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TheReviewonAntimicrobialResistancehasnowcompleteditswork.Thecontentofthiswebsiteisfrozenasan
archiveoftheReviewswork,andwillnotbeupdatedfurther.ThelegacyoftheReviewwillbemaintainedbyits
Reviewadvisorygroup
sponsororganisations,theWellcomeTrustandtheUKDepartmentofHealth.
Reviewteam
ForqueriesaboutthelegacyoftheReview,orformediaenquiriesfortheReviewsformerchair,JimONeillonly,
pleasecontact,pleasecontactinfo@amrreview.org.

TheReviewonAntimicrobialResistance(AMR),wascommissionedinJuly2014bytheUKPrimeMinister,whoaskedeconomistJimONeillto
analysetheglobalproblemofrisingdrugresistanceandproposeconcreteactionstotackleitinternationally.TheReviewonAMRwasjointly
supportedbytheUKGovernmentandWellcomeTrust,althoughoperatedwithfullindependencefromboth.Establishedasatwoyear,timelimited
process,theReviewengagedwidelywithinternationalstakeholderstounderstandandproposesolutionstotheproblemofdrugresistantinfections
fromaneconomicandsocialperspective,andproduceditsfinalreportandrecommendationsinthesummerof2016.

Ifwefailtoact,wearelookingatanalmostunthinkablescenariowhereantibioticsnolongerworkandweare
castbackintothedarkagesofmedicine"DavidCameron,FormerUKPrimeMinister

Therealimplicationsofspreadingdrugresistancewillbefelttheworldover,withdevelopingcountriesandlargeemergingnationsbearingthebrunt
ofthisproblem.Routinesurgeriesandminorinfectionswillbecomelifethreateningonceagainandthehardwonvictoriesagainstinfectious
diseasesofthelastfiftyyearswillbejeopardized.Hospitalstaysandexpenses,forbothpublichealthcareprovidersandforoutofpocketpayers
willincreasesignificantly.Drugresistantinfectionsarealreadyontherisewithnumberssuggestingthatupto50,000livesarelosteachyearto
antibioticresistantinfectionsinEuropeandtheUSalone.Globally,atleast700,000dieeachyearofdrugresistanceinillnessessuchasbacterial
infections,malaria,HIV/Aidsortuberculosis.

TheReviewonAMRhasbeenassessingsolutionstoavoidtheseterriblecosts,producingthematicpaperslookingatallaspectsoftheproblems
raisedbydrugresistanceincludingthesupplyofnewdrugs,theuseofdiagnostics,surveillance,infectioncontrol,alternativetreatmentsandthe
useofantibioticsinagriculture.ThesethemeswillformthebasisofthefinalreporttotheUKPrimeMinister,withrecommendationsforglobal
solutions,bythesummerof2016.

Wehavereachedacriticalpointandmustactnowonaglobalscaletoslowdownantimicrobialresistance
ProfessorDameSallyDavies,UKChiefMedicalOfficer

May19,2016TacklingDrugResistantInfectionsGlobally:finalreportandrecommendations

ThisreportoutlinestheReviewsfinalrecommendations.Itfirstdiscussesthemountingproblemof
resistanceandwhyactionisneededtocombatitandthenprovidesanoverviewofthesolutions
thattheReviewthinksshouldbeimplementedtocurtailunnecessaryuseandincreasethesupply
ofnewantimicrobials.Itthenlooksattheroleofpublicawarenesscampaigns,theneedtoimprove
sanitationandhygiene,reducepollutionfromagricultureandtheenvironment,improveglobal
surveillance,introducerapiddiagnosticsandvaccines,theneedtoincreasethenumberofpeople
inthisarea,anduseofmarketentryrewardsandaninnovationfundtogeneratemoredrugs.
Finallythepaperexamineshowthesesolutionscanbefundedandlooksatwaystobuildpolitical
consensusaroundthem.

SupportingDocuments

CommissionedstudybyDr.NimalanArinaminpathytheimpactofdiagnosticsandnew
Weusecookiesonthissitetoenhanceyourexperience
treatmentsagainstTBmainreport.
Yes,Iagree
CommissionedstudybytheFoundationforInnovativeNewDiagnostics(FIND),intothefuture
Byclickinganylinkonthispageyouaregivingyourconsentforustoset
cookies. ofTBdiagnosticsmainreport.
No,Iwanttofindoutmore
CommissionedpaperbyReActActiononAntibioticResistanceStrategicPolicyProgramand
CenterforaLivableFutureintheDepartmentofEnvironmentalHealthSciences,Johns
HopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealthmainreport.
CommissionedstudybyKatyTurneretal.intotheimpactofrapiddiagnosticsagainst
gonorrheamainreportandthemodelused.
StudybyLSEMastersinPublicAdministrationstudentsonthecostandbenefitofWASH
interventionsinBrazil,India,NigeriaandIndonesiamainreport.
CommissionedstudybyNIHRDiagnosticEvidenceCooperativeOxford,intothefutureof
diagnosticsforantimicrobialsmainreport.
CommissionedstudybyPierreNouvelletetal.intotheimpactofnewdrugsandbetter
diagnosticsinthetreatmentofE.Colimainreport.

Translationsoftheintroductionandexecutivesummaryareavailableinthefollowing
languagesArabic,Chinese,French,Japanese,PortugueseandSpanish.

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