Outline for Class What is a defect?

Roll/ Announcements
Objectives a shortcoming, imperfection, or lacking.
Grading Welds Understand defects in welds
Be able to locate and define defects
Mr. Nunes
11/14/16 Explain defects to others
Grading Welds Presentation
Guided notes
Questions
Weld Defects Undercutting Undercutting
a groove in the parent metal directly alongthe edges of
Most defects encountered in welding are due to an improper welding
procedure. the weld.
Once the causes are determined, the operator can easily correct the problem. Common causes: travel speed and arc voltage
incomplete penetration
travel speed is too high, the weld bead will be very
incomplete fusion peaked because of its extremely fast solidification
undercutting,
When only small or intermittent undercuts are present,
porosity raising thearc voltage or using a leading torch angle are
longitudinal cracking. also corrective actions.
Incomplete Penetration Incomplete Penetration Lack of Fusion
1) When the weld bead does not penetrate the entire Welding current has the greatest effect on penetration. No fusion between the weld metal and the surfaces of
thickness of the base plate. the base plate
Too low a welding current and can be eliminated by
2) When two opposing weld beads do not simply increasing the amperage. Travel Speed, arc voltage and work angle
interpenetrate.
Too slow a travel speed and an incorrect torch angle.
3) When the weld bead does not penetrate the toe of
a fillet weld but only bridges across it. Both will allow the molten weld metal toroll in front of
the arc, acting as a cushion to prevent penetration.
Porosity Cleanliness of Weld Cleanliness of Weld
Gas pores found in the solidified weld bead
Caused by:
How does your weld look? Bead height/ width / straightness
1) Inadequate shielding gas flow.
2) Excessive shielding gas flow. This can cause aspiration of air into splatter
the gas stream.
consistency
3) Severely clogged gas nozzle or damaged gas supply system
(leaking hoses, fittings, etc.)
bead height/ width
4) An excessive wind in the welding area. This can blow away the
gas shield. bead straightness
Splatter What are the
Looking at Welds
Incorrect settings - amps/ voltage and electrode
main factors
distance that you as an
Work angle too steep welder can
Surface Contaminants change to
Work environment improve your
welds?
Class Activity Wrap Up
You should be ready to go into detail when grading
Pair up with a partner your welds in the shop this week.
Practice explaining the defects in the weld Make sure you are able to the terms and explain how
you can improve your next weld
Explain what could be done to fix the defect
Be prepared to present to the class
Have a Great Monday!