2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)
Intelligent Transport System Using Integrated GPS
Optimized Reader
Mr. A. Kamaraj Ms. K. Radha
Asst. Prof., Department of Department of ECE, M.E VLSI
ECE Design
Mepco Schlenk Mepco Schlenk Engineering
Engineering College College
Sivakasi, India Sivakasi, India
kamarajvlsi@gmail.com radhadharshana@gmail.com
AbstractThe development of a semi-autonomous intimation
system to parents about the presence of their child in school or
college campus is the objective of this Project. If a student
bunked his/her class or abducted from school or college, their
parents might know that after 6pm only. Here we proposed a new
solution to send quick intimation to their parents about the
presence of students through school or college bus at 9.30am. By
this we can track the children and save them early if any mischief
is happening. For this we are using an RFID reader, GPS tracker
and GSM module along with an Arduino mega 2560 and its
software. RFID readers can read the RFID tags of the students.
GSM system is used to send their presence to their parents
through SMS. To achieve this, a passive or active tracking device
with GPS is used. Passive devices store GPS location, speed and
time. Once the vehicle returns to a predestined point, the device
is removed and the data downloaded to a computer for
evaluation. By this we can get arrival and departure locations of
the students. Active devices also collect the same information, but
usually transmit the data in near-real-time via cellular or satellite
networks to a computer or data center for evaluation. It is used
to track the location of a vehicle from organizing itself. This
electronic document is a live template and already defines the
components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet.
KeywordsArduino Mega 2560, GSM mobile network, GPS
tracking device, RFID reader, RFID tags.
I. INTRODUCTION
In our paper, the proposed system give a quick intimation
to parents about two major issues related to children and
adults. The First issue is abducted. In criminal law, kidnapping
or abducting is the taking away or transportation of a person
against that person's will. As of 2007, the title Kidnapping
capital of the World belongs to Iraq with possibly 1,500
foreigners kidnapped. In 2004, Mexico and India got first and
third positions respectively. The second issue is bunking off
school or college. Statistics published by the Department for
Education reveal that the truancy rate rose to 1.1 per cent in
2010-11.That means, about 62,000 youngsters in primary,
secondary and special schools missed sessions without
permission on a typical day last year, through truancy, family
332
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.002016 IEEE
Ms. M. Priyanka Ms. M. Punitha
Department of ECE, M.E VLSI Department of ECE, M.E
Design VLSI Design
Mepco Schlenk Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering
College College
Sivakasi, India Sivakasi, India
priyankamanimaran@gmail.com sahayapunitha@gmail.com
holidays, illness and other reasons, an analysis of the data
suggests. To reduce these two issues, the proposed system is
implemented.
II. MATERIALS
A. RFID Reader
RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification which is a
technology to electronically record the presence of an object
using radio signals. It is used for inventory control or timing
sporting events. RFID is not a replacement for the bar-coding,
but a complement for distant reading of codes. The technology
is used for automatically identifying a person, a package or an
item. There are two main components: The Interrogator (RFID
Reader) which transmits and receives the signal and the
Transponder (tag) that is attached to the object.
Communication between the RFID Reader and tags occurs
wirelessly and generally does not require a line of sight
between the devices. An RFID Reader can read through most
anything with the exception of conductive materials like water
and metal, but with modifications and positioning, even these
can be overcome. The RFID Reader emits a low-power radio
wave field which is used to power up the tag so as to pass on
any information that is contained on the chip. In addition, the
readers can be fitted with an additional interface that converts
the radio waves returned from the tag into a form that can then
be passed on to another system, like a computer or any
programmable logic controller. Fig. 1 shows the RFID Reader.
Fig. 1. RFID Reader
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)
B. RFID Tags
RFID tags are small transponders (combined radio receiver
and transmitter) that will transmit identity information over a
short distance. The block diagram of RFID module is shown in
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Block Diagram of RFID Module
The overall block diagram of passive and active tracking
device is shown in Fig. 3. An RFID tag is an object that can be
applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for
the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves.
Some tags can be read from several meters away and beyond
the line of sight of the reader. Most tags carry a plain text
inscription and a barcode as complement for direct reading and
for cases of any failure of radio frequency electronics.
Fig. 3. Block diagram of passive and active tracking devices
Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an
integrated circuit for storing and processing information,
modulating and de-modulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal,
and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for
receiving and transmitting the signal. There are generally two
types of RFID tags.
1) Passive RFID tags: Passive tags are generally smaller,
lighter and less expensive than those that are active and can be
applied to objects in harsh environments, are maintenance free
333
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.002016 IEEE
and will last for years. These transponders are only activated
when within the response range of an RFID Reader.
2) Active RFID Tags: Active tags differ in that they
incorporate their own power source, whereas the tag is a
transmitter rather than a reflector of radio frequency signals
which enables a broader range of functionality like
programmable and read/write capabilities. Fig. 4 shows the
RFID tag.
Fig. 4. RFID tag
C. GSM Modem
Global system for mobile communication (GSM), which
stands for Global System for Mobile communications, reigns
as the worlds most widely used cell phone technology. Cell
phones use a cell phone service carriers GSM network by
searching for cell phone towers in the nearby area. GSM is a
globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication.
Plug and play GSM modem with simple interface used for
serial interface and for sending messages. It can be controlled
by AT commands. It uses SIM300 for all its operations. One
of the key features of GSM is the Subscriber Identity Module,
commonly known as a SIM card. The SIM is a detachable
smart card containing the user's subscription information and a
phone book. This allows the user to retain his or her
information after switching handsets. Fig. 5 shows the GSM
SIM 300.
Fig. 5. GSM SIM 300
D. GPS Receiver
A vehicle tracking system combines the use of automatic
vehicle location in individual vehicles with software that
collects these fleet data for a comprehensive picture of a
vehicle location. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly
use GPS or GLONASS technology for locating the vehicle, but
other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps Fig. 7. SD Card Shield
via the Internet or specialized software. Urban public transit
authorities are an increasingly common user of vehicle tracking
III. METHODOLOGY
systems, particularly in large cities. GPS receiver receives
NMEA format and store this to an SD card. Once the vehicle The Proposed Methodology incorporates RFID reader,
reached the destination the data can be downloaded and GSM and GPS inside a school or college bus to give quick
processed. intimation to parents about the absence of their children. A
Radio Frequency Identification technology, which consists of
E. Arduino Mega 2560 two components, i.e. RFID tags and RFID reader facilitates
The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based automatic wireless identification using electronic passive and
on the ATmega 2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of active tags with suitable reader. Here it is used to record the
which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, presence of the students.
4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator,
a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. GSM system is used to send their presence to their parents
through SMS. Short Message Service is a text messaging
service component of phone, web or mobile communication
system. It uses standardized communication protocols to allow
fixed line or mobile phone devices to exchange short text
message. A passive or active tracking device with GPS is used
to hold GPS receiver with an SD card holder. This setup can
store GPS location, speed and time. Once the vehicle returns to
a predestined point, the device is removed and the data
downloaded to a computer for evaluation. By this we can get
Fig. 6. Arduino Mega 2560
arrival and departure locations of the students. Arduino mega
2560 is connected along with the GPS. The proposed system
The ATmega 2560 differs from all preceding boards in that
architecture is shown in Fig. 8.
it does not use the FTDI USB to serial driver chip. Instead, it
features the ATmega16U2 (ATmega8U2 in the revision 1 and
revision 2 boards) programmed as a USB to serial converter. It
has a resistor pulling the 8U2 HWB line to ground, making it
easier to put into DFU mode. It contains SDA, SCL pins that
are near to the AREF pin, two other new pins placed near to
the RESET pin and the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt
to the voltage provided from the board.
F. SD Card Shield
The communication between the microcontroller and the
SD card uses SPI, which takes place on digital pins 50, 51, and
52 (Arduino Mega). Additionally, another pin must be used to
select an SD card. This can be the hardware, SS pin - pin 53
(on the ATmega). Many functions can be done by an SD card
shield with Arduino listed.
Data logger: Log data from three analog sensors to
an SD card using an SD library.
DumpFile: Read a file from an SD card using the SD
library and send it over the serial port.
Fig. 8. Proposed System Architecture
Read/Write: Read and write data to and from a
file on an SD card.
Card Info: Get information about an SD card. A. Experimental Results
The proposed novel method is programmed by using
software called smslane. It can send an SMS from Excel sheet.
The performance of the circuit is evaluated on Students
Database.
Processing the results obtained from RFID reader with
Turbo c. The new document contains the detail of the student
with date, arrival and departure time of travel. Fig. 9 shows
the results obtained by the RFID reader.

334
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.002016 IEEE
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

Fig. 11. Final updated database

From the above database the person who are having one in
the last column or whose presence are registered at departure,
their parents got Your child reached safely SMS from
organization through Excel to SMS software. Fig. 12 shows
the Preview of the SMS.

Fig. 9. The results obtained by an RFID reader.

From passive tracking device, NMEA format is obtained

and stored on an SD card. Later it can be processed and
Fig. 12. Preview of the SMS
produced the latitude and longitude with time. Fig. 10 shows
the results obtained from Passive Tracking Device with GPS.
B. Real Time Implementation Setup
The real time implementation was done in a college bus
for demonstration purpose. The power supply to the Arduino
board was given by a 9V battery and a GPS receiver could get
a 5V supply from the Arduino board. The GPS module was set
in a separate box as shown in Fig. 13. And the antenna with
Magnet was attached at the top of the bus is shown in the Fig.
14.

Fig. 10. The results obtained from Passive Tracking Device with GPS

By integrating these two files an updated database is

formed with details of the student, arrival time and place and
Fig. 13. GPS module
departure time and place. Fig. 11 shows the Final updated
database.

335
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.002016 IEEE
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)
Fig. 14. Attachment of the Antenna at the top of the bus
The RFID module was placed in another box which needs
a 9V supply for Arduino and 12V supply of an RFID reader.
The 12V supply was given by the battery of the bus. 9V
supply was given by the battery. RFID setup is shown in Fig.
15.
Fig. 15. RFID reader setup
IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper presence of the students were maintained and
intimated to the parents. This is implemented by using RFID
as a proof of their presence, also the status of the Student
information about their presence sends by SMS via Excel to
SMS software. By using this if any mischief (i.e. Abducting,
bunking or accidents) is happening on the way to school or
college can be found early. Here we plan to implement this in
institution vehicle because of providing details about arrival
and departure place of the students. This information is used
for accounting purpose also. By implementing this at school
entrance, we can intimate the presence of every student. The
RFID Reader read the given data and transmitting the data to
Mobile. With the help of this proposed model, one can
easily monitor data from any remote location via SMS,
there is no need of direct contact, internet or any kind of
request send by the user as it is push based technique.
REFERENCES
[1] C.S.Karthikeyan, S.Murugeswari, Anytime anyplace-remote
monitoring of Students attendance based on RFID and GSM
network International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Journal, Volume 2,issue
12.
[2] V.Sivasankaran, S. Muruganand, Azha.Periasamy, Aadvanced
Embedded system Assisted GSM and RFID based smart School
management system International Journal of Advanced Research in
Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Journal, Vol
2, issue 7.
[3] Mohamed A.B, Abdel-Hamid A and Mohammed K.Y.,(2009),
Implementation of an improved secure system detection for E
passport by using EPC RFID tags, World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology Journal, Volume 6,pp1-5.
336
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.002016 IEEE
[4] Arulogun O. T., Olatunbosun, A., Fakolujo O. A., and Olaniyi, O.
M., RFID-based students attendance management system
International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research Journal,
Volume 7, Issue 2.
[5] M. R. Rieback, B. Crispo, and A. S. Tanenbaum, "The Evolution
of RFID Security"; PervasiveComputing, IEEE Volume 5, Issue 1,
Jan.- Mar. 2006..
[6] V. Subramanian, P. C. Chang, D. Huang, J. B. Lee, S. E. Molesa, D. R.
Redinger, and S. K.Volkman, "All-printed RFID Tags: Materials,
Devices, and Circuit Implications", VLSI Design, 2006
[7] P. F. Baude, D. A. Ender, T. W. Kelley, M. A. Haase, D. V.
Muyres, and S. D. Theiss, "Organic Semiconductor RFID
Transponders", Electron Devices Meeting, 2003
[8] V. Subramanian, P. C. Chang, D. Huang, J. B. Lee, S. E. Molesa, D. R.
Redinger, and S. K.Volkman, "Printed organic transistors for ultra-low-
cost RFID applications", IEEE Transactions OnComponents And
Packaging Technologies, 2005.
[9] T.S. Lim, S.C. Sim and M.M. Mansor, RFID Based Attendance
System 2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and
Applications (ISIEA 2009), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, October 4-6,
2009.
[10] Er. Zatin Singhal and Er. Ashish Gupta, RFID: unique
identification technique for attendance system IJREAS Volume 2,
Issue 2, ISSN: 2249-3905, February 2012.
[11] Francisco Silva, Vctor Filipe and Antnio Pereira, Automatic control
of students attendance in classrooms using RFID, IEEE, The Third
International Conference on Systems and Networks
Communications,978-0-7695-3371-1/08 $25.00, 2008.
[12] R.Ramani, S.Valarmathy, S. Selvaraju and P.Niranjan, Bank
Locker Security System based on RFID and GSM Technology
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887) Volume
57 No.18, November 2012.
[13] Rajan Patel, Nimisha Patel and Mona Gajjar, Online Students
Attendance Monitoring System in Classroom Using Radio
Frequency Identification Technology: A Proposed System
Framework International Journal of Emerging Technology and
Advanced Engineering, (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 2, February
2012).
[14] Sumita Nainan, Romin Parekh and Tanvi Shah, RFID
Technology Based Attendance Management System IJCSI International
Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 10, Issue 1, No 1, January
2013.
[15] Zatin Singhal and Rajneesh Kumar Gujral, Anytime Anywhere-
Remote Monitoring of Attendance System based on RFID using GSM
Network International Journal of Computer Applications (0975
8887) Volume 39 No.3, February 2012.
[16] Ankita Agrawal and Ashish Bansal, Online Attendance
Management System Using RFID with Object Counter International
Journal of Information and Computation Technology, ISSN 0974-2239
Volume 3,
[17] International Research Publications House, Number 3 (2013), pp.
131-138.
[18] Zhang Yuru, Chen Delong and Tan Liping, The Research and
Application of College Student Attendance System based on RFID
Technology International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.
6, No. 2, April, 2013.