Lateral Load Distribution On Shear Walls - Example

Verification Manual
Lateral Load Distribution on Shear

Walls (1)
Lateral Load Distribution on Shear Walls (1) SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2
Page 1 of 25
Table of Contents
1. Objective.................................................................................................................................. 3
2. Modeling using SteelSmart System........................................................................................ 5
3. Lateral Load Distribution ......................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Calculation of the Coordinates of the Center of Rigidity ................................................. 7
3.2 Calculation of the Coordinates of the Center of Mass ..................................................... 7
3.3 Distances from the Center of Rigidity to the Centers of Walls ........................................ 7
3.4 Cases of Loading .............................................................................................................. 8
3.5 Definitions of Symbols ..................................................................................................... 8
3.6 Loads on Walls in Case 1-a ........................................................................................... 9
3.7 Loads on Walls for Case 1-b ....................................................................................... 10
3.8 Loads on Walls for Case 2-a ....................................................................................... 12
3.14 Maximum Loads on Walls ............................................................................................. 22
4. Verification of SteelSmart System........................................................................................ 23
Page 2 of 25
1. Objective
The objective of this verification sample is to check the lateral seismic load distribution on the
shear walls of a single-story building.
This check should be based on the following parameters:
Design Code: 2006 IBC w / ASCE 7-05
Building Location: Durham, NC 27709
Building Length (Lx) = 100 ft
Building Width (Ly) = 50 ft
Story height = 12 ft
Ridge Height = 18 ft
Roof Type: Gable, with no overhang
Occupancy Category= IV
Basic system category: Bearing Wall Systems
Basic System: Light-framed wall systems using flat strap bracing
Site Class = C
Design coefficients and factors:
R =4
0 = 2
Cd = 3.5
Design Requirements:
Ss = 20.127% of (g)
S1 = 7.864% of (g)
TL = 8 sec
Fa and Fv will be auto calculated
Effective area = 5000 ft2
Dead load = 60 psf
Partition load = 10 psf
Floor is assumed a rigid diaphragm
All shear walls are of equal panel width
The total lateral seismic force acting on the floor in both X- and Y- directions = 21,133 lbs
The layout of the building is shown in Figure 1, and the data for each shear wall is displayed in
Table 1.
Page 3 of 25
Lx
4 CM 3
Vx Ly
ey
CR
1 2
X Vy
Figure 1 Building Layout
Table 1 Shear Walls Data
Wall X (ft) Y (ft) Stiffness (R)

1 25 0.5 1
2 75 0.5 1
3 0.5 25 1
4 99.5 25 1
5 50 40 1
Note: since all shear walls are of equal panel width, the lateral load stiffness (R) should be set to
unity for all walls.
Page 4 of 25
2. Modeling using SteelSmart System
Page 5 of 25
Page 6 of 25
3. Lateral Load Distribution
3.1 Calculation of the Coordinates of the Center of Rigidity
Xcr = X-coordinate of the center of rigidity
=
RYi X i
RYj
1 (0.5 + 99.5)
= = 50 ft
(0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0)
Ycr = Y-coordinate of the center of rigidity
=
R XiYi
R Xj
1 (0.5 + 0.5 + 40 )
= = 13.667 ft
(1 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 1)
3.2 Calculation of the Coordinates of the Center of Mass
Since the building has a rectangular shape;
Xcm = X-coordinate of the center of mass
Lx
=
2
100
= = 50 ft
2
Ycm = Y-coordinate of the center of mass
Ly
=
2
50
= = 25 ft
2
3.3 Distances from the Center of Rigidity to the Centers of Walls
Considering dx as the distance in X-direction from the center of rigidity to the center of a wall,
and dy as the distance in Y-direction from the center of rigidity to the center of a wall; the values
of dx and dy for each wall can be shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Distances from the Center of Rigidity to the Centers of Walls
Wall dx (ft) dy (ft)

1 25 13.167
2 25 13.167
3 49.5 11.333
4 49.5 11.333
5 0 26.333
Page 7 of 25
3.4 Cases of Loading
Since the building is located in Seismic Design Category C, earthquake forces shall be applied
concurrently in two orthogonal directions as specified in Section 12.5.3 ASCE 7-05, and the cases
of loading for lateral seismic load distribution should be as follows:
(Case 1-a): Vx = 100% of Px (), Vy = 30% of Py (),
(Case 1-b): Vx = 30% of Px (), Vy = 100% of Py (),
(Case 4-a): Vx = 100% of Px (), Vy = 30% of Py (), and
(Case 4-b): Vx = 30% of Px (), Vy = 100% of Py ()
where,
Px = total lateral seismic load acting on the floor in X-direction
Vx = considered portion of lateral seismic load acting on the floor in X-direction
Py = total lateral seismic load acting on the floor in Y-direction
Vy = considered portion of lateral seismic load acting on the floor in Y-direction
3.5 Definitions of Symbols

Vxi-D = lateral load on a shear wall in X-direction due to direct shear
V R
= x xi
Rxj
Vyi-D = lateral load on a shear wall in Y-direction due to direct shear
V y R yi
=
R yj
Vxi-T = lateral load on a shear wall in X-direction due to torsion
=
( )
M tx + M ty Rxi d yi
Rxj d yj2 + R yj d xj2
Vyi-T = lateral load on a shear wall in Y-direction due to torsion
=
( )
M tx + M ty R yi d xi
Rxj d yj2 + R yj d xj2
Mtx = torsional moment due to eccentric shear force Vx
Mty = torsional moment due to eccentric shear force Vy
Vxi = maximum lateral load on a shear wall in X-direction
= (Vxi-D + Vxi-T) Vxi-D
Vyi = maximum lateral load on a shear wall in Y-direction
= (Vyi-D + Vyi-T) Vyi-D
Page 8 of 25
where,
Rxj = 1 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 3
R yj = 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0 = 2
Rxi d yj2 = 1 *(13.167 )2 +1 *(13.167 )2 +0 *(11.333)2 +0 *(11.333)2 +1 *(26.333)2
= 1040.167 ft2
R yi d xj2 = 0 *(25)2 +0 *(25)2 +1 *(49.5)2 +1 *(49.5)2 +0 *(0 )2
= 4900.5 ft2
3.6 Loads on Walls in Case 1-a

As shown in Figure 2;
Vx = 100% of Px ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Vy = 30% of Py ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Since Xcr = Xcm and the force Vy is not the force producing the greater effect;
(1) ey = total eccentricity of the force Vx for combination of inherent torsion and accidental
torsion
= (Ycr Ycm) 0.05Ly
= (13.667 25) 0.05*50
= -13.833 = 13.833 ft (measured downwards from the center of mass)
Mtx = Vxey
= 21,133*13.833 = 292,333 lbs-ft
The moment Mtx decreases the lateral load on Wall 1, Wall 2, and Wall 4; while it increases
the lateral load on Wall 3 and Wall 5.
(2) No torsional moment will be developed due to Vy.
Figure 2 Loads on Walls in Case 1-a
Page 9 of 25
Loading details for each wall in X-direction are displayed in Table 3, while those for each wall in
Y-direction are displayed in Table 4.
Table 3 Loading Details for Shear Walls in X-Direction Case 1-a
Vxi-D Mtx Mty Vxi-T Vxi

Wall
(lbs) (lbs-ft) (lbs-ft) (lbs) (lbs)
1 7,044 -292,333 0 -648 7,044
2 7,044 -292,333 0 -648 7,044
5 7,044 292,333 0 1,296 8,340
Table 4 Loading Details for Shear Walls in Y-Direction Case 1-a
Vyi-D Mtx Mty Vyi-T Vyi

Wall
3 3,170 292,333 0 2,436 5,606
4 3,170 -292,333 0 -2,436 3,170
3.7 Loads on Walls for Case 1-b

Vx = 30% of Px ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Vy = 100% of Py ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Since Xcr = Xcm and the force Vy is the force producing the greater effect;
(1) ex = eccentricity of the force Vy for accidental torsion
= 0.05Lx
= 0.05*100
= 5 = 5 ft (measured either on the left or on the right of the center of mass)
Mty = Vyex
= 21,133*5 = 105,665 lbs-ft
When the 5% displacement of the center of mass is considered at the right side of the
center of rigidity as shown in Figure 3(a), the moment Mty increases the lateral load on Wall
1, Wall 2, and Wall 4; while it decreases the lateral load on Wall 3 and Wall 5.
When the 5% displacement of the center of mass is considered at the left side of the center
of rigidity as shown in Figure 3(b), the moment Mty increases the lateral load on Wall 3 and
Wall 5; while it decreases the lateral load on Wall 1, Wall 2, and Wall 4.
Page 10 of 25
(2) ey = eccentricity of the force Vx for inherent torsion
= Ycr Ycm
= 13.667 25
= -11.333 = 11.333 ft (measured downwards from the center of mass)
Mtx = Vxey
= 6,340*11.333 = 71,851 lbs-ft
The moment Mtx increases the lateral load on Wall 3 and Wall 5; while it decreases the
lateral load on Wall 1, Wall 2, and Wall 4.
(a) Center of mass considered at the right side of the center of rigidity
(b) Center of mass considered at the left side of the center of rigidity
Figure 3 Loads on Walls in Case 1-b
Page 11 of 25
Table 5 Loading Details for Shear Walls in X-Direction Case 1-b
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi
Wall Figure 3(a) Figure 3(b)
(lbs) (lbs-ft) (lbs-ft) (lbs-ft) (lbs) (lbs)
1 2,113 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 75 2,188
2 2,113 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 75 2,188
5 2,113 71,851 -105,665 105,665 787 2,900
Table 6 Loading Details for Shear Walls in Y-Direction Case 1-b
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi
3 10,566 71,851 -105,665 105,665 1,479 12,045
4 10,566 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 282 10,848
3.8 Loads on Walls for Case 2-a

Vx = 100% of Px ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Vy = 30% of Py ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Similar to the calculations in Section 3.6 (for Case 1-a);

(1) Mtx = 292,333 lbs-ft
Page 12 of 25
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi

Wall
(lbs) (lbs-ft) (lbs) (lbs)
1 7,044 -292,333 -648 7,044
2 7,044 -292,333 -648 7,044
5 7,044 292,333 1,296 8,340
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi

Wall
3 3,170 -292,333 -2,436 3,170
4 3,170 292,333 2,436 5,606
Page 13 of 25
Vx = 30% of Px ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Vy = 100% of Py ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Similar to the calculations in Section 3.7 (for Case 1-b);

(1) Mty = 21,133*5 = 105,665 lbs-ft
center of rigidity as shown in Figure 5(a), the moment Mty decreases the lateral load on Wall
1, Wall 2, and Wall 3; while it increases the lateral load on Wall 4 and Wall 5.
of rigidity as shown in Figure 5(b), the moment Mty increases the lateral load on Wall 1, Wall
2, and Wall 3; while it decreases the lateral load on Wall 4 and Wall 5.
(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

Page 14 of 25
Loading details for each wall in X-direction can be shown in Table 9, while those for each wall in
Y-direction can be shown in Table 10.
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi
1 2,113 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 75 2,188
2 2,113 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 75 2,188
5 2,113 71,851 105,665 -105,665 787 2,900
Page 15 of 25
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi
3 10,566 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 282 10,848
4 10,566 71,851 105,665 -105,665 1,479 12,045

Vx = 100% of Px ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Vy = 30% of Py ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()

(1) Mtx = 292,333 lbs-ft
Page 16 of 25
Vxi-D Mtx Mty Vxi-T Vxi

Wall
1 7,044 -292,333 0 -648 7,044
2 7,044 -292,333 0 -648 7,044
5 7,044 292,333 0 1,296 8,340
Vyi-D Mtx Mty Vyi-T Vyi

Wall
3 3,170 -292,333 0 -2,436 3,170
4 3,170 292,333 0 2,436 5,606

Vx = 30% of Px ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Vy = 100% of Py ()
= 21,133 lbs ()

(1) Mty = 105,665 lbs-ft
center of rigidity as shown in Figure 7(a), the moment Mty decreases the lateral load on Wall
1, Wall 2, and Wall 3; while it increases the lateral load on Wall 4 and Wall 5.
of rigidity as shown in Figure 7(b), the moment Mty increases the lateral load on Wall 1, Wall
2, and Wall 3; while it decreases the lateral load on Wall 4 and Wall 5.
(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

Page 17 of 25
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi
1 2,113 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 75 2,188
2 2,113 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 75 2,188
5 2,113 71,851 105,665 -105,665 787 2,900
Page 18 of 25
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi
3 10,566 -71,851 -105,665 105,665 282 10,848
4 10,566 71,851 105,665 -105,665 1,479 12,045

Vx = 100% of Px ()
= 21,133 lbs ()
Vy = 30% of Py ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()

(1) Mtx = 292,333 lbs-ft

Page 19 of 25
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi

Wall
1 7,044 -292,333 -648 7,044
2 7,044 -292,333 -648 7,044
5 7,044 292,333 1,296 8,340
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi

Wall
3 3,170 292,333 2,436 5,606
4 3,170 -292,333 -2,436 3,170

Vx = 30% of Px ()
= 0.3*21,133 = 6,340 lbs ()
Vy = 100% of Py ()
= 21,133 lbs ()

(1) Mty = 105,665 lbs-ft
center of rigidity as shown in Figure 9(a), the moment Mty increases the lateral load on Wall
1, Wall 2, and Wall 4; while it decreases the lateral load on Wall 3 and Wall 5.
of rigidity as shown in Figure 9(b), the moment Mty decreases the lateral load on Wall 1,
Wall 2, and Wall 4; while it increases the lateral load on Wall 3 and Wall 5.
(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

Page 20 of 25
Loading details for each wall in X-direction can be shown in Table 17, while those for each wall in
Y-direction can be shown in Table 18.
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi
1 2,113 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 75 2,188
2 2,113 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 75 2,188
5 2,113 71,851 -105,665 105,665 787 2,900
Page 21 of 25
Mty(0) Mty(1)
Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi
3 10,566 71,851 -105,665 105,665 1,479 12,045
4 10,566 -71,851 105,665 -105,665 282 10,848
3.14 Maximum Loads on Walls

The maximum load can be calculated on each wall in X-direction in accordance with Table 19,
and on each wall in Y-direction in accordance with Table 20.
Table 19 Maximum Loads on Shear Walls in X-Direction
Total Lateral Load on Shear Walls in X-Direction

Wall (Case 1-a) (Case 1-b) (Case 2-a) (Case 2-b) (Case 3-a) (Case 3-b) (Case 4-a) (Case 4-b) Max Vxi
(lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs)
1 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044
2 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044 2,188 7,044
5 8,340 2,900 8,340 2,900 8,340 2,900 8,340 2,900 8,340
Table 20 Maximum Loads on Shear Walls in Y-Direction
Total Lateral Load on Shear Walls in Y-Direction

Wall (Case 1-a) (Case 1-b) (Case 2-a) (Case 2-b) (Case 3-a) (Case 3-b) (Case 4-a) (Case 4-b) Max Vyi
(lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs) (lbs)
3 5,606 12,045 3,170 10,848 3,170 10,848 5,606 12,045 12,045
5 3,170 10,848 5,606 12,045 5,606 12,045 3,170 10,848 12,045
Page 22 of 25
4. Verification of SteelSmart System
Page 23 of 25
Page 24 of 25
Page 25 of 25

Lateral Load Distribution On Shear Walls - Example

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Verification Manual

Lateral Load Distribution on Shear

Figure 1 Building Layout

Table 1 Shear Walls Data

Wall X (ft) Y (ft) Stiffness (R)

Wall dx (ft) dy (ft)

3.5 Definitions of Symbols

3.6 Loads on Walls in Case 1-a

(2) No torsional moment will be developed due to Vy.

Figure 2 Loads on Walls in Case 1-a

Vxi-D Mtx Mty Vxi-T Vxi

Vyi-D Mtx Mty Vyi-T Vyi

3.7 Loads on Walls for Case 1-b

3.8 Loads on Walls for Case 2-a

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.6 (for Case 1-a);

(2) No torsional moment will be developed due to Vy.

Table 7 Loading Details for Shear Walls in X-Direction Case 2-a

Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi

Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.7 (for Case 1-b);

(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

3.10 Loads on Walls for Case 3-a

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.6 (for Case 1-a);

(2) No torsional moment will be developed due to Vy.

Figure 6 Loads on Walls in Case 3-a

Vxi-D Mtx Mty Vxi-T Vxi

Vyi-D Mtx Mty Vyi-T Vyi

3.11 Loads on Walls for Case 3-b

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.7 (for Case 1-b);

(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

3.12 Loads on Walls for Case 4-a

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.6 (for Case 1-a);

(2) No torsional moment will be developed due to Vy.

Figure 8 Loads on Walls in Case 4-a

Vxi-D Mtx Vxi-T Vxi

Vyi-D Mtx Vyi-T Vyi

3.13 Loads on Walls for Case 4-b

Similar to the calculations in Section 3.7 (for Case 1-b);

(2) Mtx = 71,851 lbs-ft

3.14 Maximum Loads on Walls

Table 19 Maximum Loads on Shear Walls in X-Direction

Total Lateral Load on Shear Walls in X-Direction

Total Lateral Load on Shear Walls in Y-Direction

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