TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

TECHNIQUES REPORT/NOTE
Inspectio Symmetry Symmetrical
n
Swelling, redness Swelling, redness
Palpate Joint Swelling, tenderness, crepitus/clicking
Muscles of mastication masseter, Pain, tenderness
temporalis, pterygoid (external,
internal)
ROM Open/close mouth Full range of motion/
Protrusion/retraction Limited range of motion
sides
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

ELBOW
TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Medial and lateral epicondyle and Nodules, swelling, abnormal contour
n olecranon process of ulna
Contours
Palpate Olecranon process Tenderness, displacement
Epicondyles
Grooves between the epicondyles Tenderness, swelling, thickening
and olecranon - synovium Synovium normally not palpable
ROM Flexion
Extension
Supination
pronation

SHOULDER
TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Shoulder girdle, scapula Symmetry, deformity, unusual contours
n
Swelling, redness, abnormal
discoloration
Muscle atrophy, fasciculations
Joint capsule swelling
Bulging in the subacromial bursa
Palpate Bony landmarks tenderness
Acromion
Coracoid process of the scapula
Greater tubercle
Subacromial bursae, subdeltoid
bursae
Sits muscles (lift elbow posteriorly
extend)
Fibrous articular capsule Tenderness, effusion
 Tendons of rotator cuff
ROM Flexion infront and upward Full range of motion/
Extension raise behind (back) Limited range of motion
Abduction out to the side and
overhead
Adduction cross in front of body
Internal rotation behind back and
touch shoulder blade
External rotation behind head
(brushing hair)
Maneuve Crossover test (acromioclavicular
rs joint)

Apley Scratch Test (external rotate-

overhead, touch scapula, internal
rotate back, touch scapula)
Neers Impingement test Positive/negative
Hawkins impingement sign +/-
Supraspinatus strength (empty can Weakness
test)
Infraspinatus strength Weakness
Forearm supination +/-
Drop arm sign +/-

WRIST
TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Position of hands in motion Smooth- natural movements
n
Finger alignment
Palmar and dorsal surface of wrist Swelling over joints
Deformities (wrist finger bones, hand)
contractures
Contour of the thenar and Atrophy
hypothenar eminences
Palpate Distal radius and ulna Swelling, bogginess, tenderness
groove of the wrist joints
Anatomical snuffbox tenderness
Carpals, metacarpals and phalanges tenderess
Squeeze mcps Swelling, bogginess tenderness
PIP and DIP joints Nodules, tenderness
ROM Flexion Limitation to range of motion
Extension Full range of motion/no impairment in the
Adduction range of motion of the wrist
Abduction
Maneuver Hand grip strength (patient will weakness
s grasp)
Thumb movement (finkelstein test) Pain +
Carpal tunnel
 Thumb abduction (with resistance) weakness
Tinels sign (median nerve aching, numbing
compression) numbness, tingling
Phalens sign

Fingers:
Flexion (fist with thumb across)
Extension open hand
Adduction and abduction _ spread
and back together
Thumb:
Flex
Extend
Abduction
Adduction
opposition

SPINE
TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Posture
n Erect position of head, smooth
coordinated neck movement
Ease of gait
Standing: deviations scoliosis,
kyphosis
Skin markings, skin tags

Palpate Spinous processes Tenderness

Facet joints c2-c7 lateral
Lumbar spinous processes Step offs
Sacroiliac area (dimple) tenderness
Paravertebral muscles Tenderness and spasm
Sciatic nerve (hip flexed and lie to tenderness
other side
ROM Neck Tenderness/pain
Flex, extend, rotate, lateral bending Impairment of movement
Spinal column
Flexion Scoliosis (deformity)
Extension Bend backward
Rotation
Lateral bending

HIP
 TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Gait
n - stance
- swing
Observe position for lordosis lordosis
Anterior and posterior surfaces of atrophy
the hip
Palpate Bony landmarks:
Iliac crest
Asis
Greater trochanter
Symphysis pubis
Psis
Ischial tuberosity
Sacroiliac joint not palpable
Inguinal ligament Tenderness, enlargement of lymph nodes
Femoral nerve, artery, vein lymph
node
Trochanteric bursa
Ischiogluteal bursa not palpable
ROM Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction
External rotation
Internal rotation
Maneuve Flexion with hand at lumbar spine Flexion deformity of the hip
rs Extension
Abduction
Adduction
External and internal rotation

KNEE
TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Gait Smooth rhythmic flow
n
Alignment and contours of knee Aligned, contours
Atrophy of the quadriceps muscles atrophy
Swelling around the knee swelling

Palpate Tibiofemoral joint Tenderness, swelling, effusion

Irregular bony ridges
Medial meniscus tenderness
Lateral meniscus
Medial joint compartment
- medial femoral condyle
- Adductor tubercle
- medial tibial plateau
-medial collateral ligament
 Lateral joint compartment
- lateral femoral condyle
- lateral tibial plateau
-lateral collateral ligament
Patellofemoral compartment
- patella
-patellar tendon
-tibial tuberosity
Patello femoral grinding test Pain, crepitus

Suprapatellar pouch Swelling, effusion

Prepatellar bursa over the anserine
bursa
Palpation for effusion
Bulge sign
Balloon sign

Balloting the patella

Gastrocnemius and soleus
Achilles tendon - palpate Tenderness, swelling
Integrity of achilles tendon: Grasp Normal- with plantar flexion
calf muscles note for plantar
flexion
ROM Flexion
Extension
Internal rotation
External rotation
Maneuve Medial and lateral meniscus: Clicking, tenderness
rs McMurray test
Abduction (valgus) stress test -mcl Pain, gap
Adduction (varus) stress test - lcl Pain, gap
Anterior and posterior drawer sign
ACL,PCL
Lachman test

ANKLE AND FOOT

TECHNIQUES REPORT
Inspectio Surfaces Swelling, deformity, nodules, calluses,
n corns
Palpate Anterior ankle Swelling, tenderness, bogginess
Achilles tendon Nodules and tenderness
Heel tenderness
Metatarsophalangeal joint tenderness
Metatarsals and groovees tenderness
ROM Dorsiflexion (ankle extension)
Plantar flexion
Inversion
eversion
Maneuve Ankle (tibiotalar) joint
 rs Dorsiflex and plantar flex
Subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint
Invert and evert foot stabilize ankle
Transverse tarsal joint
Stabilize heel invert and evert
forefoot
Metatarsophalangeal joint
Flex toes in relation to the feet

Special Techniques

Measuring the length of the legs

Describing limited motion of joint degree of movement