La Salle College

2GHistoryProject2016-172ndterm
Theme:FrenchrevolutionandNapoleonBonaparte
Topics:RobespierreandtheFrenchRevolution
NapoleonicWarsandtheimpactonmodernpolitical&
socialdevelopment
Dateofsubmission:3April2017

Group Leader: Wu Chi Laam (30)

Group Members: Kan Cheuk Hin (7)
Lou Yuanzhe (16)
Ma Tin Lok (18)
Mak Chi Hang (19)
Wong Chun Him (27)

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 Content Page

Introduction to Robespierre p.3

Introduction to the Reign of Terror p.3

Timeline of the cause and the period of the Reign of Terror p.3 &4

Introduction to the Napoleonic Wars p.5

Timeline of the Napoleonic Wars p.6 & 7

Impacts of the Napoleonic Wars p.8

Conclusion p.9

List of references p.10

Reflection p.11 & 12

Work distribution table p.13

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 Robespierre and the French Revolution

Who is Robespierre?

Maximilien Franois Marie Isidore de Robespierre was a French Lawyer

and politician, and was one of the best-known Estate-General in starting
the French revolution.

What is the Reign of Terror?

The Reign of terror is the time that French became a republic, the ruling of
radical revolutionaries which is led by Robespierre. They ruled France with
terror and they executed thousands of people not supporting the revolution.

Timeline of the cause and the period of Reign of Terror:

1791 Robespierre carried out the motion, in that no member

of the Legislative Assembly should be eligible for the
next, and was appointed public accuser. Later, followed
by the flight to Varennes, Lafayettes last effort to
control the right of insurrection of the Champ-de-Mars,
the abject terror, of Robespierre, his hysterical appeal to

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 the Jacobin Club, the theatrical oath taken by every
member to defend his life, and his conduct home in
triumph by the mob at the close of the Constituent
Assembly.
1792 Later, he excluded himself from the new assembly, but
continued to be politically active, as he himself is a
member of the Jacobin Club. In April he resigned his
post of public accuser. In August he presented to the
Legislative Assembly a petition for a Revolutionary
Tribunal and a new Convention.
1793 Louis XVI was executed for treason and the Reign of
Terror started on September 5. Marie Antoinette was
the first victim during this period, she was harassed by
the guards and was executed later. Then, thousands of
people who didnt support the revolution were also
executed by Robespierre.
1794 In the course of nine months, 16,000 people were
guillotined, but executions of those labeled "internal
enemies" of France took place throughout the country.
On July 28, Robespierre was executed, the Reign of
terror ended.

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 Napoleonic Wars and the impact on modern political &
social development

The Napoleonic Wars:

The Napoleonic Wars refer to the wars and conflicts between French and
European countries during the period when Napoleon the First ruled
French. It started in 1803 and ended in 1815 ( lasted for 12 years). The
Napoleonic Wars were in fact proceeded from the wars of the French
Revolution in 1789. The Napoleonic Wars led to a reform in the military
system of Europe. Soldiers were selected by conscription( every citizens
that meet demands are forced to join the army for a period of time). This
made the scale of the Napoleonic Wars unprecedentedly huge. French had
become very strong due to the Napoleonic Wars, but after Napoleon lost in
the Russian Empire invasion in 1812, the power of French had been greatly
reduced. Napoleon lost eventually in 1814. The Bourbons were restored.
Napoleon was exiled to Elba Island.

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Timeline of the Napoleonic Wars:

1789-1797 Louis XVI was executed. War of the First Coalition was
formed by 6 countries, trying to defeat French. French won.
1798-1804 War of the Second Coalition was formed. With the leading of
Lazare Carnot, French lost in 1790. In 1800, French
defeated Austria. In 1804, Napoleon crowned himself king.
1805 War of the Third Coalition was formed. French army was
defeated on the sea. Since then, French no longer had the
power to fight over Britain on the sea.
Napoleon won Austria. Vienna was captured by French.
1806-1807 War of the Fourth Coalition was formed. Prussia was
completely defeated. Berlin was captured.
French defeated Prussia-Russia Alliance.
1808 Napoleons army invaded Spain.
The Peninsular War broke out between French and the
allied powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal. The allied
powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal won.
1809-1811 In the War of the Fifth Coalition, only Britain was involved.
On 22nd May 1809, the Battle of Aspern-Essling broke out.
Napoleon was defeated by Austria. However, he defeated
Austria again in July.
In 1810, the territory of French had reached its peak.
Prussia and Russia had become allies of French.
1812 Relationship between French and Russia worsened.
In April 1812, Sweden, Russia and Britain conclude a secret
contract of alliance to stand against French.
Russia used the scorched-earth policy to defeat French.
Napoleon lost many soldiers. Only 27 thousand soldiers
were left when Napoleon left Moscow.
1813-1814 Witnessing Napoleons great loss in Russia, the War of the
Sixth Coalition was formed.

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1815 The Seventh Coalition pitted Britain, Russia, Prussia,
Sweden and some other states against France. On the
March 29,Napoleon arrives in Paris which is the beginning of
of the Hundred Days.Napoleon wanted to separate the
seventh coalition but he finally lost because of his wrong
estimation. Napoleon lost the battle of Waterloo and finally
surrendered to the Britain. Napoleon

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Impacts on modern political development:

During the rule of Napoleon in France, he carried out many reforms on

politics and the government, such as the centralizing of the government,
removing the privileges of the nobles. The centralizing of government can
control the government firmly in the hands of the national government. The
government could become more efficient in that way. Removing the
privileges of the nobles can fulfill equality. Therefore, the nobles cannot
held the positions in the government and the army, instead, the third estate
such as the bourgeoisie can gain its position in the government.

Impacts on modern social development:

During the rule of Napoleon in France, he conquered many European
nations and spread the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity throughout
these nations. The leaders of other empires, however, did not like these
ideas as it challenged the feudalism status that the clergy and the nobles
hold in the society. Despite him being defeated and exiled, he had a great
impact on the shaping of the modern social development in Europe.

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 Conclusion

These are all the things we have written about the Reign of
Terror and the Napoleonic Wars.We knew more about Reign
Terror and terrible things have happened during that time.The
death of Antoine Louis de Saint-Just and Maximilien Franois
Marie Isidore de Robespierre,War of the First Coalition.
We also knew about Napoleonic s great army and wild
ambition.Napoleons kingdom became the strongest country
in the whole Europe.But the lost of the battle of Waterloo
defeated him. Although he has lost the war finally,he has
done a lot of contribution to the further development of the
world. For example, the formation of the empire on which the
sun never sets, spread of democracy and making uses of law.
We have learned how to improve ourselves and the society
from these historical events. We knew that we should take the
consequences and make every decision carefully. Being a
king, we should also listen to different voices instead of only
some of it.
We also learned more skills like search and selecting
information from the internet,distribution of works and
cooperation during the project because we evenly distributed
the work to every of us. We really learned a lot from it and it
can help us to do the projects in the future.

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 List of References
Wikipedia- Napoleonic Wars
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars
Wikipedia-Reign of Terror
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reign_of_Terror
Timeline of Napoleonic Wars
http://www.napoleonsims.com/timeline/timeline.htm
Global Britannica
https://global.britannica.com/event/Reign-of-Terror
Robespierre and the Terror
http://www.historytoday.com/marisa-linton/robespierre-and
-terror
History of War
http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/wars_napoleonic.html
The National Interest
http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-5-biggest-lessons-the
-napoleonic-wars-12886

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 Reflection of group members:

Wu Chi Laam (30) :

After a lot of researches and hard work, I gained more
information about the Reign of Terror. Also, I knew more about
the impact of the Napoleonic Wars. I think it is a very precious
opportunity for me to work with group mates who are
considerate, especially Ma Tin Lok. I learnt to cooperate with
my group mates and to work together as a team. I am looking
forward to doing another new project with these group mates.

Kan Cheuk Hin (7) :

After this project, I learnt a lot. Firstly, from the research and
analysis of the Reign of Terror, I learnt more about tyranny and
Robespierre. Secondly, from the research and analysis of the
Napoleonic Wars, I learnt more about Napoleon and the wars
lead by him, also, I understood the modern social and political
impacts of Napoleon being the king of France in the old days.

Lou Yuanzhe (16) :

I learned a lot of things from the project.Firstly, it helped me to know
more about things happened during Napoleonic Wars and French
Revolution. I learned the things we did not learn in the textbooks.I
learned that we should carefully do every decision and we should take
the consequences. Napoleon did wrong decisions during the
Napoleonic Wars, so he lost the battles.I also learned how to
cooperate with my group mates
and some presentation and researching skills. It can help me
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to do the projects in the future more easily.
Ma Tin Lok (18) :
I have learnt many things about the Napoleonic Wars and
Robespierre and the French Revolution. From the history of the
Napoleonic Wars, I have learnt not to trust others easily. Russia
and French were once allies, but soon Russia choose to join the
countries against French. Also, I have leant that people are
selfish. They obey the ones who give them benefits. They help
the strong ones to bully the weak ones.

Mak Chi Hang (19) :

During this project, I have learnt a few things. Firstly, I have learnt
more about the reign of terror and Robespierre. I also learnt more
about the process of the Napoleonic Wars and its impacts. From
the Napoleonic Wars, I have learnt that whenever carrying out
decisions, we should also think the consequences instead of just
thinking of the positive impacts . Finally, I learnt how to
summarize information and data from the Internet .

Wong Chun Him (27) :

After this project, I have learnt many things from Napoleonic
Wars, Robespierre and the French Revolution. Firstly, I know
more about the historical events that happened during the Reign
of Terror and the Napoleonic Wars. Secondly, I recognise the
positive impacts of Napoleonic Wars, such as carrying out
reforms which benefits the third estate and practise equality.
Lastly, I have learnt the presentation skills by showing our data
clearly with visual aids such as using pictures and tables.

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 Work distribution table
Group members Work done

Kan Cheuk Hin (7) Introduction and table of Robespierre and the
Reign of terror, cover page design, content page
Lou Yuanzhe(16) Research of the timeline of the Napoleonic Wars,
effects of the Napoleonic Wars,reference
links,conclusion.
Ma Tin Lok (18) Cover page design, Research and
summarization on information of Napoleonic
Wars
Mak Chi Hang (19) Research and summarization of the table of
Robespierre and the table of the Reign of terror,
cover page design
Wong Chun Him (27) Research of the table of Robespierre and the
Reign of terror, impacts on the political
development
Wu Chi Laam (30) Cover page design, research and summarization
of table of Robespierre and the Reign of terror,
the impact of modern social development

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