Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Issue 05
Date 2016-12-30
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Contents
1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Intended Audience.......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Change History............................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types....................................................................................................................... 3
2 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 4
3 Technical Description...................................................................................................................6
3.1 Basic Concepts............................................................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 CE................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
3.1.2 CE Sharing in a Resource Group.................................................................................................................................6
3.1.3 NodeB CE Capacity Specifications........................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 CE Consumption Rules................................................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 Admission and Congestion Control Based on CE Resources...................................................................................... 18
3.3.1 Admission Control.....................................................................................................................................................18
3.3.2 Basic Congestion Control.......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.4 CE Overbooking........................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.5 Admission-CE-based TTI Adjustment......................................................................................................................... 19
3.6 Dynamic CE Resource Management for HSUPA........................................................................................................ 20
3.7 Licensed CE Capacity Alarm....................................................................................................................................... 20
4 Parameters..................................................................................................................................... 21
5 Counters........................................................................................................................................ 34
6 Glossary......................................................................................................................................... 35
7 Reference Documents................................................................................................................. 36
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the basic concepts related to channel element (CE) resources and
basic methods of managing and controlling CE resources.
NE Type NE Model
l Feature change
Changes in features and parameters of a specified version
l Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information and any related parameters affected by
editorial changes
RAN16.0 05 (2016-12-30)
Compared with Issue 04 (2016-10-31) of RAN16.0, Issue 05 (2016-12-30) of RAN16.0
includes the following changes.
RAN16.0 04 (2016-10-31)
Compared with Issue 03 (2016-02-29) of RAN16.0, Issue 04 (2016-10-31) of RAN16.0
includes the following changes.
RAN16.0 03 (2016-02-29)
This issue includes the following changes.
RAN16.0 02 (2014-12-11)
This issue includes the following changes.
RAN16.0 01 (2014-04-30)
This issue does not include any changes.
2 Overview
CE resources are a type of NodeB hard resource. The number of CEs a NodeB supports
indicates the channel demodulation capabilities of the NodeB. The more CEs a NodeB
supports, the more powerful its channel demodulation and service processing capabilities.
Services at different rates require different numbers of CEs to ensure proper channel
demodulation.
In a RAN, both the RNC and NodeB manage CE resources, as shown in Figure 2-1. The
process is divided into the following stages:
l The NodeB reports its CE capacity to the RNC.
l The RNC determines whether to admit a new service based on the number of CEs that
need to be consumed and controls CE resources when CE resources are insufficient. This
ensures the proper use of CE resources.
l The NodeB dynamically manages CE resources and rapidly adjusts the number of CEs
that can be consumed based on the actual service rate. This increases CE resource usage.
CE Overbooking is introduced in RAN 14.0. When NodeB credit resources are insufficient
during UE access and the uplink HSUPA throughput is low, this feature can:
l Improve the admission capability of RNC credit resources, allowing more UEs to be
admitted to a NodeB.
l Enable more UEs to use the 2 ms transmission time interval (TTI), increasing the UE
throughput.
Proper use of CE resources increases the number of UEs that can be admitted and improves
the service quality to the admitted UEs. This document describes the basic concepts of CE
resources and several methods of CE resource management.
3 Technical Description
3.1.1 CE
CE is a basic unit that measures the channel demodulation capabilities of a NodeB. CEs are
classified into uplink (UL) CEs and downlink (DL) CEs.
l A UL 12.2 kbit/s voice service (SF = 64) plus 3.4 kbit/s signaling needs to consume one
UL CE.
l A DL 12.2 kbit/s voice service (SF = 128) plus 3.4 kbit/s signaling needs to consume one
DL CE.
If a DCH or HSPA channel only carries 3.4 kbit/s signaling traffic, it still needs to consume
one CE. The number of CEs that services of other types need to consume can be calculated by
analogy.
The number of UL and DL CEs a NodeB supports is determined by the NodeB hardware
capabilities and the licensed CE capacity. The number of UL and DL CEs the NodeB
hardware supports is called the physical CE capacity. The licensed CE capacity may differ
from the physical CE capacity. The smaller determines the number of CEs that can be used by
an operator.
CE is a concept on the NodeB side. On the RNC side, it is called NodeB credit. The RNC
performs admission and congestion control based on the NodeB credit. In the UL, the number
of NodeB credit resources is twice that of CEs. In the DL, the number of NodeB credit
resources equals that of CEs.
NOTE
Micro base stations are integrated small-cell base stations in which the uplink resources and downlink
resources form respective resource groups by default without manual configuration.
l Multiple baseband processing units can be configured for one uplink resource group.
Only the WBBPf4 board can be configured for two uplink resource groups. All other
baseband processing units can be configured only for one uplink resource group.
Run the ADD ULGROUP command to add baseband processing units for the
BTS3812AE, BTS3812E, and DBS3800 to uplink resource groups.
Run the ADD BASEBANDEQM command to add baseband processing units for the
3900 series base station, DBS3900 LampSite base station, and micro base station to
uplink resources groups.
l Multiple cells can be configured for one uplink resource group.
The ULGROUPNO parameter specifies the uplink resource group whose uplink CE
resources can be used by a cell under the BTS3812AE, BTS3812E, and DBS3800. The
ULBASEBANDEQMID parameter specifies the uplink resource group whose uplink CE
resources can be used by a cell under the 3900 series base station, DBS3900 LampSite
base station, and micro base station. One cell can be configured for only one uplink
resource group.
NOTE
It is good practice to add intra-frequency cells to the same uplink resource group to make softer
handovers feasible.
UEs under a cell served by an uplink resource group can occupy the resources of any
baseband processing unit in the group. That is, UEs under a cell served by an uplink resource
group share the CE resources of all baseband processing units in the group.
The physical CE capacity of an uplink resource group is the sum of physical CE capacities of
all baseband processing units in the group.
l Multiple baseband processing units can be configured for one downlink resource group.
One baseband processing unit can only be configured for one downlink resource
group. For the BTS3812AE, BTS3812E, and DBS3800, run the ADD DLGROUP
command to add a baseband processing unit to a downlink resource group.
For the 3900 series base station and DBS3900 LampSite base station, run the ADD
BASEBANDEQM command to add a baseband processing unit to a downlink
resource group.
l Multiple cells can be configured for one downlink resource group.
The DLGROUPNO parameter specifies the downlink resource group whose downlink
CE resources can be used by a cell under the BTS3812AE, BTS3812E, and DBS3800.
The DLBASEBANDEQMID parameter specifies the downlink resource group whose
downlink CE resources can be used by a cell under the 3900 series base station,
DBS3900 LampSite base station, and micro base station. One cell can be configured for
only one downlink resource group.
NOTE
It is good practice to add all baseband processing units to the same downlink resource group.
UEs under a cell served by a downlink resource group can occupy the resources of any
baseband processing unit in the group and share the CEs of all baseband processing units in
the group. The hardware capability of the baseband processing unit where the cell is set up
limits the number of CEs of a downlink resource group that a cell can use. The details are as
follows:
An example is as follows:
A WBBPb3 board and a WBBPb4 board are configured for one downlink resource group.
Cell 1 is served by F1 in the downlink resource group and is configured on the WBBPb3
board. Cell 2 is served by F2 in the downlink resource group and is configured on the
WBBPb4 board, as shown in Figure 3-2.
l At most, cell 1 can use 384 CE resources of the downlink resource group.
l At most, cell 2 can use 384 CE resources of the downlink resource group.
l At most, cell 1 and cell 2 can simultaneously use 640 CE resources of the downlink
resource group. The combined resources which cell 1 and cell 2 use cannot be greater
than the total number of the CE resources on the WBBPb3 board and WBBPb4 board.
NOTE
The WBBPa board cannot share CE resources with other types of baseband processing units.
If a baseband processing unit in a downlink resource group is unavailable, due to issues such as board
failure, the UEs served by cells set up on the baseband processing unit and the UEs occupying the CE
resources of the baseband processing unit will experience call drops.
l The NodeB detects that the CE resources of a baseband processing unit are insufficient
for CE sharing.
l The number of online CS users in the downlink resource group is less than or equal to
CSUSERNUM and the number of online PS users is less than or equal to
PSUSERNUM.
This function enables the UEs to be evenly distributed among the baseband processing units
in a downlink resource group.
The RNC reports EVT-28202 Local Cell Rebuild once automatic cell rehoming is
implemented. Setting both CSUSERNUM and PSUSERNUM to 0 prevents call drops caused
by automatic cell rehoming.
CE capacity here refers to the number of CEs that can be consumed by UL and DL R99
services and HSUPA services. It does not include CE resources reserved by the NodeB for
common and HSDPA channels.
When a service is established, consumed CEs need to be lent. When a service is deleted,
consumed CEs need to be recorded. CE consumption rules vary with different traffic
channels.
Figure 3-3 describes CE consumption rules for different traffic channels. Grey boxes indicate
the channels for which CEs are reserved and yellow boxes indicate the channels that consume
the uplink or downlink CEs.
Note that the signaling of an HSDPA UE that is not performing an R99 service occupies one
DCH and needs to consume one DL CE. If the SRB over HSDPA function is enabled, the
signaling of an HSDPA service does not consume additional CEs. For an HSDPA UE that is
performing an R99 service, its signaling and the R99 service occupy the same DCH.
Therefore, only the CEs consumed on R99 traffic channels need to be calculated.
UL 3.4 256 1 2 2 4
13.6 64 1 2 2 4
8 64 1 2 2 4
16 64 1 2 2 4
32 32 1.5 3 2 4
64 16 3 6 3 6
128 8 5 10 5 10
144 8 5 10 5 10
256 4 10 20 10 20
384 4 10 20 10 20
NOTE
l As described in Table 3-1, 3.4 kbit/s and 13.6 kbit/s indicate the CE consumption when only SRB
rather than TRB is involved during RRC connection setup. When TRB is involved, CE consumption
includes TRB and SRB and the SRB is carried only at the rate of 3.4 kbit/s.
l In RAN16.0 or later versions, the same consumption rule applies to UBBP boards with four RX
antennas and two RX antennas. The consumption rule shown in Table 3-1 applies only to WBBPb,
WBBPd, and WBBPf boards.
l The WBBPa board uses different CE consumption rules for HSUPA services from other boards. For
details, see Table 3-7.
DL 3.4 256 1 1
13.6 128 1 1
8 128 1 1
16 128 1 1
32 64 1 1
64 32 2 2
128 16 4 4
144 16 4 4
256 8 8 8
384 8 8 8
NOTE
If the UL enhanced L2 function is disabled, the RLC PDU size is fixed. The bit rate of one RLC PDU is
determined by the RLC PDU size and transmission time interval (TTI).
l If the UL enhanced L2 function is enabled and the NodeB indicates in a private IE that
dynamic CE resource management has been enabled in the cell, the RNC calculates the
SF based on the Max (one min RLC PDU, GBR).
NOTE
If the UL enhanced L2 function is enabled, the RLC PDU size is flexible. The bit rate of the smallest
RLC PDU is determined by the minimum RLC PDU size and the TTI. The minimum RLC PDU size
can be specified by the RlcPduMinSizeForUlL2Enhance(BSC6900,BSC6910) parameter.
l If the NodeB reports that dynamic CE resource management has been disabled, the RNC
calculates the SF based on the MBR.
l If the NodeB does not report whether dynamic CE resource management has been
enabled, the RNC calculates the SF based on the value of the
HsupaCeConsumeSelection(BSC6900,BSC6910) parameter and whether the UL
enhanced L2 function is enabled.
If HsupaCeConsumeSelection(BSC6900,BSC6910) is set to MBR, the RNC
calculates the SF based on the MBR.
If HsupaCeConsumeSelection(BSC6900,BSC6910) is set to GBR:
a. If the UL enhanced L2 function is disabled, the RNC calculates the SF based on
the Max (one RLC PDU bit rate, GBR).
b. If the UL enhanced L2 function is enabled, the RNC calculates the SF based on
the Max (one min RLC PDU bit rate, GBR).
After the RNC determines the SF based on the service rate, the 3900 series base station,
DBS3900 LampSite base station, and micro base station configured with WBBPb, WBBPd,
and WBBPf boards obtain the number of CEs to be consumed according to the mapping rules
in Table 3-3, Table 3-4, Table 3-5, and Table 3-6. The same consumption rule applies to
UBBP boards with four RX antennas and two RX antennas. The WBBPa board uses different
CE consumption rules for HSUPA services from other boards. For details, see Table 3-7.
The 3900 series base station, DBS3900 LampSite base station, and micro base station support
WRFD-010212 Improved CE Mapping for E-DCH, which improves the CE efficiency of
HSUPA services and saves operators' investment.
Table 3-3 CE consumption of HSUPA services (10 ms TTI, SRB over DCH)
Directio Rate Rate SF Two RX Antennas Four RX Antennas
n (kbit/s) (kbit/s)
Number Number Number Number
SF > SF = of CEs of of CEs of
MinSF MinSF Consum Credits Consum Credits
ed Consum ed Consum
ed ed
UL 32 64 32 1 2 2 4
64 128 16 2 4 2 4
128 256 8 4 8 4 8
608 608 4 8 16 8 16
NOTE
l For HSUPA services, if SRBs are carried over DCHs, each SRB consumes an extra CE.
l As listed in Table 3-3, the rate in the SF = minSF column indicates the maximum typical rate
supported by the corresponding SF when an HSUPA service is admitted at the MBR, and the rate in
the SF > minSF column indicates the maximum typical rate supported by the corresponding SF
when the HSUPA service is admitted at the Max (one RLC PDU bit rate, GBR). For example, if an
HSUPA service is admitted at the MBR, the maximum typical rate supported by SF4 is 608 kbit/s.
l If a rate is not listed in the preceding table, the number of CEs consumed corresponds to the larger
rate specified in the table. For example, in scenarios of two RX antennas, if an HSUPA service is
admitted at the MBR of 384 kbit/s, the HSUPA service matches SF4 and consumes 8 CEs and 16
credit resources, which corresponds to the MBR of 608 kbit/s.
l In RAN16.0 or later versions, the same consumption rule applies to UBBP boards with four RX
antennas and two RX antennas. The consumption rule shown in Table 3-3 applies only to WBBPb,
WBBPd, and WBBPf boards.
UL 608 608 4 8 16 8 16
NOTE
l For HSUPA services, if SRBs are carried over DCHs, each SRB consumes an extra CE.
l In RAN16.0 or later versions, the same consumption rule applies to UBBP boards with four RX
antennas and two RX antennas. The consumption rule shown in Table 3-4 applies only to WBBPb,
WBBPd, and WBBPf boards.
Table 3-5 CE consumption of HSUPA services (10 ms TTI, SRB over HSUPA)
UL N/A 64 32 1 2 2 4
32 128 16 2 4 2 4
128 256 8 4 8 4 8
608 608 4 8 16 8 16
NOTE
UL 608 608 4 8 16 8 16
NOTE
In RAN16.0 or later versions, the same consumption rule applies to UBBP boards with four RX
antennas and two RX antennas. The consumption rule shown in Table 3-6 applies only to WBBPb,
WBBPd, and WBBPf boards.
Table 3-7 CE consumption of HSUPA services (10 ms TTI, SRB over DCH) (WBBPa board)
UL 32 64 32 2.5 5 4 8
64 128 16 4 8 6 12
128 256 8 6 12 10 20
608 608 4 11 22 18 36
After RNC determines the SF that matches the service rate, check consumed CEs of the
BTS3812AE, BTS3812E, and DBS3800 according to the CE consumption rules shown in
Table 3-8, Table 3-9, Table 3-10, and Table 3-11.
Table 3-8 CE consumption of HSUPA services (10 ms TTI, SRB over DCH)
UL 32 64 32 1.5 3 2 4
64 128 16 3 6 4 8
128 256 8 5 10 8 16
608 608 4 10 20 16 32
UL 608 608 4 10 20 16 32
NOTE
For an HSUPA service, if the SRB over DCH function is enabled, the signaling of the HSUPA service
consumes an additional CE.
Table 3-10 CE consumption of HSUPA services (10 ms TTI, SRB over HSUPA)
Directio Rate Rate SF Two RX Antennas Four RX Antennas
n (kbit/s) (kbit/s)
Number Number Number Number
SF > SF = of CEs of of CEs of
MinSF MinSF Consum Credits Consum Credits
ed Consum ed Consum
ed ed
UL N/A 64 32 1.5 3 2 4
32 128 16 3 6 4 8
128 256 8 5 10 8 16
608 608 4 10 20 16 32
NOTE
UL 608 608 4 10 20 16 32
Examples of CE Consumption
UE A, which performs a UL 64 kbit/s and DL 384 kbit/s service on the DCH, consumes three
UL CEs and eight DL CEs.
UE B, which performs a UL 64 kbit/s service on the DCH and a DL 1024 kbit/s service on the
HS-DSCH, consumes three UL CEs and one DL CE if the DL signaling radio bearer (SRB) is
carried on the DCH.
UE C, which performs an AMR service, a UL 608 kbit/s service on the E-DCH, and a DL
1024 kbit/s service on the HS-DSCH, consumes nine UL CEs and one DL CE.
UE D, which performs a UL 64 kbit/s service on the E-DCH and a DL 1024 kbit/s service on
the HS-DSCH, consumes four UL CEs and one DL CE if the UL SRB is carried on the E-
DCH and DL SRB is carried on the DCH.
Call Admission
CE resources for consumption by common channels and HSDPA services are reserved in
advance. Therefore, UEs requesting common or HSDPA channels do not need to be admitted
based on CE resources.
Admission control based on NodeB credit is performed on the RNC side. It mainly applies to
RRC connection requests, handover requests and non-HSDPA services.
Admission based on NodeB credit is optional in resource admission control. This function is
controlled by the switch parameters
CacSwitch(BSC6900,BSC6910):NODEB_CREDIT_CAC_SWITCH and
NBMCacAlgoSwitch(BSC6900,BSC6910):CRD_ADCTRL. It is recommended that these
two switch parameters are turned on. If these two switch parameters are turned off, excessive
user admission may mean the correctness of the channel demodulation cannot be guaranteed.
For a detailed description of admission control based on NodeB credit, see the Call Admission
Control Feature Parameter Description.
If the preemption fails, queuing is implemented to increase the access success rate of the new
UE.
For a detailed description of preemption and queuing, see the Load Control Feature
Parameter Description.
3.4 CE Overbooking
The RNC reserves a certain amount of credit resources for each admitted UE. To ensure
HSUPA user satisfaction, the RNC reserves more credit resources for HSUPA UEs with a 2
ms TTI. When the total amount of reserved credit resources exceeds a specified threshold, the
RNC rejects new UE access attempts. However, the actual NodeB CE usage is low. This is
because uplink throughput is low in most cases due to the high penetration rate of smart
phones.
To increase the CE usage on the NodeB side and enhance the RNC's capability to perform
admission control based on credit resource usage, you can use the CE Overbooking feature.
With this feature, the NodeB calculates actual credit resource usage of admitted UEs based on
traffic volume and reports the actual credit resource usage to the RNC through a private
interface. The RNC then performs admission control on new UEs based on the reported credit
resource usage.
For a detailed description of CE Overbooking, see the CE Overbooking Feature Parameter
Description.
4 Parameters
ULBAS BTS390 ADD None None Meaning: Indicates the number of the uplink baseband
EBAND 0, ULOCE equipment carrying baseband resources for the local
EQMID BTS390 LL cell. Uplink resources are shared by the cells in an
0 LST uplink baseband equipment.
WCDM ULOCE GUI Value Range: 0~23
A LL
Unit: None
MOD
Actual Value Range: 0~23
ULOCE
LL Default Value: 0
DLBAS BTS390 ADD None None Meaning: Indicates the number of the downlink
EBAND 0, ULOCE baseband equipment carrying baseband resources for
EQMID BTS390 LL the local cell. A local cell can be served by only one
0 LST board in the downlink baseband equipment.
WCDM ULOCE GUI Value Range: 0~23
A LL
Unit: None
MOD
Actual Value Range: 0~23
ULOCE
LL Default Value: 0
SW BTS390 SET None None Meaning: Indicates the automatic cell reestablishment
0, NODEB switch. If this parameter is set to ON, this function
BTS390 RESAL takes effect.
0 LOCRU GUI Value Range: ON(ON), OFF(OFF)
WCDM LE
A Unit: None
LST
NODEB Actual Value Range: ON, OFF
RESAL Default Value: OFF(OFF)
LOCRU
LE
CSUSE BTS390 SET None None Meaning: Indicates the threshold for the number of CS
RNUM 0, NODEB users. If the number of CS users in the downlink
BTS390 RESAL resource group is smaller than or equal to the
0 LOCRU threshold, cells are reestablished automatically.
WCDM LE GUI Value Range: 0~65535
A LST Unit: None
NODEB
RESAL Actual Value Range: 0~65535
LOCRU Default Value: 0
LE
PSUSE BTS390 SET None None Meaning: Indicates the threshold for the number of PS
RNUM 0, NODEB users. If the number of CELL_DCH PS users in the
BTS390 RESAL downlink resource group is smaller than or equal to
0 LOCRU the threshold, cells are reestablished automatically.
WCDM LE GUI Value Range: 0~65535
A LST Unit: None
NODEB
RESAL Actual Value Range: 0~65535
LOCRU Default Value: 0
LE
RlcPdu BSC690 SET WRFD- UL Meaning: This parameter specifies the minimum RLC
MinSize 0 UFRC 010695 Layer 2 PDU size when the UE is in CELL_DCH state and
ForUlL2 Improve UL Layer 2 Enhanced is enabled.
Enhance ment GUI Value Range: 4~402
Unit: byte
Actual Value Range: 4~402
Default Value: 42
RlcPdu BSC691 SET WRFD- UL Meaning: This parameter specifies the minimum RLC
MinSize 0 UFRC 010695 Layer 2 PDU size when the UE is in CELL_DCH state and
ForUlL2 Improve UL Layer 2 Enhanced is enabled.
Enhance ment GUI Value Range: 4~402
Unit: byte
Actual Value Range: 4~402
Default Value: 42
HsupaC BSC690 ADD WRFD- Admissi Meaning: If the NodeB does not adopt the dynamic
eConsu 0 UNODE 020101 on CE algorithm, the HSUPA service consumes CE
meSelec BALGO Control resources based on the consumption mode
tion PARA corresponding to the configured rate type. If the
MOD NodeB adopts the dynamic CE algorithm, the HSUPA
UNODE service consumes CE resources based on the
BALGO consumption mode corresponding to GBR.
PARA GUI Value Range: MBR, GBR
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: MBR, GBR
Default Value: MBR
HsupaC BSC691 ADD WRFD- Admissi Meaning: If the NodeB does not adopt the dynamic
eConsu 0 UNODE 020101 on CE algorithm, the HSUPA service consumes CE
meSelec BALGO Control resources based on the consumption mode
tion PARA corresponding to the configured rate type. If the
MOD NodeB adopts the dynamic CE algorithm, the HSUPA
UNODE service consumes CE resources based on the
BALGO consumption mode corresponding to GBR.
PARA GUI Value Range: MBR, GBR
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: MBR, GBR
Default Value: MBR
5 Counters
6 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
7 Reference Documents
1. 3GPP TS 25.433, "UTRAN Iub interface Node B Application Part (NBAP) signaling"
2. Load Control Feature Parameter Description
3. HSUPA Feature Parameter Description
4. Call Admission Control Feature Parameter Description
5. CE Overbooking Feature Parameter Description
6. HSUPA TTI Selection Feature Parameter Description