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03 m/s
Temperature ( OC)
26.50
26.40
26.30
26.20
26.10
26.00
25.90
25.80
25.70
25.60
25.50
25.40
25.30
25.20
25.10
25.00
24.90
24.80
24.70
24.60
24.50
Dr. Hui HU
Advanced Flow Diagnostics and Experimental Aerodynamics Laboratory
Department of Aerospace Engineering
Iowa State University
2251 Howe Hall, Ames, IA 50011-2271
Email: huhui@iastate.edu
Advanced Flow Diagnostics and Experimental Aerodynamics Laboratory
X/C=1.0
20
15
15 Spanwise
Spanwise vorticity
0 vorticity (1000*1/s)
(1000*1/s) 10
10 0.50
-20
0.50 -0.50
-0.50
Y/C*100
-1.50
5
Y/C*100
10.0 8.0
20 8.0
Y/C*100
6.0
Y/C*100
6.0 5 4.0
5 4.0 2.0
0 2.0 0.0
0.0
0
0
-20
Shadow Region
10.0 m/s -5
-40
-5
0 10 20 30 40 50
0 10 20 30 40 50 X/C*100
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 X/C*100
X/C*100
AOA = 12.0 deg. , Re=50,000 Murphy and Hu (2010), Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 49, No.2, pp531-546
Bio-
Bio-Inspired Aerodynamics Design for Micro-
Micro-Air-
Air-Vehicle Applications
(Funded by NSF-
NSF-OISE program)
0.50
1.50
1.25
0.40 FM10
1.00 FM03
FM02
0.75
Drag Coeffeicent
FM01
Lift Coeffeicent
0.50 0.30 Rigid
0.25
FM10 0.20
0 FM03
FM02
-0.25 FM01
Rigid 0.10
Bat -0.50
-0.75
-1.00 0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Rigid 60
Airfoil
60
40
40
Membrane
Airfoil with
20
1 Rib 20
Y (mm)
Y (mm)
0 0
-40
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100
Membrane X (mm) X (mm)
Airfoil with
3 Ribs Rigid Thin Airfoil Flexible membrane Airfoil
at AOA=14.0 degrees Re=70,000 at AOA=14.0 degrees
Membrane
Airfoil with (Tamai, Murphy and Hu, AIAA Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 47, No. 5, pp1767-1778, 2008
10 Ribs
Piezoelectric flapping Wings for insect-
insect-sized MAV Applications
Funded by NSF-
NSF-IREE program
Piezoelectric actuator
c =12.7mm
2 2 2
Y/C
Y/C
Y/C
0 0 0
-2 -2 -2
0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8
X/C X/C X/C
h = A/C = 1.3; k =3.5, Str = 0.30, Re=1,400, J = 0.69
(Clemons, Igarashi and Hu, 2011, Experiments in Fluids)
Thermal Management and Cooling Effectiveness Evaluation for Gas Turbine Blades
(Funded by GE Global Research Center)
Streamwise
4
Streamwise
Velocity
4 Velocity
(m/s) 1.00 2.50 4.00 5.50 7.00 8.50 10.00 11.50 13.00 14.50 16.00
(m/s) 1.00 2.50 4.00 5.50 7.00 8.50 10.00 11.50 13.00 14.50 16.00
3 3
Y/H
2
Y/H
Slot Lip
Slot Lip
1 1
Cooling
Cooling Stream
Stream
0 0
Protected Wall Protected Wall
0 2 4 X/H 6 8 10 0 2 4 X/H 6 8 10
Adiabatic
Cooling
Effectiveness 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00
3
0
Z/H
-1
-2
-3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
X/H
Characterization of next Generation Fuel Nozzles/Atomizers
(Funded by Goodrich Engine Component Divison and GIVF program)
Gas turbines
20 Radial velocity
m/s -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
5 m/s
-20
Y (mm)
-40
Combustor -60
-80
20 Radial Velocity
m/s -4.8 -4 -3.2 -2.4 -1.6 -0.8 0 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4 4.8
5 m/s
-20
Y (mm)
-40
-60
-80
PIV measurements of an Air blast fuel injector/ atomizer
(Hu et al. 20111) -60 -40 -20 0
X (mm)
20 40 60 80
Characterization of Wind Turbine Wakes in Atmospheric Boundary layer Winds
(Funded by NSF-
NSF-CBET and IAWIND program)
Wake vortex structures at different phase angles Reconstructed 3-D wake vortex
structures
1 Streamwise TSR=2.5
Incomin velocity (m/s) 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.5
g
airflow 0.5
9 8 7
0
Y/D
6 5 4 -0.5
Streamwise velocity in the
wake (D is the diameter of the
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
rotor)
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
X/D
3 2 1 1
Velocity deficit (m/s)
(U-U incoming)
TSR=2.5
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0
0.5
Off-shore wind farm
0
Y/D
-0.5 Streamwise Velocity deficit in the
wake
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
X/D
Z X
Hill#1
Hill#2
Icing Physics and Wind Turbine De/Anti-
De/Anti-Icing
(Funded by NSF-
NSF-CBET)
Wind turbine icing represents the
most significant threat to the
integrity of wind turbines in cold
weather.
We are conducting a comprehensive
study to quantify important micro-
physical processes pertinent to wind
turbine icing phenomena for safer
and more efficient operation of wind
turbines in atmospheric icing
conditions.
Test Plate, Tw = -2.0OC Test Plate, Tw = -2.0OC Test Plate, Tw = -2.0OC Test Plate, Tw = -2.0OC
Video was taken at f=0.5hz.
Re-play speed is f=3hz Instantaneous phosphorescence images
Temperature Temperature Temperature
O
( C)
O
( C) O Temperature
0.0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 0.0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 ( C) O
( C)
0.0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 0.0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0
400 400 400 400
t = 0.5 s t = 5.0 s t = 20.0 s t = 35.0 s
Y (m)
Y (m)
Y (m)
Y (m)
200 200 200 200
0 0 0 0
O O O
Test Plate (TW =-2.0 C) Test Plate (TW =-2.0 C) Test Plate (TW =-2.0 C) Test Plate (TW =-2.0 OC)
-400 -200 0 200 400 -400 -200 0 200 400 -400 -200 0 200 400 -400 -200 0 200 400
X (m) X (m) X (m) X (m)
150
R/R00.00 150
R/R01.00 150
Wind Speed
R/R04.00
Wind Speed Wind Speed
(m/s) (m/s) (m/s)
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0
Y (mm)
Y (mm)
Y (mm)
50 50
Dtornado = 0. 5m ~ 1.5 m 0
Ground Floor
0
Ground Floor
0
-50
Ground Floor
0 50 100
-50 0 50 100 -50 0 50 100
X (mm) X (mm) X (mm)
Side view
Wind Speed Wind Speed Wind Speed
100 100 (m/s) 100
(m/s) 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 (m/s) 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00
50 50 50
Y (mm)
Y (mm)
Y (mm)
0 0 0
Top view
Flow around a building model in tornado like-wind
(Yang, Sarkar and Hu, Journal of Fluid and Structures, 2011)
Reconstructed 3-
3-D Flow Structures around a High-
High-rise Building
Building Model
(Funded by NOAA)
NOAA)
100
2.0 40
0.5 28
-100
Electroosmotic flow in
0 24
microchannels J de Mello
-150
0 1 2 3 4 5 Turn on the electric field
Temperature 30
o 32 34 36 38 40 -0.5 20
( C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Velocity(mm/s)
time(second)
Molecular tagging Velocimetry and Thermometry (MTV&T) technique to quantify the transient behavior
of an electrokinetically-driven flow (Hu et al., Meas. Sci. and Tech., Vol.21, No.8, 2010)
Conductivity
A B
A B 500V 800V 1000V 1200V 1600V
Siemens Quicklab for clinical
V V
routine diagnostics V V
B
A
A
B
300m
Electr
ic
field,
E
Mixing Enhancement using electro-kinetic instability (Jin & Hu, J. Visualization, Vol. 13, No.3, 2010)
An Experimental Study of Insulin Occlusion in CSII Therapy
(Funded by NSF-
NSF-IREE)
We are conducting a comprehensive study to elucidate underlying physics
for a better understanding of the microphysical process associated with
the insulin delivery in CSII therapy in order to provide a better guidance for
troubleshooting of insulin occlusion in CSII therapy.
Microchannel wall
300m
0.3
0.2 Y (mm)
0.2
0.1
0.1
0
Channel Wall
0