THE LEGEND OF SURABAYA

A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and Baya
was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.

Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat Yummy, this is
my lunch, said Baya. No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy said Sura. Then they fought
for the goat. After several hours, they were very tired.

Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya lived
in the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.

One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry and
there was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the
promise. They fought again.

They both hit each other. Sura bit Bayas tail. Baya did the same thing to Sura. He bit very hard
until Sura finally gave up and went back to the sea. Baya was happy.

Generic Structure

Structure Contents
The orientation is Sura and Baya as the participants of the story. Remember a
Orientation
participant can be a character in another term
There is a confrontation scene among the participants. It is the fighting between
Complication Sura and Baya. The fight for food happen several times and they determine the
plot of the story as a whole
Resolution Baya is happy because Sura gives up in the last fighting

SANGKURIANG
 The Story of Sangkuriang and Tangkuban Perahu Mountain Once, there was a kingdom
in Priangan Land. Lived a happy family. They were a father in form of dog,his name is Tumang,
a mother which was called is Dayang Sumbi, and a child which was called Sangkuriang. One
day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to go hunting with his lovely dog, Tumang. After hunting all
day, Sangkuriang began desperate and worried because he hunted no deer. Then he thought to
shot his own dog. Then he took the dog liver and carried home. Soon Dayang Sumbi found out
that it was not deer lever but Tumang's, his own dog. So, She was very angry and hit
Sangkuriang's head. In that incident, Sangkuriang got wounded and scar then cast away from
their home. Years go bye, Sangkuriang had travel many places and finally arrived at a village. He
met a beautiful woman and felt in love with her. When they were discussing their wedding plans,
The woman looked at the wound in Sangkuriang's head. It matched to her son's wound who had
left severall years earlier. Soon she realized that she felt in love with her own son.
She couldn't marry him but how to say it. Then, she found the way. She needed a lake
and a boat for celebrating their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them in one night. He
built a lake. With a dawn just moment away and the boat was almost complete. Dayang Sumbi
had to stop it. Then, she lit up the eastern horizon with flashes of light. It made the cock crowed
for a new day. Sangkuriang failed to marry her. She was very angry and kicked the boat. It felt
over and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu Bandung.

Generic Structure

Title The Story of Sangkuriang and Tangkuban Perahu Mountain

Orientation Once, there was a kingdom in Priangan Land. Lived a happy family.
They were a father in form of dog,his name is Tumang, a mother
which was called is Dayang Sumbi, and a child which was called
Sangkuriang.
Complication One day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to go hunting with his lovely
dog, Tumang. After hunting all day, Sangkuriang began desperate
and worried because he hunted no deer. Then he thought to shot his
own dog. Then he took the dog liver and carried home.
Soon Dayang Sumbi found out that it was not deer lever but
Tumang's, his own dog. So, She was very angry and hit
Sangkuriang's head. In that incident, Sangkuriang got wounded and
scar then cast away from their home. Years go bye, Sangkuriang had
travel many places and finally arrived at a village. He met a beautiful
woman and felt in love with her. When they were discussing their
wedding plans, The woman looked at the wound in Sangkuriang's
head. It matched to her son's wound who had left severall years
earlier. Soon she realized that she felt in love with her own son.
She couldn't marry him but how to say it.
Resolution Then, she found the way. She needed a lake and a boat for
celebrating their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them in one
night. He built a lake. With a dawn just moment away and the boat
was almost complete. Dayang Sumbi had to stop it. Then, she lit up
the eastern horizon with flashes of light. It made the cock crowed for
a new day.
Sangkuriang failed to marry her. She was very angry and kicked the
boat. It felt over and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu
Bandung.

RORO JONGGRANG
Roro Jonggrang was the daughter of King Prabu Baka, who ruled over the ancient Javanese
kingdom of Prambanan. The king was killed in a fierce battle by the minister of the King of
Pengging, who fought with a magic weapon called Bandung. For this reason, he was known as
Bandung Bandawasa. Not long afterwards, Bandung Bandawasa decided to marry Princess
Roro Jonggrang., the daughter of his victim. But she had no desire to marry the murderer of her
father, so she sought the advice of the Patih. The Patih made a wise suggestion. Bandung would
have to build a thousand temples and two deep weels. If he managed to complete all this in the
course of one night, he could marry the princess. Bandung knew two people possessing magic
powers who promised to help him. one was his father, Damarmaya, and the other was mighty
King of Pengging. A date was fixed and in the evening, Bandungs followers began their giant
construction job. Five hundred temples were completed by midnight. Roro Jonggrang sent a man
to watch the progress of Bandungs work and by four oclock in the morning he saw that nine
hundred and ninety five temples were already built and to deep wells nearly finished. The whole
palace was filled with sadness, because the Princess would have to marry the man who had
murdered her father. Again the Patih had an idea. He woke up all the young girls and ordered
them to pond rice at once. When the workers heard the pounding of rice and smelt the flowers,
which were the signs of dawn they stopped their work. Bandung Bandawasa was glad to see the
temples before him and counted them himself. But to his surprise, there were only 999 temples.
He soon learned the reason of his failure and became very angry. Roro JOnggrang herself was
changed into a statue, which stands in the great inner hall of the largest temple and is now know
as, The Temple of Roro Jonggrang.

Generic Structure
Orientation
Roro Jonggrang was the daughter of King Prabu Baka, who ruled over the ancient Javanese
kingdom of Prambanan. The king was killed in a fierce battle by the minister of the King of
Pengging, who fought with a magic weapon called Bandung. For this reason, he was known as
Bandung Bandawasa.
Complication
Not long afterwards, Bandung Bandawasa decided to marry Princess Roro Jonggrang., the
daughter of his victim. But she had no desire to marry the murderer of her father, so she sought
the advice of the Patih.

The Patih made a wise suggestion. Bandung would have to build a thousand temples and two
deep weels. If he managed to complete all this in the course of one night, he could marry the
princess. Bandung knew two people possessing magic powers who promised to help him. one
was his father, Damarmaya, and the other was mighty King of Pengging. A date was fixed and
in the evening, Bandungs followers began their giant construction job. Five hundred temples
were completed by midnight.

Roro Jonggrang sent a man to watch the progress of Bandungs work and by four oclock in the
morning he saw that nine hundred and ninety five temples were already built and to deep wells
nearly finished. The whole palace was filled with sadness, because the Princess would have to
marry the man who had murdered her father.Again the Patih had an idea. He woke up all the
young girls and ordered them to pond rice at once. When the workers heard the pounding of rice
and smelt the flowers, which were the signs of dawn they stopped their work. Bandung
Bandawasa was glad to see the temples before him and counted them himself. But to his
surprise, there were only 999 temples.
Resolution
He soon learned the reason of his failure and became very angry. Roro JOnggrang herself was
changed into a statue, which stands in the great inner hall of the largest temple and is now know
as, The Temple of Roro Jonggrang.

THE LEGEND OF TOBA LAKE

Once upon a time, there was a man who was living in north Sumatra. He lived in a simple hut in
a farming field. The did some gardening and fishing for his daily life. One day, while the man
was do fishing, he caught a big golden fish in his trap. It was the biggest catch which he ever had
in his life. Surprisingly, this fish turned into a beautiful princess. He felt in love with her and
proposed her to be his wife. She said; Yes, but you have to promise not to tell anyone about the
secret that I was once a fish, otherwise there will be a huge disaster. The man made the deal and
they got married, lived happily and had a daughter.

Few years later, this daughter would help bringing lunch to her father out in the fields. One day,
his daughter was so hungry and she ate his fathers lunch. Unfortunately, he found out and got
furious, and shouted; You damned daughter of a fish. The daughter ran home and asked her
mother. The mother started crying, felt sad that her husband had broke his promise.

Then she told her daughter to run up the hills because a huge disaster was about to come. When
her daughter left, she prayed. Soon there was a big earthquake followed by non-stop pouring
rain. The whole area got flooded and became Toba Lake. She turned into a fish again and the
man became the island of Samosir.

Generic Structure

Generic
Contents
Structure
What we call orientation is actually an introduction of the story. It inform the
readers who when and where inside the story. It tells readers the specific
participants in the specific place and time. In the legend of Toba lake, the first
Orientation
paragraph is clearly seen as an orientation. It introduces the participants involved
in the story. In short, they are a man with his wife (formerly a fish), and his
daughter. They live in North Sumatra once time.
Complication has the greatest ruler in relation of learning English text types since
it the only one which can differ narrative from other types. Complication can be
build based on three kinds of conflict. They are natural or physical conflict,
social conflict, and inner or psychological conflict. A text of narrative can be
organized through this one or more kinds of conflict. Without the existence of
Complication
those conflicts, the text is NOT a narrative any more. The complication in the
legend of Toba Lake is seen when the man failed to keep his promise to his wife
which he would NEVER AND NEVER talk to any body that she (his wife) had
been a fish. Due to his failure of keeping the promise, the complication rises into
the climax. His wife is very angry to him
Resolution As many traditional stories, every crisis should find its way to go down. The
turning points will lead into the solution, and that is what we call resolution.
Remember that a resolution can be a happy ending or the sad one. In this way,
the legend of Toba Lake ends his story plot with the sad ending. The participants,
the man with his wife and his daughter broke his very happy family into pieces of
object. The wife turned into his original life, fish. The worst thing happened to
the man, he became a small island. Poor them but happy for the people behind
 them.

THEMONKEYSANDTHECAPSELLER

Once,acapsellerwaspassingthroughajungle.Hewasverytiredandneededtorest.
Then,hestoppedandspreadaclothunderatree.Heplacedhisbagfullofcapsnearhimandlay
downwithhiscaponhishead.Thecapsellerhadasoundsleepforonehour.Whenhegotup,
thefirstthinghedidwastolookintohisbag.Hewasstartledwhenhefoundallhiscapswere
notthere.

Whenhelookedupthesky,hewasverysurprisedtoseemonkeyssittingonthebranches
ofatree,eachofthemonkeysiswearingacapofonitshead.Theyhadevidentlydoneitto
imitatehimHedecidedtogethiscapsbackbymakingahumblerequesttothemonkeys.In
return,themonkeysonlymadefacesofhim.Whenhebeguntomakegesture,themonkeysalso
imitatedhim.

Atlasthefoundacleveridea."Monkeysareagreatimitator,"hethought.Sohetookoffhis
owncapandthrewitdownontheground.Andashehadexpected,allthemonkeystookoffthe
capsandthrewthecapsdownontheground.Quickly,hestoodupandcollectedthecaps,put
thembackintohisbagandwentaway.

GenericStructure

Orientation:Thecapsellerastheparticipant(maincharacter),oncetimeastimesetting,
and in the jungle as place setting. We note from discussion that the elements of
orientationisshortlyansweringwho,whenandwhereofthestory.

Complication:Thecapsellerwantsthemonkeystobringbackhiscapsbutthemonkeys
donotreturnthem.Ofcoursethismakesthecapsellerfaceaproblem.Complicationina
narrativetextisnotalwaysinsingleproblem.Thatisweknowamajorconflictand
minorconflict.

Resolution:Thecapsellergetsthemonkeytobringbackthecapbyactingofthrowing
hisowncap.Themonkeysimitatewhathehasdonesotheproblemisissolved.This
storyhashappyendingasthecapsellerhashiscapsreturned.
 JUNHASWONDERS

Once upon a time, there was a small village in Baghdad, with a small population. In this village,
everybody knew each other and about every problem in the village. There was a bakery that was
popular for its delicious bread.
One day, a poor old man was walking along the street. When he passed, the bakery, he
stopped to smell the scent of the bread being emitted. Suddenly, the baker caught the old man
and shouted at him, demanding the prince of the breads scent. He almost dragged him to the
police. A very famous wise man named Junha heard the baker shouting. So, he approached him
and asked about the problem. Junha stood calmly listening to the baker, as he thought about a
solution.
After a few minutes, Junhas eyes glistened and an amused smile was on his face. He
asked the baker, How much money do you want? The baker and the poor man were
astonished, but the baker answered , 3 dinars. Junha took the money out of his wallet and put
it in his pocket and shook the money. Did you hear the sound of the money? Junha asked.
Yes, I did, the baker replied and with a big smile Junha said, Well then, this costs the same as
your breads scent.

Generic Structur

Orientation : Orientation of the text is once upon a time, there was a small village
in Baghdad, with a small population

Complication : Complication of the text is one day, a poor old man was walking along
the street. When he passed, the bakery, he stopped to smell the scent of the bread being

Resolution : Resolution of the text is a very famous wise man named Junha heard the
baker shouting. So, he approached him and asked about the problem. Junha stood calmly
listening to the baker, as he thought about a solution
 Re-orientation : Re-orientation of the text is we shouldnt ask other to pay for what they
dont buy

SNOW WHITE

Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt
and Uncle because her parents were dead.

One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle
because they both wanted to go to America and they didnt have enough money to take
Snow White.

Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best
if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle
were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods.

Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside
and fell asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found
Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, what is
your name? Snow White said, My name is Snow White.

Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, If you wish, you may live here with us. Snow White said, Oh
could I? Thank you. Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and finally Snow White
and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.

Generic Structur

(Orientation)
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt and Uncle
because her parents were dead.

(Complication)
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because
they both wanted to go to America and they didnt have enough money to take Snow White.

Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she
ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having
breakfast. She ran away into the woods.

(Resolution)
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell
asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found
Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, what is
your name? Snow White said, My name is Snow White.

Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, If you wish, you may live here with us. Snow White said, Oh
could I? Thank you. Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and finally Snow White
and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.

THREE FISHES
Once, three fishes lived in a pond. One evening, some fishermen passed by the pond and saw
the fishes. 'This pond is full of fish', they told each other excitedly. 'We have never fished here
before. We must come back tomorrow morning with our nets and catch these fish!' Then the
fishermen left.
When the eldest of the three fishes heard this, he was troubled. He called the other fishes
together and said, 'Did you hear what the fishermen said? We must leave this pond at once. The
fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!' The second of the three fishes agreed. 'You are
right', he said. 'We must leave the pond.'
But the youngest fish laughed. 'You are worrying without reason', he said. 'We have lived in this
pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. Why should these men return? I am not
going anywhere - my luck will keep me safe.'
The eldest of the fishes left the pond that very evening with his entire family. The second fish
saw the fishermen coming in the distance early next morning and left the pond at once with all
his family. The third fish refused to leave even then.
The fishermen arrived and caught all the fish left in the pond. The third fish's luck did not help
him - he too was caught and killed.
The fish who saw trouble ahead and acted before it arrived as well as the fish who acted as soon
as it came both survived. But the fish who relied only on luck and did nothing at all died. So also
in life.

Generic Structur

(Orientation)
Once, three fishes lived in a pond. One evening, some fishermen passed by the pond and saw
the fishes. 'This pond is full of fish', they told each other excitedly. 'We have never fished here
before. We must come back tomorrow morning with our nets and catch these fish!' Then the
fishermen left.
(Complication)
When the eldest of the three fishes heard this, he was troubled. He called the other fishes
together and said, 'Did you hear what the fishermen said? We must leave this pond at once. The
fishermen will return tomorrow and kill us all!' The second of the three fishes agreed. 'You are
right', he said. 'We must leave the pond.'
But the youngest fish laughed. 'You are worrying without reason', he said. 'We have lived in this
pond all our lives, and no fisherman has ever come here. Why should these men return? I am not
going anywhere - my luck will keep me safe.'
(Resolution)
The eldest of the fishes left the pond that very evening with his entire family. The second fish
saw the fishermen coming in the distance early next morning and left the pond at once with all
his family. The third fish refused to leave even then.
The fishermen arrived and caught all the fish left in the pond. The third fish's luck did not help
him - he too was caught and killed.
(Coda)
The fish who saw trouble ahead and acted before it arrived as well as the fish who acted as soon
as it came both survived. But the fish who relied only on luck and did nothing at all died. So also
in life.

THE SMARTEST ANIMAL

Once there was a farmer from Laos. Every morning and every evening, he ploughed his field
with his buffalo. One day, a tiger saw the farmer and his buffalo working. The tiger was
surprised to see a big animal listen to a small animal. He wanted to know more about the buffalo
and the man.

After the man went home, the tiger spoke to the buffalo. You are so big and strong. Why do you
do everything the man tells you? the buffalo answered, Oh the man is very intelligent.

The Tiger Asked, Can you tell me how intelligent he is? No, I cant tell you, Said The
Buffalo. But you can ask him added buffalo.

So next day the tiger said to the man, Can I see your intelligence? But the man answered, It at
home. Can you go and get it? asked the tiger. Yes said the man, But Im afraid you will
kill my buffalo when I gone. Can I tie you to a tree?

After the man tied the tiger to the tree, he didnt go home to get his intelligence. He took his
plough and hit the tiger. Then he said, Now you know about my intelligence even you havent
seen it.

Generic Structur

Orientation :
Once there was a farmer from Laos. Every morning and every evening, he ploughed his field
with his buffalo.

Complication :
One day, a tiger saw the farmer and his buffalo working. The tiger was surprised to see a big
animal listen to a small animal. He wanted to know more about the buffalo and the man.

After the man went home, the tiger spoke to the buffalo. You are so big and strong. Why do you
do everything the man tells you? the buffalo answered, Oh the man is very intelligent.
Resolution :
The Tiger Asked, Can you tell me how intelligent he is? No, I cant tell you, Said The
Buffalo. But you can ask him added buffalo.

So next day the tiger said to the man, Can I see your intelligence? But the man answered, It at
home. Can you go and get it? asked the tiger. Yes said the man, But Im afraid you will
kill my buffalo when I gone. Can I tie you to a tree?

After the man tied the tiger to the tree, he didnt go home to get his intelligence. He took his
plough and hit the tiger. Then he said, Now you know about my intelligence even you havent
seen it.

MALIN KUNDANG

Once Upon a time, lived a diligent boy named Malin Kundang. He lived in the seashore with his
mother. They were very poor, but they lived quiet and harmonious.

One day, a big ship closed to the beach near their village. They asked peoples to join work in
their ship and went to the cross island. Malin Kundang wanted to join with them because he
wanted to improve his familys life. But his mother didnt permit him. She worried to Malin.
Malin still kept his argument and finally he sailed with the bigship.Several years later, Malin
Kundang succed and he became rich trader. Then, he came to his native village with his beatiful
wife, but his wife didnt know Malins real descent. His happy mother quickly approached Malin
and brought a plate of village cake, Malins Favorite. But Malin didnt admit that woman as his
poor mother, and then he kicked the village cakewhich brought by his mother until scattered.

His mother very broken heart because MAlin rebellious to her, who had growth him. Then, his
mother cursed Malin became stone.Suddenly, the bigship which Malins had was vacillated by a
big storm and all of his crewman tossed aside out. Malin realized that was his fault that
rebellious his mother. He bowed down and became a stone.

Generic Structur

Orientation

Once Upon a time, lived a diligent boy named Malin Kundang. He lived in the seashore with his
mother. They were very poor, but they lived quiet and harmonious.

Complication

One day, a big ship closed to the beach near their village. They asked peoples to join work in
their ship and went to the cross island. Malin Kundang wanted to join with them because he
wanted to improve his familys life. But his mother didnt permit him. She worried to Malin.
Malin still kept his argument and finally he sailed with the bigship.Several years later, Malin
Kundang succed and he became rich trader. Then, he came to his native village with his beatiful
wife, but his wife didnt know Malins real descent. His happy mother quickly approached Malin
and brought a plate of village cake, Malins Favorite. But Malin didnt admit that woman as his
poor mother, and then he kicked the village cakewhich brought by his mother until scattered.

Resolution

His mother very broken heart because MAlin rebellious to her, who had growth him. Then, his
mother cursed Malin became stone.Suddenly, the bigship which Malins had was vacillated by a
big storm and all of his crewman tossed aside out. Malin realized that was his fault that
rebellious his mother. He bowed down and became a stone.

MONKEYS AND CAP SELLER

Once, a cap seller was passing through a jungle. He was very tired and needed to rest. Then, he
stopped and spread a cloth under a tree. He placed his bag full of caps near him and lay down
with his cap on his head.

The cap seller had a sound sleep for one hour. When he got up, the first thing he did was to look
into his bag. He was startled when he found all his caps were not there.
When he looked up the sky, he was very surprised to see monkeys sitting on the branches of a
tree, each of the monkeys is wearing a cap of on its head. They had evidently done it to imitate
him
He decided to get his caps back by making a humble request to the monkeys. In return, the
monkeys only made faces of him. When he begun to make gesture, the monkeys also imitated
him.
At last he found a clever idea. Monkeys are a great imitator, he thought. So he took off his
own cap and threw it down on the ground. And as he had expected, all the monkeys took off the
caps and threw the caps down on the ground. Quickly, he stood up and collected the caps, put
them back into his bag and went away.

Generic Structure:

Orientation: The cap seller as the participant (main character), once time as time setting, and in
the jungle as place setting. We note from discussion that the elements of orientation is shortly
answering who, when and where of the story.

Complication: The cap seller wants the monkeys to bring back his caps but the monkeys do not
return them. Of course this makes the cap seller face a problem. Complication in a narrative text
is not always in single problem. That is we know a major conflict and minor conflict.
Resolution: The cap seller gets the monkey to bring back the cap by acting of throwing his own
cap. The monkeys imitate what he has done so the problem is is solved. This story has happy
ending as the cap seller has his caps returned.