COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING)

Electrical Technology

(ECCE 3352)

Lab 2 : DC Motors

Students Name: ID#:

Abdulmalik AlRashdi 103079

Mahir AlQassabi 103519

Anas AlMukhaini 101416

Abdulrahman AlMamary 101216

Said AlHarrasi 102463

We hereby affirm that the work submitted for evaluation is our own original
work and has not been copied from anyone else.

Signatures
Aim :

The purpose of this experiment, let you able to know how the field current
affects the features of a separately-excited dc motor using the DC Motor / Generator
module.
Also will let you be able to demonstrate the main operating features of series, shunt,
and
compound motors.

Introduction :

Transformer A gadget comprising of two or more curls that are utilized to couple
electrical vitality starting with one circuit then onto the next while keeping up
electrical detachment between the two. Primary Winding First twisting of a
transformer that is joined with the source. Auxiliary Winding Output twisting of
transformer that I associated with the load. The proportion of essential voltage to
optional voltage approaches N1/N2, while the proportion of essential to optional
current is equivalent to the converse of the turn's proportion, N2/N1. This results in
the following

Figure 2: Simplified Equivalent Circuit

Figure 1: Simplified DC Motor with an Electromagnet as Stator.
of a DC Motor.

At the point when force for the stator electromagnet is supplied by a different dc
source, either altered or variable, the engine is known as an independently energized
dc engine. Once in a while the term free field dc motors likewise utilized. The present
streaming in the stator electromagnet is regularly called field current in light of the
fact that it is used to make an altered attractive field. The electrical and mechanical
conduct of the dc engine can be understood by analyzing its rearranged comparable
electric circuit indicated in Figure 2.

In the circuit, EA is the voltage connected to the engine brushes, IA is the present
moving through the brushes, and RA is the resistance between the brushes. Note that
EA, IA, and RA are typically referred to as the armature voltage, current, and
resistance, separately. Time is the voltage drop crosswise over the armature resistor.
At the point when the engine turns, an actuated voltage ECEMF relative to the rate
of the motor is delivered.
This actuated voltage is spoken to by a dc source in the disentangled proportional
circuit of Figure 2. The motor likewise builds up a torque T relative to the armature
current IA streaming in the engine. The motor behavior is in view of the two
mathematical statements given underneath. The primary relates engine speed n and
the induced voltage ECEMF, and the second relates the engine torque T and the
armature current IA.

n = K ECEMF 1 and A T = K I 2
where
K1 is a constant expressed in units of r/min/V
K2 is a constant expressed in units of Nm/A

Procedure :
The Separately-Excited DC Motor Coupled to a
Dynamometer was connected as shown in
figure 3. It was used to measure the line current
I1 and the speed of the motor by giving a
different value of the source voltages and the
flux current I2 was fixed .the result shows the
Speed versus Armature Voltage Characteristic of
a Separately-Excited DC Motor table1.
Then the source voltage and the flux current
were fixed .the speed and line current were
changed by changing the value of the torque.
The result shows in table 2 which about the
Torque versus Armature Current Characteristic
of a Separately-Excited DC Motor.

The circuit in figure 4 connected which shows

Series Motor Coupled to a Dynamometer.by
Figure 1: Separately-Excited DC Motor
fixing the armature voltage to 136v and the
starting speed of the motor to be 1500 rpm.
Then by each time the torque was increased by
0.2n.m and the value of the speed and the line
current was measured. The result was recorded
and shown in table 3.

figure 4 is a Shunt Motor Circuit .the circuit was

connected. the source voltage was fixed to be
225v and the flux current was settled to be
210mA. Then by each time the torque was
increased by 0.2n.m and the value of the speed
and the line current was measured. The result Figure 4: Series DC Motor
was recorded and shown in table 4.
the circuit shown in figure 5 as Cumulative-
Compound Motor Circuit a was connected .
the source voltage was fixed to be 225v and
the flux current was settled to be 210mA.
Then by each time the torque was increased
by 0.2n.m and the value of the speed and
the line current was measured. The result
was recorded and shown in table 5.

Figure 5: Shunt Motor

Results :
Table 1: Speed Armature Voltage Characteristic of a Separately-Excited DC Motor

E1 N (rpm) I1 (A) I2(A)

0 0 0 0.140
24 131 0.215 0.140
48 304 0.231 0.140
72 473 0.257 0.140
96 642 0.275 0.140
120 810 0.289 0.140

144 973 0.294 0.140

168 1127 0.306 0.140

129 1290 0.313 0.140

216 1444 0.319 0.140

240 1581 0.320 0.140

Table 2:Torque versus Armature Current Characteristic of a Separately-Excited DC
Motor

T(N.m) E1(v) I1 (A) I2(A) N (rpm)

0.2 225 0.473 0.140 1437

0.4 225 0.624 0.140 1378

0.6 225 0.785 0.140 1335

0.8 225 0931 0.140 1303

1.0 225 1.100 0.140 1269

1.2 225 1.298 0.140 1233

Table 3: speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Series Motor

T(N.m) E1(v) I1 (A) N (rpm)

0.2 136 0.609 1105

0.4 136 0.740 969

0.6 136 0.858 862

0.8 136 0.978 784

1.0 136 1.088 725

1.2 136 1.195 669

1.4 136 1.309 632

1.6 136 1.423 587

 Table 4: speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Shunt Motor

T(N.m) E1(v) I1 (A) I2(A) N (rpm)

0.2 225 0.375 0.140 1437

0.4 225 0.481 0.140 1378

0.6 225 0.614 0.140 1335

0.8 225 0.731 0.140 1303

1.0 225 1.862 0.140 1269

1.2 225 1.990 0.140 1233

1.4 225 1.123 0.208 1039

1.6 225 1.279 0.207 1025

Table 5: speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Cumulative Compound Motor

T(N.m) E1(v) I1 (A) I2(A) N (rpm)

0.2 225 0.340 0.210 1080

0.4 225 0.439 0.210 1033

0.6 225 0.527 0.210 1004

0.8 225 0.627 0.210 964

1.0 225 0.714 0.210 941

1.2 225 0.802 0.210 910

1.4 225 0.898 0.210 881

1.6 225 0.983 0.210 861

1.8 225 1.075 0.210 845

2.0 225 1.160 0.210 822

 Speed Armature Voltage Characteristic of a Separately-Excited DC
Motor

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Figure 6

Torque versus Armature Current Characteristic of a Separately-Excited

DC Motor
1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Figure 7
 speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Series Motor
1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

Figure 8

speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Shunt Motor

1200

1180

1160

1140

1120

1100

1080

1060

1040

1020

1000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

Figure 9
 speed versus Torque Characteristic of a Cumulative Compound
Motor

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Figure 10

Discussion and Results :

From table 1, executed to acquire the relationship between the pace of an
independently energized DC engine (n) and the armature voltage (EA) ,Where I2 (or
field current IF) was set to 140mA using the Rheostat. The values of the speed (n)
and the armature current (I1) were recorded at each value of armature voltage (E1) .
It can be seen that the speed of the motor increases linearly as the armature voltage
increases.

The table2, was used again to obtain the relationship between the torque of a
separately excited DC motor (T) and the armature current (IA). The current I2 was set
to 140 mA. Also the voltage of the armature was increased until the speed of motor
reached 1233 rpm. The value of EA at n=1233 rpm was found to be equal to 225 V.
Finally, the values of I1 (armature current) and n were recorded (with EA =225V) at
each value of the torque shown in the table2. As can be seen from the figure above,
the torque increases linearly as the armature current increases when the armature
voltage is constant.The previous graph confirms that the separately excited DC
motor at fixed armature voltage is equivalent to a linear current-to-torque converter
since the relationship between the torque and the armature current is linear.

In the table 3, Where E1 (armature voltage) and n were set to 136 V and 1500 rpm
respectively. The values of I1 and n were recorded at each value of the torque shown
in the table below (at E1= 136 V), From the figure3 above, it can be seen that the
speed decreases rapidly and non-linearly as the mechanical load increases (i.e as the
torque increases).
Where E1 was set to 225 V and I2 was set to 140 mA using the Rheostat. The values
of I1 (armature current) and n were recorded at each value of the torque shown in
the table 4, From the figure4 above, it can be seen that the speed decreases slowly
and approximately linearly as the mechanical load increases (i.e as the torque
increases).

In the table 5, Where E1 was set to 225 V and I2 was set to 210 mA using the
Rheostat. The values of I1 (armature current) and n were recorded at each value of
the torque . From the figure 5 above, it can be seen that the speed decreases at a
medium rate as the mechanical load increases (i.e as the torque increases).

Conclusion :

In conclusion the aim of the experiment was achieved and was found that in
Separately-Excited DC Motor there is a different result and behaves with each
operating characteristic shunt, series and compound depends to the field current .