33 Concrete Beam

Page 33 - 1
REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM

EXHAUST STACK 33
ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Copyright 2006 American Society of Civil Engineers 351773867.xls
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
CONCRETE BEAM DESIGN I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
fy 60 ksi yield strength of reinforcing
30
f'c 3 ksi compressive strength of concrete
d' 2.5 in depth of compression reinforcing
25
bw 13 in width
d 20.5 in depth of tension reinforcing
20
depth_OA 27 in overall depth
Bar Qty Bar Size# As 15

A's 0.00 6 0.00 in2
As 1.00 6 0.44 in2 10
M working 21.9 k-ft required service level moment

Mu req'd 30.7 k-ft ult required ultimate/factored moment 5
MU prov 39.80 k-ft ultimate provided 0

OK Beam stressed to 77 % NOTE: 77% 75% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
!!! As min 0.89 > As provided 0.44 see min below Figure 33-1 Beam cross-section with Whitney's
OK x balance 7.62 0.937 required stress block and reinforcing.
Bar Size # in American nomenclature, bar size is given

Length 39 ft length of joist as a number which equates to 8 th's of an
t 4.5 in thickness of slab inch hence, a #6 bar is 6/8 inch = 3/4"
c 78 in spacing of joists
flange 0 logic 0 = no flanges, 1 = spandrel, 2 = T beam fy ultimate tensile strength of reinforcing, k/in 2
f'c ultimate compression strength of concrete,
k/in2
Ig 21500 in4
I cracked 1365 in4 American Concrete Institute
Ie 21500 in4 http://www.aci-int.org/general/home.asp
t 0.00507 unitless allowable tension reinforcing strain
0.00400 minimum strain allowed
min -- Minimum Reinforcement in Flexural Members width

As min 1 0.73 in2 3 f'C /fy bw d 02 ACI 10.5.1 (10-3) d'
3 * 3 *1000 * 13.0 * 20.5 /60 /1000
-AS
As min 2 0.89 in2 200 * w * d /fy /1000 02 ACI 10.5.1 d
200 * 13.0 * 20.5 /60 /1000
As logic 0 logic MAX(0.89, 0.73) 0.44 AS
When the area of tension reinforcing steel is less than +As Figure 33-2 Beam cross-section.
minimum, the amount of reinforcing provided must be increased by
1/3 beyond that needed for tensile reinforcement. 02 ACI 10.5.3
When the beam is stressed to 75% and
+As = 1.33 x As provided, the minimum requirements of -As, A's negative reinforcing - usually the top steel,
reinforcement have been met. in2
+As positive reinforcing - usually the bottom steel,
For Seismic Resistance in2
As min 0.89 in2 200 * bw * d / fy ACI 21.3.2
200 * 13 * 20.5 /60 /1000
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CONCRETE BEAM DESIGN -- Continued I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
bE width of rectangular beam or,
bE = 13" spandrel and T-beam effective
d' = 3" flange, inches
t = 4.5"
depth_OA = 27" d = 21"
13" clear = 65"
center to center = 78"

NOTE: T-beam calculations are
Figure 33-3 T-beam framing cross section. required before the doubly
reinforced calculations can be
done.
Spandrel beam ACI 8.10.3

bE 39 in 39' * 12 in/ft /12
bE 40 in 4.5" * 6 + 13" beam width
bE 45.5 in (78" - 13" beam width) /2 + 13"
bE 39 in spandrel
T-beam 02 ACI 8.10.2

bE 117 in 39' * 12 in/ft /4
bE 85 in 4.5" * 16 + 13" beam width
bE 78 in 78'' c-c beam spacing
bE 78 in maximum width of flange
bE 78 in
vLookUp Table
Bar
Type of beam and overhang overhang 10M
slab trib bE logic bE OH 30 15M
beam 13 1 13 0 20M
spandrel 39 0 0 0 25M
25
T-beam 78 0 0 0 30M
13 0 35M
20 45M
55M
15 0
3
10 4
5
6
5
7
8
0 9
0
Figure5 33-4 Beam
10 15 20
cross-section. 25 30
10
11
14
18
Bar
top 6
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Bar
bottom 6
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STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIPS I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
1 0.85 unitless reduce the .85 factor by .05 for B 1, 1 reduction factor for higher strengths of
each 1000 psi over 4000 psi concrete, unitless. ACI 10.2.7
IF( 3 ksi > 4, 0.85 - (3 ksi - 4) * 0.05, 0.85) a space is included between the B and the 1
so that the spreadsheet does not read this
1 0.85 but not less than 0.65 range name as a cell address.
IF( 0.85 < 0.65, 0.65, B210)
ES steel modulus of elasticity, 29000 ksi
's limit 0.00207 unitless fy /Es
60 / 29000 compression strain fy
for reinforcing full engagement y = 0.00207
steel at fy = 60 ksi
t 0.00507 unitless allowable tension reinforcing strain
0.00400 minimum strain allowed
stress,
t 0.00207 unitless 60 fy / 29,000 Es calculated concrete
for reference only
f'C crushing, code
Note: that t is the lower limit for tension reinforcing strain defined crushing
where the minimum = 0.0040. This is conservative strain
and may be increased to 0.005 where greater ductility is required 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004
as for tension controlled members. See 02 ACI 10.3.3, 10.3.4 and, strain, s
10.3.5. commentary for a comprehensive explanation of this new Figure 33-5 Stress and strain relationships for
approach in the code. Older codes used 0.75 b. concrete and steel.
To follow some textbook examples, you will have to set t to
0.00207 or greater. 0.003 'c
's
xbalance 7.62 in 0.003 /(0.003 + 0.00507) * 20.50" xbalance
amax 6.48 in 0.85 * 7.62 in
d
's 0.00807 unitless 20.50" /7.62" * 0.003

's min 0.00207 unitless MIN(0.00807, 0.00207)
Stated another, traditional way; 0.00507 t
the basic relationship to determine x_balance * d is: stress - strain concrete
strain profile
'c 87 unitless 0.003 * 29,000 ksi Figure 33-6 The balanced strain condition.
t/Es 147.03 ksi 29000 /0.00507
x bal * d 'c = 0.003 = 87 = 0.372 * d inches = 7.62 in
'c + t/Es 0.003 + fy /29,000 87 + 147
The Limit for Tension Reinforcing cu concrete crushing strain, 0.003, unitless
0.003 0.003 0.003 y strain at first yeild, unitless
'S strain in compression reinforcing, unitless
s strain in tension reinforcing, unitless
t allowable tension reinforcing strain, unitless
As allowable tension reinforcing strain t increases, the

corresponding Whitney's stress block decreases.
The stress block is a function of 1* x balance = a.
0.004 0.005 0.0075
minimum for tension for elastic, tension controlled
controlled members members in hinged regions
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Figure 33-7 Tensile strain versus depth of compression block.
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DEPTH of COMPRESSION BLOCK I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
For tension and compression forces -- solve for x.
Setup relationships to be solved with the quadratic equation: [-b (b2 -4 a c)1/2 ] / [2 a] = 0
Flange 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 x A's ((x - d')/x cu Es - 0.85 f'c) d'
Flange 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 t
a/2
a x
d - d'
Stem 0.85 f'c bw 1 x
d d - a/2
As fy
Figure 33-8 The balance of compression forces Figure 33-9 Calculating Whitney's stress
against the tension force As fy. block.
Calcualte x balance strain

Tension Stem Flange Compression Reinforcing
As f y = 0.85 f'c bw 1 x 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) +A's ((x - d')/x cu Es - 0.85 f'c)
As f y = 0.85 f'c bw 1 x 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) +A's (x - d')/x cu Es -A's 0.85 f'c
As f y - 0.85 f'c bw 1 x - 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) -A's 0.85 f'c = A's (x - d')/x cu Es
As f y - 0.85 f'c bw 1 x - 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) -A's 0.85 f'c = A's cu Es - A's d'/x cu Es
As f y - 0.85 f'c bw 1 x - 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) -A's 0.85 f'c - A's cu Es = - A's d'/x cu Es
As fy x - 0.85 f'c bw 1 x - 0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 (x or t) x -A's 0.85 f'c x - A's cu Es x = - A's d' cu Es
Where the compression block a is less than flange depth t

a b c
- 0.85 f'c bw 1 x -0.85 f'c (bE -bw) 1 x As fy x -A's 0.85 f'c x - A's cu Es x + A's d' cu Es
a x bx c
-28.178 0 -28.178 k/in 0.0 0.0 26.4 26.4 k 0 k-in
x 0.94 in [-b (b2 - 4 a c)1/2 ] / [2 a ]=0
[-26.4 + (26.4 - 4 * -28.178 * -0)^0.5] /[2 * -28.178]
1 logic OK x balance 7.62 0.94 30
a 0.796 in 0.94 * 0.85 25
0 logic 0.796 < 4.5 flange 20
15
10
5
Where the compression block a is greater than flange depth t Figure 33-10 Beam cross-section.
a b 0 c
- 0.85 f'c bw 1 x As fy x -A's 0.85 f'c x - A's cu Es x -0.85 fc (bE -bw) t x 0 5 10
+ A's 15
d' cu20Es 25 30
a x bx c
-28.178 0.0 0.0 26.4 0.000 26.4 0
x 0.94 in [-b (b2 - 4 a c)1/2 ] / [2 a ]=0

[-26.4 + (26.4 - 4 * -28.178 * -0)^0.5] /[2 * -28.178]
1 logic OK x balance 7.62 0.94
a 0.796
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0.796
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DEPTH of COMPRESSION BLOCK -- Continued I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
x 0.94 in IF(0, 0.94, 0.94) x distance of the neutral axis from extreme
a 0.796 in 0.94 * 0.85 compression fiber, in
a Whitney's compression block
Direct calculation of compression reinforcing stress
's 0.00000 unitless MAX((0.94 - 2.5) /0.94 * 0.003, 0) 's compression strain
y 0.00207 unitless 60 /29000 y compression strain limit
f'y 0 ksi MIN(0.00000 /0.00207 * 60, 60) cu 0.003
's 0.00000
Calculate compression forces and moments x 0.94
Cs 0.0 k (0 - 0.85 * 3) * 0.00
Cc stem 26.4 k 0.85 * 3 * 13 * 0.796
Cc flange 0.0 k 0.85 * 3 * MIN(0.796, 4.5) * (13 - 13)
Mn Cs 0 k-in (20.5 - 2.5) * 0.0 Figure 33-11 Compression reinforcing strain.

Mn stem 531 k-in 26.4 * (20.5 - 0.796 /2)
Mn flange 0 k-in 0.0 * (20.5 - MIN(4.5, 0.796) /2) Cs force in compression reinforcing, k
Cc force in compressed concrete, k
Mn 531 k-in 0 + 531 + 0
Mn 44 k-ft 531 / 12 in/ft Mn ultimate moment, k-ft
Mu 40 k-ft ult 0.9 * 531 Mu Mn a reduced by 0.9, k-ft ultimate
77 % Mu required / Mu
1 logic 40 provided > 31 required
1 OK x balance 7.62 0.937 required
d - d'
d - t/2
Check compression reinforcing against tension reinforcing d - a/2
arm 20.10 in 531 /(0 + 26 + 0)
Mn comp 531 k-in Compression block and reinforcing Figure 33-12 Distances to compression forces.
T 26.4 k 0.44 * 60 T force in tension reinforcing, k

Mn tens 531 k-in 20.10 * 26.40 Tension reinforcing
30
25
20
15
10
0
Figure 33-13 Beam cross-section used in
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
appropriate pages to help in understanding
and verifying math.
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MOMENT of INERTIA I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
Ec 3122 ksi 57000 * ( 3 * 1000) /1000 To find the neutral axis NAx for + and - reinforcing and
n 9.29 unitless 29000 /3,122 the stress block:
For the Gross (Overall) Section w x x/2 = n A's (x - d') + n As (d' - x)

A*arm 0 in3 d' * n * -As
2.5 * 9.29 * 0.00 This is solved with the quadratic equation.
84 d * n * +As
20.5 * 9.29 * 0.44
Area 0 2.5 * 0.00

deduct
9 20.5 * 0.44 Figure 33-14 Beam / T-beam cross section
for Ad2 / A = center of gravity from the
0 OH * t2 /2 top extreme fiber.
13.0 * 4.5 /2
n ratio of modulus of elasticity ES /EC, unitless
4739 width * d_OA /2
13.0 * 27.0 /2
sum 4813 in3 Ec modulus of elasticity of concrete, ksi
d_OA beam overal depth, inches
Area 0 in2 -As * n
9.29 * 0.00
NOTE: use Ad2 only. Do not rotate component
4 +As * n areas around their own axes as in bd3/12.
9.29 * 0.4 Most moment of inertia calculations use
Ad2 + bd3/12.
0 OH * t
13.0 * 4.5
351 width * d_OA-s_area_-s_area_
13.0 * 27.0 - 0.00 - 0.44
sum 355 in2
CG 13.57 in 4,813 / 354.65 from the top fiber
For Gross Section About the CG

Ad2 conc 2 in4 (d_OA * width) * (d_OA /2 - Cg)2
(27.0 * 13.0) * (27.0 /2 - 13.57)
0 (OH * t) * (t/2 - Cg)2

(0.0 * 4.5) * (78.0 /2 - 13.57)
Ad2 steel 0 in4 n * -AS * (Cg - d' )2

9.29 * 6.00 * (13.6 - 2.5)
196 n * As * (d - Cg)2
9.29 * 0.00 * (20.5 - 13.6)
Area 0 -As * (Cg - d' )2

deduct 21 As * (d - Cg)2
I concrete 21323 in4 width * d_OA3 /12 + OH * tf 3/12

13 * 27 /12 + 0 * 4.5 /12
Ig 21500 in4 2 + 0 + 0 + 196 - 0 - 21 + 21,323
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EFFECTIVE MOMENT of INERTIA I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
For the Cracked Section
Where the equilibrium equation is: (bE - bw) t
Cc + Cs = T
x x - t/2 x - d' (n - 1) A's
Where n - 1 deducts the area of
compression concrete bw x
For a rectangular beam: d-x

bw x x/2 + (n - 1) A's (x - d') = n As (d - x)
n As
Figure 33-15 The component areas of the cracked section.
For a rectangular, spandrel, or T beam
flg logic 0 logic 1 if beam has a flange
stem flange compression reinforcing tension reinforcing

bw x2/2 + (bE -bw) t (x - t/2) * flg logic + (n - 1) A's (x - d') = n As (d - x) -n As (d - x) = 0
bw x2/2 + (bE -bw) t x * flg logic + (bE -bw) t (- t/2) * flg logic + (n - 1) A's (x - d')
a x2 6.5 in bw x2/2 +
6.5
bx 4.1 (bE -bw) t x * flg logic + (n - 1) A's x -n As (-x)

0 0.0 4.1
c -83.8 (bE -bw) t (- t/2) * flg logic + (n - 1) A's (- d') - n As d

0 0.0 -84
NAx 3.290 in [ -b b - 4 a c ] /2a

[ -4 + 4 - 4 * 6.5 * -84 ] /(2 * 6.5)
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EFFECTIVE MOMENT of INERTIA -- Continued I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
Two Methods of Checking NAx
Take the moments of each component area about the extreme fiber in
compression. Divide the sum of the moments by the area of the components.
Compare this calculated NAx to the NAx calculated above. 20.500 d
area arm area*arm 1.645 stem

A's 0.00 2.500 0.000
stem 42.77 1.645 70.341 2.250 flange
flange 0.00 2.250 0.000
As 4.09 20.500 83.786 2.5 d'
sum 46.85 154.126
M/area 3.290
3.290 NAx
Take the sum of the area moments about the calculated NA x to see 0.790 d'
if they are balanced.
1.040 flange
area arm area*arm
A's 0.00 0.790 0.000 1.645 stem 17.2 d
stem 42.77 1.645 70.341
flange 0.00 1.040 0.000
As -4.09 17.210 -70.341
0.000
3.290 NAx
Figure 33-16 Moment of inertia is

calculated as a balance of forces.
For the Cracked Section About NAx
I conc. 154 In4 w * NA_x3 /3 + (bE - w) * MINA(NA_x, t)3 /12 I cracked Icr , cracked moment of inertia
13 *3.29 /3 + ( 13 - 13) * MIN(3.29, 4.5) /12
Ad2 1211 In4 n * As * (NA_x)2 + n * A's *(NA_x - d_)2

9.29 *0.44 *(20.5 - 3.29) + 9.29 *0.00 *(3.29 - 2.50) Where M wk'g is the unfactored M at the
section for which the deflection is computed
I cracked 1365 In4 cracked section for reinforcing
For the Effective Moment of Inertia

fr 411 lb/in^2 7.5 f'c2
Mcr 55 k-ft fr * Ig /yt for rectangular section only
+M wk'g 22 k-ft
335752 In4 (Mcr /Ma)3 * Ig

-19949 In4 [1 - (Mcr /Ma)3] * Icr
Ie comp 315803 In4 (Mcr /Ma)3 * Ig +[1 - (Mcr /Ma)3] * Icr
Ig 21500 In4
Ie 21500 In4 GOVERNS
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CREEP vs. TIME in MONTHS I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
' 0.00000 unitless density of compression reinforcing ' density of compression reinforcing
at midspan, unitless

L_60 2.0 2.000 multiply computed deflection by time dependent factor for sustained
L_12 1.4 1.400 load, 02 ACI 9.5.2.5
L_6 1.2 1.200
L_3 1.0 1.000 multiplier for additional longterm
deflection
Temperature Reinforcing Minimum

depth 16 in depth not to exceed 16" for temperature
reinforcing calculation
AS req'd 0.346 in2 @ 12"
0.432 in2 @ 15"
0.518 in2 @ 18"
temp 0.65 in2 /ft entire slab 0.0020

temp/2 0.32 in2 /ft entire slab limit to 16" depth
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VERIFYING GRAPHS I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
This is the VBA code for the macro that Paste Value(s) the input/output values into
the graphing range. Having the "New Macro" recorder input your keystrokes may
not record your intentions.
Sub Macro2()
'
' Macro2 Macro
' Macro recorded 9/11/2002 by Craig T. Christy
'
' Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+Z
'
Range("r13:r18").Select If you don't want to use this range, input your own selection.
Selection.Copy
Selection.End(xlToRight).Select
ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Range("A1").Select
ActiveSheet.Paste
Selection.PasteSpecial Paste:=xlValues, Operation:=xlNone, SkipBlanks:= _
False, Transpose:=False
Selection.End(xlToLeft).Select
End Sub
Press [Ctrl] [Shift] z offset to the right

copy [end] [right]
inputs first copy

labels outputs / paste data values paste
by hand
return [end] [left]

Figure 33-17 GRAPHING VALUES FLOW DIAGRAM
Rectangular beam with variable +As tension reinforcing
fy 60 +As 3.54 aa 0.43 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
f'c 3 Mu prov 39.80 41.75 43.66 48.40 57.81 67 76.38 85.53
d' 2 M working 22 71 71 71 71 71 71 71
width 12 Mu req'd 31 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
d 36 Ig /100 215 142 142 142 143 144 145 146
400
depth_OA 38 I cr /100 14 21 21 22 25 28 31 34
A's 0 Ie /100 215 44 44 45 48 51 54 57
As350 34 a * 50 39.8190045 42.15686 44.11765 49.01961 58.8235 69 78.43 88.24
Mu prov
300 M working
Mu req'd
250
Ig /100
200 I cr /100
Ie /100
150
a * 50
100
50
0 +As
0.4 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.4 3.9
Page 33 - 20
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Figure 33-18 Rectangular beam +As compression reinforcing versus Mu Provided, Mu required, Ig, Icr, Ie.
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VERIFYING GRAPHS -- Continued I gross 21,500 in^4 / I cracked 1,365 in^4 / I effective 21,500 in^4
Rectangular beam variable -As' compression reinforcing
fy 60 -As 6.00 aaa 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60
f'c 3 MU prov 40 292 294 296 297 299 301 303
d' 2 a * 50 40 343 333 323 313 304 295 286
bw 12 MU req'd 31 250 250 250 250 250 250 250
d 22 Ig /100 215 165 166 167 168 169 169 170
depth_OA 24 I cr /100 14 104 104 103 103 103 102 102
350
A's varies Ie /100 215 106 105 105 105 104 104 104
As 3.5
300
250
200 MU prov
a * 50
MU req'd
150
Ig /100
I cr /100
100 Ie /100
50
0 -As
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00
Figure 33-19 A's compression reinforcing versus Mu Provided, Mu required, Ig, Icr, Ie.
T-beam joist with variable spacing

fy 60 joist spacing 80 aa 12 13 14 15 20 25 30
f'c 3 MU prov 39.80 257.29 260.14 262.72 265.06 273 278 281
d' 2 MU req'd 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250
width 12 Ig /100 215.00 161.13 165.79 170.33 174.76 195 214 230
d 22 I cr /100 13.65 91.38 91.48 91.77 92.20 96 101 106
depth_OA 24 Ie /100 215.00 114.21 117.03 120.05 123.24 141 159 178
A's 0 a 7.964 58.824 55.490 52.157 48.824 35 28.24 23.53
As 3
Length 40
t 4
c_350.00 varies
flange 2
300.00
250.00 MU prov
250
200.00
Ig /100
150.00 I cr /100
Jois t Spacing Ie /100
100.00
12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82
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Figure 33-20 Joist spacing versus Mu Provided, Mu required, Ig, Icr, Ie.
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VERIFYING GRAPHS -- Continued
T-beam variable +As tension reinforcing
fy 60 +As 8.86 aa 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
f'c 3 Mu prov 39.80 42.24 49.06 58.76 68.44 ### 87.67 97.24
d' 2 Mu req'd 30.7 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
width 12 Ig /100 215.001201 201.8821 202.7001 203.864 205.023 206 207 208
d 22 I cr /100 13.6484941 23.09306 26.40514 30.86259 35.0689 39 42.92 46.62
depth_OA 24 Ie /100 215.001201 83.62034 87.06423 91.77422 96.2889 101 105 109
A's 0 a * 100 79.638009 33.72549 39.21569 47.05882 54.902 63 70.59 78.43
As varies
Length 30
t 4
c_ 30
flange
1200 2
Mu prov
1000 Mu req'd
Ig /100
800
I cr /100
600 Ie /100
a * 100
400
200
0
0.4 1.4 2.4 3.4 4.4 5.4 6.4 7.4 8.4
Figure 33-21 T-beam with variable +As tension reinforcing versus M_provided, Mu required, Ig, Icr, Ie.
T-beam variable -As' compression reinforcing

fy 60 +As 10.969 aa 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 1.5 2
f'c 3 Mu prov 39.80 143.93 146.41 148.96 154.25 ### ### ###
d' 2 Mu req'd 30.7 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
width 12 Ig /100 215.001201 208.2046 209.461 210.7118 213.197 219 225 231
d 22 I cr /100 13.6484941 7.919034 12.73429 17.35286 26.0852 46 62.83 78.33
depth_OA 24 Ie /100 215.001201 75.61118 80.81894 85.86392 95.5338 118 138 157
A's 2 a * 100 79.638009 117.1421 119.2233 121.359 125.799 138 152 167
As varies f'y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Length 30
t 4
c_ 30
flange 1200 2
Mu prov
1000 Mu req'd
Ig /100
800 I cr /100
Ie /100
600
a * 100
f'y
400
200
0 +As
-1 1 3 5 7 9 11
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Figure 33-22 T-beam with variable -As' compression reinforcing versus M_provided, Mu required, Ig, Icr, Ie.
Page 33 - 25
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
/ I effective 21,500 in^4
row 20
20 25 30
ith Whitney's
row 30
e, bar size is given

es to 8 th's of an
of reinforcing, k/in 2
ength of concrete,
row 40
row 50
row 60
ally the top steel,
ally the bottom steel,

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Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
row 70
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Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
ngular beam or,
T-beam effective
row 80
m calculations are
culations can be
row 90
row 100
vLookUp Table
Area
0.12
0.27
0.49
0.76
1.1
1.49
2.47
3.68
0
0.11
0.2
0.31
0.44
0.6
0.79
1
1.27
1.56
2.25
4
Area
0.00
Page 33 - 28
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
Area
0.44
row 130
Page 33 - 29
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
een the B and the 1

oes not read this
crushing, code
defined crushing
1 xb
amax
profile
row 170
nforcing, unitless
ing strain, unitless
n t increases, the
Page 33 - 30
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
row 190
Page 33 - 31
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
N
row 200
Whitney's stress
row 210
row 220
=0
=0
15 20 25 30 = 0
=0
Page 33 - 32
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
row 250
Page 33 - 33
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
is from extreme
row 200
row 210
row 300
20 25 30
Page 33 - 34
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
row 310
Page 33 - 35
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
N
- reinforcing and
row 320
beam cross section
city E S /EC, unitless
row 330
row 340
row 350
row 360
Page 33 - 36
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
row 370
Page 33 - 37
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
N
(bE - bw) t
(n - 1) A's
acked section.
row 400
row 410
row 420
Page 33 - 38
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
row 430
Page 33 - 39
Christy
11:20
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N
row 440
row 450
row 460
moment of inertia
row 470
ctored M at the
ection is computed
row 480
Page 33 - 40
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
row 490
Page 33 - 41
Christy
11:20
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N
mpression reinforcing
nt factor for sustained
dditional longterm
row 500
row 510
row 520
row 530
row 540
Page 33 - 42
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
row 550
Page 33 - 43
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
N
row 560
row 570
row 580
1
94.59
71
100
146
36
60
98.0392
3.4 3.9
Page 33 - 44
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
row 610
Page 33 - 45
Christy
11:20
04/16/17
351773867.xls
N
0.80
307
269
250
172
101
103
MU prov
a * 50
MU req'd
Ig /100
I cr /100
Ie /100
6.00 7.00
35
283.39
250
245.20
110.47
196.29
20.168
MU prov
250
Ig /100
I cr /100
Ie /100
72 82
Page 33 - 46
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
row 670
Page 33 - 47
Christy
11:20
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351773867.xls
1.2
116.26
100
210.738
53.6796
116.919
94.1176
7.4 8.4
2.11
207.37
100
232.443
81.5564
160.861
170.925
5
9 11
Page 33 - 48
Christy
11:20
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row 730

33 Concrete Beam

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33 Concrete Beam

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Page 33 - 1

REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Bar Qty Bar Size# As 15

M working 21.9 k-ft required service level moment

MU prov 39.80 k-ft ultimate provided 0

Bar Size # in American nomenclature, bar size is given

min -- Minimum Reinforcement in Flexural Members width

As logic 0 logic MAX(0.89, 0.73) 0.44 AS

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

depth_OA = 27" d = 21"

13" clear = 65"

center to center = 78"

Spandrel beam ACI 8.10.3

T-beam 02 ACI 8.10.2

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

's 0.00807 unitless 20.50" /7.62" * 0.003

t allowable tension reinforcing strain, unitless

As allowable tension reinforcing strain t increases, the

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Calcualte x balance strain

Where the compression block a is less than flange depth t

x 0.94 in [-b (b2 - 4 a c)1/2 ] / [2 a ]=0

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Mn Cs 0 k-in (20.5 - 2.5) * 0.0 Figure 33-11 Compression reinforcing strain.

T 26.4 k 0.44 * 60 T force in tension reinforcing, k

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

For the Gross (Overall) Section w x x/2 = n A's (x - d') + n As (d' - x)

Area 0 2.5 * 0.00

For Gross Section About the CG

0 (OH * t) * (t/2 - Cg)2

Ad2 steel 0 in4 n * -AS * (Cg - d' )2

Area 0 -As * (Cg - d' )2

I concrete 21323 in4 width * d_OA3 /12 + OH * tf 3/12

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

For a rectangular beam: d-x

Figure 33-15 The component areas of the cracked section.

For a rectangular, spandrel, or T beam

flg logic 0 logic 1 if beam has a flange

stem flange compression reinforcing tension reinforcing

bx 4.1 (bE -bw) t x * flg logic + (n - 1) A's x -n As (-x)

c -83.8 (bE -bw) t (- t/2) * flg logic + (n - 1) A's (- d') - n As d

NAx 3.290 in [ -b b - 4 a c ] /2a

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

area arm area*arm 1.645 stem

Figure 33-16 Moment of inertia is

Ad2 1211 In4 n * As * (NA_x)2 + n * A's *(NA_x - d_)2

For the Effective Moment of Inertia

335752 In4 (Mcr /Ma)3 * Ig

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Temperature Reinforcing Minimum

temp 0.65 in2 /ft entire slab 0.0020

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

ENGINEERING with the SPREADSHEET

Press [Ctrl] [Shift] z offset to the right