Alana Dolan

Professor Jennifer Santiago

UWRT 1102

28 February 2017

Question: What are the effects of being kept in captivity on animals?

Answer: Zoos have both negative and positive effects on animals kept in captivity.

Thesis: There are many factors that go into whether or not zoos are detrimental to the animals

they contain. While the zoos do have many programs in place that positively benefit the animals

it does not outweigh that there are still negative side effects occurring to theses beloved animals.

Summary of Conclusion: The conclusion will pull together all of the main topics and even some

subtopics in my paper to try and answer the question. In the conclusion it will state how zoos try

and help the animals they care for but ultimately the wild cannot be recreated. Furthermore,

animals need to be in the wild to express there natural instincts and deserve to live their life in

the way that was originally intended.

1.Introduction
A. Ethics Guide: Animals for entertainment
B. Do we need zoos
C. The introduction connects my paper by introducing all of my topics conflicting
opinions. This way I can give a quick surface deep explanation before I explain
them in more detail.
2. History of Zoos
AAgainst Zoos Environmental ethics: readings in theory and
application
B. Zoo: Zoological Park
C. About the Zoo
D. This topic helps connect to my paper in giving a background on zoos and how they
have changed to better the enclosures for the animals. This topic works as the
second paragraph becomes it provides the reader with more information before
they read about the positives and negatives of zoos.
3. The difference between zoos, rehabilitation centers, and sanctuarys
 A.What's the Difference Between a Zoo and a Sanctuary?
B.Zoo Vs. Sanctuary: An Ethical Consideration
C. Defining Issues of Space in Zoos" Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical
Applications and Research
D. These sources help to identify what the difference between zoos, rehabilitation centers,
and sanctuarys. This connects to my paper because it shows alternatives to zoos and how
these programs are better suited for the animals. I put this in as the third paragraph
because the audience needs to understand the information I'm presenting to them
when I'm talking about zoos and the different places that take in exotic animals.
4. How Animal Rights Activist View Zoos
A. The Reality of Zoos
B. Zoos by CAPS
C. The source connects arguments about the animals conditions and how zoos affect
there mental states. Also this connects to my paper because it discusses how
animals are impacted by the zoos and some of the negative side effects. In putting
animal rights views as my fourth paragraph I thought the reader would get an understanding of
why purely based on morals zoos were wrong. Furthermore, in having this as the first
paragraph that expresses what is wrong with zoos I thought the reader would get a better
understanding of the issues when reading them early on in the paper.
5. How Anti-Animal Rights view Zoos
A. Why zoos are good
B. Ethics Guide: Animal Rights
C. These sources help show why people who don't believe animals should have rights
believe we need zoos. It helps my argument in creating holes in the arguments for
zoos and I placed it here to show a general overview of reasons for zoos. This
paragraph is specifically after animal right activists view points so that the reader can
compare and contrast the two different sides.
6. How researchers in animal behaviors view zoos
A. Zoo Animals and Their Discontent
B. Are we Ignoring Neutral and Negative Human-Animal Relationships in Zoos
C. Investigation into Resting Behavior in Asian Elephants in Uk Zoos
D. Searching for Behavioral Indicators of Welfare in Zoos: Uncovering
Anticipatory Behavior
E. Measuring Animal Personality for Use in Population Management in Zoos:
Suggested Methods and Rationale
F. These sources connect to my paper because they show how researchers view animal
behaviors in zoos and if they are having a negative impact on the animals. I
choose this for my sixth paragraph because I wanted to give an idea of how zoos
impacted researchers and what exactly animal behaviorist thought of them.
Also I wanted an experts point of view after talking about the bias opinions of
animal rights and ant-animal rights groups view points on the topic.
7. Zoochosis
A. Zoochosis: The Disturbing Thing That Happens to Animals in Captivity
B. Zoochosis: Abnormal and Stereotypic Behavior in Captive Animal
C. Zoochosis: What Really Happens to Animals in Captivity (VIDEO)
D. Zoos Drive Animals Crazy
 E. These sources help with talking about the negatives of animals being in zoos and how
it affects them negatively. This helps connect to my paper because it shows some
of the negative effects of zoos. I chose to make this my seventh paragraph because I
wanted it after the behaviorist opinions on zoos and how they effect animals. Also
the reader would have a better understanding of animals normal behaviors after reading
about the behaviorists points of views.
8. How Zoos promote animal welfare
A.Promoting Happiness: A Shift in Zoo Animal Welfare
B. Positive Animal Welfare
C. These sources connect to my paper in that they show how the zoos are trying to help
promote animals welfare so they live a long and happy life. I chose to put this
here because I wanted it after my paragraph talking about the negative mental
problems that come with zoos and also how zoos do try to help the animals but
ultimately cannot recreate the wild.
9. How Zoos keep the animals healthy
A. Zoo keeps animals healthy, happy with play, exercise
B. Zoo Nutritionists Keep Animals Healthy and Happy
C. These sources help my paper to show how animals are taken care of in zoos and to
show the kind of treatment they get in the zoos. I choose to put it her because I
wanted to keep this topic with the topic of animal welfare promotion in zoos and
how zoos are helping with conservation.
10. Zoo animals escape
A.Uncaged! When animals escape their zoos
B. How do zoos prepare for dangerous animal escapes?
C. These sources and this topic connect to my paper in they show what can happen when
wild animals escape from zoos and how the zoos deal with this issue. I placed the
topic in the tenth paragraph because I wanted it to go along with the paragraphs on animal
welfare and health.
11. How Zoos are helping conservation and breeding programs
A. How do Zoos Help Endangered Animals
B. In Defense of Zoos: How Captivity Helps Conservation
C. These sources help connect to my paper in the they help support the claim that zoos
are trying to help conservation efforts to save certain animals from going extinct.
12. The negatives of breeding programs
A. Captivity is Not the Answer, Because Captive Animals Do Not Breed With Their Wild
Counterparts
B. The Little Known Downsides to Captive Breeding Programs
C. These sources help my paper with talking about the negative aspects of the breeding
program and how even though it was created to do good it doesn't actually work
in certain situations. I chose to put it here in my paper because I wanted it after
talking about the positives of the breeding program and in the same section of my
paper that is focused on subtopics within zoos.
13. How Zoos promote education
A. A zoo is a great educational tool
B. Can you worry about an animal youve never seen? The role of the zoo in education
and conservation.
 C. These topics fit within my paper because they discuss a major reason people still
believe we need zoos. I wanted it here in my paper because I wanted it within the sections of my
paper talking about subtopics of what zoos do and I wanted it before I talked about how zoos do
not promote education.
14. How zoos dont teach kids as much about the animals as documentary due
A. Animals in Captivity: Do Zoos Actually Educate Visitors?
B. Its Not Happening at the Zoo: Theres no Evidence Zoos Educate in a Meaningful
Way
C. These sources are helpful to my paper because they help in disproving an argument
that zoos education children and thus we need to keep them. I wanted this topic here because I
wanted to keep it with all the other topics talking specifically about zoos and I wanted it after the
articles talking about how zoos educate.
15. Overall comparison of wild vs. captivity
A. Empty the Cages and Tanks! Heres the Truth About the Lives of Animals in Captivity
Versus the Wild
B. Wild vs. captivity by animal welfare institute
C. These sources and this topic help my argument by showing the differences between
the life the zoo provides and the lifestyle the animal would have in the wild. I wanted this topic
last because it shows the main basic differences between the zoos and the wild.
16. Conclusion: Why zoos do and do not have a negative impact on animals in captivity.
A. Ethics Guide: Animals for entertainment
B. Do we need zoos
C. I reused the sources from my introduction to go over more points and to introduce new
information after breaking down all the main topic for and against zoos within my paper.