The hurdle was for which phrase we should
Panama Release
Sentiment Analysis
Prologue:
This is a Twitter analysis that is used to analyze
the sentiment response of public about their
political leaders, celebrities, heroes etc.
regarding Panama Papers. We have mined
through Twitter data to see how public
sentimentally response to the people appearing
in Panama.
The Panama release (May-10-2016) contains
about 42000 names; a lot of them are unknown
to the general public. So we short listed the
people appearing in Panama Papers. For this
purpose, we used the list given by Wikipedia,
which contains about 417 names.
To carry out all of this process, we used two
programming languages: Java for Data Mining
and R language for sentiment analysis. The
reason behind why we did not use R for getting
data from Twitter is that: R was not returning
sufficient data from Twitter API. In our case, if
we search on Twitter web site for Emma
Watson + panama, about 25 tweets appear on
browser; on the other hand, if we search the
same phrase using R, then only four tweets are
returned. Furthermore, when we used Java for
such search query, then sufficient number of
tweets was returned.
Framework:
So our, framework includes three steps:
(i) Mine data from Twitter save this data
in local database
search on Twitter to get data about all the
entities appearing in The Panama. Manually
analyzing the tweets about panama, we realized
that most of the tweets that are about Panama
Release, contains a phrase Panama Papers or
some #Panama; regardless of the point that
whether the tweets is about an entity or
generally a comment on Panama Release. So we
decided to use the word Panama for search
purpose. When Panama was searched, a lot
of tweets appeared about Panama (A republic
on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved
independence from Colombia in 1903), or
Panama Canal as garbage to us. Then we figure
out some words that our tweets must not
contain. Here is the query that was used to
search Twitter.
"panama -summer -itunes -travel -orlaeans -
gulf -shore -ocean -jungle -pic -photo -rio -
iceland -trip -sky -beautiful -party -hat -tour -
canal -food -city -beach -born -florida -visit
since:2016-05-10 until:2016-08-14"
Twitter was searched with this query and result
of 10692 tweets was saved to local database.
(ii) Query local database to get data about
a particular entity.
We have a list of names of persons appearing in
Panama Papers, from Wikipedia, in a file. We
searched in local database for tweets about
each entity one by one. When tweets of an
entity are obtained from local database,
sentiment analysis is performed on them and
results are stored back in local DB.
There is Jackie Chan in Wikipedia list, we
queried local database for tweets that contain
the name Jackie Chan. When the tweets are
returned, they are forwarded for sentiment
analysis.
(iii) Perform sentiment analysis on the
data returned from local database.
We performed lexicon based sentiment
analysis, for this we used R language, as it
provides some built-in functions that minimize
line of code.
Results:
Out of our list of 417 entities: 164 where such
entities which were not tweeted about, 85 are
those entities, total tweets on them were less
than five; we ignored all of them. Remaining
168 entities, whose total tweets were more
than four, were considered in drawing out the
results.

The scheme used of sentiment analysis is that, Following is a graph of sentiment analysis of top
we got lists of 2006 positive words and 4783 10 entities on the bases of no. of total tweets
negative words. These are the words that are related to Panama appeared in Panama Papers.
mostly used on social media for positive and
negative expressions. No. of Positive and Negative
For sentiment analysis of tweets; as example words
Jackie Chan, we performed following steps on
Nawaz Sharif
tweets: Maryam Nawaz
Lee Shing Put
Remove all the punctuation marks,
Shahid Nazir
Remove all the usernames, Dan Gertler
Remove links, Ken Whitney
Remove stop words (the, there, he, she, Mark Thatcher
now, when, etc. ) as they have nothing Michael Mates
to do with sentiments, Michael Ashcroft
Gul Muhammad Tabba
Split all the tweets on the bases of
spaces and count the number of 0 100 200 300
positive and the number of negative no. of -ve words no. of +ve words
words in a set of tweets.

Negative count is subtracted from positive References:

count, if result value is negative then
sentiments about a person are negative, if the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_n
value is positive, then the public sentiments are amed_in_the_Panama_Papers
positive. In this way, sentiments are judged.
https://www.cs.uic.edu/~liub/FBS/sentiment-
(iv) Repeat step (ii) and (iii) until the list of analysis.html#lexicon
people named in Panama Papers is not
finished.