TITLE:

NANOCATALYST USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF PETROCHEMICAL

NAME: CHRISHENSON

STUDENT ID: 1001231143

COURSE: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE & BUILT

ENVIRONMENT

UCSI UNIVERSITY
 INTRODUCTION

Catalyst is widely used in industry to speed up reactions by providing an alternative

pathway for break and form of bonds. The fundamental about catalyst is to lower the

activation energy that required for the reaction by providing suitable surfaces that enable

a dissimilar route for chemical reaction to occur. The particles involved in the reaction

that placed on the surface of the catalyst will collide frequently among each other due to

different route of reaction. In industry, most catalyst is used as a fine powder because it

has large surface area to increase the rates of chemical reactions in order to save energy

and reduce cost. This will help to counter the environmental impact caused by chemical

processes in every aspect in society, from agriculture to cosmetics. Nanoparticles growth

mechanism is enough complex process and depended from many conditions (temperature,

viscosity, concentration of medium and etc.)

OBJECTIVES
a) Approx 100% selectivity
b) Extremely high activity
c) Low energy consumption
d) Long lifetime

PREPARATION OF NANOCATALYST

Homogenous Catalyst

a) Chemical reduction method

 Reduction of transition metal salt in solution to form nanoparticles.
b) Thermal, Photochemical, and Sonochemical reduction method
Decomposition of salt to zerovalent form
c) Ligant Displacement method
Displacement of ligand in the organometallic complex.
d) Condensation of metal vapour method
Evaporation of transition metal vapors at reduced pressure subsequently condensation

of these metals at low temperature.

e) Electrochemical Reduction method
Iron metal is reduced at cathode using anode as metal source.

Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous prepared by adsorption of nanoparticles onto support.

APPLICATIONS OF NANOCATALYST IN PETROCHEMICAL

Biomass gasification to produce synthetic gas
Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil
Hydrodesulphurization of Diesel
Hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol
Adsorptive desulphurization

REFERENCES

1. Pal, Sovan lal, Pal, Utpal, Manna, P.K.,Mohanta, G.P. & Manavalan, R. , (2011)

"Nanoparticle : An overview of preparation and characterization", J. of

Pharamaceutical Sci., Vol. 1(6), pp228-234

2. Lue, Juh Tzeng, (2007), "Physical properties of nanomaterials", Encyclopedia of

nanosci. & nanotech., Vol. 10, pp 1-46. Tissue, B.M. and Yuan H.B. , (2003)
3. Hasany, S.F., Ahmad, I., Ranjan, J. & Rehman, A., (2012) "Systematic review of the

preparation techniques of Iron oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles", Nanoscience &

Nanotechnology, Vol. 2(6)