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A (Analyses learner) - Analysis of student
S (State Objectives) - Indicate the
objectives Message - contents @ the information
S (Select methods, media and materials) - who is to be served.
Select methods, media & material Message form - referring to the way
resources information is stored: in the form of real
U (Utilise media and materials) - Use self, in abstract form, symbols, visuals,
media & material resources illustrations and language.
R (Require learner response / Channel message - physical tools I use in
Participation) - Involve students penyampain message, in the form of
E (Evaluate and REVISE materials) - Rate electrical, mechanical and digital.
& review
4. Gagne and Briggs (1974) - 6
categories based on physical stimulation
media media:
Teacher Assistants
Substitute teacher 4.2 MODEL ASSURE 1. Student
Project-Based Learning Analysis Based on the following aspects:
Media In Special Education
Media in Distance Education General characteristics of students
In Folio Learning Media Knowledge / experience of existing
Knowledge diffuser media Student learning styles
3.3 TYPES AND MEDIA KLAFIKASI
2. State Objectives / Learning
1. Hoban and Zissman (1937) - put Outcomes slasher objective statement
the value of a material depends on the contains 4 criteria:
level of visual realistically.
2. concrete experience - real Groups of students
experience nature suffered by a student New forms of behavior
and it is significantly reduced when a @ Terms treatment situation
student became an observer to the Minimum level of achievement behavior
events. 3. Experiences Abstract - who
traveled by the student experience 3. Selection Methods, Media and
through a visual symbol @ verbal who is Materials Resources The selection process
to be interpreted. 4. Types and media includes three steps:
klafikasi:
Determination of - student characteristics,
existing experience, learning styles &
learning objectives.
Mobile media (video, animation & film) Selection of media formats - refers to the
People (teachers, students & the public) physical form of a well-to relay
Object / Model who can be touched and information.
held by students Selection of source material - selecting
Text (posters, books, newspapers, existing resources, modifying existing
magazines, brochures & modules) source material & design of new source
Visual (diagrams, drawings, photographs, material.
graphics, slides, transparencies etc.)
Audio (voice, sounds, music & song) 4. Use of Media and Materials
Resources The following actions should be
CHAPTER 4 DESIGN CLASSROOM done by the teacher:
TEACHING: MODEL ASSURE
Check / preview / review of the resource
4.1 LEARNING LESSON PLAN before using it in class.
Prepare materials for use in class.
1. Gagne (1985) - learning occurs as a Provide an environment well-suited to the
gradual process of expanding. 2. Events use of material resources.
of Instruction : - i. Student's Prepare students to benefit from the
attention. ii. Tell learning objectives. source material.
iii. Crowbar and relate existing knowledge Provide learning experiences for students.
of students. iv. Delivers content of the 5. Engage Students in Learning Involve
educational / teaching-learning students in learning through student-
materials. v.. Guiding student centered activity-based material can
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motivate and sustain change student
behavior. 6. Value and Revise current 1. point - the prime mover of a form
assessment process and post-process R & and also as a marker of a position in
D allows teachers to make corrections, space. - Does not have the length of @
enhancements, and follow-to-life width, static, has no direction, relatively
independent, and became the center of
CHAPTER 5 BASIC CONCEPTS OF an element.
GRAPHIC
2. Line - the merger of two points who
5.1 GRAPHICS have a certain distance. - A combination
of handcuffs forming 2D and 3D images.
graphics - a combination of photographs,
sketches, drawings, letters, figures, Geometric appearance - who have
symbols, words @ self image into a media assorted border immanent.
to provide and interpret the concept of @ Organic appearance - who Miscellaneous
the idea of the recipients of the independent, well-angled and without
information in certain situations (P & P). fixed borders.
2. Graphics - a form of visual
communication who use text to convey Chang Hon Woon (1997 ) - the line can
information picture @ @ message be used to indicate the purpose of the
3. Electronic media - 'graphics interakrif' movement, to be the motive molding,
@ 'multimedia graphics' producing tons, creating forms, creating
4. Multimedia - @ software and space, and give rise to joint.
computer-based applications who
combines at least two @ more than two 3. surface - a few lines at a position
media, the text, graphics, animation, either vertically or horizontally. - Eg on
audio and video.EQUIPMENT DESIGN the surface (roof), vertical surfaces (walls)
BASIS FOR GRAPHICS and below the surface (floor / ground).
Advantages :
5.5 Principles of Visual Layout - It is very easy to obtain in a variety of
topics and forms.
1. 6 basic principles of visual layout - Easy to use and does not need much
- CASPER explanation.
- Can be removed.
C (Contrast) - Contrast - Cheap in terms of production / free.
A (Alignment) - Balanced
S (Simplicity) - Simplisiti (Keep It Simple Weakness : - Written to target specific
and Stupid) readers. - Regarded as rote material
P (Proximity) - Group items together (facts and definition). - Lots of vocabulary
relational distance (cognitive load on students). - No
E (Emphasis) - Focus on items key interactive / performance one way.
R (Repetition) - Recurrent graphics
Charts
2. typography - a knowledge in the
selection and arrangement of spaces font Describe the visual representation of a
on who is available to create certain transcendental concept of oral / written.
effects help readers who feel comfortable
to read whenever possible. Chart Types:
Font Style : Roman - font who owns the
fin / foot / serif taper turned on end. Sans Chart organizations - shows the
serif - this font does not have fins / structure of an organization in terms of
serif. @ Cursive Script - scratch hand, staging.
tilted to the right. Egyption - its legs / Chart classification - reflects the
fins / srif square turned. Decorative - category of things, events, animals and
daripadabentuk expansion-font shape so on.
imaginable. Chart tabular / table - contains data in
font size oft-used normal size - 6 to 72 the form of numbers and percentages in
points. tables.
Chart flow - chart showing the process
sequence, procedure, or the flow of an
activity.
Graph
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2D visual material about the people, Diorama
places and things @ is used to facilitate
students' understanding. Produced by actual measurement scale.
Who vary according to size to fit into the
Advantages : space scale.
- Cheap and easy to find. Purpose - kemabali scan last event
- Average visual aid understanding. atmosphere @ @ describes the future.
- Avoiding misconceptions and able to
correct it. Sand table
- Provides visual stimulation as evidence.
- Shift the focus of students and develop Describe the real situation through a
critical judgment. replica.
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2. Ordinary Lens (Standard / Normal the longer the exposure
Lens) allowed. FILMS 1. The film is a special
plastic sheets who have a chemical
Size 43 mm - 50 mm. surface ( silver halide Crystals) who light
Sisesuaikan standpoint of common points sensitive. 2. Sensitivity is measured on a
of view. scale of film:
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9.2 PRODUCTION OF AUDIO 2. FO ( Fade Out ) - Music slowly
EDUCATION disappear.
steps needed to produce a publication 3. FUP ( Fade Up ) - Music upward
audio: slowly.
Step 1: Set a goal. 4. FD ( Fade Down ) - Music decline
Step 2: Research and gather material. slowly.
Step 3: Selection of materials. 5. BG ( Background ) - Background
Step 4: Write the script. music.
Step 5: Prepare the equipment.
Step 6: Make a recording. 9.6 EDITIng
Step 7: Preview. Can do some editing through ways such
Step 8: Use of audio material. as through software Sound Forge . (See
Step 9: Evaluation and improvement. pp. 151-157) Azure advisor to 4:02 (25-
28/10/2009)
Audio cassette
Micro cassette
@ Fonograf record 9.7 AUDIO FILE FORMAT
@ CD Compact Disc 1. Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF
and AIF)
9.4 PUBLICATION AUDIO 2. Musical Instrument Digital Interface
(MID, MDI and MFF)
To publish audio material, you need some 3. Sound (SND)
basic materials and equipment as follows: 4. Roll (ROL)
5. Wave (WAV)
Microphone. (See pp. 146-148) 6. Sun Audio (AU)
Recorders (recorders and cassette 7. Voice (VOC)
players). 8. MPEG Level 3 (MP3)
@ Audio tape audio cassette. 9. RealAudio or RealMedia (. RA and.
Studio (recording who place special) RAM)
Control room (optional)
Sound effects (to produce the actual
situation) CHAPTER 10 PUBLISHING EDUCATION
Music (as background music) VIDEO 10.1 VIDEO IN R & D
Cable.
1. Video - mobile media hard-headed and
9.5 mixer VOICE very beneficial preformance delivery of a
message to the audience.
1. Audio mixer is the tool to have a lot of 2. Able to bring in events going on
channels that could be adjusted outside the classroom such as volcanic
bahananya input and one output. eruptions, etc. atomic bomb.
2. These tools usually found in recording 3. Able to capture images of far and near,
studios. and manipulate space.
3. Before starting the recording, the script 4. Time and space can also be
must be prepared and practice reading manipulated through animation.
the script.
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2. Images recorded using a camcorder 3.Sensor exposure (exposure) - to the
who spotted moving through the lens entire field recordings and tune the lens
focus changed to a series of electronic aperture-to-life with intensity of light.
signals. Signal is then transmitted and 4. Shutter - high shutter speed who need
recorded on magnetic tape. In the more light, causing the aperture open
meantime, who detected sound as wider exposure and this produces clear
electronic signals through the built-in field becomes more shallow.
microphone, will also be recorded on tape 5. White Balance button - to create a
the same brush. nice-looking but the color balance is
3. If want to buy a camcorder, it is probably not the original color.
important to take into account the 6. Tool voice record - to record the voices
following matters who: of nature.
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