T10107 YR02 P0ZEN 140001 - Rev.0 - Electrical System Design Criteria

FOR CONSTRUCTION
3 24.07.10
H.C.N
T-0112 24.07.10
0 2010-07-15 HS JLV JLV For Construction

Rev Date Prepared Checked Approved Details of Revision
Owner :
Owners Engineer :
Contractor
Project PC
T10107
2 x 685MW THERMAL POWER PLANT UAS
AT RAIPUR,CHHATTISGARH YR02
KKS
ZEN
Title Unit
P0
DESIGN CRITERIA
Reg. No.
FOR 140001
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS Rev.
0
Document No. Page-No.
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Record of Revisions
Rev. Date Page Affected Description of Revision
0 2010-07-15 General Revision For Construction
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ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA

Table of Contents
Section Title Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 5
2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS 8
3.0 UTILITY INTERCONNECTION 8

.
4.0 AUXILIARY POWER SYSTEM 11
5.0 ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 14
6.0 MAIN GENERATORS 15
7.0 GENERATOR ISOLATED PHASE BUS 16
8.0 MAIN TRANSFORMERS 19
9.0 SEGREGATED PHASE BUS DUCT AND HT SWITCHGEAR 29
10.0 LT PCC/MCC/PMCC/DB/FB/SVB/DC STARTERS 31
11.0 MOTOR CONTROL 36
12.0 DC POWER SYSTEM 37
13.0 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SYSTEM 39
14.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PROTECTION 41
15.0 MOTORS 55
16.0 GROUNDING SYSTEM 60
17.0 LIGHTING AND SMALL POWER SYSTEMS 67
18.0 CABLES AND WIRES 76
19.0 RACEWAYS 80
20.0 CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEM (CCTV) 84
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ATTACHMENTS
T10107-YB03-POZEN-140200 GT AND ST EHV TERMINAL POINTS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
GMR Chhattisgarh Energy (Pvt.) Ltd. is setting up a 2 x 685 MW Thermal Power Plant with
Supercritical Technology using Pulverized Coal as the main fuel to work as a base load station
at Raikheda in the Raipur District, Chhattisgarh, India.
Each unit will be provided with a super-critical, once through, dry bottom, balanced draft,
pulverized coal fired steam generating unit with electro-static precipitators and a multi-cylinder,
double casing, tandem compound, single reheat condensing type steam-turbine generator set.
Cooling of the steam surface condensers and plant auxiliaries will be provided by hyperbolic
shell natural draft type cooling towers.
This document provides the general design criteria that are to be followed for the major balance-
of-plant Electrical systems of the above installation. The descriptions of the individual systems in
it may not conform to the BTG scope entirely. The contract documents shall be referred to for its
exact scope.
The power generated from this power station will be fed to the grid through a 400kV
transmission system. Each generator shall be connected to the adjoining 400 kV Switchyard
through three (3) single phase Generator Transformers (GT)
.
1.1 Scope
The scope of work covers design, engineering, manufacture, assembly, testing at
manufacturer's work/laboratory, properly packed for transport at site, storing at site all
equipment and supply of the electrical equipment and associated hardware for successful
operation of the plant.
The following items are included:
All major transformers e.g., Generator & Station transformers, Unit
Transformers, Unit &Station auxiliary transformers
390 KV Lightning Arresters
All LT distribution transformers including lighting and welding

transformers.
Neutral grounding resistors for Unit and Station transformers
11kV and 3.3kV HT switchgear, including BTS Panels and Synchronizing

Equipment, LT switchgear, motor control centers, distribution boards,
ABT panels, control & protection panels etc within the Power house.
Generator bus ducts along with pressurization system, HT phase

segregated bus ducts & LT bus ducts.
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Batteries, battery chargers, uninterrupted power supply (UPS) systems

and DC distribution systems.
Local control boards/panels, Local isolating switch units, Local push button
stations.
AC and DC motors and motor actuators
Energy Management System
HV, LV power and control cables including FS, FO and special cables
Load Flow, Motor Starting, Short Circuit and Relay Coordination

Calculation and Analysis.
Calculation of Generator Transformer Sizing, Unit Transformer Sizing,

Station Transformer Sizing, Isolated Phase Bus Duct Sizing, Segregated
Phase Bus Sizing, DC and UPS System Sizing.
Complete grounding (under ground and over ground) and lightning

protection system for BTG package, including their respective
calculations.
Fencing, gravel filling, grounding, grounding of transformer yard, separate

grounding of individual LAs, Transformer Neutrals etc.
Electrical relay protection and metering system.
Fire stop mortar seal/fire retardant cabling system
Illumination system, which will include:

o Power House Building.
o Transformer Yard for GT, ST & UT extended up to 400KV
switchyard fence.(Please note that Switchyard lighting is not in
DPI scope of supply)
o Boiler Area for Units, Boiler galleries, platforms, stairs.
o ESP
o E.S.P Control Building.
o Service Building
o C.W and ACW Pump House.
o C.W. Chlorination Plant Building.
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o Mill Bay.
o All roads in the transformer yard including approach roads (as will
be finalized during detail engineering), general area, Toilets falling
within illumination zone will be covered under BTG package.
Complete electrical system for ESP, Boiler and Turbine, CW and ACW
Pump House
Complete cabling including supply of HV and LV Power cables including

FS, FO & Special Cables, and cable trays/racks interconnecting various
equipment supplied under the package and interfacing with other plant
facilities as specified.
Sizing Calculation for Power Cables including Largest Motor & Longest
distance Motor and all other motors, Distribution Transformers, NGT,
NGRs
Cable schedule & interconnection charts including route charts , Bill of

Material , preparation of installation , commissioning , operation &
maintenance manuals
Closed Circuit Television System (CCTV)
Plant Local Area Network (LAN)
Scope of work will also cover civil, structural and architectural works,
including design engineering, associated with the entire electrical system.
1.2 System Voltages
The nominal voltages shall be:
Utility Interconnect 400 kV

Generator terminal voltage 23 kV
Medium voltage 11 kV Distribution voltage for the main
loads (MV motors & Auxiliary
Transformers)
3.3 kV - Distribution voltage to the MV
motor loads above 160 kW up to and
below 1000 kW.
Low voltage 415Y/240 V LV supply to consumers at
the boilers, turbines and general
consumers (air conditioning, lighting,
building services, etc.)
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DC 220 V Safe DC voltage for essential

drives and supply of inverters
220 V Control voltage for the
switchgear
UPS 240 VAC Safe AC voltage level for I&C
and emergency lighting
2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS
All electrical engineering and design, and associated electrical equipment and materials will
conform to latest applicable standard publications of International Electro technical Commission
(IEC) or equivalent standards published by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and other
standards mentioned in this specification. In case of a conflict between IEC and other standards,
the requirement of IEC will govern.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

International Electro-technical Commission (IEC).
International Standards Organization (ISO).
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
National Electrical Code (NEC)
National Electrical Safety code (NESC)
Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
3.0 UTILITY INTERCONNECTION
3.1 General Description
The power plant shall be interconnected to the utility transmission system at 400 kV through a
plant switchyard. Power for startup of auxiliary loads shall be obtained from the high voltage
system via back-feeding through two (2) station transformers which will energize the station 11
kV HT buses.
3.2 Power Supply Variations
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Utility system operating voltage can vary from 380kV to 420kV, depending on the system
operating requirements. Monitoring and control of the transmission system voltage are carried
out by the utility.
Nominal system frequency is 50 Hertz. Normal operating frequency may vary +/- 5%.
3.3 Insulation Levels
The insulation levels for the utilitys 400 kV system are:

Operating voltage kV (rms): 400
Maximum design voltage kV (rms): 420
Lightning impulse level kV, BIL, (peak): 1425
Switching impulse level kV , Ph-Ph (peak): 1575
Switching impulse level kV , Ph-E (peak): 1050
Power frequency withstand voltage, kV rms/min: 630
3.4 Fault Levels
Under normal operating conditions, the utility system contributions to the high voltage fault
levels at the power plant, for design purposes, will be:
Maximum ultimate phase fault: 40 kA (rms sym)
Maximum ultimate ground fault: [later] kA (rms sym)
Fault clearing time:
Normal protection operation by plant circuit breaker [later] ms
Backup protection operation [later] ms
Breaker failure operation [later] ms
3.5 Terminal Points
The project scope ends at:
a. the outdoor, HT bushings of the Generator Step-Up and Station Transformers and
their respective EHV side, pedestal mounted lightning arresters. Owner will supply
and install interconnecting aluminum tubing/ACSR cable between the bushings and
lightning arresters. ;
b. the risers for the main plant grounding grids with the BOP package and the switchyar
d package;
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c. the out going cables of all 11KV/3.3 KV/415V feeders required for Coal Handling , As
h Handling, Plant water system, Air Compressor, DG Sets and the 400 KV Switchyar
d
d. The Transformer yard in front of Power house will include the following work in the
BTG scope:
i) All foundations inside the transformer Yard including Jacking pads,

common Oil pits of each units, rail lines, etc as stated in civil scope.
ii) All cable Trenches and tray work within MAIN PLANT(BTG) area &
up to the 400 KV Switchyard fencing/Switchyard Control Room as
per Switchyard requirement
iii) Fencing, Gravel filling, Grounding, Grounding of Transformer Yard,

separate earthing of individual LA, Transformer Neutral etc.
iv) Complete illumination for BTG area extended up to Switchyard

Fencing, Fire protection of Transformers, Cable Vaults etc.
v) Complete cabling work including interconnection between the

400KV switchyard and the respective control room required for
interfacing the BTG and the 400KV switchyard. Work also
includes providing required number of cable trays for laying of LT
control cables for interfacing with the 400KV switchyard.
e The interfacing/terminal points between the BTG package and the Balance of Plant
(BOP) Contractor:
i) All cable trays in pipe cum Cable Bridge up to the battery limit of the
BTG as specified in relative Mechanical section will be done by DPI.
DPI will provide the required number of cable trays within the BTG
area including in the Power House for laying interfacing HT power
cables, LT power & Control, instrumentation cables and special
cables within the BOP package.
ii) Providing 16 no. - 11kV & 4 no. - 3.3kV outgoing feeders as follows:
11kV Power Feeders:
(1) 11kV CHP Switchgear: 2 numbers
(2) 11kV Raw Water Switchgear: 2 numbers
(3) 11kV Ash Board: 2 numbers
(4) 415V Switchyard MCC: 2 numbers
(5) 415V Admin Bldg MCC: 2 numbers
(6) 415V Bunker Area MCC: 2 numbers
(7) 415V Fuel Oil Unloading MCC: 2 numbers
(8) Intake Water: 2 numbers
3.3kV Power Feeders:
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(1) 3.3kV CHP Switchgear: 2 numbers

(2) 3.3kV Air Compressor Switchgear: 2 numbers
iii) Six (6) 415V outgoing feeders, for BOP use, from the 415V Station
Switchgears + 3 Emergency feeders per Unit, as follows:
(1) Fire Station Bldg. ACDB: 2 no.s
(2) Chemical House: 2 no.s
(3) CT Area: 2 no.s
(4) Chimney: 2 no.s (emergency)
(5) CT Area: 2 no.s (emergency)
(6) 400kV Switchyard LT switchboard: 2 no.s (emergency).
iv) Providing Grounding mat within BTG area and a providing suitable
number of pig tails for interconnection with the BOP Grounding
mats and 400KV Switchyard earth mat. The necessary
interconnection will be done by the BOP vendor. At least four pig
tails are required for interconnection between 400KV Switchyard &
the Power House Ground mat. The BTG vendor will interconnect
the grounding rod with 400KV Switchyard grounding mat.
All required support structures, equipment and systems between the high voltage switchyard
and the power plant shall be provided by Others. Final interconnections to the utilitys system
will be performed by Others.
4.0 AUXILIARY POWER SYSTEM
4.1 General Description
The basic criteria used in the design of the auxiliary power system are as follows:
During startup, power required for auxiliaries will be supplied from the 400kV switchyard
through the station transformers.
Power for the supply of all the auxiliaries associated with the starting and running of each
Unit will be supplied from the unit switchgear connected to the unit transformers (UT).
Common station loads and unit startup /shutdown power will be supplied from station
switchgear. Facility power for such equipment during normal running conditions will be from
the 400kV switchyard connected to the station switchgear via the station transformers.
The main switchgear at the 11kV level will be serviced via two unit transformers per steam
turbine generator (STG). The electrical distribution system shall then be fed from the 11kV
switchgear buses.
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During the planned outage of one UT, two sources will be paralleled, momentarily, to
ascertain no power interruption to the auxiliary loads. Where connection is provided between
supplies that may be paralleled, out-of-phase and frequency check synchronization facilities
will be provided. Where momentary parallel operation may produce unacceptable fault levels
at the switchgear, an interlocking system will be provided to prevent prolonged parallel
operation in the event of operator error.
The low voltage system will be 415V, nominal. Each switchgear lineup will be arranged with
a main tie main configuration. The 415V motor control centers will be fed from the LT
switchgear.
4.2 Voltage Regulation
The auxiliary power system shall be designed to maintain voltage levels for electrical
equipment, as closely as possible, to their respective ratings, during all modes of operations.
Range of variation of the auxiliary power supply system shall be as follows:
AC Supply: Voltage: +/- 10% Frequency: +/- 5%
Combined Voltage + Frequency: 10% (absolute sum)
DC Supply: +10%/-15% at the Battery Terminals
Under steady-state conditions, voltages at the equipment terminals shall be maintained between
the range of 90 percent and 110 percent of rated equipment voltage.
During starting of the largest motor on each bus, the minimum supply voltage at the terminals of
the motor being started shall not be less than 80 percent of the rated motor voltage for HT
motors, Motors will start with rated load and accelerate to full speed with 80% rated voltage at
motor terminals with the exception of the Boiler Feed Pump (BFP) motor. In the case of the BFP
motor, it will be 75% rated voltage. Minimum starting requirement for the mill motor (double
cage) will be 85% rated voltage at the motor terminals and not less than 90 percent of the rated
motor voltage for LT motors with all other normal loads of operation. At these times, bus
voltages shall be maintained such that all operating load requirements shall be satisfied and
voltage drops shall not cause dropout of relays or contactors.
4.3 Bus Transfers

An automatic 32 bit or higher micro processor based, real time operated, fast backed up by slow
transfer scheme will be provided for change over from unit to station sources and vis--vis,
station to station sources (11KV & 3.3KV). All hardware pertaining to the above transfers will be
mounted in an Auto Bus Transfer (ABT) panel. The bus transfer module will have features such
as graphical user interface, virtual test simulation, object oriented programming, on line viewing,
sequence of event logging, self diagnostic features and communication port for remote
communication. The ABT panel will be of indoor, simplex type construction, vertical, free
standing, floor mounted type, metal clad suitable for installation at 50 degree centigrade
ambient. Panel enclosure will be fabricated from 2 mm thick sheet steel and the same will be
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IP42 protected. 3.3KV station switchboards will have manual transfer facility with check
synchronization through Bus Transfer System (BTS). All other HT (11KV & 3.3KV) switchboards
which are not controlled through the BTS will have a manual change over facility through
synchronizing check relays.
4.4 Electrical Equipment Controls and Metering

The Power Plant Electrical Distribution System equipment shall be controlled and monitored
from the EDMS, which will be part of the DCS, located in the control room. Control circuit
interlocks will be hard wired and developed at the equipment level.
Generators will be controlled from the unitized Control Room. However, bus selection for
generators will be done from Switchyard Control Room by operation of the associated
disconnecting switches.
All 400 kV side feeders to the Station Transformers will be controlled from the switchyard control
system located in the switchyard control room as well as Switchyard OWS located in the Control
Room in the CCR. The panel shall be provided by Switchyard Contractor.
Tap changer control for Station Transformers and Unit Transformers, in Remote mode, will be
provided in the EDMS. The Remote-Manual selector will be located at the respective
transformers local control panel. Tap changer control for Generator Transformers and Unit Aux.
Transformers and Station Aux. Transformers will be transformer manufacturers standard,
implemented locally, at the respective transformers.
All equipment/components viz. transducers, etc., that are required to interface with the plant
DCS system, will be provided in switchgear/control panels.
Coolers for the ST/GT/UT shall be automatically controlled according to the respective
transformers temperature requirement.
11KV, 3.3 KV & 415V Unit/Station switchgear incomers, tie and outgoing non-
motor feeder breakers shall be controlled from the EDMS.
11KV, 3.3 KV & 415V motor feeders shall be controlled from the DCS.
The emergency Diesel Generators (DG) (which is part of the Owners scope) will be controlled
from their respective local control panels. Start-Stop control, only, and critical alarm monitoring
will be provided from the EDMS.
The DC and UPS systems will be controlled locally, from their respective panels.
Mimic diagram (from 400kV level to 415V level) will be developed in the EDMS.
The protection relays of the generator, generator transformers, unit transformers and station
transformers will be provided in the protection relay panels which will be connected to the
EDMS through a soft link, as well as hard wired for critical signals, only.
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The Electrical Control Panel (ECP) will be stand-alone, consisting of STG manual synchronizing
equipments and metering for the following:
a) Generator HV Current and Voltage, MEAA
b) ST HV Current and Voltage, MEAA
c) UT HV Current and Voltage, MEAA
d) Generator Watts, VARs, Frequency, Negative Sequence
Current, R-Y-B phase current, Power Factor and Digital
Tri-Vector meter, MEAA meters.
e) Line Voltage, Line Current and Power for 400kV
Switchyard Bus.
Generator Synchronizing will be done in automatic and manual mode through synchronizing
relays. Auto Synchronizing will be done from the Mark VI panel and manual synchronizing will
be done from the ECP.
The manual synchronization hardware to be mounted on the ECP includes dual voltmeters, dual
frequency meters, synchroscope, cut IN / cut OUT switch, Double White Lamp for bright lamp
synchronization, Green lamp for synchronism in limit indication, Amber lamp for operation with /
without synchronization relay.
4.4.1 Metering
Except for the metering provided with Energy Accounting & Audit Meters required for the Energy
Management System (EMS), Electronic Meters shall be provided for other circuit breaker-
operated feeders and shall be connected to the EDMS for remote display. The EDMS will be
suitable for operation with 150 power meters.
For all other circuit breaker-operated feeders which are not included as part of th
e EMS Energy Accounting & Audit Meter. (SWGR)
1. Class of Inst. Transformer for Metering

i. CT: 1.0
ii. PT: 1.0
2. Remark
i. CT, PT & Meter of Incomer of SWGR in BOP Package Scope shall be provided b
y BOP Package supplier.
4.5 Degree of Protection
For all panels such as HT/LT Switchgear (including DB, local control boards, protection relay pa
nels, dry-type transformers) located indoors, will be IP-42. Panels installed outdoors will be IP-
55. All AC motors will be IP-55 and DC motors will be IP-22.
5.0 ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
5.1 System Overview
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Energy meters will be provided as per Meters for Energy Accounting & Audit (MEAA)
conforming to the latest CEA regulations. These parameters will be displayed in the Control
Room in the DCS/EDMS.
Metering will be furnished to measure quantities on the Generator terminals, the HV side of the
ST & UT, incomers of HT Switchboards, 11KV tie bus (one side), and all outgoing HT non-motor
feeders.
Energy meters will be three-phase, multifunction, digital type with communication port for
DDCMIS/DCS interface. The energy meters used to measure quantities on the Generator
terminals and HV side of the ST and UT will be located on the ECP. All other meters will be
located in the respective switchgear cubicle of incomers, ties, motor feeders and outgoing
feeders, as required. Energy Audit and Accounting Meters will be installed, as per latest CEA
Regulation on Installation and Operation of these meters.
Electrical parameter data i.e. V, A, PF, MW, MWH, MVAR, F, Harmonics, etc. from all the
MEAA electrical power meters will be displayed via various MMI pages of the EDMS system. In
addition, real time waveforms and harmonics graphs can be displayed on each operator screen.
The EA&A meters will be of the 0.2S accuracy class and the Instrument transformers (CTs and
PTs) will be of the 0.2S accuracy class.
The CTs, PTs and meters required for the incomers of BOP package Switchgear shall be
provided by the BOP package supplier.
The Energy Management System will be implemented in the DCS. The features of the EMS are
described in the I&C Design Criteria.
6.0 MAIN GENERATORS
6.1 General
Steam turbine generators shall be rated as follows:

Rated kVA 805900
Power Factor 0.85
Voltage (kV) 23
Normal Frequency (hertz) 50
Type of Cooling: Stator Windings Water
Stator Core Hydrogen
Rotor Hydrogen
6.2 Generator Neutral Grounding
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One (1) generator neutral grounding cubicle containing disconnect link, neutral grounding
transformer, loading resistor and current transformer shall be provided for each Steam Turbine
Generator. The neutral grounding transformer will be dry type, indoor, natural air cooled, single
phase, connected between the generator neutral and ground. The loading resistor will be grid
type, indoor, formed of non-aging, corrosion resistant steel, provided with necessary insulation
and designed for indoor service.
The neutral grounding transformer and loading resistor will be sized to limit the ground fault
current through the generator neutral to a low enough value to prevent any damage to the stator
core.
7.0 GENERATOR ISOLATED PHASE BUS
7.1 Ratings
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Voltage / Frequency: 23 kV/50 Hz

Rated Continuous Current
Main run* : 25000 A
Tap-off runs : 1600 A

Insulation Level: 150 kV BIL, minimum
Conductor Temperature Rise: 55C @ rated load and
50C ambient
Conductor Temperature Rise
As per IEC
During Short Circuit
Insulation level
1-min. dry power frequency As per IEC (KV rms)

withstand :
10-sec. wet power frequency As per IEC (KV rms)

withstand :
Impulse withstand : As per IEC (KV Peak).
Short Circuit Level
(Symmetrical/ Momentary) :
Main run : 142 KA rms/ 395 KA peak
Tap-off run: UAT/V.T. & 254 KA rms/ 705 KA peak.

S.P./N.G :
Delta run ( for 3 off 1Ph GT) : 254 KA rms/ 705 KA peak
Enclosure Temperature Rise: 30o C @ rated load and
50o C ambient
Neutral Grounding 175 kVA, 23000-240/120V,
Transformer: 1-phase, 50 Hz
Grounding Resistor 0.212 ohm, (later) kW, 800A,
220V, 5 minutes duty
*The continuous current rating shall be based on the maximum generator current at five percent
under voltage.
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Bus duct and auxiliary equipment will be capable of withstanding the mechanical forces and
thermal stresses of the short-circuit currents listed above, without any damage or deterioration
of material.
Bus duct will have the capability to withstand the seismic loading given in the equipment
technical specifications.
At the generator end, current transformers shall be mounted within the bus duct enclosure.
Quantity shall be in accordance with the Protection and Metering Single Line Diagram. CTs will
be cast-resin, ring type, and suitable for operation at an ambient temperature equal to rated bus
bar temperature.
A ground bus capable of carrying the rated momentary current shall be provided. The
electrically continuous bus enclosure will be used as the ground bus. All parts of the bus
enclosure, supporting structures and equipment frames will be grounded.
The portion of bus duct at the generator end will be subject to vibration normally prevalent for
this type of installation in a power generating set. Suitable means will be provided to isolate the
generator vibration from rest of the bus structure.
The bus duct will be installed partially indoors and partially outdoors, in a hot, humid and tropical
atmosphere. The design of the bus duct will take care of solar effects. All cubicles, however, will
be installed indoors.
Bus duct associated equipment and wiring will be provided with a tropical finish to prevent
fungus growth. All ventilation openings will be screened and drains will be filtered to prevent
entrance of dust and insects.
To avoid condensation of moisture inside bus duct during shut-down of the generator, a suitable
facility for blowing hot air inside the bus enclosure will be provided. The hot air blowing system
will be of open loop type, capable of blowing hot air simultaneously into the indoor and outdoor
portions of the bus duct. The system will be portable type, mounted on a wheeled carriage, so that
the same can be used for a different Unit, as and when required.
Each bus duct will be provided with an air pressurization system consisting of two (2) 100%
capacity oil free type air compressors with motors, necessary filters, valves, driers, piping,
solenoid valves, transmitters, drains, pressure switch and gauges, fittings and necessary
controls to ensure a continuous supply of clean and dry pressurized air to the bus duct
enclosure maintaining a positive air pressure (100 mm water column) inside the enclosures to
prevent any ingress of moisture from atmospheric air.
7.2 Fabrication
Isolated phase bus duct shall be used for the connections between each steam turbine
generator and their associated step-up transformers.
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The bus shall be furnished with taps for the unit transformers high voltage terminals, excitation
transformer and surge protection and voltage transformer cubicles.
Bus conductor shall be Aluminum alloy Grade 19501 (60% IACS).
Bus enclosures shall be: Main Run - Aluminum alloy Grade 19501
Delta Run Aluminum Alloy-Grade 19501
Tap Off run- Aluminum Grade 63401
IACS: International Annealed Copper Standard
7.3 Generator Voltage Transformers, Surge Protection Cubicles

The voltage transformer and surge protection cubicles, one for each phase, will be metal-clad,
dust and vermin proof, free standing dead front assemblies. Each phase cubicle will house three
(3) voltage transformers, one (1) lightning arrestor and one (1) surge capacitor, in separate
compartments. Seal-off bushings will be used between the bus tap and cubicle and between
compartments.
Voltage transformers will be cast-resin, draw-out type, suitable for nominal operation connected
from line to ground, and for 1.73 times rated line to ground voltage under sustained emergency
conditions.
8.0 MAIN TRANSFORMERS
8.1 Generator Transformers (GT)
8.1.1 General
The transformers will be used to connect the generator to the extra high voltage system for
evacuation of power. There shall be 7 single phase generator transformers, 3 per each
generator and one spare for both units, including all fittings and auxiliaries
The transformers will be installed in a hot, humid and tropical atmosphere. All equipment,
accessories and wiring will be provided with a tropical finish to prevent fungus growth.
The transformers will be capable of continuous operation at rated output under the following
conditions:
a) Voltage variation: 10%
b) Frequency variation: 5%
`
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c) Combined voltage and frequency variation: 10% (absolute sum)
The transformers will be so designed that it is capable of operation at 125% rated voltage for a
period of one minute and 140% rated voltage for a period of five seconds due to sudden load
throw off.
The transformers will be capable of withstanding the short circuit stresses due to a terminal fault
on one winding with full voltage maintained on the other winding for minimum period of two (2)
seconds.
The transformers will be free from annoying hum or vibration. The design will be such as not to
cause any undesirable interference with radio or communication circuits.
The noise level will be limited to the value specified by NEMA Standard Publication No. TR-1-
1993 when measured in accordance with conditions outlined in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.90-
1999/IS13964/CBIP publication.
The Generator Transformers shall be sized to deliver the gross unit output of the generator with
turbine operation in VWO (Valve Wide Open) condition and Unit Transformer out of service. The
loads of this Unit Transformer will be supplied from the station bus for an extended period of
time.
Generator step-up transformers shall be single phase, two winding, connected together in delta-
wye, with the neutral point of the HV winding solidly grounded.
Transformers shall be capable of continuous operation at rated MVA on any tap without
exceeding the temperature rise stated within the appropriate standard over the full range of both
taps and system voltage under all site ambient conditions.
8.1.2 Fabrication and Design
Each step-up transformer shall be a single tank, single-phase, two winding unit. Lifting eyes or
lugs shall be provided for lifting the core and coils. The transformer coils shall be wound using
copper.
Oil preservation will be by means of bellows/ diaphragm sealed conservator tank with silica gel
breather to avoid direct connection between atmosphere and transformer oil. It will be complete
with level gauges, pipes, drain valve, buchholz relay with shut-off valves at both sides etc. The
level gauges will be so placed that same can be readable standing from ground. Necessary
device will be kept to provide annunciation in the event of rupturing of bellow.
Off-circuit tap changer (OCTC) will be provided on the high voltage winding. Taps shall be 5%
in steps of 2.5%.
The off-circuit tap changing of the three (3) single phase transformer bank of a 3-phase system
will be effected by the individual tap changer switch of each transformer. Interlocks will be
provided for each tap position with limit switches or a suitable arrangement such that
transformers cannot be energized unless the taps of all the transformers of the same bank are
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in the same position. Contacts will also be provided to give alarm and de-energize the
transformer in case any tap of any transformer of the same bank is in a different position.
8.1.3 Insulation and Cooling
The high voltage winding shall have insulation with a minimum BIL of 1425kVp BIL at the line
end. The insulation shall be graded to a 150 kV BIL rating at the neutral end. The neutral end
shall be brought out through a bushing rated at minimum 150kV BIL for connection to the station
grounding grid.
The low voltage winding shall have minimum of 150kV BIL insulation and shall be supplied with
minimum 150 kV BIL bushings.
The cooling system will comprise of two units of 50% each. Each cooling unit will be complete
with its radiator banks, pumps, fans and other accessories.
Each cooling unit will be provided with two (2) nos. 50% capacity oil pumps and number of
cooling fans.
Transformer fitted with multiple cooling units but without having stand-by cooling units, it will be
able to deliver its rated output not exceeding specified temperature rise and calculated hot-spot
temperature of 150 degrees centigrade under the following conditions:
a) For 10 minutes after failure of the oil and/or water circulating pumps and
blowers.
b) For 20 minutes in the event of failure of the oil and/or water circulating
pumps and blowers associated with one cooler unit
8.1.4 Cooler Control Panels
Cooler control will be automatic, based on temperature. Control panels will be of CRCA sheet
steel construction with protection class of IPW-55 for outdoor installation.
Transformers installed outdoors shall be located in outdoor compounds with blast walls
constructed as necessary and each compound shall be equipped with containment to contain
1.25 times the quantity of oil.
8.1.5 Marshalling Box

Marshalling box shall be sheet steel, weatherproof, IPW55, marshalling box. The box will
contain all auxiliary devices except those which must be located directly on the transformer.
All terminal blocks for Owner/Purchaser's cable connection will be located in this box.
The marshalling box will be provided with cubicle lamp with door switch, space heater with
thermostat and removable cable gland plate.
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8.1.6 Ancillary Equipment
Lightning arresters will be outdoor type, station class, heavy duty, metal oxide gapless type with
ratings. The arrester rating shall be selected for 420 kV system voltage, and shall be selected
to provide adequate protection with an approximate 20 percent safety margin between the
transformer insulation withstand voltage capability and maximum expected surge voltage from
lightning strike and/or switching surge voltages superimposed on power frequency voltage in
accordance with the IS 3070 (Part 3) / IEC60099-4.
8.2 Unit Transformers (UT)
8.2.1 General
There shall be two (2) unit transformers connected to each steam turbine generator bus.
The low voltage winding neutral shall be grounded through a resistor to limit ground fault current
to a value required for relaying.
The transformers will be used to supply power for unit auxiliaries. The transformers shall be
sized based on the most stringent load conditions plus a 10% margin.
The transformers will be installed in hot, humid and tropical atmosphere. All equipment,
accessories and wiring will be provided with tropical finish to prevent fungus growth.
condition:
Combined voltage and

frequency variation: 10%
(absolute sum)
throw off.
seconds.
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1993 when measured in accordance with conditions outlines in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.90-
The transformers shall meet the requirements of IS 2026 & IEC60076.
The UT shall be a single tank, three phase, two-winding design.
The transformer shall be sized to supply the auxiliary load of the complete plant. Spare
capacity for 5 percent load growth shall be provided.
Primary voltage shall be 1.0 per unit of the generator terminal nameplate voltage. Secondary
voltage shall be 11.5 kV, nominal. Each transformer shall be capable of operating at 10
percent overvoltage continuously.
The design impedance of the transformer shall be selected during detailed design to optimize
the electrical system. The impedance shall be large enough to limit the interrupting duty on the
switchgear to within approximately 90 percent of its rating, and small enough to ensure that
when the largest motor is started, the voltage at its terminals does not fall below 80 percent of
its rated voltage (for HT motors). The entire plant normal operating load, except for the motor
to be started, shall be assumed to be running, and the utility system voltage shall be assumed
to be normal. Manufacturers impedance tolerance will be 7.5 percent for the two winding
transformer.
The transformer shall be provided with an on load tap changer (OLTC).

The OLTC gear will be suitable for local manual control and remote electrical control at the
EDMS Panel. Further, there will be provision of automatic operation through voltage sensing
relay wherever specified.
The tap changing gear will have local selector switches with RTCC-Local-Test-Central positions.
Provisions of various modes of operation of the tap changers of transformers, like individual
operation (Master / follower operation for 3 off 1- Ph. Bank), remote/local operation; operation
from voltage regulating relays (where specified), etc. and for various interlocks will be kept in the
Remote Tap Changer Control (RTCC) in EDMS as well as the local OLTC cabinet. Necessary
equipment switches, relays, etc., will be provided in these panels.
The OLTC switch contacts will be located in a separate oil-filled chamber complete with its own
oil preservation system, Oil Surge relay, shut-off valves, oil level gauge, gas vent etc.
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OLTC mechanism and associated controls will be housed in an outdoor weatherproof cabinet. I
nternal illumination lamp and thermostat controlled space heater will be provided in the cabinet.
8.2.3 Insulation Levels
The UT primary windings and bushings shall be rated 125 kV BIL, and the secondary windings
and bushings shall be rated 75 kV BIL.
Bushing rated below 52KV voltage class will be solid porcelain or oil communicating type.
A sheet steel, weatherproof, IPW55, marshalling box will be provided for the transformer. The
box will contain all auxiliary devices except those, which must be located directly on the
transformer.
All terminal blocks for Owner/Purchasers cable connection will be located in this box.
8.3 Station Transformers (ST)
8.3.1 General
The Station transformers will be used to supply power for start up and shutdown, as well as
station auxiliaries. The Station Transformers shall be of the 3-phase, 3-winding design. The high
voltage winding will be connected to E.H.V. grid systems. The low voltage windings will be
connected to the station switchgear.
One Station Transformer shall be installed per unit. The rating of the transformers will be
determined according to the station power load calculation and will be selected so that each
station transformer can carry the full station load. The transformer sizing shall also consider
CEA guidelines.
The transformers will be installed in a hot, humid and tropical atmosphere. All equipment,
accessories and wiring will be provided with a tropical finish to prevent fungus growth.
conditions:
c) Combined voltage and frequency variation: 10% (absolute sum)
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seconds.
1993 when measured in accordance with conditions outlined in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.90-
Station transformers will be oil-immersed, three-phase, three-winding, with the neutral point of
the HV winding solidly grounded. The low voltage windings neutrals shall be grounded through
a resistor to limit ground fault current to a value required for relaying.
Transformers shall be capable of continuous operation at rated MVA on any tap without
exceeding the temperature rise stated within the appropriate standard over the full range of both
taps and system voltage under all site ambient conditions.
Each transformer shall be a three-phase, three winding unit. Lifting eyes or lugs shall be
provided for lifting the core and coils. The transformer coils shall be wound using copper.
The transformer shall be provided with an on load tap changer (OLTC).
The OLTC gear will be suitable for local manual control and remote electrical control at the
EDMS. Further, there will be provision of automatic operation through voltage sensing relays
wherever specified.
The tap changing gear will have local selector switches with (RTCC)-Local-Test-Central
positions. Provisions of various modes of operation of the tap changers of transformers, like
individual operation (Master / follower operation for 3 off 1- Ph. Bank), remote/local operation;
operation from voltage regulating relays (where specified), etc. and for various interlocks will be
kept in the Remote Tap Changer Control (RTCC) in EDMS as well as the local OLTC cabinet.
Necessary equipment switches, relays, etc., will be provided in these panels.
The OLTC switch contacts will be located in a separate oil-filled chamber complete with its own
oil preservation system, Oil Surge relay, shut-off valves, oil level gauge, gas vent etc.
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OLTC mechanism and associated controls will be housed in an outdoor weatherproof cabinet.
Internal illumination lamp and thermostat controlled space heater will be provided in the cabinet.
8.3.3 Insulation and Cooling
The high voltage winding shall have insulation with a minimum BIL of 1425kVp BIL at the line
end. The insulation shall be graded to a 95 kV BIL rating at the neutral end. The neutral end
shall be brought out through a bushing rated at minimum 95 kV BIL for connection to the station
grounding grid.
The low voltage winding shall have minimum of 75 kV BIL insulation and shall be supplied with
minimum 75 kV BIL bushings.
The cooling system will comprise of two units of 50% each. Each cooling unit will be complete
with its radiator banks, pumps, fans and other accessories.
Each cooling unit will be provided with two (2) nos. 50% capacity oil pumps and number of
cooling fans.
Transformer fitted with multiple cooling units but without having stand-by cooling units, it will be
able to deliver its rated output not exceeding specified temperature rise and calculated hot-spot
temperature of 150 degrees centigrade under the following conditions:
a) For 10 minutes after failure of the oil and/or water circulating pumps and
blowers.
b) For 20 minutes in the event of failure of the oil and/or water circulating
pumps and blowers associated with one cooler unit
8.3.4 Cooler Control Panels
Cooler control will be automatic based on temperature. Control panels will be of CRCA sheet
steel construction with protection class of IPW-55 for outdoor installation.

Marshalling box shall be sheet steel, weatherproof, IPW55, marshalling box. The box will
contain all auxiliary devices except those which must be located directly on the transformer.
All terminal blocks for Owner/Purchasers cable connection will be located in this box.
8.3.6 Ancillary Equipment
Lightning arresters will be outdoor type, station class, heavy duty, metal oxide gapless type with
ratings. The arrester rating shall be selected for 420 kV system voltage, and shall be selected
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to provide adequate protection with an approximate 20 percent safety margin between the
transformer insulation withstand voltage capability and maximum expected surge voltage from
lightning strike and/or switching surge voltages superimposed on power frequency voltage in
accordance with the IS 3070 (Part 3) / IEC60099-4.
8.4 Unit and Station Auxiliary Transformers (UAT, SAT)
8.4.1 General
For each unit, there shall be two (2) unit auxiliary transformers each connected to their
respective 11 kV unit switchgear bus and, one (1) station auxiliary transformer, each connected
to their respective 11 kV station switchgear bus.
The low voltage winding neutral shall be grounded through a resistor to limit ground fault current
to a value required for relaying.
The transformers will be used to supply power for unit and station auxiliaries. The high voltage
winding will be connected to the HV switchgear. The low voltage winding feeds the 3.3KV
switchgear. Each transformer shall be sized to carry the entire load of their respective
switchgear with the tie breaker closed.
The transformers will be installed in hot, humid and tropical atmosphere. All equipment,
accessories and wiring will be provided with tropical finish to prevent fungus growth.
condition:
a) Voltage variation : 10%
b) Frequency variation : 5%
c) Combined voltage and

frequency variation : 10%
absolute sum)
throw off.
The transformer will be capable of withstanding the short circuit stresses due to a terminal fault
seconds.
The transformer will be free from annoying hum or vibration. The design will be such as not to
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1993 when measured in accordance with conditions outlines in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.90-
The transformers shall meet the requirements of IS 2026 & IEC60076.
The transformers shall be a single tank, three phase, two-winding design.
The design impedance of the transformer shall be selected during detailed design to optimize
the electrical system. The impedance shall be large enough to limit the interrupting duty on the
switchgear to within approximately 90 percent of its rating, and small enough to ensure that
when the largest motor is started, the voltage at its terminals does not fall below 80 percent of
its rated voltage (for HT motors). The entire switchgear normal operating load, except for the
motor to be started, shall be assumed to be running, and the utility system voltage shall be
assumed to be normal. Manufacturers impedance tolerance will be 7.5 percent for the two
winding transformer.
The transformer shall be provided with an off load tap changer (OCTC).
The off-circuit tap changing will be affected by a gang operated switch for three-phase unit.
Arrangement will such that switch can be operated at standing height from ground level. All
contacts will be silver plated and held in position under strong contact pressure to ensure low
contact drop and avoid pitting.
The mechanism will be provided with a mechanical tap position indicator and an operation
counter.
8.4.3 Insulation Levels
The UAT and SAT primary windings and bushings shall be rated 75 kV BIL, and the secondary
windings and bushings shall be rated 40 kV BIL.
Bushing rated below 52KV voltage class will be solid porcelain or oil communicating type.

A sheet steel, weatherproof, IPW55, marshalling box will be provided for the transformer. The
box will contain all auxiliary devices except those, which must be located directly on the
transformer.
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All terminal blocks for Owner/Purchaser's cable connection will be located in this box.
The marshalling box will be provided with a cubicle lamp with door switch, space heater with
9.0 SEGREGATED PHASE BUS DUCT AND HT SWITCHGEAR
9.1 Segregated Phase Bus Duct

The segregated phase duct will serve as interconnection between the HT Indoor Switchgear
and outdoor transformer terminals as well as between Switchgears
The bus ducts will be installed partially indoor and partially outdoor in a hot, humid and tropical
atmosphere. All panels associated with the bus ducts will be located indoors.
Bus duct, associated equipment and wiring will be provided with a tropical finish to prevent fungus
growth. All ventilation openings will be screened and drains will be filtered to prevent entrance of
dust and insects.
The portion of bus duct at the transformer end will be subject to vibration normally prevalent for
this type of installation in a power generating station. Suitable means will be provided to isolate
the transformer vibration from the rest of the bus structure/bus duct.
For continuous operation at specified ratings, temperature rise of the bus duct and auxiliary
equipment will be limited to the site permissible values stipulated in the specifications.
Bus duct and auxiliary equipment will be capable of withstanding the mechanical forces and
thermal stresses of short-circuit currents without any damage or deterioration of material. Bus
conductor support insulator span will be chosen considering minimum safety of 2.5 for cantilever
strength under short circuit conditions.
The bus ducts and supporting structures will be designed & constructed so as to withstand without
damage the horizontal/ vertical ground accelerations due to earthquake.
The bus ducts will be self cooled and will not be equipped with blowers or any other type of forced
ventilation.
Bus conductor shall be Al-alloy grade 63401 (WP type) 55% IACS
Bus enclosure shall be Al-alloy grade 19501 60% IACS or Steel
IACS - International Annealed Copper Standard

Ratings:
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Voltage / Frequency: 3.3kV/50 11kV/50

Insulation Level: 40kV 75kV
Conductor Temperature 35o C
Rise: (Rated hot spot
temperature rise over 50o C
ambient)
Enclosure Temperature 20o C
Rise: (Rated hot spot
temperature rise over 50o C
ambient)
Short Circuit Level Symmetrical Momentary

3.3 kV Bus Duct (later) kA rms (later) kA peak
11 kV Bus Duct (later) kA rms (later) kA peak
9.2 High Tension (HT) Switchgear
HT Switchgear at 11 kV and 3.3 kV, 3 phase, 50 hertz, shall be provided to serve:
Unit and Station Auxiliary Transformers
HT Motors
Unit and Station Service Transformers (PCC primaries)
HT Switchgear shall be indoor type located in electrical rooms.
The switchgear will consist of medium-voltage circuit breakers arranged in close coupled
lineups. In general, the switchgear shall be metal clad, draw-out type, vacuum or SF6 circuit
breaker type with individual vertical sections. The switchgear enclosure will conform to the
degree of protection IP-42. The minimum thickness of CRCA sheet steel used will be 2 mm.
The main buses and connections will be of high conductivity aluminum/ aluminum alloy, isolated
in separate compartments and sized for specified current ratings with maximum temperature
limited to:
0 0 0
(a) For bolted joints (Plain or tinned) 90 C ( i.e. 40 C rise over 50 C
ambient)
(b) For bolted joints (Silver plated) 1050 C ( i.e. 55 0

C rise over 50 0
C
ambient)
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0
(c) Bus bar temperature rise will be limited to 35 C even while the ambient
is 50 0 C)
Copper bus bars will be used for bus bar current rating above 2000A, with maximum
temperature rise limits same as that for aluminum bus bar.
A bare full length copper ground bus shall be provided.
Circuit breakers shall be draw-out type, stored energy, vacuum interrupter type, electrically
operated from 220 VDC for closing and tripping with continuous current ratings as shown on the
one line diagrams.
Each MV circuit will be protected by a digital type protection relay. One multifunction relay will
be supplied per circuit. As a minimum, protection functions will include instantaneous and IDMT
over current and earth fault protection. Differential protection will be provided for motors greater
than 1000 kW. For those motors, a single digital protection relay will be provided containing the
differential protection function. However, if this relay cannot accept separate (differential) CT
inputs, a separate differential relay will be provided. E/F protection of motors will be achieved
through core balance current transformers (CBCT). Multifunction relays will capable of either
Ethernet or serial communications, as required, and several protocols.
The 11kV switchgear shall be rated 40 kA for 3 seconds.
Metal enclosed, segregated phase bus duct shall be used for connecting the unit and station
auxiliary transformers to their respective 3.3 kV HT switchgear.
10.0 LT POWER CONTROL CENTERS (PCC), MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS (MCC)

POWER-CUM-MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS (PMCC), DISTRIBUTION BOARDS
(DB), FUSE BOARDS (FB), SOLENOID VALVE BOARDS (SVB) AND DC STARTERS
10.1 General
POWER CONTROL CENTER (PCC) will mean a continuous line-up of breaker panels, used to
feed Motor Control Centers and motors rated 110 KW up to and including 160 KW. All PCCs will
have duplicate incomers and a bus-section. Incomers, bus-section, and all outgoing feeders of a
PCC will be breaker controlled. Distribution of outgoing feeders will be such as to ensure uniform
loading on each section of the PCC.
MOTOR CONTROL CENTER (MCC) will mean a continuous line-up of vertical sections housing
breaker panels, fused switches, contactor operated modules. All MCCs except the D.G. plant
auxiliary MCC, emergency MCCs and ventilation MCCs will have duplicate incomers and a
bus-section. The D.G. Plant Auxiliary MCC may have duplicate incomers and ventilation MCCs
may have single incomers. Emergency MCCs will have three incomers, one from the Emergency
(DG) PCC (in BOP scope), one from the station PCC and one from the respective unit PCC. All
incomers and Bus-sections will be breaker controlled except few, which are castle key inter-
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locked. Whenever bus-sections are provided, all outgoing feeders will be breaker/ switch fuse
controlled, or contactor operated depending upon the rating and application. Distribution of
outgoing feeders will be such as to ensure uniform loading on each section of the MCC.
POWER-CUM-MOTOR CONTROL CENTER (PMCC) will mean a continuous line-up of vertical

sections housing breaker panels, fused switches, and contactor-operated modules. All PMCCs
will have duplicate incomers and a bus-section. Incomers and bus-sections will be breaker
controlled. Depending upon the rating and application, outgoing feeders may be breaker
controlled, fused switch controlled, or contactor operated. Distribution of outgoing feeders will be
such as to ensure uniform loading on each section of the PMCC.
DISTRIBUTION BOARD (DB) will mean a continuous line-up of vertical sections housing fused
switch modules only. ACDBs will have duplicate incomers and a bus- section. Power house main
DCDBs will have two incomers from its associated battery charger with bus sectionaliser.
Wherever bus-sections are provided, distribution of outgoing feeders will be such as to ensure
uniform loading on each section of DB.
SOLENOID VALVE BOARD (SVB) will mean a continuous line-up of vertical sections housing
fused switch modules and contactor-operated modules. SVBs may have one incomer, which will
be fused switch controlled. All outgoing feeders will be contactor operated.
FUSE BOARD (FB) will mean a continuous line-up of vertical sections housing only fused
switches. FB boards may be fed from DBs and may have one incomer. ACFB Boards will be of
two types - one with 415V, 4-wire, triple pole- and-neutral (TPN) outgoing feeders and the other
with 240V, 2- wire, single-pole-and-neutral outgoing feeders. The incomers in either case will be
415V, 4-wire, TPN type. Incomers and outgoing feeders of DCFBs will be 220V, 2-wire type.
The PCCs/PMCCs will be used to supply auxiliary power for normal and start up operation of
generation units.
The MCCs/DBs/SVBs/FBs will be used to provide power, control, and protection for A.C. and
D.C. auxiliary services (motors and feeders) of generating units.
All PCC/PMCC/MCC/DB/SVB/FB enclosures will conform to the degree of protection IP-42.

Minimum thickness of sheet metal used will be 1.6mm for non load bearing end and 2mm for
load bearing end. The design will be such that the specified degree of protection is achieved
even after a breaker control module has been taken out of the panel.
PCC/PMCC will be used to feed MCCs and motors rated 110 KW up to and including 160 KW. All
motors rated 110 kW up to and including 160 KW will be breaker controlled. For motors rated 110
kW up to and including 160 KW, the breaker will be provided with a motor protection relay.
Motors rated below 110 KW will be contactor operated and will be fed from MCCs. For all motors
below 45 kW, fused switches will be used. For motors between 45 kW to below 75 kW, fused
switches with SPPR protection will be used. For motors between 75KW to below 110KW motor
protection relays will be used.
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LT switchgear will be designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with the latest IEC, IS,
ANSI and NEMA standards. Switchgear will be designed for top and bottom cable entry.
Switchgear cubicles will be self supporting and rigid in their construction and suitable for
installation in a heavy industrial application.
All PCCs/PMCCs/MCCs/ACDBs/SVBs/ACFBs provided with three phase bus bars and a neutral
bus bar. Emergency MCC will be of 3 phase 3 wire type.
All DCDB's and DCFB's will be provided with two bus bars.
All bus bar compartments will be completely enclosed.
Horizontal and vertical bus bars and bus connections will be of high conductivity
copper/aluminum/aluminum alloy.
The maximum temperature of bus bars and bus connections will be limited to 85oC i.e. 35oC rise
over 50oC ambient.
No diversity factor will be allowed for temperature rise.
The bus arrangement and connections will be in accordance with their respective One Line
Diagram. Where the switchgear feeds dual redundant plant items the redundancy concept will
be maintained by feeding one item of the plant from one of the switchgear buses and the other
item of the plant from the other bus.
Bus bars of PCCs/PMCCs will be sized to carry continuously the associated transformer
secondary current plus a 10% margin.
Bus bars of MCCs will be sized to carry continuously the total running load of the
MCC/DB/SVB/FB (including anticipated future load, wherever applicable) plus a 20% margin.
Loads of outgoing feeders to the coal handling plant and administration building, wherever
applicable, will also be considered while sizing the bus bars, equipment and components thereof.
All bus bars will be capable of withstanding the mechanical forces and thermal stresses due to
maximum short circuit current.
In-cubicle ratings of incomer and bus-section breakers/switches will be identical to the associated
bus bar rating.
Incomer feeders & outgoing feeders rated up to and including 400 A, shall be switch fuse
controlled. Above 400 A, all incomers and outgoing feeders shall be breaker (ACB) controlled.
Withdrawable, truck mounted circuit breakers and fuse protected contactors will be provided.
Built-in or portable grounding switches/devices for both bus-bar and cable earth along with
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appropriate viewing ports will be provided. The equipment will be fully type-tested in accordance
with the relevant standards.
Mechanical interlocking will be employed within any given switchgear to prevent inappropriate a
pplication of earth switches, disconnectors, contactors or circuit breakers (such as closing a live
circuit onto an earthed bus).
For continuous operation at specified ratings, the temperature rise of various

equipment/components will be limited to the permissible values specified in relevant standards
and/or this specification.
LV equipment shall be rated for a minimum of 50kA symmetrical.
Circuit breakers will not produce any harmful over voltage during switching off of induction
motors. If required, surge protective devices will be included in the scope of supply to limit over
voltages.
Incomer and Bus-sections of all MCCs/PMCCs will have provisions for remote operation from the
respective control room through electrical control desk /CRT monitor.
LV transformers will be of the indoor dry type, installed close coupled to their switchgear, installed in
electrical rooms. The enclosure will be constructed of heavy gauge sheet steel. All ventilating open
ings will be in accordance with IEC standards for ventilated enclosures. The enclosure protection
class of metal enclosure will be above IP42 or equivalent. Measures will be taken to ensure safety
of the operators according to the specific installation conditions. The condition of thermal radiation a
nd temperature rise must meet the IEC 60076. All LV transformers must be rated with 20% spare c
apacity. A temperature control and indicating system will be provided for each dry type transformer.
Temperature will be measured, and alarm and trip contacts provided.
The LV system will be solidly grounded to ensure sufficient earth current for positive operation
of trip units.
An un-insulated copper ground bus shall be furnished through the entire length of the
switchgear. All switchgear equipment requiring grounding shall be connected to this ground bus.
10.2 Primary Section
An air insulated terminal chamber for high voltage connections, large enough to provide working
space for field fabrication and containment of stress cones within the chamber, shall be
provided as a gasketed enclosure mounted on the side on the transformer and furnished with
bolted covers.
10.3 Transformer Section
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Each PCC/PMCC/MCC/DB, as required, shall be provided with indoor type, 11 kV 0.433 kV,
three-phase, 50 Hz, dry-type transformers, with 75 kV BIL ratings for primaries. Transformers
will be close-coupled to the switchgear. Transformers in double-ended lineups shall be sized to
accommodate the normal operating loads (tie breaker open) at the AN rating of the
transformers, and shall be capable of carrying, at the AN rating, the additional operating loads
transferred from their paired power center bus, in the event of trouble or maintenance of the
other transformer (tie breaker closed). Transformers will be sized to include 10% margin over
the maximum demand.
Transformer primary windings shall be delta connected and shall be fed from the HT switchgear
breakers by cable. The secondary windings shall be wye connected, and the neutral shall be
solidly grounded.
Transformers shall be equipped with manual no-load tap changers with two (2) +/- 2-1/2 percent
full capacity taps on the high voltage side.
The high voltage and low voltage winding conductors shall be high conductivity copper.
Each transformer shall also be furnished with standard accessories including a dial or digital
type winding hot spot temperature indicator.
Transformers which are not fan cooled shall be provided with a local temperature gauge with
contacts for DCS alarm. Transformers which are fan cooled shall be provided with contacts
from the transformer cooling control for DCS alarm.
Ratings and Characteristics:

Design Ambient Temperature: 50 C
Phase, Frequency, Type: Three-phase, 50 Hz, dry-type
kVA Rating: As indicated on the one line diagram*
Voltage Ratio: 11 kV to 433 volts
Connection: Delta - Wye
Basic Impulse Level: 75 kVp
Vector Group: Dyn11
Cooling Method: AN
Impedance: As required by design
Tap Changer: OCTC
Taps: Two 2-1/2 percent above, and two 2-1/2
percent below nominal voltage.
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* - Maximum kVA rating of LT transformers will be limited to 2500kVA.
10.4 Switchgear Section
Switchgear phase bus bar material shall be copper bar. All joints shall have silver-to-silver
contact surfaces with minimum contact resistance.
The power circuit breakers in metal enclosed cubicles shall be 3-pole, single-throw air circuit
breakers of standard draw-out type design. Each power circuit breaker shall be provided with
a sufficient quantity of auxiliary contacts to provide the appropriate interlocks for proper
operation of the breaker. A breaker position switch shall be furnished with each breaker to
bypass all "b" auxiliary contacts in remote interlocking circuits when the breaker is in the test or
disconnected position. Circuit Breakers will be three pole, single throw, air break type with stored
energy, trip free mechanism and shunt trip coil.
All incomer breakers, bus-section breakers, and motor feeder breakers will have motor wound,
spring charging mechanisms. All other outgoing feeders will generally have hand-operated
spring charging mechanisms. However, outgoing feeders from the Unit PCC to the Emergency
MCC will be breaker controlled with motor wound spring charging mechanisms.
Ratings and Characteristics:

Voltage, Phase, Frequency: 415 volt, 3-phase, 3-wire, 50 Hz
Continuous Current: As Required by Design
Interrupting Capacity:
AC 50 kA, symmetrical
DC 25 kA
Control Power Voltage 220 VDC
All LT Switchgear, MCCs and DBs shall contain 20% spare feeders.
11.0 MOTOR CONTROL
11.1 HT Motor Control
Control for both 11kV and 3.3kV motors will be by means of vacuum circuit breakers.
Each motor feeder unit will consist of draw-out type vacuum circuit breaker and microprocessor
based protective relaying. Motor protection relays shall also have metering display and event
retention capability.
11.2 LT Motor Control
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In general, individual motor controllers shall be across-the-line type, combination starters with
magnetic-only type molded case circuit breaker, air break magnetic contactor, and three-phase
overload relay. Solid state overload relay with communication capability will be considered
The CB and starter combination shall have minimum interrupting capacity at 415 V of 50 kA
amperes. Handles shall have provisions for padlocking in the OPEN position.
Motor control circuits shall operate on a 240 volt, single phase, 50 hertz system derived from an
individual control power transformer mounted in each starter. One side of the secondary shall
be grounded and the other side provided with a fuse of suitable size for short circuit and
overcurrent protection of the control circuit. Both legs of the primary shall be fused. Control
wiring to MCCs shall be terminated on terminals mounted in the starter compartment. Each
starter compartment shall have an additional five (5) spare terminals.
Motor starters shall be provided with auxiliary contacts as required. As a minimum, two
normally open (2NO) auxiliary contacts shall be provided. This shall be in addition to the (NO)
contact normally used for seal-in and the (NO) contact for the running indication.
Power shall be distributed to individual 415 volt loads (other than motors) by means of circuit
breakers located in motor control centers. Circuit breakers shall have a minimum interrupting
capacity of 50 kA, symmetrical at 415 V.
Motors shall be assigned to MCCs based on location and process.
11.3 Fractional Horsepower Motor Control
Three-phase, fractional horsepower motors shall be controlled by means of 415V, full voltage
starters, complete with contactors and thermal overload relays.
12.0 DC POWER SYSTEM
DC electrical system will be provided at the 220V level as required to meet the safe operating
and emergency shut down requirement of the Facility. DC system shall be 2-wire, ungrounded.
Each units 220 VDC system will comprise of one distribution board (with a main-tie-main), two
batteries and two chargers, each battery charger comprised of one (1) float charger and one (1)
float-cum-boost charger, as shown on the One Line Diagrams. Battery Capacity at 27 Deg.C
shall be minimum 2000Ah, or more. Batteries will have a 20-year life.
220V distribution equipment will be rated for 25kA or lower, if system short circuit calculations
result in a lower value.
For the purpose of estimating battery capacities, the maximum and minimum temperatures shall
be considered as 50 degrees C and 3 degrees C, respectively.
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Further, the voltage at the Battery terminals will not exceed the limits of + 10% and - 15% of the
nominal system voltage at any time during the duty cycle.
For continuous operation at specified ratings, temperature rise of the various components of the
battery & battery charger will be limited to the permissible values stipulated in the relevant
standards and/or this document.
All equipment accessories and wiring will have fungus protection, involving special treatment of
insulation and metal against fungus, insects and corrosion.
Screens of corrosion resistant material will be furnished on all ventilating louvers to prevent the
entrance of insects.
The float charger will be sized to carry the total DC continuous load and the trickle charging
current of the battery plus a 25% margin. The charger will also be capable of delivering the
rated load under the specified voltage and frequency variations of incoming AC supply.
The float-cum-boost charger will be sized to restore the fully discharged battery to fully charged
condition in ten (10) hours for lead-acid batteries/ five (5) hours for Ni-Cd batteries, with 25%
margin over maximum charging rate or to operate as a float charger with duty requirement,
whichever is greater.
Plant batteries shall be sized in accordance with the latest revision of IEEE 485 for Lead acid
Batteries and IEEE Std. 1115/IS 10918 for Nickel-Cadmium batteries. Batteries shall be based
on a one (1) hour emergency duty load cycle and a 20 year life, and shall include a design
margin of 15%. An aging factor of 1.00 shall be used in accordance with IEEE 485 for Plante
type vented, lead-acid cells.
The emergency duty load cycle shall consist of the dc load requirements following a unit trip and
failure of all incoming AC supplies, for a period of (later) hour(s). DC motor inrush current and
duration shall be incorporated into the load cycle of the battery serving that load. The battery
ampere-hour capacity at the 10 hour rating shall be based on the emergency load cycle to a
final voltage of 1.85 volts per cell.
During normal operation, the station battery shall "float" on the dc supply bus bars in parallel
with the ac powered battery chargers, while the steady-state dc load is being supplied from the
ac system using the chargers. Momentary loads in excess of the capacity of the battery
chargers shall be supplied from the battery. On failure of ac power, the battery shall be able to
power the complete station dc load in accordance with the emergency load cycle.
Each dc system shall operate ungrounded. An alarm shall be provided for bus grounding and
low voltage condition. A suitable ground fault detection system will be provided in each battery
charger panel to detect ground fault on either polarity with local and remote alarms.
Each units 220 V battery chargers shall normally be powered from their respective station PCC
with provisions to alternately feed them from their respective emergency MCC through a toggle
switch, as shown on the one line diagram. Natural cooling is preferred.
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The battery room(s) for flooded cell batteries shall be designed in accordance with the
applicable requirements of IEEE 484 with the following exceptions and additions:
(a) Battery charging equipment, ac and dc switchboards and panels, light switches,
etc., shall not be installed in the same room with the batteries.
(b) Floor drains shall be installed in the room.
(c) A shower and eyewash station shall be provided.
(d) No unrelated power or control grade wiring shall be routed through the battery room.
*Approximate values, subject to equipment manufacturers standard package design.
24V DC will be derived from individual power supplies located in the various control system
cabinets which cater the SG/TG and Unit and Station C&I systems. These power supplies will
receive AC power from the plant UPS.
13.0 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (UPS) SYSTEM
13.1 General
A redundant UPS system will be provided per unit. The UPS will be used to provide continuous
power to essential loads and sensitive electronic equipment during normal operation and voltag
e disturbances. Output Rating of UPS System: The output of the UPS System(s) will be 40 kVA
(minimum), 240 volts, single phase, two wire, 50 Hz, 0.8 lagging PF to 1.0 PF, at 40C ambient.
The UPS system shall be installed indoors in A.C. environment.
UPS system shall be compatible for satisfactory and well-coordinated operation with other
related equipment as well as with input and output systems.
Energizing or de-energizing any portion of the system serviced by the UPS shall not cause
output changes which will affect the operation or integrity of the remaining portions of the
system in any way.
The equipment shall be self-protecting against all A.C. and D.C. transients, voltage surges, and
steady state abnormal voltages and currents.
The circuit protection shall be coordinated with UPS short circuit capacity and protective device
characteristics so that a fault on any circuit shall result in minimum loss of function.
All non-interrupting components of UPS system shall be capable of withstanding the prevailing
short circuit current without damage.
All circuit interrupting components shall be capable of withstanding and interrupting the
prevailing short circuit currents without damage.
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For continuous operation at specified ratings, temperature rise of the various components of
UPS system shall be limited to the permissible values stipulated in the relevant standards
and/or this document.
UPS shall have connectivity with the plant DCS status monitoring.
The UPS will consist of two physically separate sets of equipment streams each consisting of
the following:
i) One set of converter to convert incoming 415V, 1 Ph, 50 Hz A.C.

power to suitable D.C.
ii) One set of suitable Battery Bank to get charged by the above
referred converter and to feed the inverter described below.
iii) One set of inverter to take D.C. input from the above referred
converter - Battery assembly output to produce high quality 240V,
1Ph, 50 Hz A.C. output power.
iv) One set of standby bypass stream consisting of suitable

transformer/voltage stabilizer etc. to produce regulated 240V, 1 Ph.
50 Hz A.C. power from new input 240V, 1 Ph. 50 Hz A.C. power.
v) One set of static switch, synchronizing circuit to parallel the above-

mentioned Inverter output and bypass stabilized raw power stream.
vi) One UPS A.C. power distribution board with suitable no. of output
feeders.
Two sets of the equipment streams, as mentioned above, will constitute the UPS system.
The batteries shall be stationary Lead Acid Plante type and shall be suitable for operating
satisfactorily in humid and corrosive atmosphere.
The chargers/converters, inverters, static switches, and regulating transformers should be
arranged in such a way that any equipment will be fully isolated for maintenance without
affecting in any way the operation of other panels/ components.
In the A.C. Distribution Board, 10% or minimum one (1) no. spare feeder, grouped together,
shall be provided.
12.2 Ratings and Characteristics:

Capacity: 40 kVA (minimum)
Normal dc Input Voltage: (later)VDC
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Alternate ac Input: 240 volts, single- phase, 50 Hz

bypass transformer
Ac Output: 240 volts, single- phase, 2-wire, 50
Hz
If the inverter output voltage deviates from an acceptable set point, the transfer switch shall
automatically transfer, without output power interruption, to the auxiliary ac system through the
alternate source transformer. The inverter shall be sized for approximately 120 percent of the
estimated total essential (UPS) ac system load.
The static and manual bypass switches shall be purchased as part of the inverter and shall have
a rating at least that of the inverter. Static switch sizing shall be sufficient such that any branch
circuit can be cleared within the specified tolerances without actuating static switch protective
devices. The alternate source transformer/voltage regulator shall be sized at least 15 percent
greater than the size of the inverter.
The manual bypass switch shall be used to isolate the static switch from its load and alternate
source power supply, and to take it out of service without power interruption to the load. It shall
have make-before-break contacts so that the power supply to the loads is continuous during
switch operations. The manual bypass switch shall be rated 600 volts, 50 hertz, and shall have
a continuous rating equal to the continuous full load capacity of the inverter.
The equipment of the two UPS streams shall be physically isolated with reasonable space
between the two installations.
14.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PROTECTION
The following general requirements apply to all protective relaying applications:
a) The protective relay system will be designed to remove or alarm abnormal operating
occurrences occurring on equipment designed for electrical power generation, voltage
transformation, energy conversion, and transmission and distribution of electrical power.
The system will operate as rapidly as possible, consistent with maintaining proper
discrimination, to minimize damage to equipment and disturbance to the electrical
system as a whole.
b) To limit damage to faulted equipment.
c) Minimize possibility of fire or explosion.
d) Minimize hazard to personnel.
e) The protective relaying system will be a coordinated application of either individual

relays, multi-function relays, or a combination of individual and multifunction relays.
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Numerical microprocessor based protective relays with redundant processors are

preferred. For each monitored abnormal condition, there will exist a designated primary
device for detection of that condition. A failure of any primary relay will result in the
action of a secondary over lapping scheme to detect the effect of the same abnormal
occurrence. The secondary relay may be the primary relay for a different abnormal
condition. Alternate relays may exist which detect the initial abnormal condition but
which have an inherent time delay so that the alternate relays will operate after the
primary and secondary relays. Similar to secondary relays, the alternate relays may be
primary relays for other abnormal conditions. All protective relays will be selected to
coordinate with protective devices supplied by manufacturers of major equipment and
the thermal limits of electrical conductors and electrical equipment, such as transformers
and motors.
f) Auxiliary relays, supervision relays, timers etc as required for completeness of the
scheme will be provided. For lockout relays necessary supervision will be provided.
g) Multifunction relays used for GT, UT, ST, Generator and HT Switchgear shall be
equipped with disturbance recorder features.
h) Additional detailed requirements for all relays will be in accordance with those given in
the respective equipment technical specifications.
i) Minimum accuracy class will be as follows:
Current Transformers
i) Class PS (PX) for differential relaying
ii) Class 5P20 for other relaying
iii) Class 0.2S, 5 Amps and ISF <5 for metering.
iv) For EHG performance testing, Lower forward power protection (37) and Reverse
Power protection, CT will be 5P20 class accuracy class.
Voltage transformers
i) Class 0.2 for metering
ii) Class 3P for protection
iii) For EHG performance testing, Lower forward power protection (37) and Reverse
Power protection (32), VT will be 0.2 class accuracy class.
14.1 Unit Protection philosophy (including GT & UT)
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The protection of each generator will be divided into two groups. Both groups will be, physically
and electrically separated into two separate and independent systems realized using two nos.
integrated numerical relays. Each group will be receiving all AC and DC signals from two
separate sets of devices. Similarly these two groups will derive DC supply from two separate
feeders. The trip relays in each group will be tripping the respective circuit breakers through
both trip coils I & II. Dead machine protection will receive their D.C power supply from station
DCDB.
The Generator, GT and UT protections will be classified to initiate the following three classes of
tripping:
a) Class-A trip mode for critical electrical faults in the Generator system.
b) Class-B trip mode for non-critical electrical faults in the Generator system.
c) Class-C trip mode for abnormal operating conditions and system disturbances.
CLASS -A TRIP
Class A group will operate on all electrical faults which need the complete shutdown of both the
turbine and generator simultaneously and instantaneously. It trips out the generator transformer
breaker, de-excites the unit and initiates auto changeover from unit to station auxiliary supply for
11 / 3.3 kV unit auxiliaries and trips out certain nonessential 11 /3.3 kV auxiliaries.
CLASS-B TRIP
In this mode of tripping, the turbine is shut down first and the generator is tripped subsequently
by the low forward power relay or reverse power relays. This is to ensure that the unit does not
overspeed on tripping due to the trapped steam in the turbine. This mode of tripping is adopted
for all mechanical faults and noncritical electrical faults, which are considered safe to afford the
time delay.
CLASS-C TRIP
In this mode of tripping the generator is isolated from the power system by tripping the circuit
breaker connecting the state grid. The set runs with HP/ LP bypass system and generator
continues to feed unit auxiliaries through Unit Transformer. All necessary relays, auxiliary
relays, etc for the same will be considered. For house load operation the grid condition or
abnormalities in addition to machine requirements will be considered. The protections
envisaged in GRP are listed below. Also main one line diagram indicating the various
protections envisaged is attached for reference. Both the list and the drawing will be considered
complementary to each other and all the protections indicated will be provided. DPI will include
any additional protections deemed needed for the equipment offered even if not indicated in the
list and the drawings. Numerical relays will be provided for main protections of Generator, GT
and UT. However, static relays are only required where multifunction numerical relays does not
cover dead machine and any other protection.
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The following are the minimum specified protection functions are required for Generator,
Generator transformer and Unit transformer. The protections will be furnished with accessories
like timers, auxiliary relays, interposing CTs & VTs, tripping relays etc. as required to fulfill the
functional requirement of control, indication, interlock & protection.
14.2 INTEGRATED GENERATOR AND GENERATOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
Protection Function Device No.
Generator Differential Protection : 87G
Dual Zone phase distance protection for phase back-

up (Pre-Synchronizing and Post-synchronizing) : 21G-1 & 2
Generator Low Forward Power protection : 37G
Generator Overload protection : 51G
Generator Over Voltage protection : 59G
Generator 95% Stator Earth Fault protection : 64G1
Generator 100% Stator Earth Fault protection : 64G2
Generator Loss of excitation protection : 40G
Generator Under Voltage Relay : 27G
Generator Negative Sequence protection : 46G
Generator Reverse Power protection : 32G
Generator Pole Slipping Protection : 78G
Generator Over Frequency protection : 81O
Generator Under Frequency protection : 81U
Generator Rotor Earth Fault protection Two Stage

Insulation Monitoring Type : 64R
Dead Machine Protection : 50 GDM
Generator Thermal Over Load protection : 49G.
Over fluxing protection : 99G.
Stator and rotor earth fault protection through low frequency voltage injection.
14.2.1 DISCRETE MISC./ LOCK OUT RELAYS (FOR GENERATOR)
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Overall Differential Protection including generator, generator

transformer, unit transformer and 400 KV line from GT up to
switchyard: 87 OA
Generator V.T. Primary and Secondary Fuse Failure Relays: 60G
Master Unit Trip Lockout Relay: 86-U1 & U2
Synchronizing Check Relay with Accessories: 25
Master Generator Trip Lockout Relay: 86-G1& GX
Back up voltage operated earth fault Relay: 64 B-G
Master Trip Relay and necessary auxiliary relay for Turbine

Lockout: 86T, 86TX
Note:
1. High speed trip relays (86 G1, 86 GX): adequate number of high speed trip
relays for each class of tripping and separately for each group will be provided for
the protection of the unit.
The quantity of the trip relays will also consider the requirement due to the
following:
i) Contact requirements for various systems covered under the scope of this
contract.
ii) Contacts from each category of tripping relay for annunciation, data
acquisition, sequential event recorder and fault disturbance recorder.
iii) Contacts for control, protection and interlock in system viz. 400 kV circuit
breakers tripping/ close permissive, 11 /3.3 kV aux. Supply breakers trip /
close permissive, transformer cooler circuit interlocks, LBB protection etc.
iv) 10% spare contacts (both N/O and N/C)
2. Supervision relays for tripping relays (98GL1 to GLX)/ & breaker coils Multiple
generator lockout relays will be used to receive signal inputs from protective
relays and to provide the contacts needed to initiate protective action and alarms.
Protective relays will trip lockout relays based on functional redundancy.
All lockout relays will have a manual reset feature which will require an operator to
manually reset the lockout relay prior to returning the affected equipment to service.
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14.3 GENERATOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
Transformer H.V side Restricted E/F Protection.: 64RHGT
Transformer H.V. side Stand By E/F IDMT: 51NGT

Protection.
Generator transformer differential protection: 87GT
Generator transformer HV side O/C back up: 50/51GT2

Protection with timer
Local Breaker back up protection with its run trip relay: 50LBB
GT HV & Overhead line connection differential protection: 87HV (by Others)
Volts/Hz. Over fluxing Protection: 99GT
Buchholz Relay
Winding Temperature
Oil Temperature
Pressure Relief Device operation
Master Trip Relay : 86
Tripping relays for protection devices of Generator Transformer (GT) and 63X / 49X for
multiplying the contacts of protections.
i) For trip function 63X1/49X1
- GT buchholz II stage 63TX
- GT winding temperature very high 49 WTX
- GT oil temperature very high 49 OTX
- GT pressure relief device operated 63 PTX
- GT fire protection trip FRTX
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ii) For annunciation function 63X2/49X2
- GT Buchholz I stage 63AX
- GT winding temperature high 49 WAX
- GT oil temperature high 490AX
- GT oil level low OLAX
- Cooler supply failure
- Cooler trouble
14.3.1 DISCRETE MISC. / AUXILIARY RELAYS (FOR GT PROTECTION)
Auxiliary relays for transformer accessories: 30
14.4 UNIT TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

Transformer Differential Protection: 87UT
Transformer H.V. side back-up IDMT over current protection

with high set instantaneous unit : 50/51 HUT
Transformer L.V winding restricted earth fault protection: 64RLUT
Transformer L.V neutral back-up definite time earth fault

protection: 51N LUT
Buchholz Relay
Winding Temperature
Oil Temperature
OLTC surge protection.
Master Trip Relay: 86
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Tripping relays for protection devices of Unit Transformer (UT) and 63X /
49X for multiplying the contacts of protections.
i) For trip function : 63X1/49X1
- UT buchholz II stage : 63TX
- UT winding temperature very high : 49 WTX
- UT oil temperature very high : 49 OTX
- UT pressure relief device operated : 63 PTX
- UT fire protection trip : FRTX
ii) For annunciation function : 63x2/49x2
- UT Buchholz I stage : 63AX
- UT winding temperature high : 49 WAX
- UT oil temperature high : 490AX
- UT oil level low : OLAX
- Cooler trouble
14.4.1 DISCRETE MISC. / AUXILIARY RELAYS (FOR UT PROTECTION)
Auxiliary relays for transformer accessories: 30
Master trip Lockout Relay: 86 UT
14.5 STATION TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
Differential protection 87T
IDMT Phase overcurrent with Instantaneous unit 50/51
Restricted earth fault for HV and LV1, LV2 separately 64REF
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Back up Earth Fault protection for HV and LV1, LV2 separately. 51NT
Instantaneous earth fault 50N
Local Breaker Back up 50 LBB
Over fluxing 99
Transformer Buchholz 63
OLTC surge protection
High winding temperature
High oil temperature
Pressure relief device operation.
Master Trip Relay 86
Tripping relays for protection devices of Station Transformer (ST) and 63X / 49X for
multiplying the contacts of protections.
- ST buchholz II stage 63TX
- ST winding temperature very high 49 WTX
- ST oil temperature very high 49 OTX
- ST pressure relief device operated 63 PTX
- ST fire protection trip FRTX
ii) For annunciation function 63x2/49x2
- ST Buchholz I stage 63AX
- ST winding temperature high 49 WAX
- ST oil temperature high 490AX
- ST oil level low OLAX
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- Cooler trouble
14.6 UNIT AUX TRANSFORMER /STATION AUX TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

Differential protection 87T
Transformer H.V. side back-up IDMT over current protection

with high set instantaneous unit: 50/51 HUT
Transformer L.V winding restricted earth fault protection: 64RLUT
Transformer L.V neutral back-up definite time earth fault

protection: 51N LUT
Buchholz Relay
Winding Temperature
Oil Temperature
Master Trip Relay: 86
Tripping relays for protection devices of UAT/SAT and 63X / 49X for multiplying the
contacts of protections.
- UT buchholz II stage 63TX
- UT winding temperature very high 49 WTX
- UT oil temperature very high 49 OTX
- UT pressure relief device operated 63

PTX
- UT fire protection trip
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- FRTX
ii) For annunciation function 63X2/49X2
- UT Buchholz I stage 63AX
- UT winding temperature high 49 WAX
- UT oil temperature high 490AX
- UT oil level low OLAX
- Cooler trouble
Transformer WTI / OTI / OIL LEVEL/ Pressure Relief / OLTC Surge Protection / Tap
Changer Trouble etc. will be provided through binary input of numerical relay distributed
properly considering outage of one group.
Legend
`H.V.' - High Voltage GT - Generator Transformer

`L.V.' - Low Voltage UT - Unit Transformer
G - Generator ST - Station Transformer
UAT - Unit Aux. Transformer SAT - Station Aux Transformer
NOTES: 1. The data of all the protection relays (Generator, Generator Transformer, Unit
Transformer, Station Transformer, HT switchgear etc) will be communicated to
DCS/EDMS.
14.7 HT SWITCHGEAR
14.7.1 Protection to be provided for different types of circuits is listed below -
i. Incomer: a IDMTL Over current (50 / 51) will be with timer
b. IDMTL Over current (50N / 51N) will be with timer
c. IDMTL over current (51SN) for stand by earth fault (for

incomer from transformer only).
.
d. Restricted E/F (64) (for incomer from transformer only)
e. Under voltage with time delay (27)
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f. VT fuse failure
g. Circuit breaker failure
ii. Tie: a. IDMTL Over current (50 / 51) will be with timer
b. IDMTL Over current (50N / 51N) will be with timer
c. Under voltage with time delay (27)

.
d. VT fuse failure
e. Circuit breaker failure
f. Synchronizing check relay, if applicable, complete with

guard relay and hard wires.
iii. Motor : a. Thermal overload (49)

feeder
b. Phase fault (50)
c. Unbalance(neg. seq.) (46)
d. Locked rotor (50 LR) (ref. par. 14.7.6)
e. Definite time O/C (50G) for earth fault (through CBCT)
f. Differential (87) protection for motors above 1000 kW rating.
g. Circuit breaker failure
h. Winding temperature
i. Bearing temperature
iv. Auxiliary : a. IDMTL over current (50/51) with high set instantaneous units
Transformer for phase faults (Oil & Dry type transformer)
b. Definite time O/C (50G) with timer for earth fault (through CBCT)
(Oil & Dry type transformer)
c. Differential protection (for transformers rated 5MVA and above)
d. Gas pressure alarm and trip. (Oil type transformer)
e. Winding temperature alarm and trip. (Oil type transformer)
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f. Oil temperature alarm and trip. (Oil type transformer)
g. Pressure relief device operated alarm. (Oil type transformer)
h. Conservator oil level low alarm. (Oil type transformer)
i. Circuit breaker failure.
v. Outgoing : a. IDMTL over current (50/51) will be with Timer.

feeder
b. IDMTL over current (50N/51N) will be with Timer.
c. Circuit breaker failure.
vi. Bus-coupler: a. IDMTL over current (50/51) will be with Timer.
b. IDMTL over current (50N/51N) will be with Timer.
c. Circuit breaker failure.
14.7.2 In case any trip function is not available in a single relay, separate numerical
relays will be provided to achieve the requirement.
14.7.3 All protective relays will be provided with self reset type of contacts.
14.7.4 Apart from protection relays, each breaker will be provided with separate discrete
auxiliary relays for anti-pumping (94), trip annunciation (30), trip
supervision (74), electrically reset type breaker contact multiplication
(52X) relay and lockout (86) functions. Lockout relay will be hand reset
type. For multifunction relays however, trip circuit supervision function as
an integral feature of the relay is acceptable. Individual trip circuit
supervision function will be provided with respect to each trip coil of circuit
breaker.
14.7.5 Numerical under voltage relays (27) with time delay relay including VT fuse failure
relay will be provided for Bus VTs.
14.7.6 IDMTL relay version will be decided as per system requirement and the same will
be finalized during detail engineering.
14.7.7 Zero-sequence CT and associated relay combination will be such as to ensure a

pick-up sensitivity of 10A primary ground fault current.
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14.7.8 Separate locked rotor protection relay (50 LR) with auxiliary relay (50 LRX) will be
furnished, if required.
14.8 LT SWITCHGEAR AND MCCS
The minimum protection to be provided for circuit breaker controlled feeders is listed below:
a) Incoming Feeders : 3-Inverse time O/C relays (51) for phase faults
& Instantaneous O/C (50) with timer
1-Inverse time O/C relay (51N) for Earth faults
Under Voltage relay (27) with Timer (2)
b) Motor Feeders : Microprocessor based Numerical Protection for LT Motor

75kW & above.
Suitable digital/microprocessor based numerical relays for motor protection with the following
minimum functions, as indicated below:
- Thermal model based with RTD feed back and negative sequence
current.
- Voltage compensated acceleration.
- Under voltage, over voltage protection.
- Overload protection.
- Short circuit & SC back-up.
- Current unbalance.
- Ground fault.
- Temperature monitoring (stator, bearing etc.).
- Phase reversal.
- Locked rotor protection
Apart from above suitable provision for metering and monitoring such as voltage, current,
power factor, watt-hr, event record etc. will be provided.
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Relays will have facility for user interface capability, character display, keypad, and LED
indicator and communication port along with licensed version software.
c) Lighting transformers : 3-inverse time O/C relays with feeders high set
instantaneous unit (50/51) for phase faults
1-inverse time O/C relay (51N) for earth fault
d) Outgoing Feeders : - 2-Inverse time O/C relays (51) for phase fault
- 1-Inverse time O/C relay (51N) for Earth fault

All inverse time O/C relays will be 1.3 sec version.
Apart from protection relays, each electrically operated breaker will be provided with antipumping
(94), trip annunciation (30), lockout (86) and trip circuit supervision (74) relays. Lockout relays will
be hand reset type.
Fuse failure relays will be provided on the secondary side of voltage transformers to monitor H.V.
& L.V. fuses.
15.0 MOTORS
15.1 General
All motors will conform to the latest applicable IS, IEC and CBIP Standards/Publications, except
where otherwise stated.
The major standards which will be followed are the following:
IS-325
IS-12615
IEC-34
Motors will be general purpose, constant speed, squirrel cage, three/single phase, induction type.
All motors will be rated for continuous duty. They will also be suitable for long periods of inactivity.
The motor name-plate rating at 50C will have at least 10% margin over the input power
requirement of the driven HT equipment at rated duty point unless stated otherwise in the driven
equipment specification or in the general electrical specification.
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The motor characteristics will match the requirements of the driven equipment so that adequate
starting, accelerating, pull up, break down and full load torques are available for the intended
service.
All LT motors will be energy efficient type.
The motor name plate rating will have at least 10% margin over the input power requirement of
the HT driven equipment and 15% for LT driven equipments at rated duty point.
The voltage rating of ac motors will be as follows:

All motor-operated valves 415 volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz
Motors up to and including 160kW 415 volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz
Motors above 160kW up to and 3300 volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz
including 1000kW
Motors above 1000kW 11,000 volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz
Direct current (dc) motors 220 VDC
Motors will start with rated load and accelerate to full speed with 80% of rated voltage at the
motor terminals, except for the BFP motors. In the case of the BFP motors, motor terminal
voltage will be 75% of rated voltage. The minimum starting requirement for the mill motors
(double cage) will be 85% of rated voltage at motor terminals.
Motors will be designed for direct online starting at full voltage. Starting current will not exceed 6
times full load current for all auxiliaries except boiler feed pumps where the starting current will
be limited to 5 times. However, if it is proven by calculation, that a boiler feed pump motor with
starting current of 6 times full load current can be started without lowering the voltage on plant
buses to unacceptable levels, then the same motor shall be acceptable to the Owner.
Motors will be capable of withstanding the stresses imposed if started at 110% rated voltage.
Motors will be capable of three equally spread starts per hour, two starts in quick succession
from cold condition and one restart from hot condition.
Cranking motor will be capable of six equally spread starts per hour, three starts in quick
succession from cold condition and one restart from hot condition. The coal conveyor and
crusher motors will be suitable for 3 consecutive hot starts with maximum 20 starts per day.
Pump motors subject to reverse rotation will be designed to withstand the stresses encountered
when starting with shaft rotating at 125% rated speed in reverse direction.
HT pump motors will be suitable to start with forward rotation.
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Motors will be designed to withstand 120% of rated speed for 2 minutes without any mechanical
damage.
The locked rotor withstand time under hot conditions at 110% rated voltage will be more than the
motor starting time by at least 2.5 seconds for motors up to 20 seconds starting time and by 5
seconds for motors with more than 20 seconds starting time.
Starting time mentioned above is at minimum permissible voltage of 80% rated voltage.
The hot thermal withstand curve will have a margin of at least 10% over the full load current of the
motor, to permit relay settings utilising motor rated capacity.
AC motor windings shall have a Class F insulation system, suitable for power plant service,
conforming to the requirements of NEMA MG1. The temperature rise shall not exceed limits
for Class B insulation.
All insulated windings will be copper.

Windings will be impregnated to make them non-hygroscopic and oil resistant.
All motors will have fungus protection involving special treatment of insulation and metal against
fungus, insects and corrosion.
All fittings and hardware will be corrosion resistant.
Antifriction or sleeve bearings shall be provided in accordance with standard design for the
motor application. If sleeve bearings are provided, they shall be of the split type, shall be
readily accessible and replaceable, and shall be of the ring-oiled type, when practical.
Antifriction bearings shall be designed to minimize the likelihood of over-lubricating, shall be
sealed to protect against dust entry and loss of lubricant, and shall be provided with the
capability of flushing old lubricant and adding new lubricant.
All motors rated 75 kW and above, shall be provided with anti-condensation space heaters.
Motor operated valves and dampers shall be specified to have motor space heaters in addition
to the valves or damper compartment space heaters. Space heaters, including space heaters
for dc motors, shall typically be rated for 240 volts, single-phase. Heater wattages shall be sized
as required to maintain the internal temperature above the dew point.
The brake horsepower of the load at design conditions shall be less (preferably 10 percent) than
motor nameplate rating at a 1.0 service factor. Motors with a 1.1 or higher service factor listed
on the nameplate are acceptable provided they meet this requirement.
Horizontal motors shall be of the foot-mounted type and vertical motors shall be of the flange-
mounted type. Aluminum frames for motors shall not be used. Each motor shall be furnished
with a grounding connector attached to the motor frame inside the motor power lead terminal
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housing. The grounding connector may be a lug or terminal or other acceptable grounding
connector.
All motors shall be supplied with connection boxes of sufficient size to accommodate the rated
or oversized power lead termination as required, without reduction of cable cross section.
Motors located in hazardous areas shall meet the requirements of the applicable area
classification.
The frame of each motor will be provided with two separate and distinct grounding pads complete
with tapped hole, GI bolts and washer.
The grounding connection will be suitable for accommodation of ground conductors as follows:
Motor above 90 KW : 50 x 6 mm GS Flat
Motor above 30 KW up to 90 KW : 35 x 6 mm GS Flat
Motor above 5 KW up to 30 KW : 25 x 3 mm GS Flat
Motor up to 5 KW : 8 SWG GI Wire
The cable terminal box will have a separate grounding pad.
All 11000V and 3300V motors will be provided with twelve (12) nos. simplex type winding
temperature detectors, four (4) nos. per phase.
11000V and 3300V motor bearings will be provided with duplex type temperature detectors.
The temperature detector mentioned above will be resistance type, 3 wire, platinum wound, 100
Ohms at 0 C.
Leads of all simplex type motor winding RTDs and motor bearing RTDs will be wired up to their
respective switchgear metering & protection compartment. From which one set of RTDS will be
connected to the numerical protection relay and another set will be kept free for DCS connectivity.
Five temperature detectors / thermisters will be provided for L.T. motors above 90 KW (3 nos.
winding temperatures & 2 nos. bearing temperatures)
A dial type local indicator with alarm contacts will be provided for the following:
a) 11000 V and 3300V motor bearing temperature.
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b) Hot and cold air temperature of the closed air circuit for CACA and CACW
motors.
Flow switches will be provided for monitoring cooling water flow of CACW motor and oil flow of
forced lubrication bearing, if used.
Alarm switch contact ratings will be minimum 0.5 A at 220V D.C. and 5A at 240V A.C.
Motors above 1000kW will be provided with three differential current transformers mounted over
the neutral leads within the enclosure. Differential CT, if required for any BOP motors, shall be
supplied by the Owner at motor and switchgear ends.
The arrangement will be such as to permit easy access for C.T. testing and replacement. Current
transformer characteristics will match Owner's requirements.
All accessory equipment such as space heaters, temperature detectors, current transformers etc.,
will be wired to and terminated in terminal boxes, separate from and independent of the motor
(power) terminal box.
Accessory terminal box will be complete with double compression brass glands and pressure type
terminals to suit cable connections.
HT motor terminal boxes shall be large enough to accommodate stress cones on connecting
power cables, as applicable. On HT motors, accessory connection boxes shall be supplied
separately from the power terminal box. The instrumentation accessories, such as RTDs and
thermocouples, shall be grouped in a separate box from the box which contains other
accessories, such as space heaters and CT secondary wiring.
All motor enclosures will conform to the degree of protection IP-55 unless otherwise specified.
Motors for outdoor or semi-outdoor service will be of weather-proof construction. IP22 is
acceptable for DC motors.
Motors will be self ventilated type, either totally enclosed fan cooled (TEFC) or closed air circuit
air- cooled (CACA). CACW motors will be applicable only for BFP, ID fan & CW pump.
DC motors shall have winding types as required for the application, and shall be suitable for
operation on the DC power source selected.
15.2 D.C. Motors
D.C. motors provided for emergency service will be shunt/compound wound type.
Motors will be sized for operation with fixed resistance starters for maximum reliability.
Starter panels complete with all accessories will be included in the scope of supply.
All motors shall be designed to operate in an ambient temperature of 50o C.
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16.0 GROUNDING SYSTEM
16.1 General
The design of the grounding system shall be to achieve the following objectives:
(1) Provide a low impedance ground-fault current return path

(2) Maintain safe step and touch potentials during electrical transients
(3) Minimize ground potential rise and noise interference in instrumentation
systems
(4) Minimize the effect of lightning surges on equipment and structures
(5) Eliminate or render safe any transfer of potential between the ground grid area
and outside points.
The grounding requirement of the power station complex is divided into the following three main
categories :
a) System grounding
b) Equipment grounding
c) Electronic Equipment grounding
Soil resistivity test data shall be obtained from the site by conducting site soil survey(s) prior to
the beginning of the plant grounding system and ground grid design. Soil resistivity shall be
measured by the Wenner Method described in IEEE Standards 80 and 81.
Grounding will follow the relevant standards/codes amended till date as below:
a) Indian Electricity rules
b) National Electrical Code
c) Code of Practice of Grounding IS 3043
d) Protection of building and allied structures against lightning IS 2309
e) IS- 732, IS 226, IS 2629, IS 2633 & IS 4759
f) IEEE -80, IEEE-665
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The station grounding system will be an interconnected network of MS conductor and MS

ground rods. The system will be provided to protect plant personnel and equipment from the
hazards, which can occur during power system faults and lightning strikes
16.2 Design Basis
The station grounding system will be designed in compliance with the IEEE-80/ IEEE-665
considering fault current of 50kA for 1 sec. and will be subject to approval of the Owner.
Actual soil resistivity measurement will be carried out at proposed site for new units during the
dry season. This data along with above mentioned data will be considered and the DPI will use
the higher value of soil resistivity i.e. between the measured value and the value used for
existing units.
a) Major items of equipment, such as generator, switchgear, transformer, motor, relay panels
and control panels etc will have integral ground buses or connection points which will be
connected to the station ground grid.
b) Electronic panels and equipment, where required, will be grounded utilizing an insulated
ground wire connected in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Where
practical, electronics ground loops will be avoided. Where this is not practical, isolation
transformers will be furnished. All indoor and outdoor electrical equipment and associated
non current carrying system, metal works, support structures, buildings columns, fence,
neutrals, masts, arrestors, etc will be connected to the plant ground system.
c) Instrumentation cable screens will be single point bonded to the instrument earth network to
minimize the effects of electrical interference.
d) For Signal/case/intrinsically safe signal, grounding of control room instruments, separate

earth pit not connected to main ground grid will be used. Control cabinets will be
connected to this separate earth pit.
e) A grounding conductor will be routed parallel to all power conductors operating above 240
volts.
f) All ground wires installed in conduits will be un-insulated.
g) Embedded grounding grid of 75x10mm GI flat at basement/grade slab as well as upper

floor/suspended slabs will be provided.
h) In addition mild steel ground pads at different locations i.e. on wall/floor/ceiling inside the
buildings/tunnels/trenches will be provided. These pads will be in turn connected to below
ground level earth mat through galvanized steel flat or riser. Each ground pad will have
provision for connection of at least two 75x10mm GI flats.
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i) Treated earth pit will be provided for system grounding at locations where
generator and transformer neutrals are grounded. Two pits will be provided for
each neutral.
j) Dedicated treated earth pit will be provided for lightning protection system.
k) Clean grounding for instrumentation will be provided with dedicated grounding

system.
In order to meet the above objectives, a ground grid mesh will be provided for the main plant
complex, viz. transformer yard adjacent to power house building, power house building and boiler
area, mill building, auxiliary buildings. Interconnection between switchyard ground grid and power
plant ground grid will be done at, at least four points.
All electrical equipment, non current carrying metal parts, structures, building steel, lightning
protection system, generator/transformer neutrals will be connected to this station ground grid.
The major aspects to be considered for the grounding system design are given below:
16.3 Power System Grounding
Power systems shall be grounded as follows:
The neutral of the high voltage winding of the generator step-up transformers shall be solidly
grounded and shall be tied to the ground grid via properly rated surge arresters.
Each generator neutral point shall be grounded through a distribution type grounding
transformer shunted by a secondary loading resistor. The earth fault current will be limited to
5 15 Amperes. The transformers and the resistors shall be sized in accordance with IEEE
142 and IEEE 32.
The HT system shall be grounded through resistors to limit the ground fault current to a
value required for proper relaying.
The neutral of the 433 volt winding on all unit substation power transformers shall be solidly
grounded.
The neutral point on the lighting and miscellaneous power transformers associated with
415/240 volt system shall be solidly grounded.
The DC system shall operate ungrounded. Ground detection and alarm devices shall be
provided to alert the control room operator of a ground on any leg of this ungrounded
system, and to provide local indication and a DCS alarm.
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The Essential AC (UPS) System neutral point shall be solidly grounded.
16.4 Ground Grid

A stable ground grid will be provided for grounding of equipment and structures and for
maintaining the step and touch potentials within safe limits. An earth mat will be laid in and
around the power station. This mat will be buried at a suitable depth below the ground and
provided with ground electrodes at suitable spacing. All metallic parts of equipment, supposed to
be kept at earth potential, will be connected to the grounding mat. Buildings, structures,
transmission towers, plant railroad tracks and the perimeter fencing will also be connected to the
grounding mat. This grounding mat will be interconnected with the BOP grounding mats by the
BOP Contractor.
The ground grid mesh will be designed to keep the touch and step voltages within safe limits as
per recommendation of IEEE 80 & IEEE 665. Evaluation of step and touch potentials based on
the geometry of the grid shall be in accordance with IEEE 80.
The ground grid conductors will be buried in earth at a minimum depth of 1000 mm. The length
of ground conductors below earth will be sufficient to ensure a ground resistance less than one
(1) ohm.
The ground grid conductor will be so laid as to provide short and direct connection to building
steel and major electrical equipment.
Ground rods will be provided at the points where system neutrals/lightning protections are
connected to the ground grid.
All ground grid conductor connections will be welded type.
For test pits, the Electrode will be 100 mm dia. Heavy duty C.I. pipe with perforations.
Electrodes installed in test pits will have disconnecting facilities. The ground grid shall be tested
before any ground grid ties to utility facilities are installed.
16.5 Ground Grid Conductors
A ground grid conductor of mild steel rod will be used.
The minimum conductor section is determined on the basis of ground fault current. This
section is then increased by an allowance to account for the soil corrosion loss of 0.3 mm per
year over the design life of 30 years.
16.5.1 Transformer Yard

Galvanized steel flats will be used for all connections above earth.
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Inside buildings, ground conductors will be run for each floor supported on building steel and/or
cable trays. These ground conductors in turn will be connected to the station ground grid through
risers (at least two) coming up along building columns/cable shafts.
Two separate and distinct ground connections will be provided for each electrical equipment in
compliance with I.E. Rules.
All connections above ground will be welded type except connection to equipment/structures
which will be bolted type.
Foundation reinforcement steel and steel structures shall not be directly used as an integral part
of the ground grid for the conduction of the ground current from one point to another point within
the ground grid. In the event the design of this station requires the use of steel piling in the
station proper, the steel piling shall be provided with a quality coating.
Major equipment and tanks shall be connected to the main ground grid. Physically large
equipment shall be connected to the main grid in two places on opposite sides.
Ground cables shall be laid with each underground electrical duct run, and shall be connected
with ground cables from other duct runs at each manhole. All hardware including cable splices
shall be bonded to these ground cables.
All underground or embedded grounding connections shall make use of exothermic connections
exclusively.
16.5.2 Structure Grounding
16.5.2.1 Buildings
Each building shall have a grounding conductor installed around the building perimeters. The
conductor shall be used to tie the building steel to the ground grid. Metallic door frames of
external doors shall be directly tied to the plants ground grid system. Metallic door frames of
internal doors may be grounded through building steel.
16.5.2.2 Chimney
A ground grid installed for lightning protection of chimney will be buried below and just beyond
the periphery of the base, interconnected at two diametrically opposite points to the plant
ground grid. At least two risers shall be provided at diametrically opposite points for
continuation above grade.
Metal chimneys, and above grade tanks, shall be grounded directly to the ground grid.
16.5.2.3 Site Fence
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Grounding of the site fence shall be by Others.
16.5.2.4 Cooling Tower Structure
Grounding of the Cooling Tower shall be by Others.
16.5.3 Electrical Equipment Grounding

Equipment ground connections will be sized to carry the available ground fault current.
Considerations will also be given to mechanical ruggedness of the connections and to limit the
number of sizes.
Entire erection of grounding work will be carried out in such a way as to be capable of
withstanding the intended services of carrying full short circuit level currents to the ground mat
without any damage/deformation.
Exposed non-current-carrying metallic parts of electrical equipment, shall be grounded.
Connections to equipment and ground buses shall be made with lugs attached to the equipment
by means of bolts. Anchor bolts of equipment housings shall not be used for fastening lugs of
the grounding cable. Connections for cable to cable shall be made by means of the thermal
weld process.
Feeders supplying switchgear, motor control centers and power control center transformers
shall have a ground conductor run with phase conductors. In addition, the switchgear, MCC
ground buses and power control center transformer enclosures shall be connected to the
electrical room ground loop or bus.
Motors rated 415V shall be grounded by running a ground conductor from the source of supply
with the motors power conductors and bonding the conductor to the enclosures at each end.
The ground conductor shall be sized, as a minimum, per NEC Table 250-95. The conductor
jacket shall be colored green.
Motors rated for 3300V and 11000V shall be grounded in accordance with the requirements
outlined above, for 415V motors, and additionally, shall be connected to the local ground loop
using another ground cable.
Small electrical equipment enclosures such as individual starters, panel boards, control panels,
lighting transformers, 415V power receptacles, control stations, indoor lighting fixtures, 240V
motors, unit heaters, convenience receptacles, instruments with 240V power supply, shall be
grounded in the same manner as described in the above paragraph, for 415V motors, and by
installing the ground conductor in the conduit or cable containing the power supply or circuit
conductors.
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Instrument enclosures (without 240V power supply) shall be grounded by means of the conduit
or raceway containing the circuit conductors.
For instruments (without 240V power supply), a threaded conduit connection to the enclosure
shall be considered a satisfactory grounding means. Liquid-tight flexible metal conduit with
approved connectors, in trade sizes 32mm and smaller, shall be considered a suitable
grounding conductor where the total length of Liquid-tight in the grounding path does not exceed
1.8m, where terminated at both ends with approved fittings which are UL listed for grounding,
and where the circuit overcurrent protection is 20 Amps or less.
Grounding bushings and jumpers shall be installed on conduits where threaded fittings are not
used, such as locknut entrances to the sheet metal MCC, boxes, panel boards and cabinets.
In underground duct banks, the equipment ground conductor shall be a green colored ground
wire run with phase wires in single conductor installation. For multi-conductor cable
installation, bare ground conductor in the cable shall be used as equipment ground conductor.
16.5.4 Control System Grounding

A control system grounding system shall be provided in accordance with manufacturers
requirements. For grounding of electronic equipment, a separate grounding system consisting of
a number of deep driven ground rods interconnected with insulated cables and insulated risers
are to be installed. This system will be totally isolated from the power equipment grounding grid
risers described above and will be located underground vertically below the electronic equipment
room.
16.5.5 Lightning Protection
Lightning protection shall be provided for the plant to protect the equipment and structures from
the damaging effects of lightning. The lightning protection design shall be coordinated with the
plant ground grid design to dissipate lightning caused surges and protect the plant electrical and
electronic equipment from hazardous overvoltages. The imposition of power frequency voltage
on the equipment by effect of lightning on energized high voltage systems shall be considered,
and effectively dealt with. Grounding design shall include a review of lightning protection
requirements to locate ground rods for dissipating lightning as close to protected structures as
possible.
16.5.6 Raceway Grounding
Metallic conduit shall be electrically continuous and connected to the grounding network.
Discontinuities, such as caused by non-metallic boxes, gaps in conduit, plastic conduit sections,
etc., shall be avoided by installation of copper cable bonded across such discontinuities. For
buried or submerged bonds, use insulated cable and tape connections with PVC electrical tape.
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Steel conduits terminating at steel panels shall be grounded to the panel by use of double
locknuts or grounding bushings.
Cable tray sections and fittings shall be connected together to ensure electrical continuity
throughout the cable tray system. Cable trays supported from the building steel shall be
considered effectively grounded. Otherwise, at intervals of 30m, the trays shall either be
bonded to the building steel, or ground conductors shall bond the tray system to the
building/station ground loops.
17.0 LIGHTING AND SMALL POWER SYSTEMS

The lighting system will provide illumination for plant operation under normal conditions, and
emergency lighting to perform manual operations during outage of the normal power source.
The area lighting system will provide illumination for the performance of general yard tasks, safe
ty, and plant security. The area lighting system will consist of HP sodium luminaries. Illumination
for exterior plant areas will be provided by HP sodium luminaries. Luminaries will be mounted o
n hot-
dipped galvanized steel poles. Additional area lighting fixtures will be mounted on equipment, bu
ildings, and structures.
In finished areas such as offices, fluorescent fixtures with energy efficient ballasts will be provid
ed. In process and shop areas HPS fixtures will be provided.
Lighting fixtures shall be suitable for the classification of the location where they are installed.
To minimize fixture types and simplify design, installation, and maintenance, standardized
fixtures shall be used where feasible.
Ballasts will be heavy duty, low loss, polyester filled type with copper windings.
Ballasts for Mercury/Sodium vapor lamps will be provided with suitable tapping to set the
voltage within the range specified.
Ballasts will be free from hum.
In multi-lamp fixtures, each lamp will be provided with an individual ballast.
Ballast windings will have maximum operating temperature of 120oC without rated temperature
rise marking.
Electronic Ballasts will be suitable for 220 V DC and also 240 V AC.
Electronic Ballasts will be compact, lightweight, high frequency electronic standard ballasts for
fluorescent lamps.
These ballasts will be Flicker-free warm starting, ideal for areas with high switching frequency.
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Electronic Ballasts will be of such design that a minimum of 25% reduction in energy
consumption at constant luminous flux compared with conventional gear.
Electronic Ballasts will not cause high harmonic distortion.
Electronic Ballasts will provide constant light independent of mains voltage.
The system provides lighting and electric power supply for lighting to main plant areas &
transformer yard extended up to 400KV switchyard fencing. under the scope of this package.
In addition, it also provides lighting to selected areas during plant emergency conditions.
The system will be installed in an adverse industrial environment. Equipment in some areas
will be subject to vibration, coal-dust, fly-ash, oil/water vapors as prevalent in a thermal
generating plant.
The design will be such as to provide minimum lighting levels as specified for different areas.
The systems will be suitable for operation on available power supply having characteristics as
given in the annexure.
All fittings of control room / office will be energy efficient type.
Equipment and accessories will be suitable for operation over the entire range of
voltage/frequency variations as listed below:
A.C. Supply: Voltage: +

_ 10%
Frequency: +
_ 5%
Combined Voltage + Frequency: 10% (absolute sum)
D.C. Supply: Voltage: -15%, +10%
17.1 System Concept

The lighting system will comprise following sub-systems:-
Normal A.C. Lighting
This will be provided by A.C. lighting fixtures distributed throughout the main plant area and
transformer yard extended up to the 400KV switchyard fencing. These lights will be ON as
long as the station A.C. supply is available.
A.C. lighting fixtures will be fed from respective area lighting panels, which in turn will be
connected to main lighting distribution boards (MLDB). The main lighting distribution boards will
be fed through respective 1:1 ratio lighting transformers, which form a part of the MLDB. Normal
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A.C. supply thus made available by the MLDB is 415V-3ph-4W-50HZ effectively grounded. Both
the MLDB and the lighting panels will be provided with at least 20% spare outlets.
NOTE Modules with lighting fixtures cables accessories for coal bunker area
lighting to be kept under the scope of main plant with necessary
reflection in transformer sizing calculation.
Emergency A.C. Lighting
a) On failure of normal A.C. Supply, emergency A.C. lighting will be provided in selected
areas of the powerhouse, boiler area, boiler galleries etc for general visibility, safe
movements and operation of important auxiliaries.
b) The emergency MLDBs (EMLDB) are similar to the MLDB except that lighting
transformers in this case are fed from station A.C. Emergency bus having D.G. System
backup. Thus power for A.C. emergency lighting is 415V-3ph-4W, 50HZ, effectively
grounded.
Emergency D.C. Lighting
a) This will be provided by D.C. lighting fixtures located strategically in critical operating
areas and emergency exits on CCR floors. Emergency DC lighting will be catered by
DC emergency lighting distribution (DCELDB) boards. These DCELDBs will feed the DC
emergency lighting fixtures directly and through a numbers of DC emergency lighting
panels (DCELP) located suitably in respective areas.
b) The DC Emergency Lighting Distribution Boards will be fed from two power sources,
namely -
i) Main Lighting Distribution Board (MLDB).
ii) 220V DC distribution boards (DCDB).
c) These lights will be ON all the time - normally from station A.C. Supply, but on its failure
from station D.C. supply through automatic switching.
Street/Area Lighting
Time switches will be used for controlling area lights with provision for manual override and also
have the provision of latest Energy Saving Systems.
Same arrangement will also be used for controlling, boiler gallery, ESP area, turbine floor (high
bay) area illumination.
17.2 Ratings & Requirements
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All equipment and accessories will be designed for continuous operation under site conditions
without exceeding permissible temperature rise as stipulated in relevant standards.
Switches, fuses, MCCBs, miniature circuit breakers (MCB), bus bars will be fully rated for the
short circuit level at the point of application.
All equipment and accessories will have proper enclosures to suit the site conditions.
Hazardous areas will have flame-proof enclosures.
All wiring from lighting panels to fixtures and receptacles will be carried out by PVC wires in G.I.
Conduits.
Heavy duty XLPE FRLS cables as per cable specification will be used for connections:
a) From main lighting board to area lighting panels
b) From street/area lighting panel to street light poles.
From 415V MCCs to receptacles of 63A and above.
The lighting system will be supplied from 415 V/415 V 5%, indoor, dry type lighting
transformers. However it will be so chosen to limit the fault level within 9kA.
Suitable number of Flood Lighting Towers / Lighting Masts with adequate HPSV Flood Light will
be provided for necessary outdoor areas as required.
Lighting of all main streets, approach roads to various buildings will be included.
Each lighting panel will be provided with adequate number of outgoing miniature circuit breaker for
controlling fixtures. 5A, 3Pin sockets will be fed from the lighting panel through separate circuits.
17.3 Method of Calculation
Standard Lumen method will be adopted for interior & exterior lighting in order to determine the
number of lighting fixtures for obtaining the desired average level of illumination.
The coefficient of utilization will be considered to take care of Lumen loss due to :
effect of room dimensions.
absorption of light in luminaires.
absorption of light at various room surfaces i.e. ceiling wall etc.
floor cavity, ceiling cavity.
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mounting height.
Moreover a maintenance factor will also be considered to account for the fall of illumination due
to aging, pollution like dust deposit etc. Maintenance factors to be considered for various areas
will be as follows :
Area Maintenance factor
Control Room 0.75
Switchgear/MCC Room 0.65
General indoor area 0.60
Dusty Area 0.55
Utilization factor
i) Dusty areas such as conveyor galleries / Tunnels, TPS / Crusher House etc. = 50
% ceiling, 30% wall, 10 % floor.
ii) Clear areas such as switchgear room/control room etc. = 70 % ceiling, 50 % wall,
10 % floor.
iii) Working plan = a) At conveyor walkway level; b) At Building floor level.
Lux levels to be considered for various areas are given in the Table below.
Voltage drop at the fixture from the MLDB bus will not exceed 3%.
Circuit loading of each lighting Panel will be done in such a way that almost balanced loading in
all the phases i.e. R, Y & B is achieved.
At least two sub circuits will be used for illumination of a particular area.
Sub circuit loading of each lighting panel will be restricted to 2000 Watts.
17.4 Illumination Levels and Fixture Types
Sr. Area/Structure Average Type of Fixture / Type of Lamp

No. Illumination Luminaire
Level in
Lux.
1.0 Turbine Generator Building :
1.1 General Auxiliary 100 Industrial Well 70W/150W
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Level in
Lux.
Equipment Areas Glass HPSV/125 W
HPMV Lamp
1.2 Cable Spreader Room 70 Industrial type T5 fluorescent
fluorescent lamp tube with
with vitreous electronic ballast
enamel reflectors or tri phosphorous
tube.
1.3 All Switchgear 200 Industrial type T5 fluorescent
Room Area fluorescent lamp tube with
tube.
1.4 TG Building Operating 200 Industrial Integral 250 W/400W
Floor high bay HPMV lamp
1.5 Main Control Rooms 300 Decorative T5 2 x 28W

recessed mounted FTL
with mirror optic
(Dark Lighter)
1.6 Battery Rooms 200 Industrial Corrosion 2 x 40W / 36W
proof luminaire. FTL.
1.7 Unloading and 250 Industrial integral 250 W / 400W
Maintenance bay high bay HPMV lamp
2.0 Boiler Area :
2.1 Boiler area and 100 Dust proof / dust 70 W HPSV/

platforms tight integral well 125W HPMV
glass luminaire lamp
2.2 Coal Bunker and 100 Dust proof / dust 1 x 80 W /125 W
Mill bay area tight integral well HPMV lamp
glass luminaire
2.3 ESP areas and 120 Dust proof / dust 70 W HPSV/
Platforms tight integral well 125W HPMV
glass luminaire lamp
2.4 ESP Control Room 300 Decorative 2 x 36 W / 40 W
recessed mounted FTL.
with mirror optic for
clean room areas
Sl.No. Area/Structure Average Type of Fixture / Type of Lamp

Illumination Luminaire
Level in
Lux.
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Level in
Lux.
3,0 Transformer Yard :
3.1 General 50 General purpose 250 W/400 W

flood light HPSV lamp
3.2 Near equipment 10 Dust proof / dust 1 x 70 W HPSV
tight integral well lamp
glass
4.0 Various Off-site Buildings :
4.1 Equipment Room / 200 Industrial type T5 fluorescent

Switchgear Rooms fluorescent lamp tube with
up to mounting tube.
height of 3.5M or 150 W HPSV or
Industrial medium 150 /250W
bay integral HPMV lamp
luminaire for
mounting heights
between 3.5 to 8 M.
4.2 Pump Houses 200 Industrial well glass 70 W HPSV/
125W HPMV
lamp
5.0 Cooling Water Pump House Area :
5.1 Cooling Tower Area 30 Industrial well glass 70 W HPSV/

125W HPMV
lamp
5.2 CW PH 200 Industrial medium 70 /150 W
bay integral HPSV
luminaire for cr 150 / 250 W
mounting heights HPMV lamp
between 3.5 to 8 M
6.0 Road & Yard Lighting:
6.1 Main Roads 25 Integral type street 1 x 150 W

Lighting luminaire HPSV lamp
with aluminum
reflector
6.2 Secondary Roads 10 -do- -do-
6.3 Perimeter 10 -do- -do-
(Compound)
Lighting
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Level in
Lux.
7.0 Service Building, Canteen, Annex. Building etc.
7.1 Main Office /Staff 300 Decorative recess T5 type 2 x 28W

Room mounted mirror FTL
optics
7.2 Non-Office /Service 300 Decorative recess / T5 fluorescent
Areas surface mounted/ tube with
Suspended type electronic ballast
mirror optics or tri phosphorous
tube.
8.0 General :
8.1 Corridors, 70 Industrial type T5 fluorescent

Walkways, fluorescent lamp tube with
Staircase, Lockers with vitreous electronic ballast
etc. enamel reflectors or tri phosphorous
tube.
8.2 Toilets, Wash Rooms, 70 Commercial T5 fluorescent
etc. channel mounted tube with
box type electronic ballast
or tri phosphorous
tube.
9.0 DC Light Fittings :
9.1 Control Room (with 50 Recess mounted 1 x 100 W GLS

false ceiling) Downlighter lamp
9.2 Other Areas ( without 20 Industrial bulk head 1 x 100 W GLS
false ceiling) lamp
* Medium bay fixtures will be used where the room height is 8 M. Otherwise high bay fixtures
are to be used.
Lux level for A.C. Emergency lighting in control room will be 50 and for other areas 20 lux.
Lux level for main road lighting will be 20 and for secondary road will be 10 lux.
17.5 Transformers for Lighting and Small Power Systems

Lighting transformers will be dry type, indoor type dusty vermin proof having 415V/415V 2 x
2.5% with off load tap-changer on primary side. The vector-group will be Dyn11. (The
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secondary side will be solidly grounded through an additional neutral bushing exclusively used
for grounding.)The casing of the transformer will be grounded at least at two (2) points.
RATINGS AND REQUIREMENTS OF LIGHTING TRANSFORMERS
Type: Cast Resin Dry Type
KVA rating: * KVA
Voltage rating: 415 V/415 V
Cooling: AN
P.U. Impedance: 0.04 +

_ 10%
Voltage control: Off load tap switch/link with change of +

_ 5% in step of 2.5%
tapping full capacity.
Vector Group: Dyn11
Class of Insulation: F (155C)
Maximum Temperature rise over

50C. ambient in winding
by resistance: 90C
Neutral: Solidly grounded.
The secondary neutral of the transformer will be brought out for getting a grounded 4wire supply.
Each transformer will be routine tested and one transformer will be type tested in accordance with
relevant standard.
The transformer will be mounted inside sheet steel enclosure, which will be an integral part of
Lighting Distribution Board.
Lighting Distribution Boards/panels will be metal-enclosed, cabinet type, fabricated from CRCA
sheet steel minimum 2 mm thick, suitable for either wall/column mounting on brackets or floor
mounting on channel sills.
Indoor Lighting Distribution Boards & Lighting Panels will be dust and vermin-proof, IP-42;
outdoor panels will be weather-proof with canopy, IP-55. The cubicle-housing transformer will
be minimum IP-42.
Bus bars will be electrolytic grade hard drawn aluminum, color coded for easy identification
and designed for a maximum temperature of 85C. Minimum size will be 25 x 6 mm.
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Each Distribution Board will consist of one dry type transformer, voltmeter with selector switch
and C.T. operated ammeter, both housed in the distribution board cubicle, and incoming triple
pole MCCB. Outgoing feeders from the Lighting Distribution Board will have MCCBs. Proper
discrimination between the outgoing MCCB of the Lighting Distribution Board and downstream
MCCBs of Lighting Panels shall be ensured.
The Board/Panel access door will be interlocked with the incoming MCCB such that the door
can be opened only when the MCCB is in the OFF position. Means shall be provided to defeat
this interlock.
All MCCBs will be single throw, air break, heavy duty type having quick-make quick-break
contacts. Fuses will be HRC link type. Contactors will be air break, electromagnetic type. Push
buttons will be push to actuate type.
MCBs will be suitable for manual closing and opening and shall also trip, automatically, on
overload and short circuit.
Time switches in street lighting panels will be clock switch type, with ON-OFF time setting
facility, which will ensure respective ON-OFF operation in every 24 Hour cycle.
Voltmeters/Ammeters will be of accuracy
class 2.0 or better as per IS:1248. Voltmeter/Ammeter selector switches will be of reputed
make.
17.6 Receptacles
Receptacles will be heavy duty, complete with individual plug and switch.
The conduit box of the receptacle will be provided with grounding screws with washer and nuts
welded on the surface for grounding with 16 SWG G.I. wire. Arrangement will be provided inside
the conduit box for grounding of a third pin.
Shrouded type plugs will be provided with corresponding matching arrangement at sockets to
prevent accidental contact with a finger during plug insertion.
18.0 CABLES AND WIRES
Cables will be generally laid on ladder type trays, perforated type cable trays or drawn through
rigid steel conduits.
For continuous operation at the specified rating, maximum conductor temperature will be limited to
the permissible value as per the relevant standard and/or this specification, whichever is more
stringent.
The insulation and sheath materials will be resistant to oil, acid and alkali, and will be tough
enough to withstand mechanical stresses during handling.
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HT power cable shall be 11000/11000V & 3800/6600V grade, 900 C continuous rating under
normal conditions and 2500 C rating under short circuit conditions, Stranded and compacted
aluminum conductor, heavy duty XLPE power cable, suitable for use in 11000V/3300V
non-effectively earthed system in line with IS-7098, IS-8130, IS-5831 & IS-3975, manufactured
by Triple Extrusion Dry Cured (CCV) process using pressurized nitrogen.
LT power cable shall be 1100 V grade, rated 90 C, continuous, under normal conditions and
250C under short circuit conditions, stranded and compacted plain aluminum, high conductivity
annealed plain copper for cable sizes up to 2.5 mm2, XLPE heavy duty, power cable, in line with
IS 7098 Part-I, IS 8130, IS 5831 and IS 3975.
Control cables will be 1100 V grade, 85 C continuous rating under normal conditions and
160C under short circuit conditions rating, stranded, non-compacted & circular, high conductivity
annealed plain copper, HRPVC Control cable (YWY), in line with IS:1554, IS:8130, IS:5831
and IS:3975.
Power cables used for direct burial shall be armored. Armoring will be single round wire of
galvanized steel for multi-core cables and aluminum for single core cables.
Core identification for multi-core cables will be provided by color coding.
18.1 Cable Sizing Criteria

HT and LT power cables will be selected on the basis of current carrying capacity, short circuit
rating and permissible voltage drop.
When sizing power cables, the following aspects will be considered:
i) Ground/Ambient Air temperature
ii) Depth of Laying.
iii) Power Cables touching each other.
Cables for circuit breaker controlled feeders will withstand short circuit current for a fault clearing
time. 0.2 sec.
For fuse protected circuits, the conductor size will depend upon the full load current subject to a
voltage drop limited to 3%, during running of all feeders, and 15 % during starting for feeders to
motors with rigid coupling. For motors with fluid coupling, the starting voltage drop can be
considered as 20%. In addition, transformer regulation will also be considered for loads fed from
415V PCCs.
For loads fed from local panels, the total running voltage drop in cables, from the 415V PCC to
the local panel and from the local panel to the individual motor, will be limited to 3% at full load
motor current, while the same time it will be limited during starting to 15%.
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As per the national electric code (NEC), current rating capacity of motor feeder/cables should be
125% of full load current.
For welding receptacles, 3% running drop will only be considered.
The minimum sizes of L.T cable to be chosen are as shown below:
AL - 16 mm2 (3 core) & 6 mm2 (2 core) Cu - 2.5 mm2
Apart from the above, consideration will also be given to limit cables to some standard sizes
instead of using too many types.
The standard cable sizes, amp capacities, de-rating factors. as given in IS/IEC will generally be
followed.
a) For breaker protected circuits, minimum size of the cable will be as follows:
1100V Power : 240 Sq mm XLPE
11000V & 3300 Power : 240 Sq mm XLPE
b) For motor circuits the selection of size will be made ensuring that the cable will withstand a
short circuit fault directly following a second hot start.
For fuse protected circuits, the conductor size will depend on the full load current subject to
voltage drop not exceeding 3%. For practical purposes, the minimum size chosen is as shown
below:
a) Aluminum: 16 Sq mm.
b) Copper : 2.5 Sq mm.
All control cables will be 2.5 Sq mm copper cables. Control & voltage circuit wiring shall be 1.5
sq. mm, while wiring for current circuits, viz. CT circuits, shall be 2.5 sq. mm
Multi-core control cables will generally have a spare conductor (s) in accordance with the following
chart:
Conductors required Cables
1 or 2 1-3/C
3 or 4 1-5/C
5 or 6 1-7/C
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7 or 8 1-9/C
9 or 10 1-12/C
Above 10 Two or more of above cables
Separate cables for each type of following services/functions, as applicable, will be used for each
feeder. The same multi-core cable, used for different services, will not be acceptable.
a) Power.
b) Control, interlock and indication.
c) Metering and measuring.
d) Alarm and annunciation.
e) C.T. Cables.
f) V.T. Cables.
Fire Survival Cables will be used for important auxiliaries / areas, as recommended by the
Standard Technical Specification by CEA, for the following:
i. DC emergency lube oil pump
ii. DC hydrogen seal pump
iii. Turbine lube oil pump/barring gear
iv. DC emergency lighting for main building and service building
v. DC cables for battery to charger & DC distribution boards
vi. Jacking oil pump
vii. Emergency turbine trip in control room
viii. Boiler Turbine : Generator inter trip which includes the interconnection
between
Boiler master fuel trip and turbine trip relays

Generator trip relays & turbine trip relays
Generator trip relays & generator breaker
Generator trip relays & field breaker
Generator trip relays & unit auxiliary transformer breaker
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Incomer cables for DG board, emergency board, DC lighting board

etc.
Cables which are routed through environmental conditions that differ along the cable run shall
be selected using the environmental condition that results in the largest cable size. An
exception to this shall be when the limiting condition exists for less than 2 m.
The full load current for feeder cables to motor control centers, power panels and similar
equipment shall typically be designed to equal the bus ampere rating of the equipment,
regardless of the actual load, in order to provide room for load growth up to the capacity of the
bus. Smaller cables may be used if it is determined that additional load growth is not expected.
18.2 Lighting and High Temperature Cables

Lighting Cable will be heavy duty, 1100 Volt grade, multi-core stranded aluminum conductor,
XLPE insulated, extruded PVC inner sheath conforming to IS 1554.
Lighting wires will be 1100 Volt grade, PVC insulated, stranded conductor, single core cable
conforming to IS 694, color coded as below :
RED for R-Phase BLACK for Neutral
YELLOW for Y-Phase WHITE for +'Ve D.C.
BLUE for B-Phase GREY for -'Ve D.C.
Wire sizes will be as follows:
For point wiring beyond lighting panel: 10 Sq. mm, Aluminum, stranded
(i.e. from lighting Panel to junction conductor
box (main run))
From Junction box to lighting fixture: 2.5 Sq. mm, Copper stranded
conductor
19.0 RACEWAYS
19.1 General
This section establishes the criteria for the design of raceway systems. The raceway system is
used to support and protect the electrical cables.
Underground ducts shall be used in outdoor areas and where obstructions by exposed
raceways must be avoided.
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Cable trays shall be used indoors and outdoors for multiple circuits sharing the same routing,
and where structural supports are usually readily available by means of building columns.
19.2 Conduits
All exposed conduit, except for indoor lighting and communications circuits, shall be rigid steel,
hot-dip galvanized inside and outside, in accordance with UL 6 and ANSI C80.1.
Conduits for structures pumping water, such as structures for circulating water pumps, shall be
PVC coated steel or rigid aluminum.
Conduits for lighting circuits and communications circuits in indoor areas shall be electrical
metallic tubing (EMT), galvanized outside for corrosion protection, and shall be furnished with
compression fittings. EMT shall not be used in any hazardous area, or where subject to physical
damage during and after installation.
Minimum conduit size shall be 3/4 inch except for lighting fixture stems which may be 1/2 inch,
and for embedded conduit which shall be minimum 1 inch.
Liquid-tight flexible conduits shall be used on all motor connections and all other connections
subject to vibration. Length of liquid-tight flexible conduit shall be limited to maximum of 1 m.
Cast fittings for aluminum and rigid galvanized steel conduit shall be of copper-free aluminum
alloy, corrosion resistant, with standard ANSI threaded connections. Fittings shall have
gasketed covers.
Fittings for flexible conduit shall be malleable iron, electro-galvanized. Such fittings shall adapt
the conduit to standard ANSI threaded connections and shall have an inside diameter not less
than that of the corresponding standard conduit size.
Pull boxes, junction boxes and terminal boxes for use in indoor locations shall be of steel in
accordance with UL 50, either hot-dip galvanized after fabrication in accordance with ASTM
A123, or rust-proofed after fabrication with one coat of zinc chromate primer and one coat of
enamel. Covers of pull and junction boxes shall be fastened with brass machine screws.
Covers of termination boxes shall be hinged and fastened with latches.
Pull boxes, junction boxes and terminal boxes for use in outdoor locations shall be of steel, hot-
dip galvanized after fabrication, or sheet steel epoxy coated inside and outside after fabrication,
with gasketed cover, mounting lugs, and conduit hubs.
Indoor or outdoor prefabricated pull boxes, junction boxes, and terminal boxes as manufactured
by Hoffman Engineering or Owner-approved equal, using manufacturers standard hardware,
and NEMA rated for the installation location shall be acceptable.
Pull sleeves shall be rigid steel, hot-dip galvanized after fabrication in accordance with ASTM
A123.
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There shall be a maximum of three 90 degree bends, or the equivalent thereof, in one conduit
run. Pull boxes or pull sleeves shall be used to stay within this requirement. On long conduit
runs, pull boxes or pull sleeves shall be installed in every 60 m or less of conduit run. Pull
boxes or pull sleeves shall be sized so that the cables being pulled are not subjected to a
smaller bending radius than that specified by the cable manufacturer for the type and size of
cable being pulled.
Straight runs of outdoor conduit over 30 m in length shall have expansion fittings if there
are no pull boxes.
Embedded conduits shall be run as directly as possible from point to point with a minimum of
crossing and bending.
"Low Level" instrumentation and signal circuit cables shall be installed in dedicated conduits or
trays as required.
19.3 Underground Ducts
The underground duct system shall consist of conduits or ducts encased in concrete envelopes
together with handholes and manholes, as required.
Ducts in any one duct bank may be of different sizes. The preferred duct size shall be 103 mm
in diameter. Minimum duct size shall be 53 mm.
The maximum number of ducts in a duct bank shall be limited to avoid congestion in manholes
and application of high de-rating factors. In the case of power cables, the effective loading
shall be in accordance with the latest standards.
Duct banks shall be assembled using nonmagnetic saddles, spacers and separators as
recommended by the duct manufacturer. Separators shall provide 76 mm minimum concrete
between the outer surfaces of the conduits.
Joints or couplings for the duct runs shall be of the same materials as the ducts.
Underground ducts which are less than 6 m in length between ends, and all elbows and risers,
shall be rigid galvanized steel conduit.
Ducts which pass under roadways or in areas subject to movement of heavy equipment shall be
reinforced concrete encased and structurally adequate for the loads imposed.
Galvanized steel conduit in any underground construction, whether as a single duct or in duct
banks, shall be encased in a minimum of 50 mm of concrete for protection against corrosion.
Ground cables shall be provided along with duct bank.
19.4 Cable Trays
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Cable trays for power cables, in general, shall be ladder type with 250 mm rung spacings with
width and depth as required. Raised covers shall be provided for power cable trays, where
required, to protect the cables, such as vertical runs above floors and trays under floor gratings.
Perforated type cable trays shall also be used for instrumentation and "low level" signal cables.
However, where spacing cannot be maintained to limit magnetic noise, shielding of the
instrumentation and low level signal trays shall be provided.
Hot dip galvanized, sheet metal solid tray covers shall be provided on all outdoor trays and on
indoor horizontal trays subjected to excessive coal dust, exposed to falling objects or subject to
the accumulation of debris. Tray covers will be installed on the front tray in vertical runs and on
the upper tray in the horizontal run. Solid covers shall be peaked as required to prevent
accumulation of water and debris on cable trays. Cable trays which run under floor gratings or
access platforms, or parallel to walkways, and in close proximity thereto, shall be provided with
covers. Trays under gratings and walkways shall have these covers extended approximately 3
m beyond the extremity of the walkway or grating. On multi-tier cable tray installations, the
foregoing requirement applies only to the top tray. Where power cable trays are required to be
continuously covered by solid covers for more than 2 m the covers shall be raised
approximately 50 mm to provide ventilation, or the cables shall be de-rated by a factor of 0.95.
Solid covers shall be provided on vertical tray risers to provide safety and protection to the
cables at floor levels. The covers shall extend approximately 2 m above the finished floor.
Separate cable trays shall be installed for the following cables, and if following the same routing,
from top to bottom as follows:
HT power level (11 kV, 3.3 kV top tray)
Low voltage power level (415 Volt ac, 240 volt ac and 220 volt dc)
Control level (240 volt ac, 220 volt dc, and below)
Instrumentation and "low-level" signal cables (bottom tray)
All cable trays shall meet the requirements of NEMA VE 1 or NEMA FG1, as applicable. Cable
tray design will be based on the loads to be carried, plus the dead weight of the tray system.
For this loading condition, the safety factor shall be 2.0, based on the ultimate capacity of the
tray as determined by load test in accordance with NEMA VE 1, Section 4 or NEMA FG1, as
applicable. In addition to and concurrent with the load mentioned above, the tray shall be
designed to withstand a concentrated load of 200 lbs. at the mid-span, at the center of the rung
or on either side rail. The safety factor for this load condition shall be at least 1.5, based on the
ultimate capacity of the tray or any of its components as determined by load test in accordance
with NEMA VE 1, Section 4 or NEMA FG1, as applicable.
Cable trays and fittings shall be the standardized products of a single manufacturer and
designed to permit easy assembly in the field. The parts shall consist of the manufacturer's
standard straight sections, crosses, tees, reducers, flat and riser elbows, as required, to suit the
layout. Couplings between the members shall be the manufacturer's standard. All fittings
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shall be designed and constructed so that (1) the assembled system shall be free of sharp
edges or projections on surfaces which contact the cables, and (2) the cables shall not be bent,
either during installation or in the final position, to radii less than allowable for each respective
size and type.
Cable trays shall be aluminum, steel or fiberglass. In highly corrosive areas such as the cooling
towers, and in areas where acid/alkali ingression is likely to occur, cable trays of glass fiber
reinforced plastic with fire retardant & corrosive resistance properties will be used" Steel cable
trays shall be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication. Bolts, nuts, and washers for all trays shall be
cadmium plated or electro galvanized. Electroplated or aluminized steel trays shall not be
used. Aluminum cable trays shall be manufactured of heat treated ASTM B221 6063
aluminum alloy for extruded parts and of ASTM B209 5052 alloy for parts fabricated from
sheets.
In general, trays shall be supported at 1.25 m horizontal and 1.0 m vertical maximum intervals.
Additional tray supports shall be provided at changes in tray direction as required. Supports for
cable tray straight runs and fittings shall be located such that the connector points fall between
the support and the quarter point of the tray span.
Minimum radius for tray bends and fittings shall be approximately (-10% tolerance) eight times
the diameter of the largest non-shielded cable, or approximately 12 times the diameter of the
largest shielded cable with -10% tolerance to be installed, whichever is the larger. Bending
radius shall never be less than cable manufacturers recommended minimum. The radius
selected shall be specific for all power, control and instrumentation trays to permit these
different classes of trays to be uniformly run in banks. Dropout fittings shall be provided where
required to maintain the minimum cable bending radius.
In general, the recommended minimum vertical spacing for cable trays shall be 300 mm. At
least 225 mm clearance shall be maintained between the top of a tray and beams and piping, to
facilitate installation of cables in the tray. Non-tray rated cable typically used for lighting system
wiring, communications wiring, welding lead cables, and fire detection wiring shall not be
installed in cable trays.
Fire stops of fire-retardant materials shall be used indoors at floor and wall penetrations of
enclosed areas with solid walls and floors to prevent passage of air from one area to another.
Fire stops are not required where cable trays pass from one area to another through grating
floors and walls. Normally, trays shall not be routed over areas of high fire hazard.
20.0 CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEM
20.1 Closed Circuit Television System

The Closed Circuit Television System (CCTV) with all equipment and accessories shall be
installed for the purpose of surveillance of major plant areas. Also, cameras shall be installed at
the Main Gate and other common auxiliary plants.
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The CCTV system shall meet the specific functional & design requirements towards collecting
live video information from the various areas of the plant and displaying that information at
monitors.
The system shall include a Digital Server based Video Manager, Camera unit, Optical fiber
network cables, Network hardware & all other required accessories including design /
engineering, testing, erection & commissioning etc. for complete functioning of the system.
The licensed version of all application and system software required for the system shall be
included.
System shall be of proven design in dust laden atmosphere and of reputed make.
The requirement for the minimum number of camera units and their tentative locations are listed
below. The CCTV system shall include industrially ruggedized high resolution color day/night
CCD cameras, motorized zoom lenses and PAN & TILT mechanisms integrated to a Digital
Video Management Server for video switching, control and recording functions.
LIST OF CAMERAS TO BE PROVIDED AT EACH UNIT
NO. OF
SL. ENCLOSURE
TYPE OF CAMERA LOCATION CAMERAS
NO. CLASS
PER UNIT
CCD camera (Dome
1. IP 54 TG Hall 01
Type)
2 CCD camera IP 54 TG Hall 02
3 CCD camera IP 54 Turbine oil room 01
4 CCD camera IP 54 Boiler Feed Pumps 03

Condensate Extraction
5 CCD camera IP 54 01
Pumps
Generator seal oil
system
7 CCD camera IP 54 Compressor room 01
8 CCD camera IP 54 Switchgear Room 01
9 CCD camera IP 65 Boiler Firing Floor 01

Boiler circulation water
pumps
11 CCD camera IP 65 Coal mill area 06
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NO. OF
SL. ENCLOSURE
TYPE OF CAMERA LOCATION CAMERAS
NO. CLASS
PER UNIT
12 CCD camera IP 65 Coal Feeder area 06
13 CCD camera IP 65 ID Fan 02
14 CCD camera IP 65 FD Fan 02
15 CCD camera IP 65 PA Fan 02

IP 54
16 CCD camera 01
AHP control room
IP 65
17 CCD camera Ash water pump house 01
18 CCD camera IP 65 Air heater area 01
19 CCD camera IP 65 ESP field area 02

Generator Transformer
Bay
To be decided during
detailed engineering
LIST OF CAMERAS TO BE PROVIDED AT COMMON PLANT AREA
TYPE OF CAMERA(DOME ENCLOSURE NO. OF

SL. NO. LOCATION
TYPE) CLASS CAMERAS
Ash slurry Pump
1. CCD camera IP 65 02
House area
2. CCD camera IP 65 CW Pumps 02
3. CCD camera IP 65 ACW Pumps 01
Fire Water Pump
House
Fuel oil Pressurizing
Pump House
Fuel oil unloading
bay
Fuel oil unloading
pump house
8. CCD camera IP 65 Fuel oil tank area 01
Unloading Bay of
Unit
10 CCD camera IP 65 Main entry gate 01
11 CCD camera IP 65 CHP area 08
12 CCD camera IP 65 Switchyard 01
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TYPE OF CAMERA(DOME ENCLOSURE NO. OF

SL. NO. LOCATION
TYPE) CLASS CAMERAS
12 CCD camera IP 65 DM plant 01
13 CCD camera IP 65 Chimney 01
14 CCD camera IP 65 Cooling Tower 01
15 IP 65 Train entry and exit 01
CCD camera
point
16 CCD camera IP 65 ETP plant 01
17 CCD camera IP 65 Cable gallery 05
18 CCD camera IP 54 CCR 02
19 IP 54 Control equipment 03
CCD camera
room
The CCTV system shall be powered from the UPS of both units.
The System shall be time synchronized with the GPS master clock.
19.2 Design and Technical Requirements
a) The CCTV system envisaged shall have a Primary Digital Video Server along
with Four (4) off Secondary Digital Video Servers, one for each unit and one for
common area. The prime application program shall reside at Primary Digital
Video Server and shall interface Secondary Digital Video Servers & Cameras
for video and audio switching and control of the system. The Primary Server
shall have the capability to add future secondary servers to support future
expansion.
b) 2 (two) 22 LCD monitoring stations shall be provided for monitoring of the

plant. The system elements shall be able to communicate on Ethernet network.
c) The System shall store alarm and event activated recording. Features shall be
provided only to capture most needed videos. It shall also have pre-recording
feature so that videos prior to the event occurring can also be stored. The
system operation shall cover the complete view of the areas by control of pan,
tilt & zoom of the cameras. Modification of the system parameters shall be
possible from any of the above stations.
d) The system shall have following minimum controlling capability:
PTZ control with Iris level control, pre-positioning control for at least 128
cameras.
Simultaneously record and play back input from up to 128 cameras.
Both manual and automatic mode control.
e) The system shall have capability not limited to the followings :
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It shall be possible to view live video from anywhere on the network,

including over wide area network connections, through firewalls & routers.
The live output from cameras shall be viewed through a series of displays.
Sequence view of camera preset position.
Modifying settings/ record settings for a camera
Adding and deleting camera from the system.
Creating schedules for recording an video motion detection
Video recording with features like Operator Activated Recordings, Alarm and
Event Activated Recordings, Scheduled Recordings (including 24hr
recording), Video Motion Detection & Recordings and Exporting of a
Recorded video into Microsoft Windows Media Format file.
Video Server shall have video recorder with sufficient disk space for on-line
video storage and access to archiving mechanisms for the removal of stored
video to off-line media. Event shall be stored in the recorder at least for 30
days. Recorder shall have date & time search and can playback of recorded
video.
Archiving of the recorded videos to archiving media like DVD.
Video features like Single camera viewing, Quad viewing and Sequence
viewing.
Pass word protected Security levels for the monitoring and control of
cameras to authorized users.
The system shall be completely compatible to be integrated into the Fire Alarm
System. When fire is detected by a particular detector the camera assigned
should automatically focus on to the site of the fire. For implementation of the
same, 24 nos. potential free input contacts per unit and 24 nos. potential free
input contacts for common plant area shall be provided for the Fire Detection
system interfacing with CCTV system panel.
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T10107 YR02 P0ZEN 140001 - Rev.0 - Electrical System Design Criteria

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FOR CONSTRUCTION

0 2010-07-15 HS JLV JLV For Construction

0 2010-07-15 General Revision For Construction

Doc. No.: T10107-YR02-P0ZEN-140001 2of 88

ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA

2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS 8

3.0 UTILITY INTERCONNECTION 8

5.0 ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 14

6.0 MAIN GENERATORS 15

7.0 GENERATOR ISOLATED PHASE BUS 16

8.0 MAIN TRANSFORMERS 19

9.0 SEGREGATED PHASE BUS DUCT AND HT SWITCHGEAR 29

10.0 LT PCC/MCC/PMCC/DB/FB/SVB/DC STARTERS 31

11.0 MOTOR CONTROL 36

12.0 DC POWER SYSTEM 37

13.0 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SYSTEM 39

14.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PROTECTION 41

16.0 GROUNDING SYSTEM 60

17.0 LIGHTING AND SMALL POWER SYSTEMS 67

18.0 CABLES AND WIRES 76

20.0 CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEM (CCTV) 84

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T10107-YB03-POZEN-140200 GT AND ST EHV TERMINAL POINTS

Doc. No.: T10107-YR02-P0ZEN-140001 4of 88

390 KV Lightning Arresters

All LT distribution transformers including lighting and welding

Neutral grounding resistors for Unit and Station transformers

11kV and 3.3kV HT switchgear, including BTS Panels and Synchronizing

Generator bus ducts along with pressurization system, HT phase

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Batteries, battery chargers, uninterrupted power supply (UPS) systems

AC and DC motors and motor actuators

Energy Management System

Load Flow, Motor Starting, Short Circuit and Relay Coordination

Calculation of Generator Transformer Sizing, Unit Transformer Sizing,

Complete grounding (under ground and over ground) and lightning

Fencing, gravel filling, grounding, grounding of transformer yard, separate

Electrical relay protection and metering system.

Fire stop mortar seal/fire retardant cabling system

Illumination system, which will include:

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Complete cabling including supply of HV and LV Power cables including

Cable schedule & interconnection charts including route charts , Bill of

Closed Circuit Television System (CCTV)

Plant Local Area Network (LAN)

1.2 System Voltages

The nominal voltages shall be:

Utility Interconnect 400 kV

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DC 220 V Safe DC voltage for essential

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

3.0 UTILITY INTERCONNECTION

3.1 General Description

3.2 Power Supply Variations

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3.3 Insulation Levels

The insulation levels for the utilitys 400 kV system are:

3.4 Fault Levels

3.5 Terminal Points

The project scope ends at:

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i) All foundations inside the transformer Yard including Jacking pads,

iii) Fencing, Gravel filling, Grounding, Grounding of Transformer Yard,