November 2014

TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION POWER

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Full Marks:
75
Answer to Question No: 1 is compulsory and to be answered first.
This answer is to be made in sedate loops script(s) p[provided for the
purpose.
Maximum tine allowed is 45 minutes, after which the loose answer script
will be collected and fresh
Answer scripts for answering the remaining part of the question will be
provided.
On early submission of answer scripts of Questions No: 1
A student will get the remaining script earlier.

Answer any five questions from Group A,B&C , taking at least one from
each group.

1. (A) Chose the correct answer from the given options in the brackets & fill in the blanks
(i) Suspension type insulator are used for voltage beyond _________(33KV/400KV/11KV).
(ii) The smaller the lagging reactive power drawn-by a circuit, the _______ its power factor,
(smaller/greater).
(iii) KVAR=______ tan (KW/KVA).
(iv) Maximum value of power factor can be______(1/0.5/0.9).
(v) With the increase in the values of voltages & power factor, the cost of transmission line
conductor ________(increase/unaffected/increase exponentially).
(vi) 220 KV transmission line, voltage is economical for a distance
of______(22km/100km/200km/400km).
(vii) In overhead transmission line, sag depend on __________(tension of the conductor/ conductor
material/tower height/all the 3).
(viii) 100% string efficiency means _______(self capacitance is 0/maximum/shunt capacitance is
maximum/shunt capacitance is0).
(ix) In a 33KV overhead line, there are three units in the string of insulators, the voltage across the
string is _________(33KV/11KV/KV/19.05).
(x) Bundle conductor arrangement reduces ________(power loss due to corona/radio interference
due to corona/line inductance /all the 3).
(xi) Main consideration in the design of a feeder is the _______(voltage drop/resistance/current
carrying capacity).
(xii) Chances of faults in the underground system are _______as compared to overhead system
(more/same/less).
(xiii) Underground substation are generally located in________(villages/thickly populated areas).
(xiv) If conductor diameter decreases, inductance of the line is ___________(increased/decreased).

B. State weather the following statements are true or false:

(a) An over excited synchronous motor on load is called synchronous condenser.
(b) By using guard ring, string efficiency is increased.
(c) Overhead system is more flexible than underground system.
(d) The economic transmission voltage depends upon the distance of transmission.
(e) The dc interconnector is used to increase the voltage drops in various section of the
distributor.
 (f) Insulators are so designed that they should fail only by puncture.
(g) Skin effect is less in stranded conductor than in solid conductor.
(h) Power loss in over head transmission line is mainly due to line conductor reactance.
(i) A booster is used to compensate the voltage drop in feeders.
(j) In short transmission lines, effects of inductance are neglected.
(k) The process of achieving uniform electrostatic stress in the dielectric of cable is called
grading of cables.
(l) Corona helps in avoiding
(m) For long distance transmission of power HVDC is cheaper than AC transmission.

Group- A
2. (a) State and explain Kelvins law for calculation of economical size of conductor.
(b) Estimate distance over which a load of 15000 kw at a power factor of 0.8 lag can
be delivered by a 3 phase transmission line having conductors each of resistance
1 per km. The voltage at the receiving end is to be 132 KV & the loss in
transmission line is to be 5%. 5+5
3. (a) State & explain insulator, string efficiency, guard ring?
(b) The three bus-bar conductors in an outdoor substation are supported by units
of post type insulators. Each unit consists of a stack of 3 pin type insulators fixed
one on the top of the other. The voltage across the lowest insulator is 11 KV and
that across the next unt is 10 KV. Find the bus-bar voltage.
4+6
4. (a) Compare between AC & DC system of power transmission?
(b) What is proximity effect? Why skin effect absent in DC System?
(c) Define string efficiency & its mathematical expression?
3+3+4
5. (a) Define corona and state factors influencing corona?
(b) The towers height 40 m and 60 m respectively support a transmission line
conductor at water crossing. The horizontal distance between the towers is 500 m.
If the tension in the conductor is 1500 kg, find the minimum clearance of the
conductor and water and clearance mid way between the supports. Weight of
conductor is 1.5 kg/m. Bases of the towers can be considered to be at water level.
4+6

Group-B
6. (a) What are the causes of low power factor? What are the disadvantages of low
power factor?
(b) A single phase a.c. generator supplies the following loads, (i) Lighting load of
20 kW at unity power factor, (ii) Induction motor load of 20 kW at 0.8 lagging. (iii)
Synchronous motor load of 100 kW 0.9 leading. Calculate the total kW and kVA
delivered by the generator and the power factor at which it working.
7. (a) What do you mean by XLPE cable? What are its advantages?
(b) What are the advantages of H.V. transmission? What is proximity effect?
5+5
8. (a) What are voltage regulation and transmission efficiency?
(b) A 3-phase, 50Hz, 18 km long overhead line supplies 1000 kW at 11kV, 0.8 p.f .
lagging. The line resistance is 0.02 per phase per km and line inductance is 0.7
mH per phase per km. Calculate the sending end voltage, voltage regulation and
efficiency of transmission.
Group-C
9 (a) Explain with a neat diagram Radial or Ring main system of AC distribution and
comment on the system you prefer giving proper reasons.
(b) Briefly discuss the regional grid system?
6+4
10. (a) What are the advantages of HVDC transmission?
(b) Advantages and disadvantages of outdoor substation?
5+5