Name: Mac Borozan

Background Research

Directions: answer the following questions in complete sentences using

the links on schoology.

1. What are Newtons 3 laws of motion?

His first law states that an object in motion tends to stay in motion and
an object at rest tends to stay at rest with the same direction and speed.
His second law states that force is equal to mass multiplied by
acceleration. His third law states that for every action (force) there is an
equal and opposite reaction (force).

2. What is the scientific process?

The scienitific process is making a hypothesis and studying possible

outcomes based on scientific concepts. Then making a specific process of
expirementation and recording as much data as possible and analyzing
results.

3. What are variables? What is a dependent and independent variable?

Variables are things that change in an expirement. An independent
variable is the thing that the scientist will change in order to learn how it
effects the dependant variable or the variable that changes based on the
independent variable.

4. If you were to drop an egg from a high elevation, what do you PREDICT
would happen?
If I were to drop an egg from even only a few feet off the ground I predict
that it would break.

5. What is gravity? What is the speed of gravity; how fast would an

unprotected egg fall?
 Gravity is the force of attraction between masses. On Earth, because
Earth is so big, we small things are all drawn to the ceter of the Earth,
making things fall when you let go of them and keeping us on the ground.
The speed of gravity is 10.55 x 10 8 . The speed of the acceleration due to
gravity is 9.8 meters per second per second meaning that the speed of an
object that drops increases by 9.8 meters every second.

6. Will the egg ever reach the speed of gravity(aka free fall)? Why or why
not?
The egg would not reach free fall because free fall does not take into account
the opposite force, air resistance.

7. What is air resistance? And what are the 2 most common factors that
have an affect of air resistance?
Air resistance is the force of friction from air onto an object that is moving
through air. The two most common factors that affect air resistance are the
speed of the object and the cross-sectional area of the object. The more
surface area an object has the slower it will go because there is more auir
resistance.

8. Why do more massive objects fall faster than less massive objects?

A more massive object will accelerate faster than a less massive object
because based on Newtons second law the higher the mass, the more the
acceleration. Also a more massive object has a higher terminal velocity
meaning its rate of increase in speed is higher than that of a smaller object.

9. What is momentum? How is it changed?

An object that is moving has momentum. Momentum is mass that is in

motion. Momentum is equal to mass times velocity so the mass and velocity
effect momentum. The heavier something is and the more velocity is has
makes it have more momentum.

10. What is an impluse?

An objects change in momentum is its impulse.
 11. There are 3 collisons in a crash, what are they and explain what
happens.

The vehichle collison: Where the vehicle collides with an object that makes it
suddenly stop. This crushed the metal frame of the car and absorbs kinetic
energy.
The human collision: the car the humans are in stops, but the humans keep
going at the same velocity as the car was until they hit something that will
make their bodies stop, namely a seatbealt. If someone does not wear a
seatbelt their bodies will stop according to the next solid surface.
The internal collision: this is the collision that happens when a human body
absorbs kinetic energy but this does not stop the internal organs. The
internal organs still move at the same velocity as the car until the ribcage
stops them.

12. Name at least 5 safety features of a car.

Shatter resistant glass: glass that doesnt shatter easily so if a car crashes
the glass does not break onto the people in the car.
Seatbelts: To disperse kinetic energy during a crash.
Airbags: Similar to seatbelts they stop people from moving in a quick
decelleration crash.
Mirrors: a preventative method for drivers to know where other cars and
people are
Lights: For drivers to see other cars better and for pedestrians to see cars
better and for peope in cars to see pedestrains better.