A MINI PROJECT REPORT ON

SMART STREET LIGHT

BY

K. BHUVANA SRI

1602-13-733-010

Department of Computer Science &Engineering

VasaviCollege of Engineering
(Autonomous)
Ibrahimbagh, Hyderabad-31

2017
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance from
many people and we are extremely fortunate to have got this all along the completion of our
project work. Whatever we have done is only due to such guidance and assistance and we
would not forget to thank them.

We are highly indebted toMr.Shashi for giving us an opportunity to do the project

andproviding us all support and guidance which made us to complete the project on time.

We are thankful to and fortunate enough to get constant encouragement, support and
guidance from all Teaching staffs of Department of computer science which helped us in
successfully completing our project work. Also, we would like to extend our sincere regards
to all the non-teaching staff of department of computer science for their timely support.
 Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION: ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1 Purpose: ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2 Scope: .......................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations: ................................................ 1

1.4 Overview: ..................................................................................................... 1

2.0 OVERALL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................... 2

2.1 Product Perspective: ...................................................................................... 3

2.2 Product Functions......................................................................................3

3.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................ 4

3.1 Hardware Requirements: ................................................................................ 4

4 SYSTEM DESIGN .............................................................................................. 4

5 CODE .................................................................................................................... 8

6SCREENSHOTS.................................................................................................. 17

7CONCLUSION AND ENHANCEMENTS ............................................................. 18

8 REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 18
1.0INTRODUCTION:

1.1 Purpose:
This world is full of different kind of light sources some are natural ones while others
are man-made light sources. The man-made light sources have only two modes of
operation that is switch on and switch off there is no intermediate level that can be set
according to the surrounding lighting condition and at the end everything needs to be
controlled manually. These lead to wastage of electricity and at the same time a
manual control is not effective in the modern era. The smart street-light system is
implemented on an embedded platform & is equipped with a photo sensitive detector
(LDR) which gives the required input for operation .The working of our light control
system is based on the amount of luminous energy in the environment at that moment
of time. Depending upon the light intensity at that instant the lighting of the lighting
system is adjusted. The embedded main board including the Microcontroller chip,
memory (flash), and communication port are used as a processing module for the
input that we get from peripheral devices (LDR).

1.2 Scope:
In this project, we propose an advanced light control system which is capable of
replacing the old generation light control system. Application of such a system can be
implemented in workstations, park lights, street lighting system, head lights of
automobiles and much more.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations:

IOT Internet Of Things

Sensor To detect events or changes in its environment, and then provide a
corresponding output.
Gateway A Gateway is a forwarding element, enabling various local
networks to be connected.

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Thing It denotes a physical entity
Configuration It means a product which is available / Selected from a catalogue can
be customized.
FAQ Frequently Asked Questions
LDR Light Dependent Resistor
LED Light Emitting Diode

1.4 Overview

Controlling lighting system by means of LDR and Arduino together is relatively a

new concept. coin all the lighting system under one umbrella and use LDR and
Arduino system as their fundamental architecture to control it. Ancient Lighting
system have been confined to two options on and off, due to it had their own share
of disadvantage. This kind of operation meant energy loss due to continuous
operation at maximum voltage though actual requirement might be less depending
upon the outside lighting condition. The simplest solution to it is by calibrating the
lights according to the outside lighting condition. This is what we are aiming for in
our smart lighting system.

OVERALL DESCRIPTION :

Components Used:

Arduino Uno
Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a
sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output
controlling the device, turning on an LED, publishing something online. All
this is defined by a set of instructions programmed throughthe Arduino
Software (IDE).
LDR Sensor:
Light Dependent Resistor(LDR) is a light-controlled variable resistor.

LED Lights:
It is used to indicate the control of street lights.

Bread Board And Connecting Wires:

It is used for the connection of whole circuit

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2.1 Product Perspective:
Sensi Smart is required by the user who feels making their work more easier as they
just need to wear this device to their hand and have the arduino setup with their
homes switch board and then they are ready.

Based on his hand movement which he wishes to happen will be done.

2.2 Product Functions:

Theory of Operation:
As stated earlier our main objective is to provide an efficient & energy saving
lighting system by evaluating the outside lighting condition and then adjusting
the lights accordingly. The circuit mainly consists of a sensing element known
as LDR,which is followed by processing unit Arduino which takes input for
sensing element and gives its output to the LEDS (lighting units).Though
other units like relays, transistors are also be used for higher voltage supply.

The LDR senses the light and sends the data to Arduino. The Arduino analyse
the data and gives its response to the LEDS through the relay mechanism. The
Arduino is programmed in such a way it automatically adjusts the lights to
give most accurate result possible.

3.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

3.1Hardware Requirements:

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- Arduino Uno

- LED

- LDR (photoresistor)

- 220 and 10K resistors

- Wires

- Breadboard

4.SYSTEM DESIGN

ARDUINO:

Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a
button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - turning on an LED,
publishing something online. All this is defined by a set of instructions programmed
throughthe Arduino Software (IDE).

We used Arduino board to reduce the complexity of system design and computational
complexity. An important aspect of the Arduino is its standard connectors, which let
users connect the CPU board to a variety of interchangeable add-on modules
termed shields. Some shields communicate with the Arduino board directly over
various pins, but many shields are individually addressable via an IC serial busso
many shields can be stacked and used in parallel.

The Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital

input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16
MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it
to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started.

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"Uno" means one in Italian and was chosen to mark the release of Arduino Software
(IDE) 1.0. The Uno board and version 1.0 of Arduino Software (IDE) were
thereference versions of Arduino, now evolved to newer releases. The Uno board is
the first in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino
platform; for an extensive list of current, past or outdated boards see the Arduino
index of boards.

Getting Started with Arduino on Windows:

1 | Get an Arduino board and USB cable

2 | Download the Arduino Software (IDE)

3 | Connect the board

4 | Install the drivers

5 | Launch the Arduino application

6 | Open the code

7 | Select your board

8 | Select your serial port

9 | Upload the program

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LED:
LEDs, or lightemitting diodes, are semiconductor devices that produce visible light
when an electrical current passed through them. LEDs are a type of Solid State
Lighting (SSL), as are organic lightemitting diodes (OLEDs) and lightemitting
polymers (LEPs).

USB:

This board converts a USB connection into a 5 volt Serial TX and RX that you can
connect straight to the Arduino Mini, Arduino Ethernet or other microcontrollers,

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allowing them to talk to the computer. It features an Atmega8U2programmed as a
USB-to-serial converter, the same chip found on the Arduino Uno. The '8U2
firmware uses the standard USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed.
However, on Windows, a .inf file is required.

4.LDR

Light Dependent Resistor as the name suggest the resistance is dependent upon the light
incident on it. The light dependent resistor resistance changes with intensity of light, with
increase in light intensity the resistance offered by the sensor decreases and with decrease in
light intensity the resistance offered by the sensor increases. Hence it acts as variable resistor
with change in light intensity. These helps in finding the amount of light intensity at that
instant of time and thus helping in regulating the lighting of our lighting system accordingly.

5.CODE
//set pin numbers
//const won't change
constintledPin = 13; //the number of the LED pin
constintldrPin = A0; //the number of the LDR pin
intldrStatus=0;
int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is
intfadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by

void setup() {

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 Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); //initialize the LED pin as an output
pinMode(ldrPin, INPUT); //initialize the LDR pin as an input
}

void loop() {

ldrStatus = (int)analogRead(ldrPin); //read the status of the LDR value

Serial.println(ldrStatus);
//check if the LDR status is <= 300
//if it is, the LED is HIGH

//analogWrite(led, brightness);

// change the brightness for next time through the loop:

brightness = 500-ldrStatus;
// reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade:

if (ldrStatus<=500) {

digitalWrite(ledPin, brightness); //turn LED on

Serial.println("Evening");

}
else {

digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //turn LED off

Serial.println("Morning");
}
}

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6.CONNECTION AND OUTPUT SCREENSHOTS

CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

OUTPUT:

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7.CONCLUSION AND ENHANCEMENTS

Conclusion:

The project Smart Street Light turns on automatically depending on the

intensity of light in the surrounding thus saving power.

Future Enhancements:

Further enhancements for the project would be to control the level of brightness
using ambient light sensors.

8. References:

1. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Board

2.https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePage

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