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PERIFRICA (PICC)
*
Valria Corra de Jesus
**
Silvia Regina Secoli
RESUMO
O cateter venoso central de insero perifrica (PICC) um dispositivo intravenoso inserido atravs de uma veia
superficial da extremidade, o qual progride at a veia cava superior ou inferior, adquirindo caractersticas de um
cateter central. Este dispositivo possui um ou dois lumens, longo, flexvel, radiopaco, feito com material
bioestvel e biocompatvel. Apesar das inmeras vantagens, existem complicaes que podem comprometer o
uso do dispositivo. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi abordar as principais complicaes do uso do
PICC. A metodologia utilizada foi reviso bibliogrfica em peridicos de enfermagem encontrados nas bases de
dados PUBMED, LILACS e CAPES/OVID e livros especializados em terapia intravenosa. As complicaes
identificadas foram ocluso, flebite, mau posicionamento, sepse, trombose, infeco local, ruptura, embolizao
e dificuldade de remoo do cateter. Muitas dessas complicaes foram atribudas a uma tcnica assptica e
manipulao do dispositivo inadequadas. Assim, para que o sucesso desta prtica seja alcanado necessrio
que os profissionais busquem o conhecimento tcnico e cientfico por meio de treinamentos e habilitaes, para
evitar complicaes e saber intervir diante de problemas j instalados, no se esquecendo de qualificar a equipe
para evitar complicaes decorrentes da manipulao inadequada do cateter. Estas medidas contribuem para
reduzir o ndice de complicaes descrito na literatura, evidenciando que o PICC um importante aliado do
tratamento, alm de trazer resultados positivos qualidade da assistncia.
Palavras-chave: Cateterismo perifrico. Infuses endovenosas. Cuidados de enfermagem.
*
Acadmica de Enfermagem da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de So Paulo.
E-mail valeriausp@yahoo.com.br
**
Enfermeira. Doutora. Professora do Departamento de Enfermagem Mdico-Cirrgica da Escola de
Enfermagem da Universidade de So Paulo. E-mail secolisi@usp.br
ABSTRACT
The Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) is an intravenous device inserted through a superficial vein of
the extremity, progressing up to the superior or inferior vena cava, acquiring characteristics of a central catheter.
This device has one or two lumens, is long, flexible, radiopaque, made from biocompatible material. Despite
innumerable advantages, complications do exist and can compromise use of PICC. Considering that, the
objective of the present study was to approach the main complications when using PICC. The methodology used
was bibliographical reviews in Nursing journals at the PUBMED, LILACS and CAPES/OVID databases and in
books specialized in intravenous therapy. The identified complications were occlusion, phlebitis, bad positioning,
sepsis, thrombosis, local infection, rupture, embolism and difficulty in removing the catheter, often attributed to
inadequate aseptic techniques and device manipulation. Thus, in order to be successful in this practice,
professionals must seek scientific knowledge and training to be able to prevent complications and intervene on
already-existing problems. These measures contribute to reduce the levels of complications described in
literature, evidencing that the PICC is an important ally in the treatment, in addition to bringing positive results to
quality of assistance.
Key words: Catheterization peripheral. Infusions intravenous. Nursing care.
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Endereo para correspondncia: Valria Corra de Jesus. Endereo: Rua Giovanni Dsio, 1291. Vila Brasilndia.
So Paulo SP. CEP: 02846-180 . E-mail: valeriausp@yahoo.com.br