Data can be stored in various places

Where???

• Database (MSSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQLite etc)

Where???

• Database (MSSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQLite etc)

• XML
Where???

• Database (MSSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQLite etc)

• XML
• File  (Access, Excel etc)
Where???

• Database (MSSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQLite etc)

• XML
• File  (Access, Excel etc)
• RAM ( Object, Array etc)
But..How can we interact with
these data?
To work with database, we need

• Connection
• Query
• Execution procedure etc
Working with ADO.NET

• DataTable
• DataSet 
• SqlDataAdapter etc
Working with RAM data

• Create user defined class

• Load its properties with data
So? Whats the point?

Different working procedure with

different syntax
             Find out the differences

            var query = from             var query = from

studentObject in students studentObject in db.students
            select studentObject;             select studentObject;
             Find out the differences

            var query = from             var query = from

studentObject in students studentObject in db.students
         select studentObject;             select studentObject;

The left query is used to select data from a list of

students and the right query is used to retrieve data
from student table of a database. But the syntax is
almost same. 

Amazing. Isn't it?

 LINQ

Language Integrated Query

 Who Am I?

NO. I am not talking about the

Movie of Jackie Chan
 Foyzul Karim (Foysal)
Graduated from RUET at May 2009

• Currently
o Programmer, Databiz Software Limited
o Do Outsourcing
• Previously
o Assistant Trainer of BASIS 
o Newage Infotech Services Limited
o Liveoutsource Limited
What will you get from today's class?

• Basic knowledge of LINQ

• Can start working on LINQ (Important)
How it works?

In simplified english: In syntax:

From variable in Source from customer in Customers

How it works?

In simplified english: In syntax:

From variable in Source from customer in Customers

where the condition is true where customer.Name ==
"Foysal"
How it works?

In simplified english: In syntax:

from variable in Source from customer in Customers

where the condition is true where customer.Name ==
select data "Foysal"
select customer
Types of LINQ

• LINQ to Object
• LINQ to SQL
• LINQ to XML
Today's topics

• LINQ to Object
• LINQ to SQL 
LINQ To Object
Initialization Expression:

By using an object initialization expression, we can initialize

an object without calling its constructor and not setting its
properties.
Initialization Expression:

By using an object initialization expression, we can initialize

an object without calling its constructor and not setting its
properties.

Standard object initialization

Student student=new
Student();
student.Id = "001";
student.Name = "Foysal";
student.Address = "Dhaka";
Initialization Expression:

By using an object initialization expression, we can initialize

an object without calling its constructor and not setting its
properties.

Standard object initialization Initialization expression

Student student=new Student student = new

Student(); Student
student.Id = "001"; {Id = "001", Name = "Foysal",
student.Name = "Foysal"; Address = "Dhaka"};
student.Address = "Dhaka";
Anonymous types

By using the anonymous type, we don't have to create a

prototype (or we can call it as a class) of our required data
out of many of them.
Anonymous types

By using the anonymous type, we don't have to create a

prototype (or we can call it as a class) of our required data
out of many of them.

Example:
new {studentObject.Name,studentObject.Address};

The compiler will create a class for our selected values.

 Working with LINQ

Click LinqSourceObjects to get the class library

Restriction Operator : Where

By this operator, we filter the source of data according to

our need.
Example:
Primitive data types:
var selectedNames = from name in names
                                    where name.Length == 6
                                    select name;

User defined data types:

var selectedStudents = from student in students
                                       where student.Name.Length == 6
                                       select student;
 

Practice:
1. Get the student list who live in Shamoli.
– Get the names which has the length of more than 6
How to work well in .NET

To work better with a tool, you must know what can you do
with that tool. Remember, Language (C# for example) is
just a tool for your coding. So, you have to know what can
you do with this tool.

Linq provides a lot of methods to work on. I am giving

another example of restriction operator in the upcoming
slide.
Restriction Operator : Where (Continuted)

Another Example:
Primitive data types:
var selectedNames =  from name in names
                                   where name.EndsWith("l")
                                      select name;

User defined data types:

var selectedStudents = from student in students
                                   where student.Name.StartsWith("S")
                                       select student;
 

Practice:
1. Find the names which contains the string sequence of
"on"
– Find the student list who has address containing the
string sequence of "li"
Projection Operator: Select

By this operator, we select our data in different ways.

Example:
Primitive data types:
var selectedNames = from name in names
                        where name.Contains("Foysal")
                        select name;
User defined data types:
var selectedStudents = from student in students
                                       where student.Department=="CSE"
                                       select student.Name;
Projection Operator: Select (Continued)

Example:
Primitive data types:
var selectedStudents = from student in students
                                  from course in student.CourseTaken
                            
where course.CourseName.StartsWith("C")
                                  select student;
User defined data types:
var selectedStudents = from student in students
                                  from course in student.CourseTaken
                            where
course.CourseName.StartsWith("C")
                                 select 
                              new {student.Name,
course.CourseName};
 

Practice:
1. Find the courses which are taken by the students who
lives in Shamoli.
2. Find the course Credit of the courses which are taken by
the students whose name are 6 character long.
What else we can do with it?
There are several more operator in LINQ. Such as:
• Partitioning Operators
• Ordering Operators 
• Grouping Operators 
• Set Operators 
• Conversion Operators 
• Element Operators 
• Generation Operators 
What else we can do with it? (Cont.)
• Quantifiers
• Aggregate Operators 
• Miscellaneous Operators
• Custom Sequence Operators
• Query Execution
• Join Operators
• Utility Routines
LINQ To SQL
Why "LINQ To SQL"?

LINQ to SQL provides a runtime infrastructure for

managing relational data as objects without losing the
ability to query.
[MSDN]

LINQ allows us to access and modify the database tables by

our programming language in object oriented way. 
Step 1: Add a "LINQ to SQL" class
Step 2: Drag and Drop Tables to your
Project
Step 3: Start working :)

• Add a Gateway/DAL class to perform operations on

database (UniversityDAL.cs)
• Create an object of the added "LINQ to SQL" class
(BASISOOP0124DataClasses.dbml)
• Start doing things you like. ;)
CRUD Operations: Insert

                t_Student studentObject = new t_Student();

                studentObject.id = "001";
                studentObject.name = "foysal";
                studentObject.batch = "2004";
                studentObject.departmentId = "cse";
                odb.t_Students.InsertOnSubmit(studentObject);
                odb.SubmitChanges();
CRUD Operations: Update

            var tempStudent = from student in odb.t_Students

                              where student.id == "001"
                              select student;
            if (tempStudent.Count()>0)
            {
                t_Student studentObject = tempStudent.First();
        
                studentObject.name = "Karim";
                studentObject.batch = "2004";
                studentObject.departmentId = "cse";               
                odb.SubmitChanges();
            }
CRUD Operations: Delete

            var tempStudent = from student in odb.t_Students

                              where student.id == "001"
                              select student;
            if (tempStudent.Count()>0)
            {
                t_Student studentObject = tempStudent.First();
        
                odb.t_Students.DeleteOnSubmit(studentObject);
                odb.SubmitChanges();
            }
CRUD Operations: Select
        public IQueryable<t_Student> GetStudents()
        {
            BASISOOP0124DataClassesDataContext odb= 
                         new
BASISOOP0124DataClassesDataContext();                            
                                                
                                                
                                                
                  var students = from student in odb.t_Students
 select student;
            return students;
        }

            var students = universityDALObject.GetStudents();

            foreach (t_Student student in students)
Joining
            var query = from student in odb.t_Students
                        join course in odb.t_Courses on
student.courseId equals course.id
                        select new
                        {
                            StudentName = student.name,
                            CourseName = course.name
                        };
            foreach (var variable in query)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Student Name: " +
variable.CourseName + "\t Course Name: " +
variable.CourseName);
            }
Now its time to Digg

 
Go back to slide 41 and then return

• Selected class from the  

image at right
(BASISOOP0124DataCla
sses.dbml) contains the
DataContext class we
have used in our previous
slides to query on the
database tables and
columns.
The DataContext

• The purpose of the DataContext is to translate your

requests for objects into SQL queries made against the
database and then assemble objects out of the results.
•  The DataContext enables language-integrated query by
implementing the same operator pattern as the standard
query operators such as Where and Select.
 Thats all for now.

Questions???
Or Feel free to mail me if you have questions