Capstone

Ready, Set, H20!
Central Question: How does the lack of clean water

impact developing countries and what are the possible
solutions?
Meredith Culhane
Biology Pathway
Advisor: Ms. Gosselin

Table of Contents:
Step 2: Selection of Theme/ Focus
Step 3: Capstone Proposal
Step 4: Central Question
Step 5: Research and Creating
Quarter 1 Journal Entries (4)
Step 6: Synthesis Paper
Step 7: Selection of Presentation Method
Quarter 2 Journal Entries (4)
Annotated Bibliography
Step 2:
Selection of Topic
What is your career pathway?
Biology
What electives do you plan to take in your

career pathway? (Please list all of your
related electives.)
AP Biology
AP Chemistry
AP Psychology
Your capstone should take one of the topics that are common to your pathway electives and
build a real world project out of that topic. Which topic will you select for your capstone?
For my capstone I will be creating a project that educates our community on the
effects a contaminated water source has on developing countries. We will then
attempt to raise money so that we can sponsor a water project where they build
water purification systems in developing countries in order to improve the
standard of living.
How will your chosen electives help you create a project about this theme? (Be specific
about each elective.)
AP Biology will help with my understanding of the effects contaminated water
has on populations and how they can be corrected. It will also somewhat help
me understand how the human body works and how the diseases cause by the
contaminated water affect people.
AP Chemistry will help me in understanding the water purification process.
AP Psychology will help me with presenting my project as we learn a lot about
body language and how to read the people we are talking to. This understanding
will help me communicate more effectively with my audience.
Are you willing to work in a group? Yes
Do you already have a group? Yes, If so list the names of the people in your group along
with their pathway
Ciara Duggan, Medical pathway.

Step 3:
Capstone Proposal
Meredith Culhane
Mrs. Gosselin
Biology
My project idea focuses on a topic related to my career pathway. It will sustain my interest
and I will be able to complete the required research on this topic. It offers an aspect of new
learning and growth for me as I incorporate the 7 core skills. I understand that my project
must have audio/visual evidence and that I will give a presentation of my work at the
capstone fair in March.
1. My Project Title: (Think of a good title. This is how you project will be identified at
the fair)
Ready, Set, H20
2. My goal (s) for this project: (Make sure these have a real world application)
My goal for this project: My goal for this project is to educate our community
on the issues that others experience due to lack of proper water sources and to
participate in the movement attempting to solve this issue. I will do my part in
correcting this social problem by fundraising and donate this money to charity:
water that will ultimately lead to the construction of a water sanitization
system in a community that has no clean water source.
3. My strategy to accomplish the project:
My strategy to accomplish this project is to create a campaign with charity:
water and begin to make our community aware of the issues that many
communities face due to unsanitary water through fundraising opportunities.
Together Ciara and I are going to attempt to raise around one thousand dollars
so we can either co- sponsor or completely sponsor the construction of a water
sanitization system in a developing country constructed by charity: water.
4. My real world application
My real world application: The real world application of our project is starting
a campaign with charity: water. We will donate the money we raised in order
to fund the production of water sanitization systems in countries where there is
no clean water supply. Our real world application will also consist of a water
filter that goes on the top of a water bottle. The cap will be created using a 3D
printer and an STL file on the web sight instructables.
5. For my capstone presentation, I plan to use the following visuals, technology and/or
materials:
Check any that apply
__x__ Picture ____ Website ____ Pamphlets
__x_ Video ____ Prezi ____ Business Cards
_x___ PowerPoint __x__ Charts ____ Handouts
__x__ Other. Please specify.
A water filter
6. If you are planning on working in a group, you must list the names of your group
members and their pathways below. The last date to change your group is October
26th. Reminder that all students are individually responsible for each component of the
project.
First Name Last Name Pathway
Meredith Culhane Biology
Ciara Duggan Medical Pathway
7. I acknowledge that I will focus my project on the use of the following 7 core skills:
written and oral communication, strategic reading, research, problem-solving,
collaboration and technology. Please check box for acknowledgement. x
Student Signature Meredith Culhane Date

Parent Signature Date
Michael Culhane
For Advisor
Step 4:
Exploratory Research
What Is Your Working Central Question?
Introduction: The first step in developing your capstone topic is to identify a working
central question. Since your capstone project requires that you answer a central question, you
should try to select a question that interests and that you feel passionate about. Your central
question will be the focus of your research. You should start with a general question that
requires more than just a yes/no answer. You will be required to do preliminary research
based on your central question. During this step, you must submit your question along with a
list of sources to your advisors before your capstone project can be officially approved. Your
central question does not need to be super complex but it does need to be researchable,
related to your career pathway, and readily useable for a capstone project which could be
visually presented and that demonstrates the depth of the core 21st century skills you have
learned during your years here at Weymouth High.
Central Question Examples:

Example 1: A student in the Math Academy might concentrate on data analysis.
Central question: How can data analysis be used to calculate the effects of
pollution on the weather in New England?
Example 2: A student in the Humanities Academy might concentrate on teaching.

Central Question: How can lessons that involve hands-on learning more
effectively help young children learn?
My central question is:
How does the lack of clean water impact developing countries and what are possible
solutions?
Central Question Check List.

The Central Question addresses a theme from your academy.
The Central Question requires more than a yes/no answer.
The Central Question can be expressed as a capstone project which will
demonstrate the depth of learned 21st Century skills by the student or students.
You have read 5 sources about your central question.
You have included with this step an annotated bibliography for at least 5 sources
you have read. Citations should be in MLA style and annotations should provide a
summary, evaluation, and application of the information in the source. (See page 15
for guidance.)
The Central Question submission includes a preliminary description of how the
student/students plan to address the capstone project which will answer your
central question.
Place your description of how your capstone will answer the central question here.
My capstone will answer the central question by describing the social and economic impact
the lack of sustainable clean water sources will have on developing countries. Also my
answer will include information about different types of sanitization systems, and how these
sanitization systems work. Lastly my answer will include how we as people in
Massachusetts can do our part in helping people all around the work gain access to a
sustainable water source.
The Central Question submission includes a discussion of who will benefit most
from this project (e.g. fields of study, professionals, community).
Place your discussion of the impact of your capstone here.
The people that will benefit the most from my capstone are those in sub- Saharan Africa that
have limited access to a clean water source. With my capstone my partner and I will attempt
to raise as much money as we can and donate it to charity: water which will then work on
providing the people in the rural areas of Africa with a sustainable clean water source which
in return will hopefully improve the social and economic situations of these regions.
The Central Question submission identifies any preconceived beliefs and what
you will do to ensure your research results is not effected by bias in your
analysis, interpretation of results, and implementation of the capstone outcome.
Discuss your preconceived beliefs here.
My preconceived beliefs are that the lack of sustainable water in the rural areas of Africa
have negative social and economic effects on individuals and their communities.
The Central Question includes an explanation of why you feel it is important.

Discuss why your central question is important here.
My central question is important because the access to clean water is a basic human right
but in countries across the world people do not have access to it. They have to drink
contaminated water and hope that they do not get sick from it. Also my central question is
important because it will shed light on the harsh situations some people have to live with
and hopefully make the world as a whole a better place to live in where people that are more
fortunate help those that are struggling everyday to survive.
Step 5:
Researching and creating
October:
Pass in your project's annotated bibliography. This will include
annotations from Step 4 and 5 additional annotations due for Step 5
giving you a total of 10 of your 15-20 annotations.
Continue journal entries
o Show progression of the use of 21st century skills
Update your checklist of the skills achieved so far (use your journal to
help you)
Core 21st Description of how you are progressing with the core skill. Refer to
Century Skill the school-wide rubrics to help you with this.
Strategic I am progressing with my core skill of strategic reading by actively
Reading engaging with the online articles that I am reading to effectively
choose which articles, or sources would be the most beneficial to
answering my central question. I already have ten sources that help
me answer my central question, which I found through strategically
reading articles and selecting the best ones for my topic.
Written I am progressing with my core skill of written communication by
Communication completing all of my annotated bibliographies and all steps of my
capstone project. Also I am communicating with my classmates using
written communication by commenting on their projects and
suggesting ways that they can make their projects better.
Research I am progressing with my core skill of research by finding meaningful
articles, websites, and charities to help me gather information in order
to answer my central question and complete my real world
application.
Problem I am progressing with my core skill of problem solving by finding
Solving new article and websites that neither my partner nor I have used
before to get new information for my annotated bibliographies.
Technology I am progressing with my core skill of the use of technology by
researching article on the internet, posting comments on Eliademy
and uploading each of my steps on to the capstone page. Lastly I am
using technology to type up all of my annotated bibliographies and
individual steps of my capstone project.
Collaboration I am progressing with my core skill of collaboration in three ways.
First I am collaborating with my capstone partner to make sure that
we cover all of the necessary material that we need to answer our
central question while refraining from using the same sources for our
annotated bibliographies. Second I am collaborating with my
classmates in the discussion portion of the online class, not only to
improve my project with their feed back but also giving others my
opinions or suggestions to improve their projects as well. Lastly I am
collaborating with my advisor by meeting with them to explain our
progress and take any suggestions from them.
Oral I am progressing with my core skill of oral communication by meeting with my
Communication advisor to discuss what my partner and I have accomplished so far on our project
and what we have left to accomplish before we are ready to complete it and answer
our central question.
Meeting with advisor:
o Discuss the research and creation process. Must be done in a
scheduled meeting outside of homeroom.
o Establish a plan to address skills not yet proficiently
demonstrated.
Step 4:
Journal of Progress 1
Current step: 4
Name: Meredith Culhane
Date: September 18, 2016
Did I check in with my advisor this week? (Yes or No)
Start of Week:
Place a check next to the corresponding date. Choose only one. You must do an entry 2 times a
month, due on homeroom days when steps are due.
Sept 28th, due with Step 4
_____Oct5th _____Oct26th, due with Step 5
_____Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6
_____Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7
_____Jan 11th, due with Step 8
What do you plan to accomplish by the end of the week?
This week my partner and I hope to begin our fundraising for our Water project, Ready Set H2O. We
want to make bracelets or necklaces that we can give to our piers in return for a donation to our
project. If they donate five dollars they can get a hand made bracelet and if they donate ten dollars
they can get a hand made necklace. Also we would like to start a fundraising campaign with a water
project of our choosing based on our research.
What are your needs, including time, space, materials, and personal contacts?
One of our needs for this week includes going to the craft store to buy materials for the bracelets and
necklaces that we will be giving to people that donate to our cause, and making these bracelets and
necklaces. To accomplish this first task we will need around five hours so we can purchase all of the
materials, make them, and begin selling them to our friends and getting the word out about our project
over social media. Another one of our needs this week is to research different water projects, choose
the one that we believe will be the best fitted for our donation, and then start a fundraising page and
post the link on social media pages. This process should take another five hours just to make sure we
choose the right water project and make sure or fundraising page explains our goal and reaches as
many people as possible.
What obstacles do you anticipate and how can you overcome these obstacles?
Some obstacles we may face this week is raising money for our project. Since it is the first week of
our fundraising not too many people will know about our project so it might be difficult for us to get
people to donate money. We can overcome this obstacle by persevering and continuing to get people
to donate money and by keep reminding people of our cause by posting it constantly on social media.
How can your advisor help you this week?
There is not much our advisor can help us accomplish this week besides helping spread word about
our project and desire to raise money for it.
Step 4:
Date: September 25, 2016
This week my partner and I accomplished a lot. We began the week by going to Michaels and AC
Moore to get beads and string/ cord for our bracelets and necklaces. After we bought all of the
necessary materials we went to my house to make them, this took about two hours, as there were a lot
of things to discuss and a lot of bracelets and necklaces to make. After we finished making them we
posted a brief summary of our project, final goal and pictures of the jewelry on social media in hopes
of getting people to donate to our project. By the end of this week we made twenty dollars toward our
goal (out initial goal is to raise $1,000 however this might increase based on how successful our
fundraising is). Another accomplishment of ours was selecting which water project we want to donate
to. After doing all ten of our annotated bibliographies and researching different water projects and
their goals we decided on Charity: Water. After deciding on this charity we created a fundraising
campaign with them and set our goal to raise $1,000, we then posted this link on Facebook in hope of
getting people to donate to this charity. Overall I think the first week of our project has been quite
successful.
Discuss how you employed each of the core skills this week.
Strategic reading Written communication Research Problem

solving
Technology Collaboration Oral communication
Strategic Reading: My partner and I employed the core skill of strategic reading this week by reading
the different methods and goals of the many different water projects we researched such as The Water
Project, Charity: Water, Waterboys and Unicef and deciding which one we though best fit our goals.
We read each projects achievements, ratings, strategy and other basic information to help us come to
our final decision which was to join with Charity: Water.
Technology: My partner and I employed the core skill of technology by researching information
about our topic and posting on Eliademy. We each had to find five reliable sources to base our project
off of and in order to accomplish this feat we had to use the Internet. Also to post on Eliademy we
had to use a computer or other technological device to type up our five annotated bibliographies, post
comments, and post our journals.
Written Communication: My partner and I employed the core skill of written communication in
multiple ways this week. The first way we employed written communication this week was during
our process of writing the five annotated bibliographies. With the annotated bibliographies we had to
explain/ communicate with one another and with our advisor how these sources would be useful for
our project. The other way we employed written communication was through posting about our
project on social media in hopes of people donating to Charity: Water to make clean water more
accessible to those who do not have it.
Collaboration: My partner and I employed the core skill of collaboration this week by commenting on
other classmates capstone ideas and by working together to make progress on our capstone. By
commenting on our piers work we have the ability to give them new ideas and information that they
previously would not have had. My partner and I also collaborated as we worked together to make the
jewelry we would give to those that donate to our project and we also worked together to decide
which charity we would, in the end, like to donate our earnings to.
Research: My partner and I employed the core skill of research this week by doing our annotated
bibliographies. This week my partner and I both found five sources that we thought would be helpful
in the development of our project and we each wrote five different annotated bibliographies on the
five different sources.
Oral Communication: My partner and I employed the core skill of oral communication this week
through the process of selling our jewelry. We had to explain our project to many of our friends,
family members and those attending our games or meets in hope of getting them to donate to our
water project.
Problem Solving: My partner and I employed the core skill of problem solving this week by
increasing are chances of getting people to donate to our project. In the beginning of the week we had
trouble getting people to donate to our project so we decided that we needed to increase the number
of people who knew about our project. In order to do this we need to tell our friends and family to
spread the word and also by posting information about our project more place and more frequently.
Step 5:
Journal of Progress
Current step: Step 5
Date: November 9, 2016
Did I check in with my advisor this week? Yes
If yes, write the date: 9 November 2016
Start of Week:
_____Sept 28th, due with Step 4
___x__Oct5th __x___Oct26th, due with Step 5
By the end of the week I hope to have met with my capstone advisor to discuss where my partner and
I are at with our project and get feed back from her to see if she has any suggestions on how we can
improve our project.
This week I will need some time after school to meet with my capstone partner and advisor to discuss
our project thus far. In order to accomplish this I will need to talk with my advisor and my partner to
schedule a meeting time that works with everyone.
An obstacle that I anticipate happening is everyone finding time in their busy schedules to meet;
however I plan to overcome this by being flexible with my individual schedule as much as I can in
order to make this appointment as soon as possible and easy for everyone to attend.

My advisor can help me this week by looking at her schedule and finding a time that she can meet
with my partner and I. Also she can help by giving us suggestions and feedback on where we are at
with our project and how to make it better.
End of Week
Summarize your progress for the week here:
This week was very successful as my partner and I met with our advisor and got feed back on our
progress and suggestions on how to make our project better. In order to accomplish this goal I had to
use oral communication to talk to my advisor and partner about a date that we could all meet to
discuss our progress thus far. Next I used my problem solving skills to find a time that all of us could
meet after school, then at this meeting my partner, advisor and I collaborated, or worked together to
understand what progress we have made on our project and how we can continue to find success.
Lastly I have begun my annotated bibliographies that require me to research my topic on my
computer (technology), strategically read articles in order to find articles that will answer my central
question, and lastly type up my annotated bibliographies and write how this article will be helpful in
answering my central question (written communication).
Step 5:
Journal of Progress
Current step: Step 5
Did I check in with my advisor this week? Yes
If yes, write the date: November 9, 2016
Start of Week:
__X___Oct5th ___X__Oct26th, due with Step 5
By the end of the week I hope to have all f step five done.
In order to accomplish this task I will need to set aside time in my weekend to find five sources for
my annotated bibliographies and type up a summary of each article, an analysis of each source and
lastly how this source will aid my project. Also I will need to talk to my partner about the sources we
need to get in order to answer our central topic and discuss which sources she has done so they we do
not repeat.
Some obstacles I anticipate this week are, finding five sources that I can use to answer my central
question and finding time to complete step five.
This week my advisor cannot help me, as this is all personal work.
End of Week
This week I finished my annotated bibliographies. This task required me to research my topic on my
computer (technology), strategically read articles in order to find articles that will answer my central
question, and lastly type up my annotated bibliographies and write how each article will be helpful in
answering my central question (written communication). Also this week I had to collaborate with my
capstone partner to make sure that we did not use the same sources for our annotated bibliographies.
Another skill that I had to use while doing my annotated bibliographies was problem solving, if I
could not find an article that I was looking for I would have to find a new phrase to type in the search
engine to try and find a better article. Lastly I had to use oral communication to talk to my partner in
homeroom about what we each had accomplished this week and what we have left to do to finish our
project.
Step 6:
Present Findings
November:
Annotated Bibliography for at least another 5 additional sources used
since
Step 5.
Written Synthesis of Findings:
o 2 to 3 pages, list central question.
o Explain the methods of how research was used and where the
information came from.
o Answer central question with citations from research.
o Explain how you will solve the problem.
o Parenthetical citations and works cited page.
Continue journal entries
Begin creation process of presentation product and submit an updated
description of product
The presentation of our capstone project is going to include both a verbal presentation and a live
demonstration. Our spoken presentation will report our findings on why it is imperative that every
individual has a sustainable water source and what were are doing/ did to help achieve this
worldwide goal. We will aid our oral presentation with a tri- fold poster board that visually
represents our presentation. Lastly we are going to create a 3D water filter, which we will explain
the materials in the filter, how it works and demonstrate to our audience how it is used.
Describe what you have done or plan to do to share your capstone with a real
world audience beyond the attendees at the fair. Must show proof of real world
application picture or video.
My real world application has two parts to it. The first part of my real world application is the
creation of a 3D printed water filter cap that when placed on a water source will filter out the
harmful elements, making any water a viable water source. The next part of my real world
application is to raise money to fund a project that will create a sustainable water source for a
community without access to clean drinking water. So far my partner and I have created a campaign
with charity: water for which we will raise money and then donate.
Picture of our campaign page:
Review and revise list of the use of 21st century skills

Core 21st Description of how you are progressing with the core skill. Refer to
Century Skill the school-wide rubrics to help you with this.
answering my central question. I already have seventeen sources that
help me answer my central question, which I found through
strategically reading articles and selecting the best ones for my topic.
application. Also I am using research to determine how homemade
water filters work and what materials are the most effective in
filtering the water.
before to get new information for my annotated bibliographies. I am
also using problem solving to decide what materials will make the
best homemade water filter and how to put all of these materials
together to create a straw that you can drink water through.
researching articles on the internet, posting comments on Eliademy
Oral I am progressing with my core skill of oral communication by
Communication meeting with my advisor to discuss what my partner and I have
accomplished so far on our project and what we have left to
accomplish before we are ready to complete it and answer our central
question.
Step 6:
Synthesis Paper
Meredith Culhane
Mrs. Gosselin
Capstone
28 November 2016
Ready, Set, H20!
How does the lack of clean water impact developing countries and what are possible
solutions?
Why is the lack of clean water such a pressing problem in our world today? Water is
essential to sustain all forms of life; humans can only live a few days without water. In 2010
the UN General Assembly recognized that every human should have the right to water and
sanitation yet 783 million people, or 11 percent of the global population, remain without
access to an improved source of drinking water(Global Issues). This large percentage of the
world's population are not the only individuals affected by this water crisis, many
communities that have access to water, do not have clean water resulting in rampant water
and sanitation related diseases and deaths. This issue is so bad that 1,000 children die
everyday due to preventable water and sanitation related diarrhoeal diseases(Global Issues).
The lack of clean water has a large impact on the communities in developing countries, yet
this issue has some solutions.
One of the largest implications unsanitary water has on developing communities are
the health issues that can result. Contaminated water spreads diseases different types of
diseases that are associated with drinking unsanitary water. One type of disease is a
waterborne disease that are caused by pathogenic microbes that can be directly spread
through contaminated water(Global WASH). Some of the major waterborne diseases
include Cholera, Guinea Worm Disease, and Typhoid Fever. These water related diseases are
responsible for 1 in 5 deaths of children under 5 and 50% of hospitalized
patients(Waterboys). One of the deadliest diseases that result from unsanitary water is
diarrhea. Diarrhea causes a person to lose water and electrolytes resulting in dehydration and
in some cases death. There are four billion cases of diarrhea a year; 1.8 million that result in
death and 1.6 million of these deaths are children (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene). Other
water related diseases that are the result of insect or poor sanitation are Ringworm, Scabies,
Trachoma, Dengue Fever, Malaria and Yellow Fever. This issue creates tremendous
problems for other social and economical aspects in communities, yet all this can be
prevented through water sanitation systems.
Another effect the lack of clean water has on communities is that it devastates the
economy of the region or community. Access to clean water can turn a community around as
they will get back the time that they use to collect water so they have the time they need to
create and sell goods, and allow them to grow diverse crops [that] can thrive due to the
accessible water source (Waterboys). Clean water has such a major impact on the economy
that countries that lack clean water do not benefit from the Countrys lose out on $32 billion
dollars annually as a result of water related illnesses. (Economic Importance). The first
step to improve developing countries is to provide them with proper water filtration and
sanitation systems.
The lack of clean water also has tremendous effects on the education systems and
women. Every year 443 million school days are lost because of water related diseases. This
lost of education due to the lack of clean water is horrible since Education is critical for
breaking the cycle of poverty but due to students missing class to fetch water or deal
with stomach pains and diarrhea from the dirty water, they are unable to break this cycle.
This unavailability of clean water is especially harmful to girls education and equality. Once
the girls hit puberty they drop out of school due to schools not having proper toilets(a
factor that contributes to the unsanitary water) taking away from their education. Also by not
having access to nearby water sources girls suffer because it is their job to fetch water
taking away from there ability to participate in school even before they hit puberty. Due to
the many burdens [the] lack of clean water brings, education simply becomes less of a
priority to many children in developing areas making it nearly impossible for them to break
the poverty cycle and create a better future for their community (Education in Africa).
Access to clean water could change all of this since it increases school attendance by
reducing sickness, time spent collecting water, and increasing access to proper sanitation
systems.
To actually put our research to use my partner and I decided to try and make a
difference. To do our part in attempting to solve this issue we started a campaign with
charity: water. charity: water stood out to us amongst all other charities because of their
100% model. They are fortunate to have private donors, foundations and sponsors cover all
expenses necessary to get the water projects started. For that reason 100% of public
donations directly fund the construction of the clean water projects (charity: water). They
have found so much success in their efforts by making sure the water systems are sustainable
and by giving 7,015,189 people access to clean water. Our campaign with charity: water
raised over $1,000 by selling stickers and bracelets for two dollars each. Another part of our
real world application was creating a 3D printed filtration cap that was based off of the
design of The FairCap. We will demonstrate this filtration during the fair and explain how
this is a cheep and short-term solution to the water crisis.

Step 7:
Selection of Presentation Method
Describe how you will share your capstone with a real world audience beyond the
attendees at the fair.
My real world application has two parts to it that will allow it to be accessed beyond the attendees at
the fair. The first part of my real world application is the creation of an easy to make homemade
filtering straw that, when placed in any source of water, will filter out the harmful elements, making
any water a viable water source to drink from. The next part of my real world application is to raise
money to fund a project that will create a sustainable water source for a community without access to
clean drinking water. So far my partner and I have created a go fund me page where people can donate
money to our charity, Charity: Water.
Describe how you will present your capstone to your advisor and the attendees at the
capstone fair.
The presentation of our capstone project is going to include both a verbal presentation and a live
demonstration. Our spoken presentation will report our findings on why it is imperative that every
individual has a sustainable water source and what were are doing/ did to help achieve this worldwide
goal. We will aid our oral presentation with a tri- fold poster board that aid our presentation and visually
represents our presentation. Lastly we are going to create a home made water filter, we will explain the
materials in the filter, and how it works and demonstrate to our audience how it is used.
Please sketch out and label what your tri-fold will look like and describe in writing
what your table will look like at the capstone fair night.
Have shown sketch to advisor during meeting.
On capstone fair night our table will have a tri- fold in the back that presents all of our research and
conclusions in a clear manner, a water filtration system which we made, and a can for colleting
donations from those whom we move so much that they decide they would like to give back to the
cause which we educated them about.
Describe how your presentation plan will allow you to showcase your mastery of each of the
core 21st century skills
Core 21st Description of how the presentation of your project will help you
Century Skill showcase your mastery of this 21st century skill. Refer to the school-
wide rubrics to help you with this.
Strategic The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
Reading strategic reading. The presentation will allow me to demonstrate my
mastery of my topic and how by actively engaging with the online
articles that I read and annotated I can effectively apply them flawlessly
to answering my central question.
Written The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
Communication written communication. My presentation will mainly include an
explanation of my research paper and findings based on annotated
bibliographies then drawing conclusions based on my research and
communicating this to my audience. Also my written communication
will hopefully be compelling enough move people and motivate them to
donate to our cause and help better the world.
Research The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
research by presenting it in a way that allows my partner and I to answer
our central question. We will demonstrate our knowledge on this topic
by displaying our research and explaining how the meaningful articles,
discovery of charities, and materials to create a filtration device lead to
the synthesis of a single conclusion to answer our central question.
Problem Solving The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
problem solving. This will be evident through each new article and
websites that I found to support my central question and through the
demonstration of the water filter that we made. We had to use problem
solving to decide what materials would make the best homemade water
filter and how to put all of those materials together to create a straw that
you can drink water through.
Technology The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in as
I will have a poster bored of pictures and information, which I had to
use technology to create and find. Also I will be demonstrating my
master of technology through the demonstration of the filtration device
which is a piece of technology used to help people drink clean water
from a contaminated source.
Collaboration The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
collaboration, as the final product of my project will not be
accomplished if I do not work with my partner and advisor. First I
collaborated with my capstone partner to make sure that we cover all of
the necessary material that we need to answer our central question while
refraining from using the same sources for our annotated bibliographies,
and to create our presentation for the fair. Second I collaborated with my
improve my project with their feed back but also by giving others my
opinions or suggestions to improve their projects as well. Lastly I
collaborated with my advisor by meeting with them to explain our
Oral The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
Communication oral communication by clearly addressing my central question then
providing my audience with an understandable conclusion that I drew
from my research.
Step 6:
Journal of Progress
Current step: 6
Date: November 9th
Did I check in with my advisor this week? No
Start of Week:
__X___Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6
By the end of the week I hope to have the last of my research for my central question completed and
have started my synthesis paper. My first priority is to finish colleting my sources and analyzing them
by creating annotated bibliographies so that I will have all of the means necessary to answer my
central question. I will then take all of my research and use that to answer my central question in the
form of a synthesis paper.
My needs for this week are about six hours, my laptop and communication with my partner. I will
need six hours to complete my research and synthesize my findings in a paper that answers my central
question. I will need my laptop to find all of my sources and type up my synthesis paper. Lastly I will
need to communicate with my partner about what new sources I have found so that I make sure we do
not duplicate any articles.
One obstacle that I might encounter this week is finding enough new sources to create my five or
more annotated bibliographies. I can overcome this obstacle is by first either broadening or narrowing
my search horizon on a topic of my research and secondly including some actual stories that recount
the effects that the lack of clean drinking water has on a community.
There is not much that my advisor can do to help me this week besides maybe answering some
questions that I have either on finding more sources or writing my synthesis paper.
End of Week
Date: November 16th, 2016
This week I was very successful in completing the major part of my capstone project, the last of my
research and my synthesis paper. I started the week by finding seven new compelling articles that
would help me develop my knowledge on my central question. After finishing the annotated
bibliographies on my last sources I went back and refreshed my memory on the other articles I had
read and used this information to begin writing my synthesis paper. Second I finished my synthesis
paper by posing my central question and then using all of my research to answer it. This week I
completed my research for capstone and answered my central question.

answering my central question. I already have seventeen sources that
help me answer my central question, which I found through
strategically reading articles and selecting the best ones for my topic.
application.
also using problem solving to organize my synthesis paper in a logical
way where it flows and answers my central question in the most
effective manner.
Communication meeting with my partner and discussing what we have done and still
need to do to complete our research so that we can answer our central
question. We have also been communicating on what articles we have
each been reading and annotating to make sure that we both find
different sources.
Step 6:
Journal of Progress
Current step: 6
Date: November 30th
Start of Week:
_____Nov9th __x___Nov30th, due with Step 6
By the end of the week my goal is to have talked with my partner about our presentation regarding
how our presentation will work and what is going to be on our table. We will discuss what our poster
board is going to look like, and how we are going to display both parts of our real world application
on our table. By displaying our real world application on the table we will be able to show our
audience that our project extends further then Weymouth High School.
This week my needs include communicating with my partner and possibly purchasing a poster board
to begin the creation of our project. I will need to communicate with my partner so that we can
discuss the set up of our project, verbally and visually.
An obstacle that I anticipate occurring this week is finding time for my partner and I to meet to
discuss our presentation. I will over come this obstacle by communicating with my partner about
what days I have a available to work on the project and finding out what days she has available and
then meeting on a day we both have spare time.
How can your advisor help you this week? This week my advisor will not be able to help us, as it is
solely a week that my partner and I have to communicate and work together to get our goal
accomplished.
End of Week
Date: December 3rd, 2016
This week my partner and I met to discuss our presentation. The presentation of our capstone project
is going to include both a verbal presentation and a live demonstration. Our spoken presentation will
report our findings on why it is imperative that every individual has a sustainable water source and
what were are doing/ did to help achieve this worldwide goal. We will aid our oral presentation with a
tri- fold poster board in order to present more of our findings and visually represents our presentation.
Lastly we are going to create a home made water filter, we will explain the materials in the filter, and
how it works, and demonstrate to our audience how it is used.

Reading engaging with the online articles that I read to effectively evaluate the
best materials to use for the water filter that my partner and I had to
create.
Communication meeting with my partner and discussing what we have done and still
need to do to complete our research so that we can answer our central
question.
Step 7:
Journal of Progress
Current step: 7
Date: December 7th, 2016
Start of Week:
__x___Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7
By the end of the week I hope to have the worksheet for step seven completed and my tri- fold poster
started. This step requires my partner and I to select our presentation method and to describe how our
table will be set up during the capstone fair.
My needs for this week include communication with my partner and review of my research in order
to begin the organization and creation of the tri-fold. The time it will take to accomplish this task is
approximately two to three hours and we will need a large surface like my kitchen table to work on
the poster board.
I do not anticipate any obstacles this week besides finding time to work on step seven and the poster
board. To overcome this obstacle I will have to manage my time effectively.

This week my advisor can help me by willingly answering any questions I need answered and by
providing me with suggestions on how to make my tri- fold better.
End of Week
This week I was successful in completing step seven. The first part of step seven was how my real
world application will have the ability to be accessed beyond the attendees at the fair. My real world
application is to raise money to fund a project, charity: water that will create a sustainable water
source for a community without access to clean drinking water. This will affect a large amount of
people outside of the capstone fair and provide them with better living conditions. Also I continued to
develop the presentation of my partners and Is project.
Strategic The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in

Reading strategic reading. The presentation will allow me to demonstrate my
mastery of my topic and how by actively engaging with the online
articles that I read and annotated I can effectively apply them flawlessly
to answering my central question.
Written The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
Communication written communication. My presentation will mainly include an
explanation of my research paper and findings based on annotated
bibliographies then drawing conclusions based on my research and
communicating this to my audience. Also my written communication
will hopefully be compelling enough move people and motivate them to
donate to our cause and help better the world.
Research The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
research by presenting it in a way that allows my partner and I to answer
our central question. We will demonstrate our knowledge on this topic
by displaying our research and explaining how the meaningful articles,
discovery of charities, and materials to create a filtration device lead to
the synthesis of a single conclusion to answer our central question.
Problem Solving The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
problem solving. This will be evident through each new article and
websites that I found to support my central question and through the
demonstration of the water filter that we made. We had to use problem
solving to decide what materials would make the best homemade water
filter and how to put all of those materials together to create a straw that
you can drink water through.
Technology The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in as
I will have a poster bored of pictures and information, which I had to
use technology to create and find. Also I will be demonstrating my
master of technology through the demonstration of the filtration device
which is a piece of technology used to help people drink clean water
from a contaminated source.
Collaboration The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
collaboration, as the final product of my project will not be
accomplished if I do not work with my partner and advisor. First I
collaborated with my capstone partner to make sure that we cover all of
the necessary material that we need to answer our central question while
refraining from using the same sources for our annotated bibliographies,
and to create our presentation for the fair. Second I collaborated with my
improve my project with their feed back but also by giving others my
opinions or suggestions to improve their projects as well. Lastly I
collaborated with my advisor by meeting with them to explain our
Oral The presentation of my project will help me showcase my mastery in
Communication oral communication by clearly addressing my central question then
providing my audience with an understandable conclusion that I drew
from my research.
Step 7:
Journal of Progress
Current step: 7
Start of Week:
_____Dec7th __x___Dec 14th, due with Step 7
By the end of the week I hope to finish the creation of the demonstration portion of my real world
application, the water filter. Also during this week my partner are going to try and begin to sell
bracelets that will be given to those that donate to our capstone.
I have a few needs for this goal to be accomplished. First I am going to have to put aside some time
so that I can prepare and make the filter, this will probably take me three hours. Next I am going to
need to get all of the materials required to make the filter. Lastly I am going to have to meet with my
capstone partner so that we can do this together, this will require communication between us.
Two potential obstacles include not being able to meet with my partner because we are too busy and/
or also not being able to figure out how to make the filter. I will over come this obstacle but doing
other work ahead of time and communicating with my partner so that we have time to meet and
accomplish this task. I will overcome the other potential obstacle by making sure I read my research
on homemade filters that helps me both build and buy materials necessary for the filter.

My advisor cannot help me this week; this week is going to be filled with tasks that both my partner
and me have to accomplish on our own.
End of Week
Date: December 21st, 2016
This week we were very successful. We accomplished both of our goals, creating the water filter that
we can use to demonstrate how simple water filtration works and how simple it is to make them, and
selling bracelets to begin the fundraising for our charity. This week we eared fifteen dollars and we
excited to see this number grow.

helping me pick the materials to use in my filtration device and how
to construct it to make sure it works effectively.
Solving new articles and websites that neither my partner nor I have used
Communication meeting with my partner to discuss and create the best at home water
filter we can make. Also I am using oral communication to explain
the goal of my capstone to friends, family and peers to motivate them
to donate to our project and to receive, in return for their donation, a
hand made bracelet.
Step 4:
Annotated Bibliographies
Meredith Culhane
Ms. Gosselin
Capstone
26 September 2016
"Education in Africa and Water." The Water Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2016.
In this article the Water Project explains how the lack of availability to clean water
has a serious effect on attendance rates in developing countries schools. It claims that
Education is critical for breaking the cycle of poverty but due to students missing class to
fetch water or deal with stomach pains and diarrhea from the dirty water, they are unable
to break this cycle. This unavailability of clean water is especially harmful to girls education
and equality. Once the girls hit puberty they drop out of school due to schools not having
proper toilets(a factor that contributes to the unsanitary water) taking away from their
education. Also by not having access to nearby water sources girls suffer because it is their
job to fetch water taking away from there ability to participate in school even before they
hit puberty. Due to the many burdens [the] lack of clean water brings, education simply
becomes less of a priority to many children in developing areas making it nearly impossible
for them to break the poverty cycle and create a better future for their community.
This was a very well constructed article that was aware of its intended audience. This
article had a very strong structure as it introduced its topic very broadly, how dirty water
effects the education of all students, then got more specific, how dirty water effects girls
attendance rates at schools. By centering the article on how dirty water effects girls
attendance rates at schools the writer is able to appeal to the readers pathos. The readers
want the audience, mostly woman (a stereotype of who donates to charities) to empathize
with the girls who are held back from succeeding, due to their gender, in hopes of getting
donations. After the article ends, at the bottom of the page, there is information on how to
donate to the Water Project, this shows that the entire article above is appealing to the readers
emotions to get them to donate to the Water Project.
This article is going to be very helpful in our research because we can use it to
educate people on how dirty water can affect a society. We can use this article to prove to our
audience that Education is critical for breaking the cycle of poverty but it is nearly
impossible for some students to get the education they need due to them missing school to
fetch water, deal with stomach pains and diarrhea from the dirty water, or to care for
sick parents and siblings. Also we can use this article to appeal to our audiences emotions
by explaining that lack of water = lack of equality for girls, as they are forced to miss
school to fetch water or have to stop attending school because they hit puberty and the
schools do not have proper toilets. This article will help my partner and I appeal to our
audiences emotions by showing them the social effects dirty water has on developing
countries.
"Global Issues at the United Nations." UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2016.
This article addresses the success that has been made over the past few years in
providing clean water to those who need it but stresses that there is still work to be done as
not everyone has a clean water source. Between the years 1990 and 2010 the percent of
people using improved drinking water sources increased by thirteen percent, or over two
billion people. However even amongst all of this success 783 million people, or 11 percent
of the global population, remain without access to an improved source of drinking water.
Sub- Saharan Africa is particularly delayed in getting clean drinking water as over 40
percent of all people without improved drinking water live. This article also addresses the
fact that the UN General Assembly recognized that every human should have the right to
water and sanitation and therefore is working on accomplishing this goal by focusing on
the sustainable development of fragile and finite water resources. The UN is playing a
major role in providing clean and accessible drinking water to those in need of it.
Overall this source was very reliable. As this article was made by the United Nations
its reports are very neutral, more facts and less opinion based inferences or ideas. This article
appeals to the readers ethos as the UN is a very important organization of the worlds top
counties with the goal of bettering the world, so it can use its power and past successes to
convince people that what they are doing/ reporting is for the benefit of the world and that
the progress they are making is real.
This article is going to be very helpful in our research because we can use this to
educate our audience on the general ideas of our project. This article provides information on
how many people are still without a clean water source today, 783 million people, or 11
percent of the global population, and what region is the furthest behind on providing its
people with a clean water source, Sub- Saharan Africa. This article also provides us with
the information of who has found the most success in eradicating the issue of dirty water,
China and India. We can use this information to research how they have found success and
apply it to our idea on how we can aid projects in providing clean water to areas that lack it.
Lastly it has provided my partner and I with the knowledge that both urban and rural areas
are struggling to maintain or get access to clean water sources, we can use this information to
help us decide where we want to donate the money we raise for this cause.
"Global WASH-Related Diseases and Contaminants." Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 09 July 2012. Web. 25 Sept.
2016.
This article discusses the many different types of diseases that are associated with
drinking unsanitary water. Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microbes that can
be directly spread through contaminated water, most of these diseases cause diarrheal
illness which result in 1.5 million deaths each year due to dehydration. Some of the major
waterborne diseases include Cholera, Guinea Worm Disease, and Typhoid Fever. This article
also discussed how many diseases stemming from poor water is the result of inadequate
sanitation or insufficient hygiene. This article claims that with improved sanitization
facilities a significant amount of disease could be prevented. Some diseases associated
with poor sanitation and hygiene includes, Ringworm, Scabies and Trachoma. Lastly this
article discusses insect-borne diseases associated with water as water plays a critical role in
the spread of insect-borne diseases. Water plays an important role in the spread of insect-
borne diseases due to insects like mosquitos breeding around water. Insect borne diseases
include Dengue Fever, Malaria and Yellow Fever. This article describes how many diseases
are spread through water or as the result of nearby water.
This website is a very reliable source. This website is reliable due to it being made by
the CDC which is the Center for Disease Control and Prevention which is a government
agency. Due to it being a government agency it has access to very reliable information and
with this access they can educate the country on all things related to known diseases and their
prevention.
This website will be very useful my research because it provides information on
many diseases that are associated with water and their causes. With this information my
partner and I can educate our audience on the causes of the many diseases associated with
water and hap to prevent them.
"Waterboys Our Mission." Waterboys. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2016.
This article explains Waterboys mission to provide clean water to areas that need it.
This project has the goal of providing clean, accessible drinking water to rural communities
in East Africa. So far this project has funded fourteen wells and is about one third of the
way to having enough money to build its fifteenth well. The reason they do this is to help
children, especially girls, stay in school to get an education rather than collect water,
give families the time that they use to collect water back so they have the time they need to
create and sell goods, allow them to grow diverse crops [that] can thrive due to the
accessible water source, and lastly prevent deaths due to water- related diseases. The
prevention of diseases is very important to Waterboys because water-related diseases are the
cause of nearly 1 in 5 deaths of children under 5and are responsible for 50% of
hospitalized patients. This project also employs local crews to dill deep borehole wells
serving up to 7,500 people.
This website is slightly biased toward its own cause however its information is very
reliable. This website is obviously trying to get people to donate to its cause, building wells
in rural areas of East Africa, so it is trying to persuade people that its foundation is the best.
On the other hand what this group is doing is amazing and the facts they are providing their
audience are really reliable. Overall this website is a rebuttable source.
This website will be helpful in my research as it provides me information on a

foundation that my partner and I could possibly donate our earnings to. This website
provided me with information on how many people are effected by dirty water, 1 in 5 deaths
of children under 5 are killed due to dirty water and is responsible for 50% of hospitalized
patients; all of this can be prevented by providing these people with necessary water
sources. This also provides me with information on how unsanitary water can affect a
communitys economy, by not giving the people enough time to practice, create and sell
goods due to retrieving water or being sick from the water the economy fails. Lastly this
website provides me with information on the effects dirty water has on agriculture, is there is
not enough clean water there is no diversity in crops and therefore no trade of crops or a
healthy diet for the people in the community. This website was very informative on both
basic information and what water project would be the best for our donation.
Unicef. "Water." UNICEF. N.p., 5 Apr. 2016. Web. 25 Sept. 2016.
This article discusses the issues of contaminated water. The article begins its
discussion by stating that eight out of ten people without access to safe drinking water live
in rural areas and nearly half of them live in sub- Saharan Africa. Even if areas do have
access to water, drinking water sources are increasingly under threat from contamination
due to arsenic and fluoride poisoning and contact with human feces. Unicef believes that in
order to provide clean drinking water they first need to prevent the contamination of it. They
are attempting to educate many rural areas on the proper disposal of human feces and they
are attempting to teach them how to create proper toilets in hope of stopping some spread of
waterborne diseases that are the result of incorrect disposal of human fecal matter. This
article is very helpful in summarizing a plan to prevent the contamination of water and how
Unicef is going to take there part in helping decrease the number of people who are without
clean water sources.
This article is a very reputable source. It provides the audience of the website with
facts about the number of people with out a clean water supply and how many water supplies
can be contaminated. From these facts Unicef builds its plan of how to diminish these issues.
The article is a little biased on how it is going to solve this problem because it is one project
that is trying to get donations amongst many other projects just like it. Over all this website
was very factual and neutral in its approach to raise money for the development of wells in
rural areas with out clean drinking water.
This source will be really helpful in my project as it gives basic information about the
issues other countries have when it comes to clean water sources and it also explains the
goals of a Unicef's plan to fix this problem. We can use the information on Unicefs plan to
fix the problem of people not having access to clean drinking water to help us decide what
project to donate the money we raised to help aid their project. Also we can use the basic
information they provided on what contaminates the water, arsenic, fluoride and human
feces, to help educate our audience on what went wrong and how we and other water projects
can make it right. This source will be very helpful in the development of our project.
Step 5:
Meredith Culhane
Ms. Gosselin
Capstone
31 October 2016
"Top 5 Easiest DIY Water Filters You Can Make At Home." ALL ABOUT WATER
FILTERS. N.p., 10 Mar. 2016. Web. 13 Nov. 2016.
This article walks its audience through a step-by-step process of how to construct five
different water filters that you can make at home. The first type of homemade water filter is a
Bio- Filter, which is made in a plastic bottle, which has the bottom cut out so materials can
be poured into the bottle that will eventually filter the water. The materials that go into this
filter include a cloth, activated carbon to remove contaminants, sand to filter out fine
impurities and gravel to filter out large sediment. The next type of at home water filter is a
stovetop distiller, which extracts water from most liquids. The third type of water filter is a
charcoal filter, which requires charcoal, sand, a plastic bottle and a piece of cloth. This type
is very similar to the bio- filter but can be used if the other materials in the bio filter are not
accessible. Another at home process to filter your water is to boil it. It is important while
boiling the water to leave it at a boil for three minutes in order to clean it. Lastly there is the
solar water disinfection process, this process filters the water by exposing it to sunlight and
heat to purify the water and you have to expose it for as long as you want from two hours to
two days. The article encourages that these methods may not completely work and for safety
reasons recommend using two of these methods along with boiling the water.
This was a very well constructed article as it not only solved the given problem but
also provided the audience with multiple different ways to achieve the same outcome. Also
this article was very helpful as it gave you the ability to further your research on a specific
filtration system by providing you links to more elaborate explanations of each different
system. Although this article is appealing to people who would only need to use this is back
up situations in their homes they express that these techniques could help you if you are
stranded in the woods or like the center of my project, without a clean water source.
This article will be useful in my individual project as it will help my partner and I
design and demonstrate a basic water filtration system. People in the developing nations that
we are attempting to help with our fundraising could use the filtration system that we make.
The filtration systems that look like the most promising and achievable are the Bio- Filter,
the boiling of water and the charcoal filter. We will use one of these filters as part of our
presentation at the capstone fair.
"Water, Sanitation and Hygiene." UNICEF. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2016.
This website discusses the common water and sanitation- related diseases. One of the
main diseases that results from unsanitary water is diarrhea. Diarrhea, caused by many
different microorganisms, causes a person to lose water and electrolytes resulting in
dehydration and in some cases death. There are four billion cases of diarrhea a year; 1.8
million that result in death and 1.6 million of these deaths are children. Some other common
water and sanitation- related diseases include, typhoid fever, trachoma, schistosomiasis,
malaria, intestinal worms, HIV/ AIDs, guinea worm disease, fluorosis, cholera and
arsenicosis.
This was a very reputable source as it is on Unicef website, and Unicef is one of the
leading charities in attempting to provide clean drinking water to developing nations. This
site provides the reader with ample knowledge on the issue at hand and what people can
suffer and the extent to which they suffer if they do not have clean water. The article is very
neutral as it states the illnesses that could possibly occur and the effect they have on people.
This article uses the appeal to pathos and logos to get those interested in this cause to donate
by providing them with factual information of what happens to people if they do not have a
clean drinking source.
This article will be very helpful in my overall topic and research synthesis. Similarly
to the way the website used this information, I will use this information to educate my
audience on what can happen to those who do not have a sustainable water source and urge
them to help these people and donate to our charity. We can also use this information to
explain why sustainable and clean drinking water is imperative to every individual.
"Water, Sanitation and Hygiene." UNICEF. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2016.
This article claims that the two sources undermining Unicefs goal of clean water by
2015 is the water contamination as a result of faecal and arsenic contamination. This website
provides Unicefs problem solving solution to this issue, preventing the contamination of the
water in the first place, and how they are going to try and accomplish this feat. They also
claim that in order to end this contamination and prevent it in the future is to create
monitoring systems by locals to prevent water from reaching dangerous levels of
contamination again.
This article is a very reputable source. It provides the audience of the website with
facts about the number of people with out a clean water supply and how many water supplies
can be contaminated. From these facts Unicef builds its plan of how to diminish these issues.
The article is a little biased on how it is going to solve this problem because it is one project
that is trying to get donations amongst many other projects just like it. Over all this website
was very factual and neutral in its approach to raise money for the development of wells in
rural areas with out clean drinking water.
This source will be really helpful in my project as it gives basic information about the
issues other countries have when it comes to clean water sources and it also explains the
goals of a Unicef's plan to fix this problem. We can use the information on Unicefs site
about the high levels of arsenic and faecal matter in the water of people that do not having
access to clean drinking water to help us prove to the people the necessity of our project. This
will also help us accomplish our real world application by getting people to donate to our
project.
HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks.com, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2016.
This article briefly explains what activated charcoal is and how it can be used in
filtration systems. This article says that charcoal is carbon, and that activated charcoal is
carbon that has been treated with oxygen in order to open up tiny pores in between the
carbon atoms. The carbon then absorbs chemicals into these pores and out of the water
purifying it and removing the harmful chemicals from the water. The carbon absorbs the
other chemicals by getting chemicals to attach to the carbon as they move through the
charcoal and once they are attached they cannot easily be unattached. Using activated carbon
is a great way to filter water.
This article is very reliable because it is on a reputable website that has a main goal of
explaining how things and scientific processes work to people who need assistance in their
understanding. This article merely states factual information so there is no bias in the
reporting; it is strictly scientific.
This article will be very useful in my project. I will be able to use this website to aid
my explanation of why our charcoal filter works and the science behind its ability. By having
this understanding of how the charcoal works I will be able to effectively explain the process
to my audience in a way that they can comprehend it.
water, charity:. "The 15-Year-Old President charity: water." Medium. charity: water, 29
Sept. 2014. Web. 13 Nov. 2016.
This article introduces its readers to Natalia, a fifteen-year-old girl from
Mozambique, whose life was drastically changed with the help of charity: water. Her life
changed because she always loved attending school but she could only go after collecting
water. This usually only meant that she went to school twice each week but now with the
borehole, made by charity: water, what used to take hours now only takes twenty
minutes. Another way her life changed was, with the borehole that charity: water created,
the community must select a water committee and in her community Natalia is the
president. This is a high role for a girl at her age, but she is successful because she can read
and she is motivated to keep things organized and persistent. The access to clean water has
drastically changed Natalias life.
This source will be very helpful in my project. I can use Natalias story to appeal to
the emotions of people interested in our capstone or campaign to. By appealing to their
emotions I will make our capstone more persuasive and help communicate the severity of
this issue. This secondary source would be more effective in its persuasion if it gave greater
detail of how the access to clean water improved Natalias besides saying that it helped her
attend more school. Also if this was coupled with more stories with a similar message, it
would be very powerful and defiantly motivate people to donate.
This source will be very helpful in both my understanding and presentation of the
problem at hand. This personal story will show how significantly clean water can impact a
community. The fact that a young girl motivated by hopes of breaking the poverty cycle in
her community now will be able to attend school more then twice each week, and cut her
morning routine down by forty minutes just because she now has access to close and clean
drinking water is crazy. This story can be used in our section about the negative impact
unsanitary water can have on women and appeal to our audiences emotions to get them to
donate to this amazing cause.

Step 6:
Meredith Culhane
Ms. Gosselin
Capstone
28 November 2016
"Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Fourth Edition." WHO. World Health Organization,
n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2016.
This article talks about one of the many effective ways to properly sanitize
contaminated water. The method that this article focuses on is boiling water. It first
introduces this subject by listing circumstances that could result in the need to filter water
through the process of boiling it, including an uncertain quality of water sources. The article
then explains how boiling water is effective in removing harmful bacteria and viruses from
the water. Once the water reaches around sixty five degrees Celsius bacteria and viruses
contaminating the water are inactivated. Once the boiling water reaches a rolling boil it
should be left like this for around three minutes to show optimal results. It is important to
note that although this method is effective it should not be used alone since it does not filter
out larger particles from the water source. The most effective way to properly sanitize water
is to combine boiling with another sanitization method.
This is a very reliable source since it is the World Health Organization. This
organization has a main focus of making the world a safer and healthier place so the
information it is providing on how to safely clean water so that it is drinkable is very reliable
and probably some of the most helpful and accurate information that is accessible via the
internet. This article is also absent of a bias since it merely states factual information and
steps so that you can successfully filter water. It is also credible source since it recognizes the
complexity of this method, that this method is not fool proof and should be combined with
another method to successfully filter the water.
This article will be very helpful in me and my partners research and presentation. It
is helpful because it explains how boiling water is effective in sanitizing dirty water. This
gained knowledge will be placed under the section of our research that discusses different
sanitation methods. We will be sure to include that boiling water alone is not perfect, but that
together with another method it will create clean drinking water.
Crouse, Theresa. "How To Purify Water With Iodine For Survival." Survivopedia. N.p., 18
May 2015. Web. 2 Nov. 2016.
This article discusses another method that is used to purify water. This article focuses
on they way iodine can be used to help in the sanitization process of water. Iodine is an
element that is effective in decontaminating water as it disrupts homeostasis in the pathogens
(bacteria and viruses) by changing the concentration of ions in the cell. The iodine should not
be used excessively since it can be harmful; to properly use it only two drops are needed per
quart of clear water and 10 drops for cloudy water. Iodine can be found and used in the form
of tablets, crystals, and tincture.
This article is a reliable source. This page is on a survival website so it is reliable as it
provides a lot of information about the importance of water and how if you do not have a
clean source for drinking water iodine can be really helpful. This article appeals to the logic
of the reader as it states facts and implies that you can survive by following these guidelines.
This article could be stronger if it addressed more of a complexity rather then just saying that
too much iodine is dangerous and potentially harmful.
This article will be very helpful in me and my partners research and presentation. It
is helpful because it explains how using iodine is effective in sanitizing dirty water. This
gained knowledge will be placed under the section of our research that discusses different
sanitation methods. We will be sure to include that iodine has its flaws but that it is a
potential successful method that should be coupled with other forms of sanitization.
"Water Treatment Solutions." Lenntech. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2016.
This article discusses a third possible method that could be used to sanitize water.
This chemical method used for sanitization focuses on the use of the element chlorine. This
article explains everything that there is to know about chlorine, from its production and
transportation to its many uses in various aspects. One of the main focuses of this article
however is how it can be used to sanitize water in an effective and safe manner. Chlorine, a
very reactive element, is able to kill microorganisms by exchanging its atoms with other
compounds in these molecules causing them to deteriorate. Chlorine is one of the safest
chemical methods to sanitize water.
This article was a very good source. This article had an extensive amount of
information about chlorine so it was really reliable in providing the applications of chlorine,
specific toward cleaning water. This article appeals to the logic of the reader as it states facts
and proves just how effective chlorine is at filtering water. It is also a reliable source since it
addresses complexity, it recognizes that chlorine is still a chemical and that it does come with
an odor but that because of its sanitation success these negatives are not as important. Overall
this article was a very informative and reliable source.

This article will be very helpful in me and my partners research as it is yet another
type of sanitization method that can be used to filter contaminated water. Chlorine filtration
can be placed on our poster with the section about different filtration methods and be under
that sub category of chemical filters. Using the information from this article we can discuss
why and how chlorine filters are so successful.
"How Does Ultraviolet Water Treatment Work?" How Does Ultraviolet Water Treatment
Work? N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Oct. 2016.
This article discusses another possible method that could be used to sanitize water.
This article focuses on the use of ultra violet radiation to filter contaminated water sources to
make them safer to drink. The article first begins by defining what ultra violet radiation is,
an energy band within the electromagnetic energy spectrum. This UV light is effective is
sanitizing water by exposing pathogens to this form of light, and this exposure disrupts their
DNA and disables their ability to replicate. This article then goes on to address the pros and
cons of this sanitization system and the many different applications of this method.
This article is a reliable source. This information is found on a website that sell UV
filtering products and since they are in this business they know a lot about this topic and how
their product works. Since they are not selling anything on this page and only providing
general knowledge about UV radiation sanitation systems there is no bias. They are also
appealing to their readers logic as they are stating convincing information that proves UV
sanitation to be very successful. They are reputable since they address the complexity of their
argument by providing the cons of the UV radiation filters, but suggesting that the pros
greatly our weigh the cons. This article was very informative and helpful.
This article will be very helpful in my research for this project. This source will
provide me with necessary information on a great and effective sanitation system. The way in
which UV radiation can be used to filter water can be placed in the section of my research
that involves different types of sanitation systems and can be used to educate those that I
present to the many possible ways to clean water yet stress that little to none of these
methods are available to those in developing counties. This source will be very helpful in
developing the different types of filtration methods portion of my tri- fold.
"Women And Water: The Role Of Gender & The Water Shortage." Water.org. N.p., n.d.
Web. 1 Nov. 2016.
This article defines the burden placed on women due to the lack of clean and
accessible water sources in their communities. Women walk long distances t collect water for
their families use, cooking, bathing and drinking. The time they spend collecting this water
however is not all reward, Often the water [they collect] is contaminated, even deadly.
Another major issue for women due to the water crisis is the lack of sanitation because
fewer than one person in three has access to a toilet making woman wait till nightfall to
relieve them selves in order to preserve their dignity. This issue is currently being addressed
and with the help of many organizations communities are receiving access to clean water and
better sanitation. This will have giant effects on the females life, as it will help girls stay in
school instead of collecting water for their family. This will increase girls school
attendance, level of education and literacy rates and improve their overall health as they will
no longer have to delay defecation and urination and reduce their risk of physical injury
due to carrying the large cans of water great distances. The water crisis is major issue that
needs to be addressed so womans equality can be attained.

This article is very helpful and reliable website. Water.org is a very prominent charity
trying to address and solve the water crisis world wide so they are a reliable source from
which to get information from. This article appeals to the emotions of the reader as it
discusses the hardships women in communities that have no sustainable source of clean
water have to deal with daily. This article was very well constructed and very reliable.
This information will be very useful in me and my partners project as it provides a lot
of information about how women are affected by this crisis. A major topic of our project is
the effect the lack of sustainable clean water affects women in these communities and this
article provides us with a plentiful amount of information on this topic. Another helpful piece
of information that this article provides is that fewer than one person in three has access to a
toilet. This article will be very helpful in developing and defining why this is an issue that
needs to be solved.
Academies, National. "Safe Drinking Water Is Essential." Safe Drinking Water Is Essential -
Why Is Safe Water Essential? National Academies, 01 Sept. 2007. Web. 1 Nov. 2016.
This article answers the question: why is the water crisis an issue? It explains that
Water is a fundamental human need and that Each person on Earth requires at least 20 to
50 liters of clean, safe water a day for drinking, cooking, and simply keeping themselves
clean. However this is not the case for many people. Unsanitary water creates horrible
problems for so many people, Some 1.8 million people die every year of diarrheal diseases
like cholera. This article claims that once this basic human right is compromised other
things in their life fall secondary to this issue, such as education and economic opportunities.
This article stresses that this is a prominent issue in our world today that needs to be solved.
This article is a very reliable source. The article is from a museum that has a focus on
the issue unsanitary water has on communities and people around the world. It is also a
reliable source because it sights other very credible sources such a s the UN for some
information stated thereby suggesting that they are very well informed about this topic.
Overall this article is very well written and compelling to make people want to make a
change in this issue.
This article will be very helpful in my research as it helps me define why this issue
matters. This article provides the amount an individual requires 20 to 50 liters every day to
live a normal life and claims that although that is the case not many people have access to
this amount of water (which is a basic human right). This article also is helpful as it says that
even if communities have access to water, these sources may not be sanitary leading to
horrible and deadly diseases. This article has a very powerful display that will help me
organize my project.

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Ready, Set, H20!

Central Question: How does the lack of clean water

What electives do you plan to take in your

Are you willing to work in a group? Yes

Ciara Duggan, Medical pathway.

Student Signature Meredith Culhane Date

Central Question Examples:

Example 2: A student in the Humanities Academy might concentrate on teaching.

Central Question Check List.

The Central Question includes an explanation of why you feel it is important.

Name: Meredith Culhane

Date: September 18, 2016

Did I check in with my advisor this week? (Yes or No)

Sept 28th, due with Step 4

_____Oct5th _____Oct26th, due with Step 5

_____Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6

_____Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_____Jan 11th, due with Step 8

What do you plan to accomplish by the end of the week?

How can your advisor help you this week?

Date: September 25, 2016

Strategic reading Written communication Research Problem

Name: Meredith Culhane

Date: November 9, 2016

Did I check in with my advisor this week? Yes

If yes, write the date: 9 November 2016

_____Sept 28th, due with Step 4

___x__Oct5th __x___Oct26th, due with Step 5

_____Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6

_____Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_____Jan 11th, due with Step 8

What do you plan to accomplish by the end of the week?

How can your advisor help you this week?

Date: November 11, 2016

Summarize your progress for the week here:

Name: Meredith Culhane

Date: November 7, 2016

Did I check in with my advisor this week? Yes

If yes, write the date: November 9, 2016

_____Sept 28th, due with Step 4

__X___Oct5th ___X__Oct26th, due with Step 5

_____Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6

_____Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_____Jan 11th, due with Step 8

What do you plan to accomplish by the end of the week?

How can your advisor help you this week?

Date: November 13, 2016

Summarize your progress for the week here:

Review and revise list of the use of 21st century skills

Ready, Set, H20!

this issue has some solutions.

through contaminated water(Global WASH). Some of the major waterborne diseases

responsible for 1 in 5 deaths of children under 5 and 50% of hospitalized

prevented through water sanitation systems.

this is a cheep and short-term solution to the water crisis.

Name: Meredith Culhane

Date: November 9th

Did I check in with my advisor this week? No

_____Sept 28th, due with Step 4

_____Oct5th _____Oct26th, due with Step 5

__X___Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6

_____Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_Oct5th _Oct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th _Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th _Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_xOct5th x_Oct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th _Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th _Dec 14th, due with Step 7

X_Oct5th _XOct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th _Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th _Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_Oct5th _Oct26th, due with Step 5

X_Nov9th _____Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th _Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_Oct5th _Oct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th x_Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th _Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_Oct5th _Oct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th _Nov30th, due with Step 6

x_Dec7th _____Dec 14th, due with Step 7

_Oct5th _Oct26th, due with Step 5

_Nov9th _Nov30th, due with Step 6

_Dec7th x_Dec 14th, due with Step 7