Introduction

We students taking Additional Mathematics are required to carry

out a project work while we are in Form 5. This year the Curriculum
Development Division, Ministry of Education has prepared four tasks for
us. We are to choose and complete only one task based on our area of
interest. This project can be done in groups or individually, but each of
us is expected to submit an individually written report. Upon completion
of the Additional Mathematics Project Work, we are to gain valuable
experiences and able to:
 Apply and adapt a variety of problem solving strategies to
solve
routine and non-routine problems;
 Experience classroom environments which are
challenging,
interesting and meaningful and hence improve their thinking
skills.
 Experience classroom environments where knowledge
and skills
are applied in meaningful ways in solving real-life problems
 Experience classroom environments where expressing
ones
mathematical thinking, reasoning and communication are
highly
encouraged and expected
 Experience classroom environments that stimulate and
enhance
effective learning.
 Acquire effective mathematical communication through
oral and
writing, and to use the language of mathematics to express
mathematical ideas correctly and precisely
 Enhance acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills
through problem-solving in ways that increase interest and
confidence
 Prepare ourselves for the demand of our future
undertakings and
in workplace
 Realise that mathematics is an important and powerful
tool in
solving real-life problems and hence develop positive attitude
towards mathematics.
 Train ourselves not only to be independent learners but
also to
collaborate, to cooperate, and to share knowledge in an
engaging
and healthy environment
 Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and
effectively Train ourselves to appreciate the intrinsic
values of mathematics
and to become more creative and innovative
 Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics
We are expected to submit the project work within three weeks from
the first day the task is being administered to us. Failure to submit the
written report will result in us not receiving certificate.
Appreciation

Thank you to God for giving the will to do my additional

mathematics project. Secondly, I would like to thank the principle of
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Taman Pelangi, Pn Hajah Maznah bt
Othman for giving the permission to do my Additional Mathematics
Project Work. I also like to thank my Additional Mathematics teacher,
Pn. Hanizah Mafoz for the guide and giving useful and important
information for me to complete this project work. Besides that, I would
like to thank my parents for their support and encouragement. Lastly, a
special thanks to all my friends for their help and cooperation in
searching for information and completing this project work.

History of indices
No clear consensus has emerged on who created the first price
index. The earliest reported research in this area came from
Welshman Rice Vaughan who examined price level change in
his
1675 book A Discourse of Coin and Coinage. Vaughan wanted to
separate the inflationary impact of the influx of precious metals brought
bySpain from the New World from the effect due tocurren c y
debasement. Vaughan compared labor statutes from his own
time to
similar statutes dating back to Edward III. These statutes set
wages for
certain tasks and provided a good record of the change in wage levels.
Vaughan reasoned that the market for basic labor did not fluctuate
much with time and that a basic laborers salary would probably buy the
same amount of goods in different time periods, so that a laborer's
salary acted as a basket of goods. Vaughan's analysis indicated
thatprice levels in England had risen six to eightfold over the
preceding
century.

(b) Record the items and their prices systematically as in Table 1. Since
items maybe differently packed, be sure to use consistent
measurements for each item selected so that comparison can be done
easily and accurately.