Installation of Overhead Transmission Lines

RESTRICTED Document ID : SP-1101 (ERD-63-04) Ver-2
May 2008 Filing key : Business Control
Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

Electrical Infrastructure
Specification for Installation of

Overhead Transmission Lines
User Note:
The requirements of this document are mandatory. Non-compliance shall only be authorised by the
Document Owner or his Delegate through STEP-OUT approval.
A controlled copy of the current version of this document is on PDO's EDMS. Before making reference
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Version: 2.0
Petroleum Development Oman LLC Effective: May-08
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The controlled version of this CMF Document resides online in Livelink. Printed copies are UNCONTROLLED.
Version: 2.0
ii Revision History
The following is a brief summary of the 4 most recent revisions to this document. Details of all revisions
prior to these are held on file by the issuing department.
Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

Version 0 Nov 86 BEB/4 Original issued as ERD-63-04
Version 1.0 June 99 Ali Al Raisi, Converted to Specification as per PDO Policy
OIE/23 Cascade & minor changes to the text.
Version 2.0 May 08 Said Al Shuley, Generally updated.
UIE/6
iii Related Business Processes

Cod Business Process (EPBM 4.0)
e

Version: 2.0
Contents
1. Introduction...............................................................................................................7
1.1 PURPOSE.................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CODES ........................... 7
1.2.1 PDO Standards............................................................................................................... 7
1.2.2 SIOP/SIEP Standards..................................................................................................... 8
1.2.3 International Standards .................................................................................................. 8
1.3 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS ..................................................................... 12
1.4 ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED FOR APPROVAL............ 13
2. Scope.........................................................................................................................13
2.1 GENERAL................................................................................................................. 14
2.1.1 Access to Site............................................................................................................... 14
2.2 SITE PRELIMINARIES AND PREPARATORY WORKS..................................... 14
2.2.1 Soil Investigations........................................................................................................ 14
2.2.2 Line Route Survey ....................................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.1 Centre Line Survey ............................................................................................ 14
2.2.2.2 Detail Survey, line profiles and structure spotting............................................. 15
2.2.2.3 Clearances.......................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2.4 Structure schedule.............................................................................................. 16
2.2.3 Route Clearance ........................................................................................................... 16
2.2.3.1 Vegetation.......................................................................................................... 16
2.2.4 Pegging Out ................................................................................................................. 16
2.2.5 Crossings...................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.5.1 Road and Service Crossings .............................................................................. 17
2.2.5.2 Other Crossings ................................................................................................. 17
2.3 LINE ERECTION ..................................................................................................... 17
2.3.1 Safety ........................................................................................................................... 17
2.3.2. Erection of Wooden Poles Lines.................................................................................. 18
2.3.2.1 Handling, Transportation and Storage of Wooden Poles................................... 18
2.3.2.2 Erection of Wooden Poles ................................................................................ 18
2.3.2.2.1 Preparation............................................................................................... 18
2.3.2.2.2 Sub-assemblies ........................................................................................ 19
2.3.2.2.3 Structure erection and alignment ............................................................. 19
2.3.2.2.4 Wooden Poles Foundations ..................................................................... 19
2.3.2.2.5 Stays......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.2.3 Earthing and Bonding of Poles .......................................................................... 20
2.3.3 Erection of Lines with Lattice Steel Towers................................................................ 20
2.3.3.1 Foundations for Lattice Steel Towers ................................................................ 20
2.3.3.1.1 General......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.3.1.2 Site Preparation............................................................................................ 21
2.3.3.1.3 Concrete....................................................................................................... 21
2.3.3.1.4 Cement ......................................................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.5 Reinforcing Steel ......................................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.6 Excavation and Backfilling.......................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.7 Installation of Foundations .......................................................................... 22
2.3.3.1.8 Bored Piles Installation ................................................................................ 23
2.3.3.1.9 Protection of Foundations............................................................................ 24
2.3.3.2 Erection of Lattice Steel Towers........................................................................ 24
2.3.3.2.1 General..................................................................................................... 24
2.3.3.2.2 Handling and Storage of Steel Towers .................................................... 24
Version: 2.0
2.3.3.2.3 Erection of Steel Towers ......................................................................... 25

2.3.3.2.4 Tolerances for Installation of Steel Towers............................................. 26
2.3.3.3 Aircraft Warning Painting ................................................................................. 26
2.3.3.3.1 General .................................................................................................... 26
2.3.3.3.2 Surface Preparation ................................................................................. 27
2.3.3.3.3 Preparation of coating materials.............................................................. 27
2.3.3.3.4 Painting of Steel Towers ......................................................................... 27
2.3.3.3.5 Responsibilities and Guarantees.............................................................. 28
2.3.4 Conductor Stringing .................................................................................................... 28
2.3.4.1 Preparation ........................................................................................................ 28
2.3.4.2 Equipment and Tools......................................................................................... 29
2.3.4.3 Drum Lengths and Joints................................................................................... 30
2.3.4.4 Conductor Damage............................................................................................ 30
2.3.4.5 Stringing Procedure........................................................................................... 31
2.3.4.6 Sags and Tensions ............................................................................................. 31
2.4 INSPECTION AND TESTING ................................................................................. 32
2.4.1 Tests During Erection.................................................................................................. 32
2.4.1.1 Conductor Joint Tests ........................................................................................ 32
2.4.1.2 Cable Tests ........................................................................................................ 32
2.4.2 Inspection .................................................................................................................... 33
2.4.2.1 Inspection During Erection ............................................................................... 33
2.4.2.2 Final Inspection ................................................................................................. 33
2.4.3 Pre-Commissioning Tests............................................................................................ 33
2.5 MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................... 34
2.6 CHECK SHEETS AND SCHEDULES..................................................................... 34
2.6.1. Overhead Lines on Wooden Poles .............................................................................. 34
2.6.2. Overhead Lines with Lattice Steel Towers.................................................................. 34
2.7 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS........................................................................................... 35
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A : GLOSSARY OF DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.......................... 36
SP USER-COMMENT FORM .................................................................................................................. 37

Version: 2.0
1. Introduction
1.1 PURPOSE
This Specification is applicable to 132 and 33 kV overhead lines constructed using wood poles
and steel lattice towers.
Specifications SP-1114A and SP-1114B and SP-1102 specify the design basis for 132 and 33 kV
overhead lines and include detailed general arrangement drawings for all types of structures. It
shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that lines are profiled and the structures are
spotted in such a way that the standard design limits are not exceeded.
1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CODES

The following Standards, specifications and codes should be consulted when applying the
requirement of this Standard. All listed documents shall be latest issue except those documents
prescribed by date.
1.2.1 PDO Standards

HSESM Health Safety and Environmental Protection Standards Manual
ERD-00-05 Handover and As built Documentation.
ERD-00-06 Preparation & Content of Engineering Drawings
ERD-00-14 Project drawing Procedures.
ERD-11-02 Site Selection and Soil Investigation Manual.
ERD-19-07 Civil & Building Guide to Concrete
SP-1011 Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Lines.
SR-1099 Specification for Electrical Installation Practice.
SP-1100 Specification for Testing and Commissioning of Electrical Equipment
SP-1102 Specification for Design of 33 kV Overhead Power Lines.
SP-1103 Specification for Electrical Engineering Guidelines
(Amendment/supplement to DEP 33.64.10.10.)
SP-1104 Electrical Safety Rules.
SP-1105 Electrical Standard Drawings.
SP-1106 Specification for Coding and Identification of Overhead Line Systems
SP-1107 Electrical Protection Systems.
SP-1108 Electrical safety Operating Procedures.
SP-1109 Specification for Earthing and Bonding.
SP-1111 Specification for Temporary Electrical Supplies for Construction &
Maintenance Work.
SP-1114A Specification for Design of 132kV Overhead Power Lines on Wooden
Poles.
SP-1114B Specification for Design of 132/220kV Overhead Power Lines on Steel
Towers.
SP-1127 Layout and spacing of Plant Equipment and Facilities.
Version: 2.0
SP-1131 Handover & As-Built Documentation.

SP-1171 Specification for Quality Assurance of Design, Construction and
Engineering Works
1.2.2 SIOP/SIEP Standards

DEP 33.64.10.10-Gen Electrical Engineering Guidelines.
DEP 34.11.00.11-Gen Site Preparation and Earthworks.
DEP 63.10.08.11-Gen Field Commissioning & Maintenance of Electrical Installation and
Equipment.
DEP 34.11.00.10-Gen Site Investigation
1.2.3 International Standards

1. Design of Overhead Lines
IEEE ANSI C2 - 2002 National Electrical Safety Code.
ASCE No. 74 Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading
DIN VDE 0210 Planning and Design of OHTL with Rated Voltage above 1 kV
EN 50341 Overhead Electrical Lines Exceeding AC 45kV
IEEE:524:1992 Guide to Installation of Overhead Transmission Line Conductors.
ICAO International Standards and Recommended Practices
AERODROMES Annex 14 to the Convention of International Civil
Aviation, Volume 1, Aerodrome Design and Operations, Chapter 6,
Visual Aids for Denoting Obstacles.
+Aerodrome design manual paragraph 14.7, Obstacle lighting high-
tension overhead wires
Air Navigation Services-Aircraft Operation (PANSOPS doc.8168)
2. Steel Lattice Towers for Overhead Lines

ASCE 10-97 Design of Latticed Steel Transmission Structures
ASCE Manual No. 52 Design of lattice steel towers - Code of practice for strength assessment
of members of lattice towers and masts
ASTM A 36 Standard Specifications for Structural Steel.
ASTM A 394 Standard Specification for zinc coated steel transmission tower bolts.
ASTM A 572 High Strength Structural Steel, Grade 50
ASTM A588/588M-94 Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with
50ksi (345Mpa) Minimum Yield Point.
BS 4:Part 1-1993 Structural Steel Sections. Specification for Hot-Rolled Sections
BS 729:1971(1986) Specification for Hot Dip Galvanised Coatings on Iron and Steel Articles.
BS 3436 Specification for ingot zinc
BS 3643:Part 2-1998 ISO Metric Screw Threads
BS 4102-1998 Barbed Wire
BS 4190 : 2001 ISO Metric Black Hexagon Bolts, Screws and Nuts-Specification
BS 4360 Specification for Weldable Structural Steel
Version: 2.0
BS 4464-1998 Specification for Spring Washers for general engineering and automobile
purposes-Metric Series
BS 4848:Part 4 Specification for Hot Rolled Structural Steel Section. Equal and
unequal angles
BS 4872:Part 1:1999 Specification for approval testing of welders when welding procedure
approval is not required Fusion welding of steel
BS 5135:1984 Specification for arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels
BS 5493:1977 Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against
corrosion
BS 5950-1:2000 Structural Use of Steelwork in Building.
BS 7361-6 Coatings on Metal Fasteners - PART 6: Specification for Hot Dipped
Galvanized Coatings
BS DD133 Code of Practice for Strength Assessment of Members of Lattice Towers
and Masts
BS EN 1990:2002 Eurocode Basis of structural design
BS EN 10025:1993 Specification for hot-rolled products of non-alloy structural steels and
their technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10029:1991 Specification for tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass for hot-rolled
steel plates 3 mm thick or above.
BS EN 10056-2-1993 Specification for structural steel equal and unequal leg angle. Tolerances
on shape and dimensions
BS EN 10113-1993 Hot-rolled products in weldable fine grain structural steels
BS EN 10155:1993 Structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance.
Technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10163-1991 Specification for Delivery Requirements for Surface Conditions of Hot-
Rolled Steel Plate, Wide Flats and Sections
BS-EN-ISO-1461-1999 Specification for Hot Dip Galvanising of Structural Steel.
IEC 60652/2002 Testing of Towers
IEC 60826 Loading and strength of overhead transmission lines
ISO 1459:1973 Metallic coatings Protection against corrosion by hot-dip galvanizing
Guiding principles
IEEE Std. 951-1988 Guide to the Assembly and Erection of Metal Transmission Structures.
3. Foundations
BS 8004:1986 Code of practice for foundations
BS 8081-1989 Ground anchorage
BS 8110-P1-1997 Code of practice for design and construction
DIN 1045 Concrete, reinforced and prestressed concrete structures
DIN 4014 Bored piles, construction procedure, design and bearing behavior
IEC 1277 Full scale test on foundations
IEC 61773/1996 Overhead lines - Testing of foundations for structures
IEEE Std. 977-1991 Guide to installation of Foundations for Transmission Line Structures.

Version: 2.0
4. Phase Conductors & ACS Shieldwire

ASTM A 123-89a Standard Specifications for Zinc (Hot- Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron
and Steel Products.
ASTM 399-82 Concentric lay stranded aluminium alloy 6201-T81
ASTM 399-90 Standard specification for aluminium alloy 6201-T81 wire for electrical
purposes
ASTM B415:1992 Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Aluminum-Clad Steel Wire
ASTM B416:1988 Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Aluminum Clad-Steel
Conductors
BS 443:1982(1990) Specification for testing zinc coatings on steel wire and for quality
requirements
BS 1490:1988 Specification for aluminium and aluminium alloy ingots and castings for
general engineering purposes
BS 3242-1970 Specification for Aluminium Alloy stranded Conductor for Overhead
Power Transmission.
BS EN 50182:2001 Conductors for overhead lines - Round wire concentric lay stranded
conductors.
CIGRE - Electra No. 75 Permanent Elongation of Conductors - Predictor Equation and Evaluation
Methods
DIN 46391 Delivery Drums for Conductors
IEC 60104 Aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy wire for OHTL
IEC 60888 Zinc-coated steel wires for stranded conductors
IEC 61089:1997 Amdt.1 1997 Round wire concentric lay overhead electrical stranded
conductors
IEC 61089:1991 Round wire Concentric Lay Overhead Electrical Stranded Conductors.
IEC 61232:1993 Aluminum Clad-Steel Wire for Electrical Purposes
IEEE 738 IEEE Standard for the calculation of Current Temperature Relationship of
Bare Overhead Conductors.
5. Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW)

BS EN 187000-1994 Generic specification for optical fibre cables
BS EN 188000-1994 Generic specification for optical fibre cables
EIA 492A Generic Specification for Optical Waveguide Fibers
EIA 472A Sectional Specification for Fiber Optic Communication Cables for
Outside Aerial Use
EIA/TIA-455 Standard Test Procedures for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers,
Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices and other Fiber Optic
Components
IEC 60304 Colour coding of fibers
IEC 60793 Optical Fibers
IEC 60794 Optical Fiber Cables. Generic and production specifications.

Version: 2.0
IEEE 1138 Standard Construction of Composite Fiber Optic Overhead Ground Wire
(OPGW) for use on Electric Utility Power Lines
IEEE:P1138 Specification for optical fibre ground wire (OPGW)
ITU-T G.650 Definition and test methods for the relative parameters of single mode
fibers
ITU-T G.652 Characteristics of a Single-Mode Optical Fiber Cable
ITU-T G.655 Characteristics of Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted Single-Mode Optical
Fibers
6. Insulator Strings & Conductor Fittings

ANSI C29.11 Composite Suspension Insulators for Overhead Transmission Lines -
Tests
ASTM 153/153M-95 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot- Dip Galvanized) on Iron and Steel
Hardware.
ASTM A 563 Nuts for Bolted Connections
BS 3100:1991 Specification for steel castings for general engineering purposes
BS 3288 Part 1:1997 Insulator and conductor fittings for Overhead Power Lines. Performance
and general requirements
BS 3288 Part 2:1990 Specification for a range of fittings.
BS 3288 Part 3:1989 Dimensions of ball and socket couplings of string insulator units.
BS 3288 Part 4:1989 Locking devices for ball and socking couplings of string insulator units:
dimensions and tests.
BS EN 60383-2:1995 Insulator strings & insulator sets for a.c. systems. Definitions, test method
and acceptance criteria
CISPR 18-2:1986: Part 2 Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-
voltage equipment. Methods of measurement and procedure for
determining limits.
DIN/VDE 0212 Fittings for overhead lines and switchgear, Part 50 to 53
DIN 48006 Insulators of overhead lines: long rod insulators
DIN 48062-2 Overhead Lines, clevis caps for insulators
DIN 48069-1 Double eyes; without protective fitting attachment; for overhead power
lines
DIN 48069-2 Double eyes; with protective fitting attachment; for overhead power lines
DIN 48070-1 Triangular yokes for overhead power lines
DIN 48073 Clevis-tongue couplings Safety devices
DIN 48074 Eyes and clevises; connecting dimensions
DIN 48075 Parallel groove clamps for aluminium stranded conductors and for
aluminium conductors steel-reinforced for overhead power lines
DIN 48078-1 Clevis straps for overhead lines; for coupling to connecting bolts on the
strap side
DIN 48215 Clamps and Connectors for Overhead Power Lines
DIN 48334 Turnbuckles for overhead power lines
IEC 60060-1 High voltage test techniques
Version: 2.0
IEC 60120 Dimension of Ball and Socket couplings of String Insulator Units.
IEC 60383 Insulators for overhead lines with nominal voltage above 1000 V
IEC 60433:1998 Characteristics of String Insulator Units of the Long Rod type.
IEC 60437:1997 Radio interference test on high voltage insulators
IEC 60471:1977 Dimensions of clevis and tongue coupling of string insulator units
IEC 60507:1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.
systems
IEC 60587:1984 Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical
insulating materials under severe ambient conditions
IEC 60707:1999 Method of test for the determination of the flammability of solid electrical
insulating materials when exposed to an igniting source
IEC 60815:1986 Guide for selection of Insulators in respect of Polluted Conditions.
IEC 61109:1992 Composite Insulators for a.c. Overhead Lines with a nominal voltage
greater than 1000 V Definitions, test methods and acceptable tests. (&
Amendment 1)
IEC 61854 Requirements and Tests for Spacers
IEC 61284 Overhead lines, Requirements and tests for fittings
IEC 61466 Composite string insulator units for overhead lines with a nominal
voltage greater than 1000 V, parts 1 and 2
IEEE 4 Standard Techniques for High Voltage Testing
IEEE Report PAS-85 Standardisation of conductor vibration measurements
IEEE:PAS-85:l966 Vibration intensity of conductors.
ISO 1460:1992 Metallic coatings Hot dip galvanised coatings on ferrous materials
Gravimetric
ISO 1461:1973 Metallic coatings Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated ferrous
products Requirements
7. Earthing
BS 7430-1998 Code of Practice for Earthing.
BS EN 1654:1998 Copper and copper alloys. Strip for springs and connectors
DIN/VDE 0141 VDE-specification for earthing in installations of rated voltages above
1 kV a.c.
DIN 48088 Earth Clamping Bolts
IEEE 1048 IEEE Guide for Protective Grounding of Power Lines.
IEEE Std. 5241-1993 Guide to Grounding During the Installation of Overhead Transmission
Line Conductors
1.3 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS

All requirements of this Specification shall apply except where equipment Manufacturer's
standards are more stringent, then the latter shall apply.
For any deviations from this Specification, the Contractor shall obtain the written agreement of
PDO prior to execution of the related engineering work.

Version: 2.0
In all cases the Company shall determine the adequacy of design carried out and Works executed
by the Contractor in accordance with this Specification.
1.4 ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED FOR APPROVAL

1. Line route drawing and maps
2. Structure schedule
3. Method statement for soil investigations
4. Method statement for erection of the wooden pole structures foundations
5. Method statement for erection of the wooden poles structures
6. Method statement for erection of the lattice steel towers foundations
7. Method statement for erection of the lattice steel towers
8. Method statement for stringing of phase conductors
9. Method statement for painting of lattice steel towers
10. Method statement for installation of OPGW and/or Fiber Optic Cables (ADSS) and splicing
in joint boxes
11. Method statement for galvanization reparations
12. Method statement for protection of the foundations (including protective painting, gabions
protection etc.)
13. Method statement for tests on piles/foundations
14. Installation criteria for structures foundations (including tower diagonal profiles, tower
platforms, foundation/chimney extensions etc.)
15. Site test programs
16. Site test details and site test procedures
17. Final route records for overhead transmission line
18. Final result of earthing measurement
19. Site check lists and test reports
20. Project completion report.

Version: 2.0
2. Scope
2.1 GENERAL
This standard defines the requirements for the installation of overhead transmission lines with
wood pole supports as well as the lattice steel towers as applied to PDO installations.
The following sections define in brief the basic requirements.
2.1.1 Access to Site

The Company shall provide facilities for:
Such right of access along the route of the line as the Company agrees is necessary to enable
the Contractor to proceed with erection.
The right to construct and make use of a reasonable width of access road along the route for
the transport of materials and installation works, except at places where the Company
considers that construction of access roads are not practically feasible.
The right to transport material from adjacent road on to each continuous length of the route at
agreed points of access.
After obtaining preliminary approval of the Company, the Contractor shall at an early stage of the
Contract prepare access road drawings/maps indicating the access roads both along the line route
and from the existing roads. The Contractor shall obtain route approvals from all the concerned
local authorities (where required) and from the Company.
Once the Company approves the access roads, the Contractor shall not use any other access
without the specific approval of the Company.
The access roads shall be suitable for patrol and maintenance to all parts of the finished line
except in the areas where the Company considers provision of access roads are not practical.
The Contractor shall regularly liase with the Company Public Relations Department at all times
throughout the construction to ensure minimal disruption of the local population.
2.2 SITE PRELIMINARIES AND PREPARATORY WORKS
2.2.1 Soil Investigations

The Contractor shall be responsible for conducting his own soil investigations, to the satisfaction
of the Company, to determine the nature of ground conditions for the design of foundations (refer
to ERD-11-02.).
The Contractor shall also carry out obtain soil resistivity data during the soil investigations to
determine the type and extent of earthing required at to determine the support-footing resistance
and the requirement of counterpoise earthing.
2.2.2 Line Route Survey
2.2.2.1 Centre Line Survey

Centre line survey is a preliminary survey which fixes the proposed line route, angle and terminal
points. Normally the Company carries out preliminary survey and issues preliminary line route
drawings with the tender. The Contractor shall check the line route with reference to preliminary
route drawings and shall follow the route shown in the drawings. If a change in route is required
for any practical reason, approval should be obtained from the Company.

Version: 2.0
2.2.2.2 Detail Survey, line profiles and structure spotting

The Contractor shall carryout a detailed precision survey for plotting ground and line profiles.
While carrying out this work the following points shall be adhered to:
The survey shall be carried out using instruments with accuracy within the permissible limits.
Theodolite may be used for carrying out the survey although Total Station is preferred. The
distance shall be accurately measured either by using tape/chain or tacheometry or by
triangulation method depending on the territory. Electronic distance measurement (EDM) is
preferred.
The ground profile shall be plotted on a 1: 2000 m scale (horizontal) and the line profile on a
1: 200 m scale (vertical). . All angle and terminal points shall be fixed and their UTM co-
ordinates shown on the drawings.
Bench marks shall be fixed along the line route based on the datum approved by the
Company. Levels shall be taken at every 20 m along the line route and at each structure
location, obstructions, cuttings and shallow portions. In addition, levels shall be taken for any
sudden change in slopes more than 30 cm in height.
Where the line passes through slopes across the line, levels shall be taken on the transverse
sides at an off-set distance of 20 m, in addition to the centre line, to confirm that the ground
clearance for the end conductors are within the specified limits. The offset levels shall be
indicated on the profile and parallel lines drawn on either side of the centre line indicating the
beginning and end of such terrain.
Ground levels shall also be taken at the point of road, track, wadi, pipe line and overhead line
crossing the proposed line.
All details upto 50 m on either side of the line shall be indicated on the ground profile
drawing. These include any trees, obstructions, structures, sand dunes, mounds and ditches.
The location and width of roads, tracks, wadis, overhead lines, underground pipes/cables
crossing the proposed overhead lines together with the angle of crossing shall be clearly
indicated in the profile drawings.
It is necessary to note the following details in the profile drawings for any overhead line
crossing the proposed line:
- The height of the top most and bottom-most overhead line conductor crossing the proposed
line route, at the point of crossing and at the point of supports. This information is
required to determine the type (either above the existing line or below that or by
underground cable) of proposed line crossing. The temperature at the time of measurement
of conductor heights at the point of crossing shall be noted.
- The voltage rating and type of construction.
- Distance from the crossing point to the support structures on the existing line to be crossed.
- Existing line structure identification numbers on either side of proposed line crossing.
The profile drawings shall indicate the visual nature of the ground, the line is traversing, such
as clay, sand, rock, marsh, water logged, soft ground, cultivated land, wadi bed, normal
ground etc. and their boundaries, along the line route, shall be clearly indicated.
The survey data shall be plotted on to a drawing sheet with the Company standard details and
title blocks, to give ground and line profiles. The drawing material shall be A1 size polyester
reproducible with printed grid lines of increasing thickness in 1, 5, 10 and 50 mm squares and
drawn on the reverse side of the material. Individual profile sheets shall not exceed the size
of A1 drawing sheet length-wise.
Profiles generated by approved overhead line software packages are preferred.
The line profile (vertical) shall be plotted in accordance with the design parameters obtained
from the Company SPs for the design of 33 and 132 kV overhead lines respectively. While
drawing the profile, a sinkage of 300 mm shall be considered for the structures.

Version: 2.0
The line profile drawings shall contain proposed location and type of each support, values of
wind, weight and equivalent spans, and section lengths. Sag template based on the design
data shall be prepared and used to draw profile curves for the bottom most conductor. Two
curves shall be drawn, one curve based on the specified maximum temperature of the
conductor (hot curve) and other curve based on the minimum ground clearance (clearance
curve) and location of each structure spotted on the drawings.
Perspex templates shall be prepared by the Contractor to check the hot curve and the ground
clearance curves.
After the approval of the profile drawings, the Contractor shall spot the structures in the field
and shall peg the location of each structure as indicated below.
2.2.2.3 Clearances
The Contractor shall ensure that clearances are maintained from the live line to any part of the line
or surroundings as per the following SPs.
SP-1102 - Specification for Design of 33kV Overhead Power Lines
SP-1114A - Specification for Design of 132 kV Overhead Power Lines on Wooden
Poles
SP-1114B - Specification of Design of 132 & 220kV Overhead Power Lines on Steel
Towers
ERD-09-03 - Layout and spacing of Plant, Equipment and Facilities
All graded roads, including well access roads, shall be taken as public roads within the terms of
ERD-09-03.
The Contractor shall ensure that clearance to the existing and future pipeline and wells shall be
allowed for as per the requirement of the Company. Pipeline clearance distance shall be measured
from the edge of the pipeline.
2.2.2.4 Structure schedule

The Contractor shall prepare a Structure Schedule consisting of structure number, type, height,
span, section length, horizontal deflection (angle of deviation), type of foundation and number of
stay wires. The schedule shall also contain special remarks such as whether ground has to be
filled or levelled or platform or any foundation protection required. This schedule shall be
submitted together with the profile drawings for the review of the Company.
2.2.3 Route Clearance
2.2.3.1 Vegetation
The following requirements shall be considered while clearing the ground:
Trees and tall shrub shall be cleared to a distance of 15 m on either side of the centre-line of
the route. Trees and bushes shall be cut down to a height of not more than 1.25 m above
ground level, after prior approval of the Company.
Whenever possible, felling of trees shall be avoided and should be executed only with the
express permission of the Company.
Felled trees and shrub together with the roots shall be removed from underneath the proposed
overhead line and also on the access road running along the line route and access roads from
existing roads to the line route. The access road shall be graded road suitable for traversing
by a 4-wheel drive vehicle for line patrol and maintenance by the Company.
2.2.4 Pegging Out

The location of each structure shall be pegged out on site.
Version: 2.0
For angle and terminal locations, the peg shall consist of a steel angle stake painted with bands of
red and white to avoid corrosion and for easy identification. Each peg shall be stencilled with the
UTM co-ordinates, angle of deviation and structure number.
For intermediate structure locations, either wooden or steel stakes can be used. These stakes shall
be painted with bands of red and white paint and structure number shall be stencilled on the stake.
All stakes shall be provided with a triangular red and white flag as a mark of caution. The pegs
shall have a pointed edge on one side, which should be driven into the ground for at least 0.5 m to
keep them firm and steady.
Pegs shall be installed to mark the centre of the structure. Pegs shall also be installed in transverse
direction for angle structure locations if required by the Company.
After pegging all structure locations, before commencing construction, the Contractor shall give
seven days notice to the Company for inspection of all structure locations/peg points. If required
by the Company any or all locations shall be resurveyed and repegged.
If structures are located in poor ground or if there are any obstructions the Contractor may relocate
the structure subject to the satisfaction and agreement of the Company.
2.2.5 Crossings
2.2.5.1 Road and Service Crossings

When the Contractor is ready to commence stringing of conductors along or across power lines,
roads, or the like, he shall give a minimum 7 days notice to the Company for approval of the date
and time at which he proposes to execute the Work.
The Contractor shall provide diversions to the existing roads where it is necessary to avoid
interference with the traffic as required by the Company or local authorities. Where the Company
or any authority requires it, the Contractor shall schedule the erection and stringing work at any
timings of day or night as per the convenience of the Company or authorities. The Contractor
shall ensure that sufficient resources are provided to complete the work during the allocated
period.
During any such works the Contractor shall provide appropriate warning notices, flashing lights,
flag-men etc. as required by the Company or the local authorities, to ensure the safety of the
public.
2.2.5.2 Other Crossings

The Contractor shall at his own expense make the necessary arrangements and take any necessary
precautions where the line route traverses ground over which erection cannot be executed in the
normal manner.
2.3 LINE ERECTION

Before commencement of the Works, the Contractor shall submit a written Work Method
Statement covering all aspects of the overhead line erection work as indicated in this document.
The Company shall have the right to require alterations to the proposed working method to ensure
safe practice and high quality of the finished line.
2.3.1 Safety
The Contractor shall obey the entire content of SP-1104 Electrical Safety Rules'.
Once conductor stringing has been completed, temporary earths shall be applied to the line at the
place of work (Worksite) before performing any further high level Works.

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2.3.2. Erection of Wooden Poles Lines
2.3.2.1 Handling, Transportation and Storage of Wooden Poles

Wood poles shall be handled and transported in such a way that there is no damage caused to the
poles and safety to all concerned is ensured. While transporting the poles by road, trailers of
sufficient length shall be used. If there is an overhang due to the length of trailer being shorter
than the poles, permission should be obtained from the police and local authorities and transported
in a manner approved by the Company, police and the local authorities.
The Contractor shall submit a Method Statement for handling, transportation and storage of poles
and obtain approval from the Company.
The poles shall be unloaded carefully on the designated dumps along the line route. The poles
shall be lifted in suitable bundles with the help of a crane and lowered on to the ground. Canvas
slings shall be used for this purpose and use of steel rope slings is not permitted. Alternatively the
Contractor may also use a skid board and lower the poles by means of rope and pulley with the
approval of the Company. On no account the poles shall be dropped from the trailer on to the
ground.
Transportation of poles from pole dumps to the actual site locations shall be either by a crane
mounted truck or a pole cart. On no account the poles shall be dragged on the butt.
Wooden sleepers shall be used to stack the wood poles in the pole dumps. They shall not be
stored on the ground directly. After transporting the poles to the individual locations they shall
not be stored directly on the ground for a long time.
All other materials including conductor drums shall be transported to the store yard, designated by
the Company, and stored neatly and safely in such a manner so as to prevent any damage and
provide easy identification.
2.3.2.2 Erection of Wooden Poles
2.3.2.2.1 Preparation
All operations at the Worksite shall be conducted so as not to obstruct the operations of the
Company, or any other Contractor, or the operation of existing transmission or distribution
systems.
The Contractor must provide and maintain in good working condition all cranes, hoists, jacks,
winches and tools including compression tools and dies, as may be required for the installation
and erection of whole of the Works. The Contractor shall also provide workshops equipped with
a reasonable range of metal and woodworking tools and assembly equipment.
The Contractor shall provide suitable drilling rigs for drilling pole and stay holes in the ground to
the required depth and diameter. Drilling rig shall also be used to drill bore holes for placing
earthing rods. All drilling activities including the drilling rigs are subject to the approval of the
Company and the holes shall be drilled in the ground as per the relevant specifications and
drawings.
The Contractor shall provide sufficient number of drilling rigs to complete the Works within the
time schedule with adequate allowance for breakdown and repair time.
Suitable bucket truck and/or ladders shall be used whenever necessary during erection, in
accordance with the Work Method Statement, but such ladders shall be removed when erection
work is not in progress.
The Contractor shall make all necessary arrangements and take all necessary precautions where
the route crosses installations, power lines or other obstacles, or ground over which erection
cannot be executed in the normal manner,

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2.3.2.2.2 Sub-assemblies
Prior to erection of any structure, some sub-assembly of various components may be allowed by
the Company as long as it is apparent that subsequent lifting of the structures as a part-assembly
will not lead to overloading of any components of the structure or the lifting devices.
2.3.2.2.3 Structure erection and alignment

Where structure members arrive on site with slight distortions due to handling in transit they shall
be straightened by the Contractor using an approved means, and offered to the Company for
inspection and acceptance or rejection before erection commences.
The Contractor shall provide and use approved tools of the correct size and they must be in good
condition. The Company shall have the right to require removal from the site of any substandard
or inadequate tools.
The Contractor shall make due allowance for any minor pole modifications that may prove
necessary (e.g., scarfing, drilling, creosoting, etc.). All modified poles shall be treated with
creosote on exposed surfaces. Unused holes shall be plugged-with creosote impregnated wooden
plugs.
Poles shall be erected upright to within 1:250 and in line. This requirement shall be checked
under full line tension conditions.
Throughout the course of erection the Contractor shall take proper precautions to ensure that no
parts of the supports are strained or damaged in any way.
All bolts and nuts shall be tightened and lock nuts/washers fitted as specified. Bolts shall not have
more than three threads protruding beyond the nut. Bolt holes in the poles shall be just sufficient
to fit the required bolt diameters. All bolts, nuts, washers and other fastenings shall be as
specified in the Company Standard Drawings (Bill of Material), and no element of the fastenings
shall be omitted or substituted by another type.
The Contractor shall ensure that a rigid bolt checking programme is conducted for all poles. On
completion of initial assembly of a pole, an organised bolt-checking team shall check all bolts for
tightness from the pole top downwards. After each bolt tightness-is checked the bolt shall be
painted with a distinctive colour on the outer face of each side.
After erection all supports shall be cleaned of all foreign matter or surplus paint.
All bracing on all sides of each pole and foundations shall be completed before temporary stays
are removed.
2.3.2.2.4 Wooden Poles Foundations

Basic foundation details are shown in the Company Standard Drawings for 132 kV and 33 kV
overhead lines. Depth of planting of poles shall comply exactly with the design requirements.
The Contractor shall establish the correct foundation type to be installed by means of soil tests
and, if necessary, pole/stay anchor tests, subject to the approval of the Company. (Refer to ERD-
11-02.)
After erection of structures and foundations, the Contractor shall consolidate the area around pole
in such a way that there will be no ponding of water around the structure.
2.3.2.2.4.1 Concrete for Wooden Poles Foundations

Concrete in foundations shall consist of cement, (minimum 370 kg/m3), sand and gravel or broken
stone in proportions to produce a dense concrete. Gravel, stone and sand shall be clean and free
from dust, earth or organic matter, or salt. All gravel and broken stone are to be 20 mm down
graded.
All sand is to be coarse, sharp, clean and free from dust, salt, clay vegetable matter or other
impurity and to be screened through a mesh not more than 5 mm. It is to be a well graded mixture
of coarse and fine grains from 5 mm gauge downwards.
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Water shall be clean and free from all earth, vegetable matter and alkaline substances either in
solution or in suspension. The maximum water to cement ratio shall be 0.55.
Cement shall be Portland or other approved composition obtained from an approved maker.
Portland cement shall conform in all respects to BS 12. Sulphate resisting cement (SRC) shall be
used where sulphates are present in the soil and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) shall be used
where sulphates and chlorides occur together.
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted during the placement. The upper surface of the concrete
for all types of foundations shall be finished smooth and sloped in an approved manner to prevent
accumulation of water. An approved concrete additive may be used.
Concrete shall not be directly poured from a height more than 1.5 metres to avoid mix segregation.
Concrete cubes shall be taken and tested to verify the concrete strength. The characteristic cube
strength shall not be less than 20 N/mm2. Concrete shall be covered by wet hessian sacks, which
should be kept continuously moist during the period of curing to avoid rapid drying.
2.3.2.2.4.2 Tolerances for Wooden Poles Foundations

The centre peg of a foundation shall not depart from the longitudinal position shown on the
approved profile by more than 300 mm. The centre peg shall not depart from the central axis of a
section by more than 25 mm.
2.3.2.2.5 Stays
The angle to which stay wires are set and the depth to which stay-anchors are installed shall
comply exactly with the Company Standard Drawings.
The Company shall be entitled to require the Contractor to demonstrate that any stay-anchor is
secure within its design loading. If failure occurs during such a test as a result of poor installation
practice, the stay-anchor shall be reinstalled to the satisfaction of the Company, and the
reinstallation of the stay-anchor shall be undertaken entirely at the Contractors own cost.
2.3.2.3 Earthing and Bonding of Poles

All pole top metalwork shall be bonded together as shown on the Company Standard Drawings.
All stay-wires shall be bonded to steel structures using the preformed bonding wires. Surge
diverters at terminal structures shall be connected to earth at the base of each pole, using at least
70 mm Yellow/Green PVC sheathed stranded copper conductor.
Each earth rod shall be set in a 75 mm diameter drilled hole, back-filled with bentonite slurry and
finished with an earth pit and cover. The resistance to earth of an earth nest shall not exceed 4
ohms. The normal depth of an earth bore hole shall be 4.8 m (4 lengths of earth electrodes
coupled together with a suitable coupling). A nest shall consist of 1 or more electrodes. The
length and the quantity of electrodes shall be sufficient to achieve the specified earth resistance.
The earth wire shall be stapled to the wood pole at 1 metre intervals, care being taken to keep the
wire tight and straight on the pole. Where the metal parts of the structure are connected to earth,
the Contractor shall ensure that sufficient quantity of earth wire is available to enable connection
to the earth rod.
2.3.3 Erection of Lines with Lattice Steel Towers
2.3.3.1 Foundations for Lattice Steel Towers
2.3.3.1.1 General
The foundation installation shall include site preparation, excavation, foundation placement
measurements, stub angles, backfilling, foundation cap protection and clean up of the site.
The Contractor shall select the suitable type of foundation to be submitted for approval based on
soil investigation data as well as information concerning flooding or other considerations affecting
the foundation erection and maintenance. The foundation type for each tower location shall be
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selected by the Contractor to suit the particular site condition and the list for selected types shall
be submitted for approval. Where the line route is on subkha, aggressive soils, sand dune areas or
wadis the piled foundations with or without permanent casings, shall be considered.
The foundation types to be installed shall cover all range of ground conditions occurring along the
line route; among these may be included: normal ground, soft rock, hard rock, wadis conditions,
sand dunes, subkha. Where actual soil conditions encountered show that the foundation required
cannot be of standard range, then a special foundation shall be installed. The type of foundation to
be used at each tower position shall be the most suitable practical solution.
Normal ground is considered to be composed of compact or stiff soil.
Soft rock can be of a homogeneous limestone, coral nature etc., fissured, but present on more than
the bottom 50% of the foundation setting depth.
Hard rock shall be hard and massive rock. Rock anchor foundation shall be installed where the
hard rock occurs within 1000mm from ground surface.
Wadis are watercourse beds, which can be dry for most of the year but are subject to occasional
flash flooding. The structures in a wadi shall resist to water flow and shall be protected against
pressure of water and debris.
In sand dune areas the movement of the dunes can affect the overhead line structural integrity and
electrical clearances.
Subkha shall be considered the coastal flats of salty sands, but can be also of gravely, silty clay
strata, of weak strength or some compact cemented layers. The water table frequently reach the
ground level and above.
2.3.3.1.2 Site Preparation

The Contractor shall make all measurements on site in order to establish the excavations limits or
drilling positions, stub angle, template location data. All measurements shall be within the
specified tolerances for steel lattice tower foundations.
The centre peg shall not depart from the line axis by more than 50mm (except where approved
offset is required). The centre peg of a foundation of intermediate support shall not depart from
the longitudinal position by more than 500mm.
The Contractor shall clear site area after installation, removing all debris or rubbish.
2.3.3.1.3 Concrete
The concrete work shall comply to BS 8110:1985, BS 5328, the CIRIA Guide to Concrete
Construction in the Gulf Region, Special Publication No 31, ERD-19-07 and with other specified
Standards and Publications.
A minimum cement content of 390 kg/m3 shall be used for locations with ground water level
under the bottom of the foundation. Where the concrete is placed under water, using a tremie tube,
a minimum cement content of 440 kg/m3 shall be employed. The minimum strength of the
concrete for bored piles shall be 40 N/mm2. Blinding concrete shall be grade 20 N/mm2.
The aggregates shall be from approved sources and shall comply with the requirements of
BS 882:1992 and the CIRIA Guide to Concrete in the Gulf Region, Special Publication No. 31.
For approval of concrete mix, the Contractor shall submit the following details: cement type,
cement content, grading of aggregates, water/cement ratio. For each concrete mix, the Contractor
shall provide a representative trial mix and make cubes to be tested for compressive strength at 7
and 28 days. Testing shall be in accordance to requirements of BS 1881. The proposed concrete
mix shall provide necessary characteristic strength, durability, density, resistance to sulphate and
chloride attack.
The source of water shall be approved by PDO. The water used in foundations concrete shall be
clean and shall comply with BS 3148:1980 specifications. Any additive to be used in the

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preparation of concrete shall be approved in writing by PDO. The additives shall be in accordance
with the requirements of BS 5075 or similar.
2.3.3.1.4 Cement
The ordinary Portland cement shall comply with BS 12:1996 or similar approved standard. If
required, the Contractor shall use low alkali cement to reduce the effects from alkali-aggregate
reaction or Sulphate-resisting Portland cement complying with BS 4027:1996 or similar.
The Contractor shall inform the PDO of the brand name, manufacturer and source of the cement
which he proposes to use. The cement delivered to the site shall have the manufacturers test
certificates showing the compliance to approved Standards. The use of different cement from that
of the trial mixes until the further trial mixes have been made and tested is not permitted.
2.3.3.1.5 Reinforcing Steel

The Contractor shall have the approval of PDO for the reinforcing steel to be used. Reinforcing
steel shall be deformed high yield bars, and shall comply with BS 4449:l997 or similar standard.
The Contractor shall provide samples and mill certificates showing the grade and quality and shall
test the samples. All reinforcement shall be clean and free from dust, mill scale, loose rust, paint,
oil etc.
Reinforcement shall be stored on site in protected racks above ground to avoid any damage.
2.3.3.1.6 Excavation and Backfilling

The Contractor shall make excavations as specified on foundation drawings. The bottom layer of
about 100 mm shall be left undisturbed before the blinding concrete will be placed. If excavations
are taken too deep, the excess depth is to be filled with concrete. If excavation is too wide, the
Contractor shall complete by casting up the edge of the excavation. The necessary increases and
modifications to reinforcing steel shall be considered for the above excess excavation.
The unsuitable excavated material shall not be used for backfill (e. g. subkha, organic soils etc). A
backfill with an imported, approved soil shall be used in such cases.
The backfill of shall be carefully rammed, on layers not greater than 300mm, to 95% density.
The backfill will be tested at least once per each leg (4 tests per location of steel lattice tower).
Excavation shall be covered at all times when work is not in progress.
2.3.3.1.7 Installation of Foundations

Stubs for tower foundations shall be installed by the use of approved templates.
The foundation setting tolerances are:
(a) The difference in elevation of foundation stubs: 5mm on tower face and 10mm between
diagonally opposite legs.
(b) The face dimensions (at the top of stub): 5mm from the approved tower drawings. The
diagonal distance between any two stubs (at top of stubs): 10mm from dimensions specified on
approved tower drawings.
(c) The slope of stubs: shall not differ by more than 5mm/metre of the stub length.
The production, transporting, placing, compacting, concreting in hot weather and curing of
concrete, the procedures for formwork requirements, construction joints and inspection shall be in
accordance with specifications of BS 8110:1997.
The towers will be erected when the backfilling is complete and the concrete has at least 10 days
to harden.
The Contractor shall store the materials for the preparation of concrete in a manner, which
prevents contamination by dust, clay, water, or any other harmful material. Bagged cement shall
be protected from rain, mixing water or damp soil. Cement from accidentally damaged bags shall
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not be used. The sulphate resisting or other special cement shall be stored separate from other
cement.
Where aggregate are stored directly on the ground, the bottom 10 cms shall not be used.
Water, which has been used for cleaning concrete mixers and handling equipment, shall be
disposed of in a manner to not contaminate sources of drinking water or the land for agriculture.
Concrete shall be compacted by vibrators in such a manner that the whole of the mass of concrete
to be fully compacted and air bubbles are expelled.
Vibrators shall penetrate the full depth of the layer to ensure that successive layers are fully
vibrated.
The surface of all concrete work shall be sound, solid and free from honeycombing or
protuberances. Plastering of concrete faces is not allowed. The defective concrete shall be
replaced to depths. The procedure of reparation shall be submitted by Contractor to approval of
PDO.
When the air temperature is over 35C and rising, the Contractor shall take precautions during
mixing to lower the temperature of the concrete. The maximum temperature of the concrete shall
not be over 32C. The following measures should be considered:
- Use of cooled water for mixing
- Spraying aggregate with cooled water, concreting in cooler part of the day,
- Keeping in shade the cement, reinforcement, aggregate and formworks,
- Use of insulated water tanks, mixer and transporters.
- Use of admixtures to retard,
The concreting shall follow the specifications from CIRIA Guide to Concrete Construction in the
Gulf Region and ACI Standard 305R Hot Weather Concreting.
The Ready-mixed concrete according to BS 5328 can be used with the agreement of PDO. The
concrete shall be carried in continuously operating truck mixers. The concrete shall be placed
within 2 hours of the introduction of cement to the aggregates, or 45 minutes after adding the
water in the mixer (whichever is shorter).
The cutting, bending and fixing of reinforcing steel shall be, generally in accordance with BS
4466:1989. The reinforcing shall be accurately placed and secured in position as to not move
during placement of concrete.
The concreting is not allowed during storms or heavy rains.
Concrete shall be protected from sunshine, drying winds, rain and running water.
All concrete shall be covered for at least 14 days and shall be continuously wet for the 7 days.
The exposed surfaces shall be covered with a curing compound polyethylene sheet, or with an
absorbent material, which can be kept damp and shall be protected from direct sunlight. After
removal of formwork, the exposed surfaces must also be protected.
The curing of concrete shall be for at least one week, or as long as directed by PDO, according to
weather conditions.
2.3.3.1.8 Bored Piles Installation

The pile shall be reinforced with at least 6 nos., 16mm diameter of deformed bars, with a sectional
area not less than 0.6% of the cross sectional area of the pile and minimum 8mm diameter spiral
reinforcement.
The reinforcement shall be maintained in correct position during concreting. The cages shall be
sufficiently rigid as to be handled without deformations. The bored piles installation shall comply
to BS EN 1536:2000.

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On completion of boring, loose or disturbed soil shall be removed from the base of the pile.
Lining tubes shall be provided for sufficient depth to ensure the stability of the pile excavation
during boring and concreting operations.
The temporary casings shall be withdrawn, during or immediately after completion of the
concreting and before concrete is starting to harden.
The use of conventional vibrators, for bored piles, is not permitted.
2.3.3.1.9 Protection of Foundations

The Contractor shall provide anticorrosion paint treatment on tower stubs, steel piling casing and
pile caps. The painting of the stubs with two layers of an epoxy type paint shall be applied on
300mm above concrete level.
After concreting the foundation caps, the joint with the stub angle shall be sealed with an acrylic
type seal material on 10cm thickness around the stub angle. The foundation cap shall be painted
with a coal tar paint on 150mm over the concrete level and 300mm under ground level.
Where instructed by PDO, the Contractor shall install gabion walls to protect tower locations
against flooding waters. Gabions shall be filled in double-twisted hexagonal mesh of PVC coated
galvanised steel wire of at least 2.5mm (steel) diameter. They shall be rectangular boxes of 2m
long, 1m wide and 1m high with two compartments separated by a diaphragm, filled with
approved broken rock of a minimum size greater than the mesh eye.
Where required by PDO, the location shall be protected against erosion or floods by gatch
platforms compacted to 150mm thick and extending 5m from the tower foundations. In low-lying
areas and on subkha areas of the line, gatch platforms of 500mm thick minimum shall be
considered upon instructions from PDO.
2.3.3.2 Erection of Lattice Steel Towers
2.3.3.2.1 General
The Contractor shall ascertain that all concrete foundations or rock anchor grouting are cured and
that all back-filled material is compacted to its approved level before placing or erecting tower
steel on the foundations. Concrete in tower foundations shall be allowed to set a minimum of 7
days before erection of the tower and a minimum of 28 days before conductor and earth wire
installation on the tower.
The Contractor shall erect the types of towers specified at the locations indicated on the Contract
Drawings.
Towers shall be assembled in accordance with the approved drawings and erected by a suitable
method, which will not overstrain structural members or their foundations, subject to PDOs
approval.
2.3.3.2.2 Handling and Storage of Steel Towers

Steel shall be stored on wooden supports of sufficient height to avoid any ground contact or other
contamination. Storage conditions shall be well ventilated, preventing the formation of wet storage
stain from accumulation of humidity and sand. It shall be clearly understood, that white rust
formation will lead to rejection of the affected material.
All necessary measures shall be taken to prevent structural injury to members, or damage to
galvanized coatings. Members shall not be dragged on the ground, nor will the practice of
throwing tower steel into piles on conveyances, or from conveyances onto the ground, and of
skidding steel members over each other, be permitted. Lifting of tower steel shall not be done with
steel slings, being in direct contact with galvanized surfaces. Instead, fabric belts, or other suitable
protection shall be applied.
Tower material damaged shall be replaced by the Contractor at no cost to PDO.

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Small accidental damages to galvanized surfaces may be repaired by application of an approved

repair paint.
Minor damages to galvanized steel members could be repaired by application of a special paint as
follows:
Brush cleaning of the damaged area of any trace of dust, rust and degreasing (if necessary);
Coating of the damaged area with two layers of zinc rich paint containing at least 95% Zn in
the dry film. The painting shall be done according to manufacturers instructions. The final
dry fill of paint shall be at least 150 microns.
Larger damages to, or systematic defects of the galvanizing shall be repaired by hot-dip
galvanizing, only.
The attempt to repair shall not bind PDO to accept the repaired part when this is re-offered for
inspection.
Acceptance by PDO of any repaired galvanized steel does not absolve the Contractor from his
responsibility of supplying galvanized steel to give satisfactory service in the prevailing corrosive
atmosphere. PDO reserve the right to reject any galvanized steel found rusty, damaged, bent or
other-wise defective, before final acceptance.
2.3.3.2.3 Erection of Steel Towers

Prior to the commencement of any tower erection activity the Contractor shall submit for approval
a Method Statement detailing the proposed erection methods and safety precautions to be taken
during the erection.
The Contractor shall erect towers for the transmission line in accordance with the erection
diagrams, construction lists and other drawings and instructions.
The method of assembling and erecting a tower shall be such that during erection no member shall
be subjected to any stress in excess of that for which it was designed.
Misalignment or misfit of adjacent sections or members attributable to the adopted method of
erection shall be corrected by changing erection methods as necessary to eliminate trouble.
Straining of members shall not be permitted for bringing them into position. It may, however, be
necessary to match hole positions at joints and to facilitate this, tommy bars not more than 450mm
long may be used.
For ease of checking bolts and nuts shall be generally fitted in such a way that the nuts are placed
outside for horizontal bolts and downside for vertical bolts.
Before starting erection of an upper section, the lower section shall be completely braced and all
bolts provided tightened adequately in accordance with approved drawings to prevent any mishap
during erection.
All plan diagonals relevant to a section of tower shall be placed in position before assembly of
upper section is taken up.
All members shall have their joints cleaned when bolted up.
If erected by assembling in sections, the initial tightening of bolts shall be adequate for dead load,
live load and direction stresses, but shall not be so strong as to prevent aligning and fitting
adjacent sections or members. The assembled sections shall be adequately supported during
erection.
All blank holes, if any left, after complete erection of the tower, are to be filled up by bolts and
nuts of the correct size.
During the erection, no tools shall be taken up to the towers, except structure wrenches and drift
pins. Only such wrenches will be allowed, which do neither deform nor injure the galvanized
coating of the bolts/nuts. Use of drift pins is limited to guiding the different tower members into
position, without enlarging holes or distorting tower members.

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Each bolt shall be securely tightened with adequate but non-excessive torque. Proper tightness
shall be spot checked by the Contractor, to PDOs satisfaction, with an accurately calibrated
torque wrench. The tightening torque to be applied on bolts is the following:
6,0 daNm for 12mm dia bolts
17.2 daNm for 20mm dia bolts
20.3 daNm for 22mm dia bolts.
All tower bolts shall be completely tightened, immediately after a tower is erected. After erection,
towers shall be left in workmanlike condition, complete and safe in every respect.
In order to prevent pilfering, all bolts and nuts below a minimum height of 3 m above the
foundation cap shall be secured by suitable means, to be proposed by the Contractor, for PDOs
approval.
During assembly punching, reaming or drilling for correction of mismatched holes shall not be
permitted without the authorisation of PDO in writing.
If any shop errors are discovered in the steel, the Contractor shall notify PDO who will decide on
site whether the error shall be corrected on site or the members shall be replaced.
All exposed steel surfaces around the holes or on cuts on which corrective work is permitted shall
be given sufficient coats of an authorised zinc rich paint to provide sufficient protection to the
steel and shall be to the approval of PDO.
Towers must be completely erected with all members in place and bolts securely tightened before
any stringing of conductors or earth wires may be started. All towers shall be inspected by PDO
accompanied by the Contractor before the stringing operation. Prior to the erection of towers or
parts of towers, which had completely been assembled on ground, the approval of PDO is
required.
In aviation-marking areas, immediately after erection above foundation level, the towers shall be
illuminated, either by the permanent lighting system or by a temporary lighting system, to be
approved by the Directorate of Civil Aviation.
2.3.3.2.4 Tolerances for Installation of Steel Towers

Members deformed in excess of the allowed limits shall not be erected
Compression elements shall not have lateral deformation exceeding 1/600 of the member length.
Tension members shall not have lateral deformation exceeding 1/300 of the member length.
All towers shall be vertical after erection and shall remain substantially vertical under the stresses
set up by the overhead line when complete. The self supporting tower shall not be out of plumb
from transverse or longitudinal centreline by more than 1/480 of its height.
2.3.3.3 Aircraft Warning Painting
2.3.3.3.1 General
All towers shall be red and white bands painted in accordance to Annex 14, Aerodromes, Chapter
6, paragraph 6.2.5 of the International Standards and Recommended Practices issued by the
International Civil Aviation Organization, and is subject to the PDO's approval.
This specification is to define surface preparation, protective coatings and paint systems to be
applied on equipment and structures unless otherwise specified.
The general guides for the work shall be:
(a) this Specification
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(b) British Standard Code of Practice CP.2008; 1966, B.S.: 4232, 2015, 729, 3083, 381 C,
4479, 4360, 3294 and 4604
(c) Swedish Standard SIS 05 59 00 - 1967 or equivalent standard
(d) German Standards DIN 55 928 and DIN 4115 or equivalent standards
(e) the paint manufacturers Technical Data Sheet and Instructions.
2.3.3.3.2 Surface Preparation

Prior to chemical treatment / surface preparation, the galvanised surfaces shall be carefully
cleaned by brushing with fresh water to remove all foreign substances such as salt, white rust and
zinc corrosion products, dust sand and dirt. If the galvanised steel surfaces shall be chemically
treated it has to be subject to the approval of the PDO.
Prior to painting, the galvanised surfaces shall be carefully checked for damages, defects and
impurities. In case of persistent white rust and corrosion products it is necessary to remove these
by sweep-blasting or mechanical brushes. However, tarnishing of surfaces must be avoided. In
specific cases where damages are severe, re-galvanising shall be required.
Such prepared surfaces must be approved by the PDO prior to paint application.
2.3.3.3.3 Preparation of coating materials

Primers and paints which have liveried, gelled or are otherwise deteriorated shall not be used. All
ingredients in any container shall be thoroughly mixed before use and shall be agitated frequently
during application to keep the primer in suspension.
Primer or paint mixed in the original container shall not be transferred until all settled pigment is
incorporated into the body of liquid. Primer or paint shall be mixed in a manner ensuring the
breakdown of all lumps, complete dispersion of pigment and uniform composition.
Thinners shall not be added to primers or paints unless necessary for proper application according
to the manufacturers instructions.
The type of thinners used shall comply with the manufacturers instructions. When use of
thinners is permitted, it shall be added to the primer or paint during mixing in a good ventilated
area.
2.3.3.3.4 Painting of Steel Towers

For better adhesion and corrosion protection priming coats shall be applied by brush or by airless
spray only. The other coats of paint are to be applied by brush roller or spray and in accordance
with the paint manufacturers recommendations.
- first layer of primer
- second layer of intermediate coat
- the final layer of red or white colour.
Type of paint to be applied on lattice steel towers and minimum thickness shall be:
- Zinc-rich primer (two pack epoxy zinc rich primer, e.g. polyamide cured) with a grey dry
film minimum thickness of 40 microns.
- Intermediate coat (two pack epoxy micaceous iron oxide, e.g. polyamide cured) with a
dark grey film thickness of minimum 60 microns.
- Final coat of aliphatic polyurethane or acrylic epoxy with a white (RAL 9010) and red
(RAL 2002) dry film thickness of minimum 60 microns.
All surfaces to be painted must be moisture-free and paintings shall not take place when:
- the surface temperature is above 50C

Version: 2.0
- the relative humidity is above 85% or the surface temperature is closer than 3C or below
the dew point
- it is raining
- sandstorms occur to such extent that the wet painting might be affected.
To ensure the suitability of paints the Contractor shall execute sample tests at site. Such panels
must be approved and shall be used as reference for quality control.
These tests shall be carried out at a very early stage of the contract period and no paint shall be
ordered beforehand. Final selection of the paint is subject to the approval of PDO, depending on
the results of the above mentioned site tests.
All finishes shall be clean and in good sound conditions. Each coat shall completely and uniformly
cover the coat underneath it.
There must be no delay between application of successive coats but each coat must by thoroughly
dry or as directed in the paint instructions before next coat is applied. Before additional coats are
applied to painted surfaces, the existing paint shall be cleaned of all foreign matters and suitably
sanded if necessary.
Excessive coat thickness shall not exceed the maximum specified by the paint manufacturer.
2.3.3.3.5 Responsibilities and Guarantees

Inspection of coatings by PDO shall neither relieve the paint manufacturer from his responsibility
of providing good quality products nor the Contractor from his responsibility of acquiring the
specified quality of material or the correct performance of the work. This is also applicable to
shop-primed structural steel or other components.
The Contractor shall bear the full responsibility for galvanizing and paint applied by him or by
others.
The complete painting system is guaranteed for a period of not less than 5 years after the Final
Acceptance Certificate.
The Contractor shall provide a Guarantee Performance Bond to assure the performance of
extended guarantee obligations for PDO painting system. The Contractor shall carry out during the
extended guarantee period any repair or replacement on the painting system executed under this
specification at no additional cost after being intimated by PDO.
If the repairs are not carried out to the satisfaction of PDO, these repairs shall be performed by
others, who will be assigned by PDO, and the costs thereof shall be borne by activating the
Performance Bond valid for the extended guarantee obligations.
2.3.4 Conductor Stringing
2.3.4.1 Preparation
Before commencement of stringing, tower footing resistance tests shall be made at each tower and
necessary earthing devices shall be installed and tested.
Conductor and earthwire erection shall be carried out entirely by approved tension stringing
methods, keeping conductor off the ground al all times when the conductor is in motion.
Tenderers shall include with their Tenders details of the precise method of tension stringing they
propose to use, together with details of their proposed stringing equipment.
At least 3 months before stringing commences the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for
approval a fully detailed, comprehensive work proposal which shall include, but not limited to, the
following:
- Work sequence and methodology including creep compensation regime;
- Locations of conductor drums and winch location;.

Version: 2.0
- Temporary stay arrangements and temporary support strengthening;

- Scaffold positions and types;
- Positions of mid-span (tension) joints;
- Procedures and method for making joints and dead end clamps;
- Schedule of conductor accessories to be fitted;
- Erection (initial) sags and tensions.
Particular attention shall be given in this work proposal to the procedure for stringing the OPGW
where special care is required to guard against damage to the optical fibre cable.
The supplier of the OPGW will be responsible for the supervision of installation by the
Contractor, to ensure that the overall system reliability requirements met. To ensure that this is
undertaken, the supplier will provide the services of a suitable qualified/experienced installation
supervisor, who shall supervise the installation of the works throughout and shall advise PDO and
the Contractor in matters of methods procedures and precautions to be followed and will be
responsible for all matters pertaining to the quality of the installation.
The Contractor shall provide PDO with a method statement giving sequential details of the
stripping procedure and the optical fibre jointing (splicing) procedures. The method statements
shall take full cognizance of the manufacturer's installation instructions.
The method statements shall be submitted to PDO for acceptance the requisite period prior to
stringing or optical fibre jointing commences.
The Contractor shall ensure that the fibre optic cables are not strained or damaged either
mechanically or optically during stringing and/or jointing. The Contractor shall demonstrate the
suitability of his proposed method, including the choice of running blocks and stringing
equipment, bull wheel diameters, fibre optic cable wrapping equipment and methods etc., prior to
the commencement of stringing operations.
Optical fibre joints either in the OPGW or between the OPGW and the non-metallic underground
fibre optic cable shall be housed in optical joint boxes. The joint boxes shall be located
immediately above the anti-climbing device for convenient access by technical personnel. All joint
boxes shall be earthed to the support steelwork using approved multi-wire/multi-strand flexible
aluminium earthing bonds or copper earth fitted with bi-metallic lugs.
2.3.4.2 Equipment and Tools

Conductors, joints, and clamps shall be erected using approved tools and in such a manner that no
birdcaging and over-tensioning of individual wires or layers or other deformation or damage to the
conductors occurs. Clamps or hauling devices used in erection shall be of approved design and
shall not allow any relative movement of strands or layers of the conductors.
The Contractor shall supply all the necessary drum-stands, drum-spindles, drum-brakes and jacks
to ensure efficient paying-out of conductors.
All winches, anchor sheaves and running lines shall be supplied by the Contractor and maintained
in good order to the approval of the Company.
Connection of the steel running line (pilot wire) to the conductor shall be to the approval of the
Company and shall be of a type capable of passing through the slinging snatch.
Snatch blocks for slinging conductors shall be of an approved type and shall be robust.
The conductor pulley shall be fabricated from aluminium or similar material.
The Contractor shall provide sufficient snatch blocks to satisfactorily achieve the stringing of the
longest continuous line section.
Tensioning bull wheels shall have a minimum diameter of 35 times the outside diameter of the
largest conductor required under the Contract or as necessary to suit the requirements of the
OPGW, and will have multiple grooves lined with neoprene such that conductors smaller than the
Version: 2.0
groove or as required diameter will seat into the lining without being flattened. Brakes and
controls shall be hydraulically operated to minimise danger of brake failure. The tensioner design
shall be such that once the required tension is obtained, the conductor will remain at that tension
so long as the brake setting remains unchanged.
Conductor running out blocks shall be so designed as to allow conductors to be pulled out
smoothly and shall have a minimum diameter of 600mm at the bottom of the conductor groove.
Blocks will be of low friction design and the block groove shall be lined with neoprene. Blocks
are to be designed so that the pilot wire does not damage the neoprene lining during conductor
running. Running out blocks which do not run freely or operate properly shall be removed from
site for repair and must receive the Engineer's approval before they may be re-used. The blocks
shall have an electrical conducting path between their suspension fittings and the conductors
supported by the blocks.
2.3.4.3 Drum Lengths and Joints

The Contractor must note that the Company's policy is not to permit the use of midspan joints.
The Contractor shall make use of maximum conductor lengths in order to avoid midspan joints
and to reduce the wastage to a minimum. A Drum Schedule shall be prepared by the Contractor
and approved by the Company prior to stringing.
If mid-span joints are finally approved, the number and location of such joints should be
submitted to the Company for approval. These joints shall be not less than 25 m from the nearest
conductor clamp, and joints between different phase wires in the same span should be adequately
staggered to the satisfaction of the Company.
Mid-Span joints shall not be used:
With less than 2 complete spans between joints.
In single spans or within 2 spans of a section pole.
In spans crossing power lines, roads, etc.
Conductor repair sleeves shall not be used without the permission of the Company.
Only compression connections shall be used and comprise exclusively the type specified in the
material lists, unless otherwise directed by the Company. Bimetallic compression connections, as
specified in the Company Standard Drawings and Schedule of Overhead Line Materials, shall be
employed where equipment with copper terminals are to be connected to line conductors.
The Contractor shall test each joint, etc., in accordance with Section 2.6. Test results, together
with the location of each fitting, date of assembly and name of the linesman responsible for the
assembly, shall be recorded on functional test sheet (see Section 2.6). This record shall be handed
over to the Company on completion of each section of line.
The Contractor shall obtain approval from the Company for the Linesmen employed to make
compression joints. The Contractor shall obtain this approval through the submission of a test
joint for quality control check by the Company.
Where records of joints made by any particular linesman show a repeated performance below the
required standard, the Contractor, at the request of the Company, shall cease to employ the
linesman on Companys installation jointing operations and shall immediately replace him with
other approved personnel.
2.3.4.4 Conductor Damage

Since the ground that the transmission line traverses is in many parts boulder-strewn or rocky, the
Contractor shall employ an approved method of pilot wire tension stringing to keep the moving
conductor off the ground during stringing operations. Alternatively, the Contractor shall provide
trestles or scaffolds to ensure that the conductor does not touch the ground whilst in motion. The
Contractor shall forward to the Company for approval full details of the tension-stringing method,
together with details of machine and equipment he proposes to use.

Version: 2.0
When due to a mishap a conductor makes contact with the ground, stringing work shall stop whilst
the conductor is examined and offered for inspection to the Company. The Company at its
discretion may order such quantity of phase conductor or earth conductor to be discarded and
replaced by the Contractor at his expense.
In the case of local damage to individual wires of a conductor during erection, the use of repair
sleeves of a type approved by the Company may be permitted. This shall be at the discretion of
the Company.
Any conductor that has been run-out and not finally tensioned shall not be left overnight either on
the ground or within 4.5 m above ground level. Conductors should never be on the ground.
2.3.4.5 Stringing Procedure

The Contractor shall employ an approved method of tension stringing that will not cause damage
to conductors or over-tension the conductors, and at all times will not allow conductors to touch
ground or any obstacle. The Contractor shall submit with his tender a general description of both
method and type of equipment he proposes to use.
Cutting of layers of conductors shall be executed with tools designed to prevent damage to
underlying strands.
Cut-ends of conductors and joints, clamps and fittings attached to the conductors themselves shall
be treated in a manner approved by the Company to prevent ingress of air or moisture.
Conductor, joints and clamps shall be erected so that no bird-caging, over-tensioning or other
deformation can occur to the individual wires or layers of the conductor. Clamps or hauling
devices shall, under erection conditions, allow no relative movement of strands or layers of
conductors. If required by the Company, this property shall be demonstrated by actual tests.
Application of tension-clamps shall be executed at pole/tower tops by use of 'come-along' clamps
of an approved design.
Transfer of conductors from snatch-blocks to post-top insulators shall not be effected before
completion of anchor-clamps.
Each conductor shall be clamped-in at intermediate poles not later than 48 hours after being
tensioned-off at section poles.
Tension gauging marks on conductor shall be applied with white cotton tape which shall be
removed on completion of the fitting of each tension-clamp, which shall be suitable for live-line
working.
2.3.4.6 Sags and Tensions

The Contractor shall prepare the sag and tension charts and calculate tension values for pre-
tensioning which are to be used for erection of 220kV, 132 kV and 33 kV lines. The lines shall be
pre-tensioned for a minimum time of 1 hour and the pretension value shall be maintained by
adjustment at 15 minutes intervals during the pre-tensioning period.
For determining tension to be applied to a section having a number of different spans the
'equivalent span' method shall be used. For sag measurement a span having a length close to the
equivalent span length shall be chosen.
The Contractor shall submit to PDO for approval the following details applicable to each
conductor or earthwire type used on the contract:
(a) Final sag and tension charts for a range of equivalent spans applicable to the transmission
line, considering the weight of spacer dampers, aircraft warning spheres etc. Final sag and
tension charts for a range of spans applicable to the downleads to substations or slack span
connections in the line. Sag and tension charts for downleads and slack spans shall take
into account the weights of insulator sets.
(b) The proposed regime for creep compensation including the basis for determining initial sag
tension sags and tensions.
Version: 2.0
(c) Initial sag and tension charts, or tables, for use in the actual sagging of the line for a range
of actual possible conductor temperatures.
Immediately after conductors have been erected and clamped-in, mean sag of conductors shall not
depart from the correct erection sag by more than minus 5%. In addition, sag of any one line
conductor shall not depart by more than 150 mm from the sag of other line conductors in the same
span.
Vibration dampers or spacer-dampers shall be installed immediately following the clamping in of
a section.
When required by the Company prior to issue of a Certificate of Acceptance, the Contractor shall
be responsible for checking that relative sags of conductors and earthwires are within the specified
tolerance. Such checks shall be conducted at selected points along the route, as requested by the
Company.
Clearances between conductors and ground and between jumpers and structures shall be checked
during erection and before handing over the line.
The Contractor shall provide suitable dynamometers, sighting boards and levels or other approved
apparatus necessary for the proper checking of the Works. When required by the Company
dynamometers shall be tested and if necessary re-calibrated at the Contractor's expense. Sag
adjustment should be done through sighting boards and sighting levels and sag should be adjusted
and measured at mid-span, to the satisfaction of the Company,
During progress of the Work the Contractor shall record on approved schedules (See Section 2.6)
particulars of sagging of conductors on each section of the route. These schedules shall show
section pole numbers, individual span lengths, equivalent span, design and erection sags, together
with mean actual sag of phase conductors, as well as both temperature and dates of stringing and
checking. At the end of the Contract these schedules shall be handed to the Company.
Where vertical slope between supports exceeds 20% the Contractor shall make allowance for the
difference in level when calculating the sag.
2.4 INSPECTION AND TESTING
2.4.1 Tests During Erection
2.4.1.1 Conductor Joint Tests

The Contractor, in the presence of the Company, shall accurately measure contact resistance of all
completed clamps, joints and terminal fittings. Where a Joint consists of several parts bolted
together (e.g., dead end clamp with bolted-on jumper terminal), resistance to be measured is that
of the complete assembly. Resistance of any such fittings shall not exceed 75% of the resistance
of an equivalent length of conductor, measured adjacent to the fittings, and the current carrying
capacity shall be at least 100% of that of the conductor. Measurements shall be recorded on
Functional Test Sheet. (See Section 2.6).
The Contractor shall provide suitable equipment (such as a Ductor or an APT/CERL Digital
Micrometer Model DMO 310) for conducting the above tests, and shall submit details of the
proposed instrument to the Company for approval. Suitable clamps also shall be supplied for
connecting current leads of the measuring instrument to the test sample to provide adequate
surface contact at interfaces. Test probes as used for potential contacts are unsuitable for current
connections. Stringing of conductors shall not commence until the instruments are on Site and
ready for use.
2.4.1.2 Cable Tests

Installation of cables used for underground road crossings, etc., shall be recorded on Check Sheets
(see Section 2.6).

Version: 2.0
Cables shall be subjected to an HV cable DC pressure test whilst disconnected from the overhead
line and associated surge arresters. Results of tests shall be recorded on Functional Test Sheet FS
14.
2.4.2 Inspection
2.4.2.1 Inspection During Erection

As the erection of the overhead line progresses the Contractor shall ensure that a record is kept of
outstanding items of Work. Check Sheet (see Section 2.6) shall be used to note exceptions.
2.4.2.2 Final Inspection

Upon notification by the Contractor that a Work section is finished as a complete line, the
Company, prior to issuing the Certificate of Acceptance, shall inspect the completed Works, in
order to ascertain that they have all been executed in full accordance with the Specifications and
Drawings. In particular it shall be ascertained that:
Back-filling of excavations, ramming and levelling around foundations and stays, disposal of
excess earth from excavations, etc., are completed.
Steel sections are correctly installed, straight and not damaged.
Bolts and nuts are correctly fitted with washers, as equipped, and are properly tightened and
painted to indicate tightness check is complete.
Stays and accessories are complete and correctly fitted.
Equipment, such as disconnectors and drop out fuses are fitted correctly and completely in
accordance with the Company Standard Drawings and Specifications, and are operable
without undue difficulties.
Damage to galvanised parts has been made good to the Company's approval by the
application of cold galvanising (zinc rich) paint.
Insulators are clean and totally free from foreign materials and is undamaged.
The Works are erected in complete accordance with the Company Drawings and
Specifications.
Line conductors are correctly clamped and made-off.
Structures are free of all construction equipment, loose materials and other foreign matter.
Anti-climbing devices are correctly installed.
Conductors are clean and without any strand damage.
Conductors are erected in accordance with sag and tension schedule and clearances are
correct.
Pole identification code plates, danger signs and reflectors are fitted correctly and
Identification Code Schedule (see Section 2.6) completed.
All material surplus to requirements and all debris and rubbish have been removed and
deposited as directed by the Company.
Check Sheet (see Section 2.6) shall be completed by the Company to signify to the Contractor any
unsatisfactory Work or outstanding items.
2.4.3 Pre-Commissioning Tests

Subsequent to the inspection the Contractor in the presence of the Company shall test lines for:
Resistance to earth of each component and each completed earth system, measured and
recorded before final connection. This shall include earth resistance tests of stay-anchor
arrangements.
Line continuity, measured with an approved 1 kV Insulation Resistance Tester.
Insulation resistance of the line to earth and between phases, measured with an approved 5
kV Insulation Resistance Tester.
Version: 2.0
Electrical integrity of all tension joints, measured with equipment designated in Section
2.4.1.1.
If specified in the project specifications, the Contractor shall perform line impedance tests. These
shall include the measurement of:
Positive sequence impedance.
Zero sequence impedance.
2.5 MAINTENANCE
The Contractor shall be responsible for making good all settlements of filled ground due to any
cause, whatsoever which may occur up to the end of the period of maintenance.
At the end of the maintenance period specified ground clearance plus conductor creepage
allowance shall not be infringed. In addition, sag of any phase conductor shall not depart by more
than 150 mm from the mean sag of all phase conductors in the same span.
Tests shall be conducted at selected points along the route, as required by the Company, and the
Contractor shall provide the necessary surveying instruments to enable checks to be conducted
with the line live and in service. All sag and clearance corrections that may be required by the
Company shall be undertaken in a prompt manner and at times specified by the Company, to
minimise the service interruption of the line.
2.6 CHECK SHEETS AND SCHEDULES
The following Functional Check and Test Sheets shall form part of the As-Built record of the
overhead line.
2.6.1. Overhead Lines on Wooden Poles

Overhead Line Installation and Compression Joints.
OHL Erection/Sag Chart Record
The following check sheets shall be used during construction of the overhead line.
Construction Test Sheets for OHL Installation.
Overhead Line Identification Code Schedule***.
2.6.2. Overhead Lines with Lattice Steel Towers

Construction Check Sheets:
Installation of Overhead Line Foundation;
Erection of Overhead Line Steel Lattice Towers;
Painting Check Sheet;
Erection/Sag Chart Record;
Overhead Compression Joints.
Pre-Commissioning Check Sheet:
Installation of O/H Lines on Steel Towers - Inspection
Installation of O/H Lines on Steel Towers - Tests.
NOTE: *** shall be used to mark-up As-Built drawings and for noting where pole identification
plates are required.
Specimen copies of these check sheets and schedules are located in SP-1100 and Standard
Drawings STD-4-1320-001 and 1410-001.

Version: 2.0
2.7 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS

As-Built drawings in accordance with ERD-00-05 shall utilise the contract drawings as the basis
for recording the final status of the installation.
As-Built drawings shall record all deviations, deletions and additions with respect to the original
scope, such as, for example, route changes, pole locations, foundation types, stay arrangements,
and all other variations.

Version: 2.0
APPENDIX A : GLOSSARY OF DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
The following terms and abbreviations used in this document, are defined below:
General Terminology
Shall - The word 'shall' is to be understood as mandatory.
Should - The word 'should' is to be understood as strongly recommended.
May - The word 'may' is to be understood as indicating a possible course of

action.
The Company - Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C. Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
User - A specified Engineer, Consultant or Contractor who applies these

Standards in the execution of a PDO project.
The Company A person appointed from time to time by the Company, having the
representative - functions set forth in Article 2 of General Conditions for Construction
Works, and whose authority shall be notified in writing to the Contractor
by the Company.
The Consultant - The party to the contract with the Company who is responsible for
providing the design, engineering and other related consultancy services
under the contract.
The Contractor - The party to the Contract with the Company who is responsible for the
construction and other related works specified in the contract. On
occasion, for example in 'turnkey contracts' the contractor may be
responsible for design, engineering, manufacture, shipment, supply,
installation, testing, commissioning and performance guarantee up to the
defects liability period as defined in the individual contract.
Manufacturer - The party responsible for the manufacture of equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by the Consultant, Contractor or Company.
Vendor/Supplier - A party responsible for the supply of equipment, materials or product-

related services in accordance with the Purchase Order issued by PDO, its
Consultant or Contractor, or its nominated Purchasing Office.
Works - All Works to be executed and all services to be rendered by a Contractor

under the terms of a Contract.
Work-site - A defined place designated by the Company where all Works and services
shall be executed by a Contractor under a Contract.
Abbreviation
CFDH - Corporate Functional Discipline Head
OHL - Overhead Transmission Line

Version: 2.0
SP USER-COMMENT FORM
SP User-Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in an SP, write your comments and
suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS). They make a record
of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has spaces for your personal details.
This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and tell you about the decision.
SP Details Title Issue Date:

Number:
Page number: Heading Number: Figure Number:
Comments:
Suggestions:
Users personal details

Name: Ref. Ind: Signature: Date:
Phone:
Document Control Section Actions
Comment Number: Dates CFDH
Recd: To CFDH: Ref. Ind:
CFDH Actions
Recd Decision: Inits: Ref. Date:
Date: Reject: Ind:
Accept, revise at next issue:
Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
Originator Date: Inits: Document Control Date: Inits:

Advised: Section Advised:

Version: 2.0
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Version: 2.0
CHECK SHEETS AND SCHEDULES
Overhead Lines with Lattice Steel Towers
SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Lines Printed 26/06/08

PDO CW-NNNA1
CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET
CIVIL WORKS
Sheet 1 of 1
INSTALLATION OF
OVERHEAD LINE FOUNDATION REV 0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION DATES
CONTRACT No. EXCAVATION
LOCATION No. CONCRETING
TYPE OF FOUNDATION BACKFILLING
REFERENCE DRAWING
Installation Records Specified Result
1. Deviation from alignment of central peg
2. Depth of excavation
3. Excavation dimensions (layout)
4. Undercut (under-ream) dimensions
5. Chimney/cap dimensions
6. Pad/foundation base dimensions
7. Ground water level
8. Stub angle inclination to vertical (stub rake)
9. Stub level (on 4 legs)
10. Face dimensions between stubs
11. Diagonal dimensions between stubs
12. Twist of stub in plan
13. Concrete strength at 28 days (cube/cylinder)
14. Concrete volume
15. Reinforcement weight
16. Protection painting of chimney/cap/stub
17. Backfill compaction
18. Earthing
B. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS (include notes on bottom heaving, alignment of excavation walls, side caving, site cleaning etc.):
CONTRACTOR PDO CIVIL WORKS

SIGN & DATE SIGN & DATE
REF: SP-1100
PDO CW-NNNA2
TOWERS
Sheet 1 of 1
ERECTION OF OVERHEAD LINE
STEEL LATTICE TOWERS REV 0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION DATES

ERECTION
CONTRACT No.
START
ERECTION
LOCATION No.
COMPLETED
FOUNDATION
TOWER TYPE
CONCRETING
REFERENCE DRAWINGS
Installation Records Result

1. Tower verticality deviation (max 1/480)
2. Twisting at crossarm level [degree]
3. Missing tower elements:
3.1. Structural members
3.2. Bolts and nuts
3.3. Washers and fillers
4. Missing tower accessories
4.1. Anticlimbing device
4.2. Step bolts
4.3. Danger plates
4.4. Number plates
4.5. Bird guards
4.6. Circuit plates etc.
5. Tower elements with defects
5.1. Bended, members with distortion
5.2. Uncleaned members
5.3. Members with damaged galvanization
5.4. Members with white rust
5.5. Members with sectional dimensions less than required
5.6. Thickness of galvanizing less than specified
6. Bolts and nuts check
6.1. Grade of bolts
6.2. Tightening by torque wrench:
6.2.1. for 12 mm bolts (min. 6.0 daN.m)
6.2.7. for 30 mm bolts (min. 25 daN.m)
6.3. Number of threads out of nuts (min.3)
7. Quality of painting
7.1. Stub angle painting
7.2. Tower painting
B. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
CONTRACTOR PDO CIVIL WORKS

SIGN & DATE SIGN & DATE
REF: SP-1100
PDO CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET CW-NNNA3
CIVIL WORKS
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD LINES ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
REV 0
PAINTING CHECK SHEET
PROJECT DESCRIPTION PROJECT WBS No.
SUB-SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SUB-SYSTEM No.
SERVICE DESCRIPTION TAG No.
LINE NAME MINIMUM DFT REQUIRED FOR AIRCRAFT WARNING PAINTING

PRIMER COAT m
LOCATION NO.
INTERMEDIATE COAT m
FINISH COAT(S) m
TOWER TYPE
TOTAL DFT REQUIRED m
Painting
Date of
Measurement
REMARKS
READING ON READING ON READING ON READING ON
RANDOM
GALVANISING [m] PRIMER COAT [m] INTERMEDIATE COAT [m] FINISH COAT(S) [m]
Fabricated Steel Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main Under 5mm Main
Article 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member 5mm thick and Member
Article Mark over over over over
Total Average [m]

DFT [m]
Total DFT [m]
Total DFT requirement
Measured by (Contractor) Checked by (Consultant) Supervised by (PDO)

Name Signature Name Signature Name Signature
PDO E-NNNA4
ELECTRICAL
OVERHEAD LINES ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS Sheet 1 of 1
ERECTION/SAG CHART RECORD REV 0

PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
A. INDENT / CONTRACT No:
OVERHEAD LINE FROM: TO:

SAGGING SECTION FROM: TO:
B. INSPECTION Result
1. Section length
2. Equivalent span
3. Ambient temperature (C)
4. Conductor temperature (C)
5. Sagging Tower No. to Tower No.
6. Check Span Tower No. to Tower No.
7. Sagging span length (m)
8. Check span length (m)
9. Dynamometers
10. Thermometers
11. Sighting Boards
12. Sagscope
13. Final Sag (m)
14. Conductor Tension (kg)
15. Midspan Joints (between Tower Nos.)
16. Conductor Repair Sleeves (between Tower Nos.)

C. REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
COMPLETED BY CONTRACTOR APPROVED BY CONTRACTOR ACCEPTED BY PDO

NAME NAME NAME
COMPANY COMPANY REF. IND.
SIGN & DATE SIGN & DATE SIGN & DATE
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNA5
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD COMPRESSION
JOINTS REV 0
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
LOCATION: SECTION LENGTH:
DRAWING REF NO: TYPE OF STRUCTURE: TENSION / SUSPENSION
OPERATING VOLTAGE: CONDUCTOR TYPE: CONDUCTOR SIZE:
B TEST Results
Tower No R-phase Y-phase B-phase Shieldwire
C REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:
COMPLETED BY CONTRACTOR APPROVED BY CONTRACTOR ACCEPTED BY PDO ELECTRICAL

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB1
PRE-COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL Sheet 1 of 2
INSTALLATION OF OVERHEAD LINES
REV 0
ON LATTICE STEEL TOWERS
INSPECTION
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
A. INDENT/CONTRACT No:
LOCATION: SECTION LENGTH: POLE REF No:
DRAWING REF No: TYPE OF STRUCTURE: TENSION SUSPENSION
SAG / TENSION DRAWING REF No:
WORK COMMENCED ON: WORK COMPLETED ON:
B. INSPECTION Results
1. Check and ensure that foundations are correctly installed
2. Check towers for mechanical damage
3. Check and ensure that all bolts and nuts are correctly fastened.
4. Check and ensure that the towers verticality tolerances are observed.
5. Check and ensure that backfilling, compacting and leveling are completed
6. Check and ensure that damages to galvanising or painting are repaired
7. Check and ensure that all the fittings are tightened and painted to specification requirements
8. Check and ensure that all the insulators are clean
9. Check and ensure that line conductors are correctly clamped/strapped
10. Check and ensure that anti-climbing devices, danger & reflector plates, number plates, phase plates and
name plate are fitted in correct position.
11. Check and ensure that there are no damages to the conductor (strand damages)
12. Check and ensure that sagging is correct and the records submitted.(E-NNNA2)
13. Check and ensure that jumpers for all phases are fixed and the necessary clearances maintained
14. Conduct a random check to ensure that all the clearances are correct and in accordance with specification
requirements
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB1
REV 0
INSPECTION
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
INSPECTION Results
15. Check and ensure that the stub angles and foundation cap is painted according to specification
requirements.
16. Check and ensure that there are not cracks on foundation cap (except hair cracks of max. 0.3mm).
17. Check and ensure that there are not bended elements on tower structure.
18. Check and ensure that there are not missing members on tower structure.
19. Check and ensure that all temporary earth and excess material are removed
20. Check and ensure that all tower areas are shaped to eliminate water ponding
21. Check and ensure that the area around the tower foundations is leveled and all excess earth removed
22. Ensure that tower painting inspection reports are attached.
23. Record the actual clearance at all road/river crossings.

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-NNNB2
REV 0
TESTS
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
FROM TOWER NO: TO TOWER NO:
SAG / TENSION DRAWING REF NO:
B TEST Results
1. Ensure that prior to Site Tests, the Contractor provides Type Test and Routine Test Certificates
confirming that during factory tests of equipment, the criteria for the behavior of the test object
have been fulfilled and all tests have been passed successfully.
2. Ensure that pre-commissioning checks have been carried out and the relevant Construction
Test sheet completed
3. Ensure that earth electrodes have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
4. Ensure that compression joints tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
5. Place danger notices and cordon off the test area
6. Ensure that at tower locations subject of special requirements of safety of public Step and
Touch Voltage measurements have been performed and special earthing installed
7. Measure line resistance (complete):
8. R-phase to Y-phase ()
9. Y-phase to B-phase ()
10. R-phase to B-phase ()

11. Ensure OTDR measurements are within the required / guaranteed limits and relevant test
sheets are attached.
12. Ensure that the results of Optical Acceptance Test (end to end) are within the required /
guaranteed limits and relevant test sheets are attached.

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
Version: 2.0
CHECK SHEETS AND SCHEDULES
Overhead Lines on Wooden Poles
SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Lines Printed 26/06/08

PDO CONSTRUCTION CHECK SHEET E-014A1
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 2
OVERHEAD LINE INSTALLATION REV 2

PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
A. INDENT/CONTRACT No:
LOCATION: SECTION LENGTH: POLE REF No:
DRAWING REF No: TYPE OF STRUCTURE: TENSION SUSPENSION
SAG / TENSION DRAWING REF No:
WORK COMMENCED ON: WORK COMPLETED ON:
B. INSPECTION Results
1. Check and ensure that foundations are correctly installed
2. Check poles for mechanical damage
3. Check and ensure that all poles are impregnated with tar
4. Check and ensure that all unused holes are plugged
5. Check and ensure that the poles are vertically installed
6. Check and ensure that backfilling, compacting and leveling are completed
7. Check and ensure that cross-arms and cross-bracing are straight
8. Check and ensure that damages to galvanising are repaired
9. Check and ensure that all the fittings are tightened and painted to specification requirements
10. Check and ensure that all the insulators are clean
11. Check and ensure that line conductors are correctly clamped/strapped
12. Check and ensure that anti-climbing devices, danger & reflector plates, number plates, phase plates and
name plate are fitted
13. Check and ensure that there are no damages to the conductor (strand damages)
14. Check and ensure that sagging is correct and the records submitted.(E-014A2)
15. Check and ensure that jumpers for all the three phases are fixed and the necessary clearances maintained
16. Conduct a random check to ensure that all the clearances are correct and in accordance with specification
requirements
REF: SP-1100
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 2 of 2

PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
INSPECTION Results
17. Check and ensure that stay anchors are tightened properly
18. Check and ensure that stay insulators are fixed to stay anchors
19. Check and ensure that installation of isolators, surge diverters, post insulators ball and socket insulators
and drop-out fuses are satisfactory
20. Test and record earthing resistance of isolators, surge diverters post insulators ()
21. Check and ensure that isolators operate with easy movement and ability to lock-out
22. Check size of expulsion fuses and spring tension
23. Check and ensure that all temporary earth and excess material are removed
24. Check and ensure that all pole areas are shaped to eliminate water ponding
25. Check and ensure that the area around the pole foundations and guys are rammed and leveled and all
excess earth removed
26. Check and ensure that all the metal parts like cross-arm, stay wires, etc., are bonded (earthing) at the top
27. Record the actual clearance at all road/river crossings

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD LINE ERECTION/SAG
REV 2
CHART RECORD
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
OVERHEAD LINE FROM: TO:

SAGGING SECTION FROM: TO:
B. INSPECTION Result
1. Section length
2. Equivalent span
3. Ambient temperature (C)
4. Conductor temperature (C)
5. Sagging Pole No to Pole No.
6. Sagging span length (m)
7. Dynamometers
8. Thermometers
9. Sighting Boards
10. Sagscope
11. Final Sag (m)
12. Conductor Tension (kg)
13. Midspan Joints (Between Pole Nos.)
14. Conductor Repair Sleeves (Between Pole Nos.)

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B1

PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
FROM POLE NO: TO:
SAG / TENSION DRAWING REF NO:
B TEST Results
1. Ensure that pre-commissioning checks have been carried out and the relevant Construction
Test sheet completed
2. Ensure that earth electrodes have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
3. Ensure that cables have been tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
4. Ensure that compression joints tested and relevant Functional Test sheets completed
5. Place danger notices and cordon off the test area
6. HV pressure test between R-phase to (Y-phase + B-phase):
Insulation resistance before HV pressure test (M)
Applied Voltage (KV dc)
Leakage current (mA)
Duration of test (min)
Insulation resistance after HV pressure test (M)
7. HV pressure test between Y-phase to (R-phase + B-phase):
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B1

PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
8. HV pressure test between B-phase to (R-phase + Y-phase):
9. HV pressure test between Earth to (R-phase + Y-phase + B-phase):
10. Measure line resistance (complete):
11. R-phase to Y-phase ()
12. Y-phase to B-phase ()
13. R-phase to B-phase ()


NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B2
COMMISSIONING CHECK SHEET
ELECTRICAL
Sheet 1 of 1
OVERHEAD COMPRESSION
REV 1
JOINTS
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
B TEST Results
Pole No R-phase Y-phase B-phase Neutral
C REMARKS / OBSERVATIONS:

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100
PDO E-014B3
Overhead Line Test Results REV 1

Well Hook-Up
PROJECT
PROJECT WBS No.
DESCRIPTION
SUB-SYSTEM
SUB-SYSTEM No.
DESCRIPTION
SERVICE
TAG No.
DESCRIPTION
A. LOCATION / STATION: .............. ............... ...........................................

WELL NO. .............. ...........................................
B. INSPECTION:
I.R CHECK 5 kV
R-Y.......................................MOHM R-EYB.......................................MOHM
Y-B.......................................MOHM Y-ERB.......................................MOHM
B-R.......................................MOHM B-ERY.......................................MOHM
LINE RESISTANCE
BRIDGE MEGGER
R-Y.......................................MICROHM
Y-B.......................................MICROHM
B-R.......................................MICROHM
DUCTER
R Y B
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM
POLE............................................ MICROHM

NAME NAME NAME
REF: SP-1100

Installation of Overhead Transmission Lines

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RESTRICTED Document ID : SP-1101 (ERD-63-04) Ver-2

May 2008 Filing key : Business Control

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

Specification for Installation of

Please familiarise yourself with the

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Page 2 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

iii Related Business Processes

Page 4 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.3.3.2.3 Erection of Steel Towers ......................................................................... 25

Page 6 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

1.2 APPLICABLE STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS AND CODES

1.2.1 PDO Standards

SP-1131 Handover & As-Built Documentation.

1.2.2 SIOP/SIEP Standards

1.2.3 International Standards

2. Steel Lattice Towers for Overhead Lines

Page 9 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

4. Phase Conductors & ACS Shieldwire

5. Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW)

Page 10 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

6. Insulator Strings & Conductor Fittings

1.3 COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS

Page 12 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

1.4 ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED FOR APPROVAL

Page 13 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.1.1 Access to Site

2.2 SITE PRELIMINARIES AND PREPARATORY WORKS

2.2.1 Soil Investigations

2.2.2 Line Route Survey

2.2.2.1 Centre Line Survey

Page 14 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.2.2.2 Detail Survey, line profiles and structure spotting

Page 15 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.2.2.4 Structure schedule

2.2.3 Route Clearance

2.2.4 Pegging Out

2.2.5.1 Road and Service Crossings

2.2.5.2 Other Crossings

2.3 LINE ERECTION

Page 17 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.3.2. Erection of Wooden Poles Lines

2.3.2.1 Handling, Transportation and Storage of Wooden Poles

2.3.2.2 Erection of Wooden Poles

Page 18 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.3.2.2.3 Structure erection and alignment

2.3.2.2.4 Wooden Poles Foundations

2.3.2.2.4.1 Concrete for Wooden Poles Foundations

2.3.2.2.4.2 Tolerances for Wooden Poles Foundations

2.3.2.3 Earthing and Bonding of Poles

2.3.3 Erection of Lines with Lattice Steel Towers

2.3.3.1 Foundations for Lattice Steel Towers

2.3.3.1.2 Site Preparation

Page 21 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.3.3.1.5 Reinforcing Steel

2.3.3.1.6 Excavation and Backfilling

2.3.3.1.7 Installation of Foundations

2.3.3.1.8 Bored Piles Installation

Page 23 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08

2.3.3.1.9 Protection of Foundations

2.3.3.2 Erection of Lattice Steel Towers

2.3.3.2.2 Handling and Storage of Steel Towers

Page 24 SP-1101: Specification for Installation of Overhead Transmission Printed 26/06/08