduce the cost of being unemployed and hence increase employees' incentives to
engage in adverse behavior.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction:
Research methodology is away to systematically solve the problem. It may

be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. It is necessary
for the researcher to know not only the research methods and techniques but also the
methodology. The procedures by which researchers go about their work of describing,
explaining and predicting phenomena are called methodology. All the methods used by
social scientist in their fact finding mission constitute methodology.
A research can be defined as a scientific and systematic search for

pertinent information on a specific topic. Redman and Morry defined as a systematic
efforts to gain new knowledge. According to Clifford Woody, research comprises define
and redefining problems, suggestion, solution, organizing and evaluating data making
deductions and researching conclusion.
Title of the study:
A STUDY ON SCOPE FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

ACTIVITIES IN ARASUR VILLAGE, COIMBATORE DISTRICT
Need of the study:
The research is on finding the scope for Corporate Social Responsibility activities
in rural areas. It leads to build talent strategies around their organizations social and
environmental commitments to the Human Resource professionals
The research is on finding the needs and facilities on Education and Health
among the Arasur village people. It helps to identify, what are all urge needs in village
and what necessary facilities to be provide for Education and Health by the Corporate
Social Responsibility activities.
This study gives clear idea about the level of Educational & Health awareness,
Level of Accessibility to Education & Health and opinions about the Availability on
Education & Health facilities among the village people.
Objectives of the study:
1. To know about the socio-economic profile of the respondents.

2. To identify the Educational and Health facilities among the respondents.
3. To find out the Educational & Health needs of the respondents.
4. To find out the difference between types of village Educational needs and
facilities.
5. To find out the difference between types of village Health needs and facilities.
Hypotheses:
1. There is no significant different between types of village and awareness on

education of the respondents.
2. There is no significant different between types of village and accessibility to
3. There is no significant different between types of village and availability on
4. There is no significant different between types of village and awareness on
Health of the respondents.
5. There is no significant different between types of village and accessibility to
6. There is no significant different between types of village and availability on
Research Design:
A research design is a logical and systematic plan prepared for directing a research
study. It specifies the objectives of the study, the methodology and techniques to be
adopted for achieving the objectives. It constitutes the blue print of the collection,
measurement and analysis data. A good research design minimizes bias and maximizes
the reliability of the data collected and analyzed.
Descriptive research design suits this study, because it deals with the presentation
of the educational and health needs of the village people. Descriptive study has a focus
on particular dimension of the problem. Descriptive research is conclusive in nature as
opposed to exploratory. This means that descriptive research gathers quantifiable
information that can be used for statistical inference on your target audience through
data analysis. As a consequence this type of research takes the form of closed ended
questions, which limits its ability to provide unique insides. Descriptive is by far the
most commonly used form of research.
Sampling Procedure:
Shanthi Gears Ltd select the Arasur block to apply the CSR activities, so in the
present study, the researcher selected four villages in Arasur block with
purposively.
In each village 15 respondents were taken as samples for the study from the
action team of the village.
Thus Disproportionate stratified random sampling procedure was applied.
The researcher has chosen to collect data from that four village people (Action
Team of Village) and size of sampling is 60.
Universe:
The universe of the study consists of the village people. The researcher
approached the action committee members of the village for collecting data.
Pre-Test:
Pretesting is the process of an advance testing the design of the study after the
interview schedule has been prepared. Pre-testing helps in detecting the discrepancies that
have crept in and to remove them after necessary modifications in the interview schedule.
Pre-testing carried out for ten samples. Based on the suggestion given by supervisor and
faculty guide necessary a change was done in the interview schedule.
Tools for Data Collection:
The interview schedule was used to collect the data from the respondents. The
interview schedule method was adopted for data collection. The interview schedule
consists of three parts. The researcher used self-structured questionnaire.
The first part consists of personal data of the respondents like age,
occupation, status of house etc.,
The second part is the tool is Educational facility
The third part is the Health facility of the village.
DATA COLLECTION
Primary data:
In this study researcher collected data by through schedules method. Researcher used
interview schedules containing relevant questions. After getting approval from the guide,
data collection was done from 21.01.2017 to 24.01.2017. Researcher went to respondents
with these schedules and collect Data by filling up the schedules by researcher on the
basis of replies given by respondents. For this data collection the researcher approached
four sub-villages at Arasur village in Coimbatore gets the data for research purpose.
Secondary Data:
Secondary sources consist of the reports, documents, project records and literature
pertaining to the subject from the Government, Schools and stakeholders associated with
these villages.
Data Analysis and Interpretation:
In order to make interpretation, the data collected were coded and transferred into
simple tables by using statistical package for social sciences.
Difficulties encountered by the researcher
Some of the major difficult encountered during the data collection the time limit
given to meet the respondents was very less
The researcher was able to see the action team members with particular time
period.
The researcher had difficulty to convince the respondents about the purpose of the
study.
Chapterization:
Chapter 1 Deals with Introduction, Operational Definitions, Significance and

Statement of the study.
Chapter 2 Deals with Review of Literature.
Chapter 3 Deals with Research Methodology.
Chapter 4 Deals with Analysis and Interpretation of data.
Chapter 5 Deals with Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion.
Conclusion:
Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It
may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. Research
methodology has many dimensions and research methods do constitute a part of the
research methodology. The logic behind the methods we use in the context of our
research study and explain only we are using a particular method or technique and why
we are not using others so that research results are capable of being evaluated of either by
researcher herself or by others.
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRITATIONS
TABLE 1
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR AGE
S.No Age (years) Frequency Per cent
21-30 9 15
1
20 33
2 31-40
17 28
3 41-50
14 24
4 More than 50
Total 60 100
The above table interprets that 33 Per cent of the respondents belong to 31-
40years, 28 Per cent of the respondents belong to 41-50years, 24 Per cent of the
respondents belong to more than 50 years and 15 Per cent of the respondents belong to
21-30 years. It also shows majority of the respondent of the village belongs to age group
31-40 years, respectively.
TABLE 2
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SEX
S.No Sex
Frequency Per cent
Male 33 55
1
27 45
2 Female
Total 60 100
The above table interprets that 55 Per cent of the respondents are males and 45
Per cent of the respondents are females. This shows that majority of the respondents are
Males.
TABLE 3
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR RELIGION
S.No Religion
Frequency Per cent
Hindu 59 98
1
1 2
2 Christian
Total 60 100
The above table interprets that 98 Per cent of the respondents belong to Hindu by
religion and 2 Per cent of the respondents belong to Christian by religion. This shows
majority of the respondent in village belongs to Hindu by religion.
TABLE 4
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR MARITAL STATUS
S.No Marital Status

Frequency Per cent
1 Married
52 87
2 Unmarried
8 13
Total
60 100
The above table interprets that 87 Per cent of the respondents are married and 13
Per cent of the respondents are not married. This shows majority of the respondents are
married.
TABLE 5
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR OCCUPATION
S.No Occupation Frequency Per cent
1 Agriculture 13 22
2 Factory Worker 22 36
3 Own Business 19 32
4 Government sector 6 10
Total 60 100
The above table shows that 36 Per cent of the respondents are working as a factory
workers, 32 Per cent of the respondents doing their own business, 22 Per cent of the
respondents working in agricultural field and 10 Per cent of the respondent are
Government staff members. This shows majority of the respondent are factory workers.
TABLE 6
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EDUCATIONAL

QUALIFICATION
S.No EDUCATIONAL
Qualification Frequency Per cent
1 Illiterate 12 20
2 Primary 9 15
3 Secondary 20 33
4 Higher secondary 9 15
5 Graduated 10 17
Total 60 100
The above table interprets that 33 Per cent of the respondent have studied
Secondary level, 20 Per cent of the respondent are illiterate, 17 Per cent of the respondent
are graduated, 15 Per cent of the respondent have studied Higher Secondary level and
15Per cent of the respondent have studied primary level Education. Most of the
respondent (33%) belongs to Secondary level educaton.
TABLE 7
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR STATE OF HOUSE
S.No State of House

Frequency Per cent
1 Own house
47 78
2 Rented house
13 22
Total
60 100
The above table interprets that 78 Per cent of the respondents are having own
house and 22 Per cent of the respondents are living in rented house. This shows majority
of the respondent have own house.
TABLE 8
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR TYPE OF HOUSE
S.No Type of House Frequency Per cent
1 Thatched House 5 8
2 Tiled house 42 70
3 Terraced house 13 22
Total 60 100
This table show that 70 Per cent of the respondents are living in the type of tiled
house, 22 Per cent of the respondents are living in the type of terraced house and 8 Per
cent of the respondents are living in the hut. This shows majority of the village
respondent living in the tiled house.
TABLE 9
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR TYPE OF FAMILY
S.No Type of Family Frequency Per cent
37 62
1 Nuclear family
23 38
2 Joint family
60 100
Total
The above table interpret that 62 Per cent of the respondents belong to Nuclear
family system and 38 Per cent of the respondents belong to joint family. This shows
majority of the respondent are living nuclear family system.
TABLE 10
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR MONTHLY INCOME
Frequency Percent
S.No Income (in Rupees)
1 Rs.2000 to Rs.6000 22 37
24 40
2 Rs.6000 to Rs.10,000
14 23
3 more than Rs.10,000
60 100
Total
The above table interpret 40 Per cent of the respondents were drawing salary
between Rs.6000-10000, 37 Per cent of the respondent were drawing low salary between
Rs.20000 - Rs.6000 and 23 Per cent of the respondent were drawing high salary above
Rs.10000. This shows majority of the respondent belong to moderate salary scale.
TABLE 11
LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL AWARENESS
IN ARASUR VILLAGE, OF COIMBATORE DISTRICT.
S.No Educational Awareness

Frequency Per cent
1 High 3 5
2 Moderate 21 35
3 Low 36 60
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 60 per cent of the respondents have scored low level of
educational awareness, 35 per cent of the respondents have scored moderate level of
educational awareness and 5 per cent of the respondents have scored high level of
educational awareness in their Educational awareness assessment. This table shows that,
respondents have low level of educational awareness in this village.
TABLE 12
LEVEL OF ACCESSIBILITY TO EDUCATION
S.No Accessibility to Education Frequency Percent
1 High Nil Nil
2 Moderate 39 65
3 Low 21 35
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 65 per cent of the respondents have scored moderate level
of accessibility to Education, 35 per cent of the respondents have scored low level of
accessibility to Education and there is no high level of accessibility to education among
the respondent. This table shows that more than half of the respondents know about
accessibility to Education.
TABLE 13
OPINION ABOUT THE AVAILABLE FACILITIES FOR EDUCATION IN
ARASUR VILLAGE, OF COIMBATORE DISTRICT.
S.No Available facilities for

Education Frequency Percent
1 Good 1 2
2 Okay 8 13
3 Not Good 51 85
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 51 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for education is not good. 13 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for education is Okay and 2 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for education is good in their Availability for education assessment. This
table shows that, the village people are not satisfied with Educational availability.
TABLE 14
LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON HEALTH
S.No Awareness on Health Frequency Percent
1 High 9 15
2 Moderate 21 35
3 Low 30 50
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 50 per cent of the respondents have scored low level of
Health awareness, 35 per cent of the respondents have scored moderate level of Health
awareness and 15 per cent of the respondents have scored high level of Health awareness
in their Health awareness assessment. This table shows that, half of the respondents have
low level of awareness on Health.
TABLE 15
LEVEL OF ACCESSIBILITY TO HEALTH
S.No Accessibility to Health Frequency Percent
1 High 24 40
2 Moderate 24 40
3 Low 12 20
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 40 per cent of the respondents have scored moderate level
of accessibility to Health, 40 per cent of the respondents have scored high level of
accessibility to Health and 20 per cent of the respondents have scored low level of
accessibility to Health in their accessibility to Health assessment. This table shows that,
most of the respondents know about how to access the Health facilities.
TABLE 16
OPINION ABOUT THE AVAILABLE FACILITIES FOR HEALTH
S.No Available facilities for

Health Frequency Percent
1 Good 11 18
2 Okay 22 37
3 Not Good 27 45
Total 60 100
The table interprets that 45 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for Health is not good. 37 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for Health is Okay and 18 per cent of the respondents have said about
availability for Health is good in their Availability for Health assessment. This table
shows that, nearly half of the respondents are not satisfied with the availability of Health
facilities.
TABLE 17
ANOVA TABLE SHOWING THE COMPARISON OF MEANS BETWEEN TYPE

OF VILLAGE AND AWARENESS ON EDUCATION OF THE RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF AWARENESS ON EDUCATION

VILLAGE Mean N Std.Deviation
Village1 5.9333 15 1.33452
Village2 6.4000 15 1.54919
Village3 6.6667 15 2.09307
Village4 6.8000 15 1.82052
Total 6.4500 60 1.71163
ANOVA for Awareness on Education

Awareness
on Sum of Mean
education Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between
6.583 3 2.194 .739 .533
Groups
Within
166.267 56 2.969
Groups
Total 172.850 59
The one way ANOVA test was applied to find out whether there is significant
different between type villages and awareness on Education. It was found there is no
significant difference between type villages and awareness on Education. Hence, the null
hypothesis is accepted. Which proves that awareness on education is differ from each other
villages.
TABLE 18

OF VILLAGE AND ACCESSIBILITY TO EDUCATION OF THE
RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF ACCESSIBILITY TO EDUCATION

Village1 4.4000 15 1.72378
Village2 6.9333 15 1.27988
Village3 6.4000 15 1.54919
Village4 5.7333 15 1.83095
Total 5.8667 60 1.83623
ANOVA for Accessibility to Education

Accessibility Sum of Mean
to education Squares df Square F Sig.
Between
53.867 3 17.956 6.931 .000
Groups
Within
145.067 56 2.590
Groups
Total 198.933 59
different between type villages and accessibility on Education. It was found there is highly
significant difference between type villages and accessibility to Education. Hence, the null
hypothesis is rejected. Which proves that accessibility to education is differ from each
other villages.
TABLE 19

OF VILLAGE AND AVAILABILITY ON EDUCATION OF THE
RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF AVAILABILITY ON EDUCATION

Village1 8.2667 15 1.48645
Village2 5.3333 15 1.63299
Village3 7.8667 15 1.59762
Village4 7.8667 15 1.59762
Total 7.3333 60 1.93686
ANOVA for Availability on Education

Availability
on Sum of Mean
education Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between
81.600 3 27.200 10.901 .000
Groups
Within
139.733 56 2.495
Groups
Total 221.333 59
different between type villages and availability on Education. It was found there is highly
significant difference between type villages and availability to Education. Hence, the null
hypothesis is rejected. Which proves that availability on education is differ from each other
villages.
TABLE 20

OF VILLAGE AND AWARENESS ON HEALTH OF THE RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF AWARENESS ON HEALTH

Village1 5.6000 15 2.02837
Village2 5.0667 15 1.83095
Village3 4.5333 15 2.06559
Village4 4.8000 15 1.97122
Total 5.0000 60 1.96581
ANOVA for awareness on health

Awareness Sum of Mean
on Health Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between
9.333 3 3.111 .797 .501
Groups
Within
218.667 56 3.905
Groups
Total 228.000 59
different between type villages and awareness on Health. It was found there is no
significant difference between type villages and awareness on Health. Hence, the null
hypothesis is accepted. Which proves that awareness on Health is differ from each other
villages.
TABLE 21

OF VILLAGE AND ACCESSIBILITY TO HEALTH OF THE RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF ACCESSIBILITY TO HEALTH

Village1 6.0000 15 1.51186
Village2 8.0000 15 2.13809
Village3 5.8667 15 1.59762
Village4 6.5333 15 1.40746
Total 6.6000 60 1.85216
ANOVA for Accessibility to Health

Accessibility Sum of Mean
to Health Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between
42.933 3 14.311 5.026 .004
Groups
Within
159.467 56 2.848
Groups
Total 202.400 59
different between type villages and accessibility on Health. It was found there is highly
significant difference between type villages and accessibility to Health. Hence, the null
hypothesis is rejected. Which proves that accessibility to Health is differ from each other
villages
TABLE 22

OF VILLAGE AND AVAILABILITY ON HEALTH OF THE RESPONDENTS
TYPE OF AVAILABILITY ON HEALTH

Village1 6.4000 15 1.54919
Village2 3.8667 15 1.59762
Village3 5.4667 15 1.40746
Village4 5.3333 15 1.79947
Total 5.2667 60 1.80270
ANOVA for Availability on Health

Availability
on Health Sum of Mean
Squares df Square F Sig.
Between
49.333 3 16.444 6.467 .001
Groups
Within
142.400 56 2.543
Groups
Total 191.733 59
different between type villages and availability on Health. It was found there is highly
significant difference between type villages and availability to Health. Hence, the null
hypothesis is rejected. Which proves that availability on Health is differ from each other
villages.
CHAPTER- V
FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Findings are statements of factual information based upon the data analysis.
Suggestions and recommendations constitute the action plan put forward to the policy
makers and uses of research findings. Conclusions are inferences or generalizations
drawn from the findings.
MAJOR FINDINGS
Findings related to personal profile:
It was found majority of the respondent (33%) belongs to the age group of 31-40
years respectively.
It was found more than half of the respondent (55%) belongs to the gender of
Male.
It was found vast majority of the respondent (98%) belongs to Hindu by religion.
It was found majority of the respondents (87%) are married.
It was found most of the respondents (36%) are factory workers.
It was found most of the respondent (33%) has studied Secondary level Education.
It was found majority of the respondents (78%) have own house.
It was found majority of the respondents (70%) are living in Tiled house.
It was found more than half of the respondent (62%) belongs to the Nuclear family
system.
It was found most of the respondents (40%) were drawing salary between
Rs.6000-10000
Findings related to Education and Health:
It was found Majority of the respondents (75%) have primary school in their village.
It was found least of the respondents (25%) have middle school in their village.
It was found Majority of the respondents (75%) have only Mobile clinic in their
village.
It was found least of the respondents (25%) have private clinic in their village.
It was found most of the respondents (60%) have low level of educational awareness
in this village.
It was found more than half of the respondents (65%) know about accessibility to
Education.
It was found most the respondents (85%) are not satisfied with Educational
availability.
It was found half of the respondents (50%) have low level of awareness on Health.
It was found most of the respondents (40%) know about how to access the Health
facilities.
It was found nearly half of the respondents (45%) are not satisfied with the
availability of Health facilities.
From the ANOVA test, it was found there is no significant difference between type
villages and awareness on Education.
From the ANOVA test, it was found there is highly significant difference between
type villages and accessibility to Education.
From the ANOVA test it was found there is highly significant difference between
type vill ages and availability to Education.
From the ANOVA test it was found there is no significant difference between type
villages and awareness on Health.
type villages and accessibility to Health.
type villages and availability to Health.
SUGGESTION:
The project village has low level of Educational awareness and Health facilities,
so it is necessary to create the awareness program on educational and health importance,
among the village people. Because of lack of awareness, the village people dont know
about the facilities and how to access the facilities.The awareness should start from the
school and family level for the children and the parents. Shanthi Gears organization can
join with a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) and give awareness regarding with
government schemes for education and how to access the facilities on Education &
Health. They can give awareness program on Environment pollution and planting trees.
According to Corporate Social Responsibility policy, it is necessary to provide the

various facilities on Education & Health to these villages. Shanthi Gears Ltd can help to
construct the class rooms, Library, toilet facilities and other infrastructure for the schools.
They can start Primary Health Centre for the people especially for the pregnant women.
In every village they can construct public toilets, provide public dustbins, proper drinking
water facility, and conduct periodical Health camps to the village people.
COCLUSION:
If the Villages Perish, India will perish too - Gandhi
Villages where the true heart of Indian lies, So we should uplift the rural people for the
better socio-economical, social, cultural development through the Corporate Social
Responsibility activities. HR needs to influence attitude of people and link employees
with top management for the greater cause of CSR and these projects come with an
employee engagement plan, thereby also sensitizing our associates on this topic.
Researcher found lack of Educational awareness and health facility in these villages, so
the researcher gives some suggestions to solve the present problem and improve the
village people life, to the Shanthi Gears Ltd. Through Corporate Social Responsibility
programmes, Giving Awareness and providing facilities for Education and Health, which
makes the sustainable development in the village. Shanthi Gears Ltd can be entities in
identifying villages and looks to holistically develop them. Holistic village development
aims at Systematic and systemic approach of organized activities, leading to an inclusive
growth for a participative, empowered, sustained and self reliant village community. This
area in which HRM finds increased application is corporate social responsibility. As
organizations are seeking to make their CSR activities more value based and highlight
their culture and vision, greater and more direct involvement of employees is required.
The researcher has done this research as a model for a social change in our rural areas.
Hence we can develop each and every rural area by the CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY projects.
SCOPE FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES IN THE
ARASUR VILLAGE, COIMBATORE DISTRICT.
INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
I. Personal Information
1. Age (In years) : a) 20-30 b) 30-40 c) 40-50
d) More than 50
2. Sex : a) Male b) Female
3. Religion : a) Hindu b) Christian c) Muslim
4. Marital status : a) Married b) Unmarried
5. Occupation : a) Agriculture b) Factory worker
c) Own business d) Govt. Staff
6. Educational Qualification: a) Illiterate b) Primary c) Secondary
d) Higher Secondary e) Graduated
7. Status of House : a) Own house b) Rented
8. Type of House : a) Thatched house b) Tiled house
c) Terraced house
9. Type of Family : a) Joint family b) Nuclear family
10. Monthly Income : a) Rs.2000 6,000 b) Rs.6,000 10,000
c) More than 10,000
II.Education:
Do you have the following Educational Institutions in your village..?
i. Anganwadi School : a) Yes b) No
ii. Primary School : a) Yes b) No
iii. Middle School : a) Yes b) No
iv. Secondary School : a) Yes b) No
v. Higher Secondary School : a) Yes b) No
vi. ITI / Polytechnic : a) Yes b) No
a) Awareness on Education:
1) Do you believe education is important for development..?
a) Yes b) No
2) Are you aware about higher education and its benefits..?
a) Yes b) No
3) Is value education provided through present academic curriculum?
Yes b) No
4) Are you aware of Government scholarships provided for education?
a) Yes b) No
5) Is there any School dropout in your village..?
a) Yes b) No
b) Accessibility to Education:
1) Do you think that teachers in the school are student centered?

a) Yes b) No
2) Do your children find difficulties in reaching the school?
a) Yes b) No
3) Do you think your children need evening tuition for easy access to education?
a) Yes b) No
4) Does your village school organize health camps for your children?
a) Yes b) No
5) Do your children receive all the aids provided by the government?
a) Yes b) No
c) Availability of Educational facilities:
1) Does the school have drinking water facility for children?
a) Yes b) No
2) Does the school have separate toilet facility for boys and girls..?
a) Yes b) No
3) Do the children have sufficient classroom facility in the school?
a) Yes b) No
4) Do the children have sufficient teachers in the school?
a) Yes b) No
5) Do the children have the library facility in the school?
a) Yes b) No
III. Health and Sanitation Facility:
Do you have the following health Institutions in your village..?
a) Primary Health center : a) Yes b) No
b) Rural Hospital : a) Yes b) No
c) Government Dispensary : a) Yes b) No
d) Private clinic : a) Yes b) No
e) Veterinary clinic : a) Yes b) No
f) Mobile Clinic : a) Yes b) No
a) Awareness on Health:
1) Do you receive any awareness on mosquito related disease..?
a) Yes b) No
2) Are you aware of kapettu thittam scheme provided by the state government?
a) Yes b) No
3) Are you aware about the factors of malnutrition and its prevention methods?
a) Yes b) No
4) Are you aware of personal hygiene?
a) Yes b) No
5) Are you aware of Swachh Bharat Mission?
a) Yes b) No
6) Are you aware of pollution caused by the usage of plastics?

a) Yes b) No
7) Are you aware of environmental pollution that leads to loss of health?

a) Yes b) No
b) Availability of Health:
1) Do you have toilet facility in your home?
a) Yes b) No
2) Do you have public toilet with necessary water facility in your village?
a) Yes b) No
3) Do you have proper drainage facility in your village?
a) Yes b) No
4) Do you get pure drinking water in your village?
a) Yes b) N
5) Do you have ambulance facility in your village?
a) Yes b) No
6) Do you have kitchen garden in your home?
a) Yes b) No
7) Do you have public dustbins in your street?
a) Yes b) No
c) Accessibility to Health facilities:
1) Are you satisfied with the facilities provided in the hospital?

a) Yes b) No
2) Do the hospital staff members come to hospital regularly?
a) Yes b) No
3) Do you have access to vaccination/immunization provided by the hospital?
a) Yes b) No
4) Can pregnant woman avail required medical facility for delivery?
a) Yes b) No
5) Do you think you can grow more trees in your village?
a) Yes b) No
6) Do you have sufficient access to pure drinking water in the village?
a) Yes b) No
7) Do you have access periodic health camps and social awareness program in your
locality?
a) Yes b) No

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A STUDY ON SCOPE FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

ACTIVITIES IN ARASUR VILLAGE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO

Under the Guidance of

A Dissertation submitted to the Bharathiar University in partial fulfillment of the

MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

COIMBATORE 641 018

I would like to express my sense of gratitude to Principal Dr. Mrs. Jemimah

I extend my sincere thanks to Mrs. Esther Shalini, Assistant Professor, and

A special gratitude goes to my beloved family for their support. Im whole

INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE STUDY

CSR IN HUMAN RESOURCE

THE GLOBAL CONTEXT

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

FUNCTIONS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

AMENDMENTS TO THE POLICY

BENEFITS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

SHANTHI GEARS LIMITED

VARIANT CORPORATE SOCIAL

EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IN INDIA

THE MOST COMMON PROBLEMS THAT

HEALTH LEVEL IN INDIA

HEALTHCARE IN INDIAN VILLAGES AS

III REERACH METHODOLOGY 32-37

TITLE OF THE STUDY

NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

1 Age distribution of the respondents 39

2 Sex of the respondents 40

3 Religion of the respondents 41

4 Marital status of the respondents 42

5 Occupation of the respondents 43

6 Qualification of the respondent 44

7 Respondents state of house 45

8 Respondents type of house 46

9 Respondents type of family 47

10 Income of the respondents 48

11 Level of educational awareness 49

12 Level of accessibility to education 51

13 Available facilities for education 53

14 Level of Health awareness 55

16 Available facilities for Health 59

The comparison of means between

FIGURE TITLE PAGE NUMBER

1 Age distribution of the respondents 39

2 Sex of the respondents 40

3 Religion of the respondents 41

4 Marital status of the respondents 42

5 Occupation of the respondents 43

6 State of house of the respondents 45

7 Type of house of the respondents 46

8 Awareness on education of the respondents 50

9 Accessibility on education of the respondents 52

10 Availability on education of the respondents 54

11 Awareness on health of the respondents 56

12 Accessibility on health of the respondents 58

13 Availability on health of the respondents 60

Introduction about the study: