9e Operation Sequence

GE Energy Products Europe
Rev. : A
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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION
OPERATION SEQUENCES
1. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. FOREWORD........................................................................................................................ 3
1.2. OPERATING SEQUENCES ................................................................................................ 3
1.3. SCREEN SHOTS................................................................................................................. 3
2. OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY ............................................................................................. 4
3. COOLDOWN OPERATION .................................................................................................... 4
3.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 4
3.2. SEQUENCES ...................................................................................................................... 5
3.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................... 6
4. NORMAL START-UP ............................................................................................................. 7
4.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 7
4.2. SEQUENCES ...................................................................................................................... 8
4.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 11
5. SYNCHRONIZING ................................................................................................................ 12
5.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 12
5.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 13
6. FUEL TRANSFER ................................................................................................................ 14
6.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 16
7. LOAD PICK UP .................................................................................................................... 18
7.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 19
8. LEAD MOTORS.................................................................................................................... 20
8.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 20
9. NORMAL SHUTDOWN ........................................................................................................ 22
9.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 22
10. AUXILIARIES SHUTDOWN ................................................................................................. 24
10.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 24
11. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN ................................................................................................. 25
11.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 25
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OMMO_TOC4_9E_E0616_EN_V7 Revision: A Date: 05/2007
Rev. : A
Page : 2/32
OPERATION
12. ON-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH......................................................................................... 26

12.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 26
13. OFF-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH....................................................................................... 28
13.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 29
14. WATER INJECTION ............................................................................................................. 31
14.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 32

OMMO_TOC4_9E_E0616_EN_V7 Revision: A Date: 05/2007
Rev. : A
Page : 3/32
OPERATION
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. FOREWORD
After on-site installation, the first commissioning of the gas turbine is carried out with the
participation of General Electric Engineers and according to the specific commissioning
procedures.
The present document, which relates to the operation of the gas turbine, only addresses
the normal operating procedures.
Each technical intervention on the gas turbine must be backed up by a work permit.
Strict adherence to the work permit procedures guarantees the safety of the personnel as
well as observance of the initial functional configuration of equipments.
1.2. OPERATING SEQUENCES

The sequences described in the tables below includes initial conditions, sequences and
final conditions. The sequences are represented in four columns:
The first column, titled Input, lists the manually initiated actions and significant
thresholds in sequences execution.
The second column describes the main events.
The third column, titled Output, lists the principal motors.
The last column, title Status, specifies the status of the relevant component or
sequence :
0 means that the motor stops.
1 means that the motor starts.
2min means that the sequence lasts 2 minutes.
1.3. SCREEN SHOTS
The screen shots included in this document are carried out without equipment of control
connected to the gas turbine. The posted physical values are thus not representative of
operating parameters .
Example: -18C for the exhaust temperature.
These sights only facilitate the understanding of the text.

OMMO_4_9E_E0616_EN_V7 Revision: A Date: 05/2007
Rev. : A
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OPERATION
2. OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY
The operator is a person, authorized by his employer, who is familiar with the operation of
a turbo-generator used for electrical power generation.
His role consists in conducting the installation in accordance with the relevant operational,
system and personal safety procedures.
3. COOLDOWN OPERATION
3.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists of starting the shaft turning gear after a complete shutdown of the
gas turbine.
The initial conditions are as follows :
No works in progress on the gas turbine , no work permit opened.
Shaft at complete standstill.
Control cabinets energized and operational.
Power equipment available and operational.
Fluids available with the correct levels.
No unjustified alarms.
Fire detection and protection are operational.
Availability of fuel is not required if the machine is not to be fired.

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OPERATION
3.2. SEQUENCES

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
Input Description Output State

Cooldown
The cooldown is selected.
Control :On
Master control : The visual alarms on the turbine compartment blink to Blinking
Start indicate the imminent start-up of the gas turbine. duration
The auxiliary oil pump starts, the oil pressure builds up. 88QA 1
The generator lift oil pumps start. 88QB 1
The drive motor of the torque converter blades puts the
converter in the maximum torque position.
One cooling water pump starts. 88WC 1
The starting motor starts. 88CR 1
The shaft rotates, the "zero speed" signal detects the
14HR
start of rotation.
The shaft speed reaches a point where it can be
L14HT 88CR 0
maintained by the turning motor.
The turning motor is active. 88TG 1
converter in the turning torque position.
Turbine at turning speed.
3.3. FINAL CONDITIONS
The shaft line rotates at low speed and the gas turbine is available for start-up.
De-selection of the turning gear will stop the shaft line turning sequence if the turbine is
cold.

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OPERATION
4. NORMAL START-UP

This operation consists in starting up the gas turbine from standstill or from turning gear
speed to nominal speed.

No works in progress on the gas turbine, no work permit opened.
Shaft line at standstill or at turning gear speed.
No alarm on the control cabinets.
Fire detection and protection operational.
Control cabinets energized and operational.
Power equipment available and operational.
Fluids available with the correct levels.
Fuel available.
Start-up permissive green status.
Power grid available if the machine is started up for electrical power supply or steam
production.
If the shaft is already in turning gear sequence, as soon as start command is initiated, the
turning gear motor stops, the starting motor starts and the sequence proceeds as
described below.
When the gas turbine has been at standstill for more than two days without barring, it is
recommended to start the auxiliaries first and keep the machine at turning speed for few
minutes, as described in the above chapter cool down sequence. After few minutes
running, the normal start up sequence may be initiated.

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OPERATION
4.2. SEQUENCES

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OPERATION

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OPERATION

Mode Select :
The automatic mode is selected.
Auto
The visual alarms on the turbine compartment blink to Blinking
Start command
indicate the imminent start of the following components : duration
The emergency lube oil pump proceed to test sequence. 88QE 1/0
The turbine compartment ventilation is running. 88BT 1
The gas compartment ventilation is running. 88VL 1
The lead liquid fuel forwarding pump starts if distillate is
88FD 1
selected.
The auxiliary oil pump starts, the oil pressure builds up. 88QA 1
The oil mist eliminator fan starts. 88QV 1
The generator lift oil pumps start. 88QB 1
converter in the maximum torque position.
The high pressure oil pump starts. 88HQ 1
The starting motor starts. 88CR 1
The shaft starts, the "zero speed" signal detects start of
14HR
rotation.
If the operator use gas fuel for start up, the leak test is
14HT
activated.
14HM The shaft speed reaches the firing threshold.
converter in the minimum torque position.
The first fin fan coolers set starts.
The next fin fan coolers set starts according to cooling 88FC 1
water or oil or generator stator temperature
The exhaust duct purge cycle is activated 3 min
The turbine speed decreases to reach firing speed
The firing sequence is activated.
The firing transformers are energised.
The fuel valves open.
Presence of flame is detected in the combustion
28FD 28FD 1
chambers.
One cooling water pump starts. 88WC 1
The ventilation of the load compartment is active. 88VG 1
After firing, the fuel flow is maintained at its warm up
value for one minute.
The fuel flow gradually increases to accelerate the shaft.
The atomizing air booster pump starts 88AB 1
The generator lift pump stops. 88QB 0

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OPERATION

14HA The "acceleration" speed threshold is reached.
14HC The self-sustaining speed threshold is reached.
The starting motor stops. 88CR 0
14HS The auxiliary oil pump stops. 88QA 0
The high pressure oil pump stops. 88HQ 0
The first cooling fan of the exhaust frame starts. 88TK1 1
The second fan starts a few seconds after the first. 88TK2 1
The generator is excited.
Turbine at nominal speed.
Lubrication of the shaft line is ensured by the shaft driven oil pump.
Gas turbine is at nominal speed, generator excited at nominal voltage, turbo-generator set
ready to be synchronized to the grid for electrical power supply.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
5. SYNCHRONIZING
This operation consists in synchronizing the turbo-generator set to the grid for electrical
power generation.
The initial conditions are as follows:

Turbine at nominal speed.
Generator excited at nominal voltage.
Grid available.
Manual synchronizing is allowed if the following conditions are fulfilled:

Identical generator and grid voltages.
Identical generator and grid frequencies.
Identical phase.
Manual operation is the responsibility of the operator. Automatic synchronizing process is
to be preferred.
RESYNC push button has the same function as automatic synchronizing. It must be used
to allow automatic re-synchronizing.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
5.2. SEQUENCES

Sync Control : The Speedtronic adjust the speed of the unit and the
AUTO SYNC generator voltage.
The generator circuit breaker closes automatically.
Unit reach spinning reserve load.

Turbo-generator set is operational to produce full electrical power supply.
Generator voltage can be adjusted manually to satisfy the reactive power conditions.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
6. FUEL TRANSFER

Successful fuel transfer is achieved only if the fuel is in operating condition :
System available and all normally open valves open
No alarm on the system
Fuel available at the right condition : pressure and temperature
Liquid fuel in the tank at acceptable level
1. Manual transfer ( Gas Turbine at full speed )

Gas to liquid
When the turbine is running on gas fuel, the fuel changeover is initiated if liquid fuel is
selected by the operator.
Gas fuel to liquid fuel transfer is permitted at full speed no load or on load.
A time delay (about 30 seconds) is automatically required to feed the liquid fuel lines.
At the end of this priming, liquid fuel flow begins to increase and gas fuel flow to
decrease. During transfer operation, both gas fuel and liquid fuel are burned
simultaneously.
Liquid to gas
When the turbine is running on liquid fuel, the fuel changeover is initiated if gas fuel is
selected by the operator.
A time delay (about 30 seconds) is required to feed the gas fuel lines. At the end of this
priming, gas fuel flow begins to increase and liquid fuel flow to decrease. During
transfer operation, both gas and liquid fuel are burned simultaneously.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
2. Automatic transfer ( Gas Turbine at full speed )

Gas to liquid
Automatic fuel transfer concerns only gas fuel to liquid fuel as the liquid fuel is the back
up fuel.
The signal for automatic changeover is given by :
Fuel gas pressure low or
Fuel gas temperature low or
Speed ratio valve stroke higher than allowable set point or
Gas scrubber level high.
In case of low gas pressure or SRV stroke mismatch, the time delay for feeding is
bypassed.
Operation on distillate fuel shall continue until acceptable gas fuel conditions are re-
established. Changeover to gas fuel shall be manually initiated by the operator with
regard to the above conditions.

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OPERATION
6.2. SEQUENCES

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OPERATION

The gas turbine is running with the selected fuel.

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OPERATION
7. LOAD PICK UP

This operation consists in adjusting the active power.

Turbo-generator set synchronized to the grid.
Grid available for loading.
The operator can choose one of the following loading modes:

Preselect Load: The load reaches a preselected power according to a loading slope
defined by the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels Preselect mode selection.
Base Load: The load increase until the base load is reached according to a loading slope
defined by the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels Base mode selection.
Peak Load: The load increase up to peak load according to a loading slope defined by
the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels Peak mode selection.
External Load: The load follows the external load command given by remote operation
according to a loading slope defined by the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels Extenal mode selection.
Manual: Action on + / - Speed push buttons allows the operator to adjust the load.
Fast Load can be selected For each of the loading modes described above.
The operator can choose one of the following generator modes:

Off: Automatic voltage control by generator control.
PF: Automatic Power factor control according to setpoint selected by the operator.
VAR: Automatic Reactive Power control according to setpoint selected by the operator

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
7.2. SEQUENCES

The set generates the power required by the operator.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
8. LEAD MOTORS
Some motors and associated driven components like pumps, fans, boosters, are
redundant and running in a lead/lag philosophy which means that the operating motor is
the lead motor, the other been in standby. The operator has the choice to select the
motor to run by #1 Lead or #2 Lead, and to change over to the standby motor at any time,
to balance the running hours. Changeover is manual, or automatic in case of failure of the
active motor.
Auto Rotate : Enable / Disable : if Enable is selected, the automatic change over occurs at
each starting sequence of the gas turbine. If Disable is selected, the lead motor selected
by the operator remain the same at each gas turbine starting up.
Prior to any manual changeover, check that the relevant motor and associated system are
available.
8.2. SEQUENCES

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
8.2.1. MANUAL CHANGE OVER

#1 Lead or The operator select the standby motor to become the
#2 Lead lead motor.
Confirm select The operator confirm the choice.
The standby motor starts and keeps running. 1
The previous lead motor stops after and become
0
standby.
8.2.2. AUTOMATIC CHANGE OVER
Suppose two redundant motors and associated driven components M1 and M2. M1 is the
lead motor, M2 is the standby motor. If M1 fails, M2 starts automatically, a corresponding
alarm will inform the operator. The speedtronic logic will keep in memory that M1 is lead,
the operator must select M2 lead to confirm unavailability of M1.

Selected motor is active, the other motor has stopped.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
9. NORMAL SHUTDOWN

This operation consists in shutting down the gas turbine-generator set.

1 - Set synchronized to the grid.
Or
2 - Gas Turbine at full speed no-load.
9.2. SEQUENCES

1- Set synchronized to the grid:
The load drops down to the reverse power relay
Master control :
threshold according to a loading slope defined by the
Stop
Speedtronic.
The sets circuit breaker opens.
The compressor bleed valves open.
2-Gas turbine at full speed no-load:
Deceleration of shaft due to decreased fuel flow.
14HS The auxiliary oil pump starts. 88QA 1
The high pressure oil pump starts. 88HQ 1
The cooling fans of the exhaust frame stop. 88TK1,2 0
14HC The atomizing air booster pump stops 88AB 0
28FD The loss of flames is detected.
If gas fuel is used, the gas leak test is activated.
One cooling water pump stops. 88WC 0
The ventilation of the load compartment is stopped. 88VG 0
One of the bearing lift pump starts. 88QB 1
14HM The fin fan coolers stops. 88FC 0
14HT Turning gear motor starts. 88TG 1
converter in the turning torque position.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
The shaft line is rotating at turning gear speed to allow the cooling cycle to be carried out.
Automatic shutdown is forbidden the first hours of cooling.
Running sequence of turbine compartment fan is according to turbine compartment
temperature, ambient and whellspace temperature.
Starting sequence is possible at any time.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
10. AUXILIARIES SHUTDOWN

This operation consists of stopping the shaft turning gear after a complete cooling down
period of the gas turbine.
10.2. SEQUENCES

Cooldown
The turning gear motor stops. 88TG 0
control : OFF
The shaft line speed decrease.
14HR 14HR confirm that the shaft line stops.
The bearing lift pump stops. 88QB 0
The auxiliary oil pump stops. 88QA 0
The high pressure oil pump stops. 88HQ 0
The gas turbine is at standstill.

Starting sequence is possible at any time.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
11. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
This manual or automatic operation consists in quickly closing the fuel valve in order to
stop the fuel flow.
This action can be initiated with the gas turbine loaded, starting or in normal shutdown
condition:
Either by pressing an emergency shutdown pushbutton.
Or through the operation of an electrical or mechanical protection.
11.2. SEQUENCES
The sequence is similar to a normal shutdown, with instantaneous loss of flame.

An alarm indicates the cause of the fault.
Gas turbine is at turning gear speed.

It is imperative to eliminate the fault that has caused the emergency shutdown before any
restart of the Gas Turbine.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
12. ON-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH
This operation consists in carrying out a compressor wash at nominal speed.

Turbine at base load therefore IGVs are fully open.
Washing skid available.
The compressor inlet temperature is appropriate for the on line washing.
12.2. SEQUENCES

Rev. : A
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OPERATION

On Line Water
The on line washing is selected. 88BW 1
Wash : Start
After 30 minutes, washing stops automatically. 88BW 0
Gas turbine is running in a cleaner condition.

The next on line washing can not be started 24 hours after start up of the previous one.
Wash frequency depends on the site conditions and the operation of the gas turbine.
Follow-up of the main operating parameters as a function of the ambient conditions allows
to determine the need of washing.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
13. OFF-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH
This operation consists in carrying out a compressor wash sequence according to phases
A, B, C, D, E as indicated on the graph below :
A : turbine at starting speed: injection of water only then followed by injection of water and
detergent.
B : Turbine stopped to allow the detergent to work.
C : Turbine at starting speed: injection of water for rinsing.
D : Turbine stopped to allow the water to be recovered by gravity.
E : Turbine at starting speed for the drying period.
OFF line wash cycle

30
A B C D E
Turbine speed
20
10
0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90
Time

Gas turbine at standstill or at turning gear speed, in cold condition, i.e. difference
between highest wheelspace temperature and wash water temperature must not
exceed 67C. Example: if the water temperature is 70C, the temperature inside the
turbine should be less than or equal to 70 + 67 = 137C.
Ambient temperature higher than 4C to avoid any risk of frost.
Water Wash reserve available and at a temperature between 66C and 93C.
Detergent reserve available.
Compressor and gas turbine manual valves open or closed according to compressor
washing procedure established from information given in the maintenance chapter.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
13.2. SEQUENCES

Rev. : A
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OPERATION

Start up display Start up screen is displayed.
Mode Select :
The cranking mode is selected.
Crank
Master Control
The starting sequence is initiated. 88CR 1
: Start
Water wash
Water wash screen is displayed.
display
Off Line Water
Washing sequence starts.
Wash : Start
14HM The turbine starts up and reaches the cranking speed.
Compressor inlet guide vanes open to their maximum
value.
The exhaust frame blowers starts. 88TK 1
Start up of the washing pump. 88BW 1
Washing phase A is in progress
Off Line Water The operator actuates the OFF line washing shutdown
88BW 0
Wash : Stop push button.
The cranking motor stops. 88CR 0
The exhaust frame blowers stops. 88TK 0
Similar gas turbine sequence apply for rinsing and drying.
Duration of drying cycle depends from remaining water
flow at drain valves.

After compressor washing, the compressor valves must be back in original configuration
before to start and fire the gas turbine.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
14. WATER INJECTION
The water injection at the level of the G.T. combustion chambers is used to control the
NOx emission ratio during an operation with fuel.
The purpose is to reach the permitted NOx level according to the quantity and quality of
the fuel used (liquid or gas), by injecting water at the level of the combustion chambers.
The selection of the water injection starting-up is made from the HMI menu by the
operator.
The water injection selection is validated only if :
Water pressure at the inlet and outlet of the pump is correct.
Water flow in the permitted limits.
No opening problem of the stop valve.
The fuel flow is sufficient to require water injection.
The generator breaker is closed.

Rev. : A
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OPERATION
14.2. SEQUENCES

Water
injection The water injection sequence starts. 88WN 1
ON

The water injection flow is regulated by the fuel flow.


9e Operation Sequence

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12. ON-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH......................................................................................... 26

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1.2. OPERATING SEQUENCES

1.3. SCREEN SHOTS

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3.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

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Input Description Output State

3.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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4.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

The initial conditions are as follows :

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Input Description Output State

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Input Description Output State

4.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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5.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

The initial conditions are as follows:

Manual synchronizing is allowed if the following conditions are fulfilled:

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Input Description Output State

5.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Unit reach spinning reserve load.

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6.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

1. Manual transfer ( Gas Turbine at full speed )

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2. Automatic transfer ( Gas Turbine at full speed )

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6.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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7.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

The initial conditions are as follows:

The operator can choose one of the following loading modes:

The operator can choose one of the following generator modes:

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7.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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8.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

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8.2.1. MANUAL CHANGE OVER

Input Description Output State

8.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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9.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

The initial conditions are as follows :

Input Description Output State

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9.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

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10. AUXILIARIES SHUTDOWN

10.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

Input Description Output State

10.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

The gas turbine is at standstill.

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