Sanitary and Storm

Drainage System Design

Roldan Q, Pineda

The House Drain

. The House Drain is that portion of the
plumbing system that receives discharges
, of all soil and waste stacks within the
building, and conveys the same to the
House Sewer.
r House Drain is also known as Collection
Line of a Plumbing System.
Notes:
House Qrain are installed underground, or mavbe
suspended betow the floor oi inSioe t'ti6 ibiiinu.""

ii.:iii?ru'fl tg,, jltfSf',3iiJF,H'.'eirmi'n:rsF,ttfJll

to the Main Sewer.
Ovr:rsize House Drain reduces the sr

ffi
The Ho-qs-e Dqain shourd.be size correctty to have a flow
about 50o/o of the pipe diamejtel. -"

Classification of House Drain

Combined Drain
is a type of .house drainthat receives discharges of sa,..,,?-, ,t?si
as wellas storm water. This is the oiOest-ioni
no longer permitted.
or .cGi-:;;;*
Sanitary Drain
r;; a type of house drain trat rece:/es re isrra3e
:f sltary ari
clomestic wastes onty. The il.?s s
public sewet.
sr*c = a'sryi-:ani *-
Storm Drain
ff,'-
r.r ares "-''-;."EErtrli"rl.
it convelt a l :rgir Hffi:' gJ{'-fu
ra||-g:.*+e$e e(ceot
saniury ,r"ases i:
=nriroes
IncLffira :-ar
3.'er :*dE
is a ho,.se tr- nrjustnal equ,Drnent
ra erra*- sil'rc ffirm m'"asus *aorffiretr *ases drai
-r-5n5 rtr $Ere er,$l,11[@5 fi setra--drE d-&retrle ;]q -
]rr,mf,
 Fixture Units Values
Kind of Fixture Fixture Unit
Bathtub 2
Hoor Dratr I
Btdtn 9r'rk 2
Resnienxr Snk 1.5
tw#r c* dltsEn Besh 1
La.:nryTrb 2
$,pns ffir 2
Ew Srd( 3
9t, Hotr r tuHk 2
Ithd 5
WeEr Closet 6
CornUnaUon Fixture 3
For wery 15 square foot roof drain I
One bathroom consisting of 1 water closet lavatory, bahtub I
and overhead shower or water closet, lavatory and shower

Determining the Size of House

Drain
If the purpose is for sanitary waste, the
Fixture Unit load discharges will be the
basis of computation. . r

r If the purpose is for storm drain, the roof

area that accumulate the major rainfall
water will be the basis in determining the
size of the pipe
 lllustrative Example
r Determine the size of sanitary house drain to
serue 6 water closet, 5 urinals, 5 shower bath, 6
v/ash basins, 4 floor drains and 3 combined
fixtures.

Size of Sanitary Drains

Pipe Diameter Max No. of Fixture units that maybe connected to
mm 29o slope 39o slope 4olo slope

75 18 18 2l
100 84 96 71,4

L25 t62 216 264

Solution:
. The house drain ls to serve sanitary waste. Thus, cornpnrte fcfture
unlts as follows:
5 x 6 waterclosets = 35 unlts
5xSurinals =25unlts
2 x 5 shower bath = 10 units
lx6washbasln =6units
lx4floordrain =4units
3x 3combinedfixture = 9 units
TOTAL 90 Fixture Units

' fLoF the Tab.le, under column 2olo slope, a 100mm pipe could serve
96 fixture units.

r For a 90 fixture units, specify a 100 mm diameter house drain pipe.

G:arie or Slope of the House Drain
r 'i'he graCe or slope of house drain could
be estimated by dividing the totalpitch in
centimeter by the length of the longest
branch in meter.
Example: If the longest branch of a house
drain is B meters, and the total drop is 16
centimeters, dividing 16 by B meters the
value is 2o/o.

House Drain Appliances

Hou;e Trap
is a device installed in the house drain immediately
inside the foundation wall of the building.
Back Flolv valve
is a der4ce used in a drainage system to prevent the
reversal cf ffolv. These are constructed in two patterns
and are ciax,,Ied as:
- T1' Sa,arce Vaive is the most preferred type because
it has fe re:as:eristcs of non-interferences in the
'
rnc'ferrrfft:'a -s,,:,e r,e drainage system.
- Ti'e Ui'f,a,a:,rec i"=". s rr'ct the Oreferred type
DeG,.s 3r
= f:r-'' :Ef:,-E-{e.
 House Drain Appliances
Area Drain consist of a running trap installed under the
basement floor to protect it from freezing.
Floor Drain is a receptacle used to receive water to be
drained from the floor into the plumbing system.
Yard Catch basin is a receptacle used to catch surface
water drained from cemented courts, driveways and
yards.
Garage Catch Basin is a device designed to convey .,r
wastes from garage, wash rack, grease pits and repair
floors into the house drain.
Grease Basin is a device used in kitchens seruing hotels,
dining rooms, clubhouse and restaurants.

House Sewer
r House sewer is that portion of the horizontal
drainage system, which starts from the outer
face of the building and terminate at the main
sewer in the street or septic tank.
r This is also known as BUILDING SEWER.
. The efficienry of a drainage installation depends
upon the performance of the house sewer, and
efficiency would increase by making good
connection at the main.
 House Sewer Connection to Main
Sewer
r House sewer is connected to the main
sewer by borig a small hole through the
concrete pipe, using a sharpened steel
chisel or elctric drill.
. The house sewer pipe is connected to the
Main Sewer enetring at 45 degrees angle
or directly from the top.

The Storm Drain

r Storm drain is that unit of the plumbing
system that conveys rain or storm water
to a suitable terminal.
r Storm drain is not permitted to discharge
into a septic tank.
 Splash Pan
The Splash Pan is a collector of water cominq down from the
downspout leading the accumulated water afuay from the house at
a relatively low rate of flow.

CI.ASSIFICATION

The Inside Storm Drain - is sometimes located under the basement

floor or within the walls of the buildings.

Outside storm Drain

buildirg.
- is installed outside the foundation wall of the

Overhead Storm Drain -.is adbpted_when-the sUeet drainage is higher

in elevation than the basembnt floor of the building

Size of Storm Drain

Diameter Maximum Drained Roof Area
mm 2olo slope 3olo slope 4o/o slope
7S 114 142 170
100 242 315 388
L25 438 555 594
150 700 903 1105
200 1463 1888 2313
250 2563 3309 4055
300 4100 5290 6480
350 5576 7203 8830
 lllustrative Example
What size of storm drain is adequate to serue
a roof having a slope of 2o/o with a general
dimensions of 20m x 30m?
Solution:

1. Sc,lve for Area = 20m x 30m = 600 sq.m

2, Under 2olo slope, 600 sq.m is under the 700
sg.m roof area which could be served
effectively by 150mm pipe diameter.