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Famous Jews and Famous

Jewish People
There are many stereotypes of Jewish people.
Some stereotypes are good and some are bad.
The pervading characteristics that always seem
to stand out in Jewish people are their
intelligence and creativity. One measure of the
success of the Jews is the fame that some
members of this ethnic group have acquired in
religion, finances, science, and the arts. "Fame"
is a widespread popular recognition of the
achievements of a person that transcend cultural
barriers.

Who is a Jew? Jews originated in the Land of

Israel, where they developed a monotheistic
religion called Judaism. Traditionally, Jewishness
passes from mother to child, but it can also be
based on the practice of Judaism as a faith, or
by the practice of Jewish customs and traditions.
Sometimes the term "Hebrews" is used to
distinguish the Jews that lived before the birth of
Jesus from Jews that lived afterward. Several
times in the history of the world, it has been
mortally dangerous to be Jewish, and many
Jews hid their faith and ancestry to survive
persecution. Two such periods were from the
15th to the 18th century during the Spanish
Inquisition, and in 1938-1945 during the Nazi
Holocaust of World War II. People who speak
semitic languages, such as Arabic or Hebrew,
are classified as Semites. The term
"antisemitism" is used principally to characterize
hostility or prejudice against Jews. The modern
Hebrew language spoken in Israel today is an
adaptation of the ancient language of the Torah
with many neologisms of European and Arabic
origin.

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The Story of Secret Jews

Marranos, Conversos, Anussim
Crypto Jews and New Christians
www.jackwhite.net/iberia

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The Hebrew Alphabet

These are the most well-known Jewish holidays:

• Rosh Hashanah is commonly known as the

Jewish New Year.
• Yom Kippur is a day of Atonement. A day
set aside for fasting, depriving oneself of
pleasures, and repenting from the sins of
the previous year.
• Chanukkah is called the festival of lights
which is celebrated by gift-giving and
decorations.
• Pesach (Passover) is an observance
related to the exodus from Egypt after
generations of slavery. This story is told in
Exodus, Ch. 1-15.

Abraham (Prophet Ibrahim)

Abraham is thought to have
lived around 1500 BC. He is
considered the father of
monotheism and a role model
for his rejection of idol worship.
Abraham is regarded as the
founding patriarch of the
Israelites whom God chose to
bless. He was the principal
Biblical patriarch, and he is a The Kaaba
central figure in Judaism, in Mecca
Christianity, and Islam which
are sometimes referred to as the "Abrahamic
religions" because Abraham is in their holy
books and plays a role in their beliefs. In Islam,
Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) is the friend of Allah
and the father of the Prophets Ismail (Ishmael)
and Ishaq (Isaac); he is also one of the
ancestors of the Prophet Muhammad. Each year,
about two million Muslims journey to Mecca in a
spiritual pilgrimage known as the Hajj to
perform religious rituals around the Kaaba which
is said to be the first shrine built by Abraham.

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The children of Abraham mentioned in the Old

Testament of the Bible are: Ishmael whose
mother Hagar was an Egyptian handmaid
(Genesis 16:15), Isaac from Abraham's first
wife Sarah (Genesis 21:3), and another six
children: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian,
Ishbak, and Shuah from Abraham's second
wife Keturah (Genesis 25:1-2).

Moses
Moses was born
approximately in 1391 BC
and he died in 1271 BC. He
is recognized as the leader
who brought the Israelites
out of slavery in Egypt and
provided them with a code of
conduct known as the Ten
Commandments. The
commandments are a list of
religious and moral rules Charlton Heston
which, according to religious as Moses
tradition, were written by God and given to
Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of two stone
tablets. They feature prominently in Judaism,
Christianity and Islam. The Ten Commandments
are listed in two books of the Bible: Exodus 20:2
-17 and Deuteronomy 5:6-21.

Moses asked the Israelites to celebrate their

freedom from Egypt every year during Passover
by eating unleavened bread (Exodus 12:17-19).

Jesus of Nazareth
Jesus was a Jewish teacher
who used parables to
illustrate important ethical
ideas. The main sources of
information regarding Jesus'
life are the Gospels of the
New Testament by
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and
John. Jesus is the central
figure of Christianity. He is The Head of Christ
commonly referred to as by Warner Sallman
Jesus Christ, where "Christ"
is a Greek title meaning "Anointed One"
corresponding to the Hebrew "Messiah". Our
modern calendar is based on the date of birth of
Jesus. "AD" or Anno Domini defines an epoch
starting with the birth of Jesus, whereas "BC"
refers to the era Before Christ. Christmas is

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the Christian holiday commemorating the birth

of Jesus.

Churches founded on the belief that Jesus is the

Messiah promised in the Old Testament include
the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Baptist,
Methodist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, Protestant,
Pentecostal, Episcopalian, Anglican, and Mormon
churches. There are hundreds of different
Christian denominations.

Baruch Spinoza (November 24, 1632 -

February 21, 1677)
Baruch Spinoza was born in
Amsterdam, Holland in a
community of Portuguese
Jews of Sephardic Jewish
descent. He worked as a lens
grinder and produced lenses
for telescopes that were
some of the most important
scientific instruments of that
era. His writings on
rationalism, many of which were published
posthumously, reveal substantial mathematical
training. Spinoza's most influential work was his
Ethics, a work that established him as one of
the great rationalists of 17th-century
philosophy. He is recognized as a founder of
modern biblical criticism, and as having laid the
groundwork for the 18th century Enlightenment.
Spinoza was critical of the Talmud and took
positions contrary to normative Jewish belief. In
1656 he was excommunicated from the Jewish
community for his unorthodox conception of
God.

Albert Einstein (March 14,

1879 - April 18, 1955)
Albert Einstein was a German
-born scientist who made
significant advances in
theoretical physics, quantum
theory, and statistical
mechanics. Einstein's Special
Theory of Relativity
challenged the concepts
about space and time that
had been established over two centuries earlier
by Isaac Newton. He is most famous for his
formulation of the special and general theories
of relativity, specifically for his formula of the
relationship between mass and energy:
2
E = mc

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Einstein was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for

Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric
effect in 1905 where he showed that light
behaves like particles. These units of
electromagnetic radiation are now called
photons.

Marc Chagall (July 7, 1887

- March 28, 1985) was a
Jewish painter born in
Vitebsk, Belarus. He was the
oldest of nine children.
Chagal started studying
painting in 1906 and moved
to St. Petersburg one year
later. He lived for a few
years in Paris in order to be
The Praying Jew
near the art community of by Marc Chagall
the Montparnasse district,
but returned to Vitebsk in 1914. After the
Russian revolution, he moved to Moscow in 1920
and back to Paris in 1923 where he became a
French citizen. The memories of his Jewish
upbringing and Biblical themes reflecting his
Jewish heritage are portrayed in many of his
paintings. He is associated with the modern
movements after impressionism. Chagall died at
the age of 97 in Saint-Paul de Vence, France.

Leonard Bernstein (August

25, 1918 - October 14, 1990)
Leonard Bernstein was born
in Lawrence, Massachusetts,
in 1918 from Russian Jewish
parents. After graduation
from Boston Latin School in
1934, Bernstein studied
music at Harvard University.
He had a very distinguished
career as a conductor,
composer, music lecturer and
pianist. In 1957, Bernstein was named Music
Director of the New York Philharmonic and he
gained notoriety for conducting concerts with
many of the world's leading orchestras.
Bernstein received several Emmy awards,
including one for his 1971 performance of
Beethoven's Birthday: A Celebration in Vienna
which was televised on CBS. He wrote three
symphonies, two operas, and five musicals,
including West Side Story. The original 1957
Broadway production of West Side Story ran for
732 performances and was made into a movie.

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West Side Story is a 1950s musical adaptation of

Romeo and Juliet where Americans and Puerto
Ricans living in Manhattan's West Side take the
place of the Montagues and Capulets of the
Shakespearean tragedy.

Alan Greenspan (March 6,

1926 -)
Alan Greenspan was born in
New York City from
Hungarian Jewish parents.
He studied clarinet at The
Juilliard School and later
played the saxophone with
Stan Getz. Greenspan then
studied economics at New
York University (NYU) and
eventually became the
Chairman of the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve of the United States from 1987
to 2006.

As chief economist, Greenspan was famous for

giving speeches that had complex sentence
structures and were hard to understand due to
their technical content. Greenspan's views on
the economy were highly regarded by Wall
Street, and the markets often reacted to his
speeches. In 1996, Federal Reserve Board
Chairman Alan Greenspan asked "Clearly,
sustained low inflation implies less uncertainty
about the future, and lower risk premiums imply
higher prices of stocks and other earning assets.
We can see that in the inverse relationship
exhibited by price/earnings ratios and the rate of
inflation in the past. But how do we know when
irrational exuberance has unduly escalated
asset values, which then become subject to
unexpected and prolonged contractions as they
have in Japan over the past decade?". The
Internet bubble which had sparked Greenspan's
concern finally burst in January 2000 and
Internet and tech stocks prices continued to
drop for over two years.

Woody Allen
(December 1, 1935 - )
Allen Stewart
Konigsberg, aka Woody
Allen, got his nickname
"Woody" because he
played the clarinet which
is a woodwind

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instrument. He has won

many awards as a film
director, writer, actor,
musician, and comedian.
Allen has directed and
has acted in the majority
of his movies. Allen
derives his inspiration
from literature,
philosophy, psychology,
and New York City, where he has lived all his
life.

His initial film was "What's New, Pussycat?",

starring Peter Sellers in 1965. Woody Allen has
had 14 Academy Award nominations for best
screenplay and six nominations for best director.
He won the Academy Award in 1977 for "Annie
Hall", and in 1986 for "Hannah and Her Sisters".

Julio Iglesias (September

23, 1943 - )
Julio Iglesias was born in
Madrid, Spain. His father
was a prominent
gynecologist, and his
mother, María del Rosario
de la Cueva y Perignat, was
of Jewish origin. As a young
man, Julio Iglesias was very
athletic and earned a position as goalkeeper in
the Real Madrid soccer team while he studied
law. At the age of 20, Julio was involved in a
traffic accident that left him partially paralyzed
for about two years. Julio started writing poetry
during his rehabilitation and he accompanied his
poems by playing a guitar that he received as a
gift.

After his recovery, Julio brought one of his

compositions to a music publisher who
convinced him to sing the song himself. Julio
won the international competition in Benidorm
and his success led to a contract with Columbia
Records. As Julio's notoriety increased, he
started singing in other languages. He was
honored by the Guinness Book of World Records
for selling the most records in different
languages than any other music artist in history.
Those languages include Spanish, German,
French, Portuguese, Italian and Japanese.

Countries with Largest Jewish Populations

(2007)

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% of World
Rank Country Jews Jewish
Population
1 Israel 5,313,800 40.6%
United
2 5,275,000 40.3%
States
3 France 491,500 3.8%
4 Canada 373,500 2.9%
United
5 297,000 2.3%
Kingdom
6 Russia 228,000 1.7%
7 Argentina 184,500 1.4%
8 Germany 118,000 0.9%
9 Australia 103,000 0.8%
10 Brazil 96,500 0.7%

Brief Glossary of Jewish terms:

• Sephardi Jews - descendants of Jews

expelled from Spain or Portugal at the
start of the Spanish Inquisition in 1492.
Sephardic Jews are also called Sephardim.
The word Sephardim is derived from the
word "Sepharad" which is the Hebrew
word for "Spain".
• Ashkenazi Jews - descendants from the
medieval Jewish communities of the
Rhineland, the land on both sides of the
Rhine river in Germany.
• Hasidic Judaism, Reform Judaism, and
Orthodox Judaism refer to specific
religious traditions and ways of practicing
Judaism.
• Zionism is an international political
movement that supports a homeland for
the Jewish People in the Land of Israel.

The title of the traditional Hebrew folk song

Hava Nagila means "Let us rejoice". This song
is the international stereotype of Jewish music
and is played at Jewish weddings, parties, and
festive occasions.

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Dutch violinist and conductor André Rieu

Royal Albert Hall, London, England

World War 2 Jewish Holocaust

It is estimated that 5,933,900 Jews perished
during World War 2 as a consequence of Hitler's
final solution. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and
Poland lost 90 percent of their Jewish population
or about 3,228,000 people. The following table
lists the approximate number of Jews who died
during World War 2 by country.

Poland 3,000,000
Hungary 450,000
Romania 300,000
Russia 107,000
Netherlands 105,000
France 90,000

Jewish Actors and Actresses:

Alicia Silverstone -- Actress - Clueless, The
Crush, The Babysitter, Batman
Barbara Streisand -- Singer and actress winner
of two Oscars, four Emmys, nine Golden Globes,
and other awards.
Mandy Patinkin -- Emmy & Tony award-winning
actor, 'Dr Jeffrey Geiger' on TV's Chicago Hope
Harrison Ford -- Actor: 'Raiders of the Lost Ark',
'Star Wars', ' American Graffiti', 'Witness', 'The

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Fugitive'
Gwyneth Paltrow -- Oscar winner
William Shatner -- Captain James T. Kirk on the
original 'Star Trek'
Natalie Portman -- Actress, Queen Amidala in
Star Wars: The Phantom Menace
Al Jolson -- famous entertainer. Starred in the
first talking movie
Winona Ryder -- Star of films like Heathers, Girl
Interrupted, Little Women, Beetlejuice
Noah Wyle -- Actor, 'Dr John Carter' on TV's ER
Michael Landon -- Little Joe Cartwright on
Bonanza
Mark Frankel -- Actor in 'Sisters' and 'Fortune
Hunter'
Sarah Jessica Parker -- Acress in 'Sex and the
City', 'LA Story'
Seth Green -- television actor, Buffy, the
Vampire Slayer, Family Guy.
Robert Downey, Jr. -- actor in 'Less Than Zero,'
'Chaplin,' 'Short Cuts.'
Paul Newman -- Academy Award winning actor
and philanthropist
Cary Grant -- (maybe Jewish, maybe not)
Classical good looks and humor

Musicians:
Itzhak Perlman -- Grammy-winning Violin soloist
Max Weinberg -- Drummer for Springstein and
musical director for Conan O'Brien
Isaac Stern -- Violin virtuoso
George Gershwin -- American composer of many
vocal and theatrical works written in
collaboration with his older brother, lyricist Ira
Gershwin.
Jascha Heifetz -- Violinist
Yehudi Menuhin -- Violinist
Herb Alpert -- Leader and trumpeter of Tijuana
Brass
Stan Getz -- Jazz Tenor Sax player most famous
for The Girl from Ipanema
Julio Iglesias -- Internationally famous Spanish
singer. Holds Guinness world record for the most
albums sold in the most languages.

Scientists:
Albert Einstein -- One of the most famous and
influential scientists since Isaac Newton
Carl Sagan -- astronomer and popular science
author; made book and TV series 'Cosmos'
Niels Bohr -- Nobel prize-winning Physicist:
atomic structure
Roald Hoffmann -- Nobel prize winner in
Chemistry: field of electronic structures
Fritz Haber -- winner of the Nobel Prize of
Chemistry in 1918, for the synthesis of ammonia

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from its elements

Edward Teller -- Physicist, father of the
hydrogen bomb
Leo Szilard -- Physicist, proved the possibility of
a nuclear chain reaction in 1933.
Jonas Salk -- Developed the first polio vaccine.

Business Professionals:
Milton Hershey -- Hershey's Chocolate founder
Michael Dell -- Founder of Dell Computer
Larry Ellison -- Founder and CEO of Oracle
Alan Greenspan -- Federal Reserve Chairman
under Reagan, Bush, Clinton, Bush
Steve Ballmer -- CEO of Microsoft and the
richest Jew in the world
Sir James Goldsmith -- financier and banker who
amongst others has taken over Goodyear.
George Soros -- millionaire philanthropist who
has donated millions to aid Eastern Europe.
Bernard Madoff -- American financier convicted
of operating a Ponzi scheme that resulted in the
largest investor fraud ever committed by a
single person.

Fashion designers:
Calvin Klein -- Famous Clothes Designer
Ralph Lauren -- (Ralph Lipshitz) world famous
fashion designer
Levi Strauss -- Inventor of Blue Jeans
Kenneth Cole -- Fashion Designer who's married
to Mario Cuomo's daughter

Comedians:
Jerry Lewis -- A comedian
who teamed up with Dean
Martin
Marcel Marceau -- The most
famous mime in history
Jerry Seinfeld -- Stand up
comedian, TV show Seinfeld, The Marx Brothers
American Express Encyclopedia
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Sarah Silverman -- American Best Price $31.50
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The Marx Brothers -- An
American family comedy act with Chico, Harpo,
and Groucho.
Milton Berle -- Comedian who pioneered
comedy/variety on television
Jack Benny -- Reknowned radio and TV comic

Directors and producers:

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Steven Spielberg -- Director of films such as

Saving Private Ryan & Schindler's List, Jurassic
Park, E.T.,
Stanley Kubrick -- Director of 2001: A Space
Odyssey, Clockwork Orange, The Shining, Full
Metal Jacket, Spartacus
Mel Brooks -- Film director, producer, actor:
Blazing Saddles, Young Frankenstein
Woody Allen -- Film Maker/Actor: Annie Hall,
Bullets Over Broadway, Mighty Aphrodite, Antz
Roman Polanski -- Director, screenwriter, actor:
Rosemary's Baby, Macbeth, Chinatown, Tess
Ben Stiller -- Director/Actor: Seinfeld, SNL,
Reality Bites, Something About Mary, The Cable
Guy
Aaron Spelling -- Produced Beverly Hills 90210,
Melrose Place...
Oliver Stone -- Popular Director: The Doors,
J.F.K., Heaven And Earth, Natural Born Killers

Artists:
Frida Kahlo -- Mexican artist famous for vivid,
surrealist self-portraits. Married to Diego Rivera.
Marc Chagall -- Painter, designer and graphic
artist
Modigliani -- Artist whose elongated faces are
reminiscent of African masks
Camille Pissarro -- Father of Impressionism

Politicians:
Golda Mabovitch (Golda Myerson, Golda Meir) -
the fourth prime minister of the State of Israel.

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