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O n 26 December 2004, an
earthquake of magnitude
9.3 on the Richter scale, with its
earth rumbled and swallowed all it
could in a matter of minutes.
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Tirunelveli
Kanniyakumari
48.90
11.50 60.00
48.90
71.50
W hen the tsunami struck, the
beautiful beaches, holy
shrines, historical and tourism spots
Total 357.20 293.90 364.90 60.00 1076.00 spread all along the coast were
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10 Tiruvarur - - - - - 29 3 3 14
devastated and reduced to mere debris. 945 people went missing, 3960 people
Huts and pucca houses were flattened, were injured and 4.7 lakh people were
fishing boats smashed, and buses, cars evacuated from their homes. People
and big tankers were strewn around. lost their belongings and property.
An extremely high death toll occurred Around 7995 persons, a majority of
within a span of a few minutes. The whom were women and small
fisherfolk living along the coast bore childrenlost their lives. 197 children
the brunt of the giant waves. Many lost were rendered orphans and 561
their lives and most their livelihood. women were widowed.
The shock of the tragedy left many
Nagapattinam, Kanyakumari,
traumatized. Amidst the tragedy,
Cuddalore, Kanchipuram, Villupuram
examples of tremendous resilience and
and Chennai districts were the most
success also emerged.
severely affected. The other districts
The complex interaction were moderately affected.
between water-borne energy, seabed Nagapattinam was the worst hit,
and terrestrial terrain meant that the accounting for about 76% of the deaths
effects of the tsunami were different in the State, besides heavy loss of
from place to place in the east coast cattle, houses and property. When the
and the west coast of Tamil Nadu. The monstrous waves lashed against the
monster waves redefined the coastline. coastal districts of Tamil Nadu, there
As many as 230 villages and 418 was no alert mechanism, which would
kuppams (hamlets), spread across 13 have provided enough time for
coastal districts were flattened emergency evacuation. The worst hit
completely. Many productive assets of victims were from the defenceless
fishermen, agriculturists and other poorer sections living in low-lying
micro-enterprise owners living along areas, many of whom were simply
the coasts were all either swept away sucked into the sea. Many of the dead
or made non-functional. About 1.18 were the old, the infirm, women and
lakh huts and houses were affected, children who were caught completely
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Agricultural Horticultural
District Cattle Houses Land Land Boats
(Ha) ( Ha)
Wooden FRP
2992
Chennai 2 - 16839 16839 - - 1493 169 - 568
4935
Cuddalore 949 544 2328 2872 1925.48 196.51 5530 862 - 505
2873
Kancheepuram 4 898 3702 4600 248.48 - 1994 784 19 8
7236
Kanniyakumari 1187 3953 3379 7332 12.57 9.7 6582 - 694 385
7604
Nagapattinam 12821 2169 17461 19630 4657.47 456.98 6144 - 1761 869
2342
Pudukottai - - - - - - 191 - 473 30
180
Ramanathapuram - - - - - - 0 - 290 -
522
Thanjavur - - 3 3 - - 47 - 232 -
2888
Tiruvallur 220 - - - - - 516 570 - -
19
Tiruvarur - - 716 716 - - - - 19 -
1160
Tirunelveli 899 - - - - - 1285 - 82 -
2203
Thoothukudi - - 630 630 - - 644 - 600 -
3223
Villupuram - 106 834 940 1616.34 6.63 1691 1017 - 26
38177
16082 7670 45892 53562 8460.34 669.82 26117 3402 4170 2391
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supplying inputs for agriculture, Damage caused to Tamil Nadu Electricity 16. 93
animal husbandry and livestock Boardinstallations
rearing, production of salt from salt Damage caused to water supply systems like
25. 00
pans, petty trade, money lending, infiltrationwells, open wells, bore wells etc. maintained
by TWAD
basket making and masonry. 8460.34
hectares of agricultural land and Damage caused to beach resorts and hotels maintained 4. 48
byTamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation
669.82 hectares of horticultural land
was affected. Damage also resulted 76. 80
Damage to crops
from salinisation of ground water.
Damage caused to ferry services run by Poompuhar 1. 04
Out of 414 totally damaged public Shipping Corporation at Kanniyakumari
buildings, 91 were school buildings, 71
related to health services, 7 were Damage caused to godowns run by Tamil Nadu 0. 27
Warehousing Corporation
public office buildings, 114 were
cyclone shelters and 131 under the 1. 50
Damage caused to Salt Corporation
Animal Husbandry Department. Roads
accessing affected villages and towns Damage caused to Anganwadi Centres
1. 41
were badly damaged.
Damage caused to protected monuments of Tamil 1. 00
The sheer magnitude of the NaduArchaeological Department
impact initially destroyed much of the
Damage caused to food grains stored in the godowns
communication and transport ofTamil Nadu Civil Supplies Corporation at Port
2. 44
infrastructure in the affected coastal godown,Nagapattinam
areas. Lack of electricity, poor
drainage and lack of drinking water ration shops, balwadis, water supply
plagued the already distressed people. lines, school buildings, bridges,
Open wells, infiltration wells and bore highways and stadium light posts were
wells were blocked by silt. Pump rooms either partially or fully destroyed. Two
either got washed away or were Government Hospitals and several
damaged. Pipe connections broke and Primary Health Centres and Health Sub-
electrical installations were damaged. Centres were badly decimated.
Sanitary complexes, libraries, village
gymnasiums, bus shelters, metal Although the unprecedented
roads, cement roads, black topped scale of human death, homelessness,
roads, electrical posts, community displaced population and damage was
temples, halls and stages, post offices, more confined to rural areas rather
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I n Kancheepuram district,
nearly 44 kuppams in 30
revenue villages were affected leaving
many lives were lost when compared
to other districts, quite a number of
fishing implements were lost depriving
a population of nearly one lakh people of their livelihood resources.
stranded. The destruction was so
severe that several pucca houses were
TIRUNELVELI, THANJAVUR,
flattened and fishing boats smashed.
The East Coast Road saved many TIRUVALLUR, TIRUVARUR,
habitations lying to the west but the VILLUPURAM AND PUDUKOTTAI
smaller coastal hamlets became
deathbeds and 130 persons died in the
district. I n Tirunelveli district, 13
hamlets were affected and
5626 families were exposed to the high
The nuclear atomic power plant tide risk zone, forcing them to consider
at Kalpakkam has always been a relocation to safer places.
sensitive area. Though seawater
entered the power plant, the authorities In Thanjavur district, the tsunami
promptly dispelled fears of danger. caused extensive damage to 22
seashore villages in Pattukkottai and
Peravurani taluks. A 9-year-old boy
RAMANATHAPURAM who was playing by the seashore near
his house died. About 37 people who
I n Ramanathapuram district,
six huts of fishermen at Thondi
had travelled to Nagapattinam and
Kanniyakumari districts lost their lives
there. Besides, 47 catamarans, 232
vallams and 40,692 kg of fishing nets
were damaged.
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