Nama : Siti Annisa Akhsani

Class : Lt 3 D

No : 17

POWER TRANSFORMER

Definition of Transformer

A transformer is an elektronic device

that transfers energy from one electrical circuit
to another by mangnetic coupling without using
any moving parts. It is often used to convert
between high and low voltages and for
impedance transformation. The transformer was
an important element in the development of
high voltage electric power transmission and
central generating stations.
The transformer is made of iron, this is
because it is a soft metal and can be turned on
and off as a magnet: the current from the first wire induces a magnetic field in the
transformer, this then induces a current in the second wire.
More coils causes more higher voltage (and lower current.) So if the second side has more
turns of wire wrapped round the transformer it will step the voltage up (step up transformer.)
If the second side has less turns, the voltage will be stepped down (step down transformer.)

Types of Trasformater

Transformer can divided into two types:

1. Step down transformer
Step down transformer are used to step down heigh voltage from 11000 v to 220 v or
110 v and from 220 v or 110 v to
10,12,20 or 24 v.
Because the same magnetic flux lines
cut both coils f transformtor, the
included EMF in the secondary
windings. If the number of turns on the
secondry winding is less than the
number of turns on the primary
winding, then the secondary output
voltage will be less than the primary input voltage. This typr of transformer is called a step
down transformer.
2. step up transformer

If the number of turns on the

secondary winding of a
transformer is greater then te
number of turns on the primary
winding, then the secondary
output voltage will be greater
than the primary input voltage.
This type of transformer is
called a step up transformer.

Ideal Transformer

An ideal transformer consists of two conducting coils wound on a common core,

made of high grade iron.
There is no electrical connection between the coils, they are connected to each
other through magnetic flux.
The coil on input side is called the primary winding (coil) and that on the output
side the secondary.

Transformer Working

The main principle of operation of a transformer is mutual inductance between two circuits
which is linked by a common magnetic flux. A basic transformer consists of two coils that are
electrically separate and inductive, but
are magnetically linked through a path of
reluctance.

As shown above the transformer

has primary and secondary windings. The
core laminations are joined in the form of
strips in between the strips you can see
that there are some narrow gaps right
through the cross-section of the core.
These staggered joints are said to be
imbricated. Both the coils have high
mutual inductance. A mutual electro-motive force is induced in the transformer from the
alternating flux that is set up in the laminated core, due to the coil that is connected to a
source of alternating voltage. Most of the alternating flux developed by this coil is linked
with the other coil and thus produces the mutual induced electro-motive force.
If the second coil circuit is closed, a current flows in it and thus electrical energy is
transferred magnetically from the first to the second coil.
 The alternating current supply is given to the first coil and hence it can be called as
the primary winding. The energy is drawn out from the second coil and thus can be called as
the secondary winding.

Application of Transformer
A transformer is a very common magnetic structure found in many everyday applications.
AC circuits are very commonly connected to each other by means of transformers.
A transformer couples two circuits magnetically rather than through any direct connection.
It is used to raise or lower voltage and current between one circuit and the other, and plays a
major role in almost all AC circuits.
 POWER TRANSFORMER

Definition of Transformer

Types of Trasformator

Transformer Working