a PUTA Rex wa bh A) | Spectrum PeV _ 2017 Rapid Concept Revision Laws of Motion and Friction MoT em tal -icey ar RESP EELDS (icine alread a Moving Charges & Magnetism ESTAS TET) TEST RiDER FOR JEE MEDi QUEST FOR NEET TEST DRiVE FOR BOARD JUVENILEZ GOLDEN OLDIES teat cna Thermodynamics RAINBOW kinetictheory of Gasses FUN ARCADE MEGA ISSUE 2 More Pages: More Features More Practice.* AQDAYS JEE MAIN 2016 ARevision Cum Crash Course for JEE MAIN 2017 PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, MATHEMATICS a * Come IC om PT JEE Main DAES aU 142 %370 143 2370 127 7360 C126 7360 C125 7360 For further information about the products from Arihant log on to wwwarihantbooks.com or email to info@arihantbooks.comP YSICS Dear Aspirants, |New ifr avays brings ae hopes, ne plas new etic ad ewe resolutions to our life. like January, because itis the month in which, I can see a pectrum ole year stething ot ahead of me, Slowly 2016s winding down and 2017s knocking at our doors Publisher PARUL JAIN Chairman YCJAEM Science has growth in its roots. We are always in the process of giving new . dimensions to our knowledge. Every part and particle of nature is constantly busy Ell ad. SANA SEAR in doing its work, The more you wtk the more time you will ave to ull ew Paltishing Manager AMT ‘commitments. The present world has become so competitive, you will have to do Project ead ZEBA SIDDIQUE your best to secure your share of success. Coordinator PRACHL SINGH SAINT ‘ " Proucon Manager SIEM SINGH rom now all of you must be inthe phase of revision. This las lap of 90 days is (evan NEL XUMAR GHTEA very crucial for any aspirant and from the side of spectrum family, personally Aberivement ‘BLS136130 © assure you that we will try to create more and more to help you out. Along with all Genera Mager ‘HEEB om these, one personal piece of advice from my side is Cover bayou Deis SHAN MANSOORL “Tey to manage your Tine as you manage your Money: Toe toigie | AME BANSAL “Try to manage your Time as you manage your Money’ Diogo —BRAIAMPALSINGL ‘The spectrum team will be anxiously waiting for your feedbacks and comments "ypeseing MAYANK,SANDEER ARVUN.VIRIN Good buck py Etre OBIT Pooper ANETERIBAR oot Headojfce ARIHANT MEDIA PROMOTERS KALINDL, TP NAGAR.AG Phone o121-2401479,2512870 ===<- Contents Cinstion ARAN MEDIA PROMOTERS eg fee 43713 AcARVAL ROAD, . a DARYA GAN; NEW DELI 2 Rapid Concept Revision @ Class XI (02) i 01-47630500, Test Rider JEE Main Prep Up (20) © Publisher Printed and Published by Parl jin or ‘Test Rider JEE Main Scale Up (27) -Aribant Media Promoters Printed at Arihan Publications (India) Lad JEE Advanced Drill (32) TER Naga Meerut (U2) + Abigis ered Nopute ismaguinecnbepeatdia | Explication (40) ‘ern prtwikou the wen pean he shee (ul) pabitee Amplifier (41) + Thies nd ebb gin do rb o sesh adroit dot ke soy ain Te 3 ‘pny rt cite cay rain Brain Teasers (43) pabhed + Al pte eject to Mera (0 jittion ok Rainbow (45) Concept Map (48) Rapid Concept Revision @ Class XII (50) Medi Quest (76) Golden Oldies (80) Test Drive Board Exam Prep Up (85) Test Drive Board Exam Fun Arcade (94) Quizzer (96) ale Up (90)@ CLASS XI SYLLABUS Rapid CONCEPT REVISION (> LAWS OF MOTION AND FRICTION KINETICS In kineties we deals with forces causing motion of bodies, ties Kinematics Kratos {Study af mation Physical sc reloconce cof bodies concerning to cause 9! motion forces causing motion) 1. Inertia Inherent property of all bodies due to which they resist any change in their present state. Inertia is of three types Inertia of rest, Inertia of motion and Inertia of direction. Inertia is not a physical quantity so it does not have any Inertia of a body of higher mass is more than that of a body of lower mass. 2. Linear Momentum 02 Linear momentum of a body is the quantity of motion contained in the body. It is measured in terms of the force required to stop the body in unit time. It is measured as the product of the mass of the body and its velocity i.e., momentum = mass x velocity. If body of mass m is moving with velocity v then its linear momentum pis given by p= mv. Itis a vector quantity and it’s direction is the same as the direction of velocity of the body. JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SPECTRUM + Units : kg-m/s [SI] and dimension [MLT~!] + two objects of different masses have same momentum, the lighter body possesses greater velocity. p= mv, = mv = constant 4 Mie ved [as p is constant) 3. Newton's First Law + A body continues to be in its state of rest or uniform motion along a straight line unless it is acted upon by some external force to change the state ile. Acceleration, a= 0->2F =0->5R, =0 IF, =0,2F, + This law tells us that to produce an acceleration in a body we need a force but the law does not tell us how much force is needed. + The frame of reference in which Newton's first law is valid is called inertial frame, ie. if a frame of reference is at rest or in uniform motion, it is called inertial while if a frame of reference is an accelerated one, then itis called non-inertial, 4, Newton's Second Law + The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the force applied to it, i.+ Ifforce applied, ie. F = Othen Newton's second law gives a= 0, Therefore, it is consistent with first law. + In case of particles moving towards each other under mutual forces, according to Newton's second law. = F, =-F, ice. for every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction, which is Newton’s third law. 5. Newton's Third Law + ‘To every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction, ie. the force of action and reaction are always equal and opposite to each other. + There is no time lag between action and reaetion, ie. they act simultaneously. Furthermore, reaction exists only as long as action is present. + Whenever one force acts on a body, it gives rise to another force called reaction, ic. a single isolated force is physically impossible. This is also why total internal force in an isolated system is always zero. + Action and reaction never act on the the same body, but always on different bodies, If action and reaction had been acting on the same body, then body will be in equilibrium and no motion would have even taken place. ‘Area under force (F) versus time (2) graph gives total change in linear momentum, ie. impulse J = [°F dt = [ap =total change in linear momentum = Impulse, 6. Law of Conservation of Momentum + The total linear momentum of an isolated system of partiles is conserved. This law follow from the second and third law of motion. + A rocket is an example of a system with varying mass Rocket propulsion has been explained in terms of the principle of conservation of linear momentum + The velocity () of rocket at any time ¢ is given by =ielog,| 2] where, a is initial velocity of exhaust gases relative to the rocket, my is initial mass and m is ‘mass of rocket at time ¢. The thrust on the rocket is given i by P= o(), where 2” is the rate of combustion of » dt f fuel at the instant ¢ 7. Pseudo Force + As an observer on the accelerating train, if you apply Newton's second law to the puck as it accelerates towards the back of the train, you might conclude that a force has acted on the puck to cause it to accelerate, We call an apparent force such as this a fictitious force or ppsoudo force because itis due to an accelerated reference frame, Remember that real forces are always due to interactions between two objects. A fictitious force iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION appears to act on an object in the same way as a real force, but you cannot identify a second object for a fictitious foree. + Fictitious forces may not be real forces, but they can have real effects, An objects on your dashboard really slides off if you press the accelerator of your car. As you ride on a ‘merry-go-round, you feel pushed toward the outside as if due to the fictitious “centrifugal force.” You are likely to fall over and injure yourself if you walk along a radial line while the merry-go-round rotates. The Coriolis force due to the rotation of the earth is responsible for rotations of hurricanes and for large-scale ocean currents. + Pseudo force arises only in a non-inertial or accelerated. frame. + Newton's laws are not valid in presence of any pseudo force. 8. Equilibrium +A aystem is said to be in sy equilibrium if it does not tend to undergo any further change ofits own. Any further change | rust be produced by external. "7%; " means (e. force). +A body is said to be in translational equilibrium = = if the sum of all the forces E, acting on the body is zero. Forequiedun ZF = @ BE yy =A +B, + Fy = w or SF, =F, + Fa + Fe @ and IF, =F, + Fy +F,,=0 ® If the particle is at rest, itis in static equilibrium; whereas if it is moving at a constant velocity, it is in dynamic equilibrium. In cither case 2F = 0. + The simplest kind of equilibrium situation is one where two forces acting on a body balance each other. When you stand motionless, you experience the downward gravitational pull of the earth, your weight W. The weight isbalanced by an upward force exerted on you by the floor. ‘This force is perpendicular to the floor and it is called a Normal Force, PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY 1. Make a simple sketeh showing the body under consideration. 2, Wentify the forces acting on tho body, Draw arrows on your sketch to show the direction of each force acting on the body, in other wards, make the free body dia 3. Choose 2 coordinate system and resolve the forces int components that are parallel tothe coordinate axes 4, White the equations for equilibrium along each axis of the coordinate syst 8. Solo the equations forthe requited unknowns. PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 03© RAPID CONCEPT REVISION Practice ‘SHOTS, 1, Following graph shows (x~ 0; displacement-time variation of a body of mass 0.4 kg. The magnitude of each impulse is @)0.8Ns @02Ns 2. A ball of mass 0.2 kg is thrown vertically upward by applying a force by hand. If the hand moves 0.2 m while applying the force and ball goes upto 2m height further, find the magnitude of the force. (g=10 ms) @4n ()16N (@)0ANs OWN — ON (BBN 3. Aplayor caught a erickot ball of mass 150 g moving fat a rate of 20 ms“ If the catching process is completed in 0.1 s, the force of blow by the ball is (@150N BSN @3ON (4) 300N 4. A particle of mass 0.3 kg is subjected to a force F =—kx with k =15Nm™. What will be its initial acceleration, if it is released from a point 20 em away from the origin? %(6)15 ms* (5 ma 2 (@)3 ms" (@)10 ms" 5. A machine gun fires a bullet of mass 40 g with a speed of 1200 ms“, The man holding it can exerted ‘a maximum force of 144 N on the gun. How many bullets he can fire per second at the most? @. ws (2 ws 6. Three forces start acting simultaneously at 1-0 over a particle moving with velocity v, These forces fare represented in magnitude and direction by 3 sides of a triangle ABC as shown. The particle will move after 3 s with a velocity of boo. (©) more than v (a) less than v (©) less than 2 (4) with same velocity v /. Arrocket with a lift mass 25% 10* kg is blasted upwards with an initial acceleration of 10 ms~*, Then initial thrust of blast is (a) a5x10°N (ux N Two forces are such that the sum of their magnitudes is 18N and their resultant which has magnitude 12 N, is perpendicular to the smaller force. Then the magnitude of the forces are (@12N,6N 6)18N,5N ()10N,8N (d)16N,2N Forces F,, F, and F, are acting on a particle of mass m such that F, and F, are mutually perpendicular. It is observed that the particle remains stationary. If force F, is removed then acceleration of the particle is (7 x108N (175% 10°N oy Eke we 10. A reference frame attached to the surface of earth, (a) Is an inertial frame of reference by definition. (©) Cannot be an inertial frame because the earth is revolving round the sun, (o) Is an inertial frame because the earth is revolving round the sun, (a) Is an inertial frame because Newton's laws are applicable in this frame. APPLICATIONS OF LAWS OF MOTION Newton’s laws found their applications in nearly every 2. Acceleration of a Body over a case of mechanics, We are discussing few of them, 1. Apparent Weight of a 7 Body ina Lift RK, + The reaction exerted by the surface of contact on the body is. the apparent weight of the body. Tf we use Find law ‘lM Prog = Ma * and R-mg=ma | Rema +0) toa + ais taken negative if lift is moving downwards and positive if itis moving upwards. (04 » JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SI Smooth Surface + When x pull is horizontal (as shown in figure) m | ee Ih R=mg and F =ma + When a pull is acting at an angle (@) to the horizontal (upward), As shown in figure R+Fsind=me F sno > R=mg-Fsine and F cos@ = ma F cos+ When a push is acting at an angle (0) to the horizontal B (downward) ‘As shown in figure R=mg + Fsind and F cos = ma 088 TR 3. Acceleration of a Body Placed Over a Smooth Inclined Plane + When inclined plane is at rest Normal reaction R =mg cos0 Force along a inclined plane F=mgsino ma =mg sin® a=gsino + When a inclined plane given a horizontal acceleration a towards left Since the body lies in an accelerating frame, an inertial force (mb) acts on it in opposite direction. Normal reaction (as shown in figure) R=mg cos0 + mbsind and ‘ma = mg sin0 - mb cos a= gsin® - beos8 The condition for the body to be at rest relative to the inclined plane a= gsin® ~bcos =0 b=gtano 4, Motion of Connected Bodies Newton's laws finds their application in analysis of motion of connected bodies. + For unequal mass (rm, > ms, suspended from a pulley (2 =") ‘ + Body accelerated on a horizontal surface (m,) by a falling body (m) [7 ‘through a pulley (as shown) ui mcoss (a) Acceleration, a (@) Acceleration, «(ate «tension 1 =( Pete iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION + Motion on a smooth inclined plane (o Acclration = (=M288) (b) Tension, 7 = Muma(+ sin Og * (im, +m) + For ablock system and pulley shown in figure, . (rm +m —ms)8 (a) Acceleration, a = TS mise Gm +m, +m) Bang rm, + m9) (mn, +m + m,) msm, +mg)g Gm, +m, + my (b) Tension, 7, = Tension T; and net tension, 7 = 27, = + For pulley and block arrangement shown in figure, (a) Net acceleration, net accelerating force __ (rm total mass Gm, +m, + M) ” Cs (M+ 2m msg (Me m+m,) 1m) (frm, +m.) + For pulley and block system on a smooth double inclined plane as shown in figure, we have (msin@, ~m, sin@,)g ma) =mlg-a) = and tension, T; =m,(g +4) a) Net acceleration, a = @ (my, mmy(sin®, +sin8,)g (b) Tension in string, 7 (m+ mg) PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 05© RAPID CONCEPT REVISION Practice 'SHOTS| 11. A spring balance is attached to the eeilling of a lif. ‘A man hangs his bag on the hook of spring balance. ‘The spring balance reads 49 N, when the lift is stationary. If the lift moves downwards with an acceleration of 5ms™*, the reading of the spring balance will be @Un (1sN O)T4N ssn 12. A lift is moving down with an acceleration a. A man in lift drops a ball inside the lift. The acceleration of ball ‘as observed by the man in lift and a man standing over the ground outside the lift are respectively. sg Oe-agra We-ae Wag 13. Three identical blocks each of mass 2 kg are drawn by ‘a force 10.2 N with an acceleration of 0.6 ms on a frictionless surface, then what is the tension in the string between blocks B and C? eH Ha (@92N 78N AN (@98n 14, Two masses m, = Skgand m, = 48kgare tied toastring that passes over a light frictionless pulley. What is the acceleration of masses when system is left free to move? (g=98 ms) (a) 0.2 ms ()9.8ms"* 5 ms* (48 ms* 15. A block is kept on a frictionless inclined surface with angle of inclination a. The incline is given an acceleration a to keep the block stationary. Then a is equal to (a) goose, (© gtana ©) g cosecn (@) goote 16. A block is released from rest on an incline of angle 45° and is allowed to slide a distance d. If time taken to slide down a smooth incline is n times that of a rough ineline, the coefficient of frietion is Ons = fouy-1-4 f-2 \ fouy=1+4 @us= if Cuya1+ 3 Dies b+ 06 » JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SI 17. Consider two blocks A and B placed over two inclined planes with angle 60° and 30° cy 3 Relative vertical acceleration of Awith respect to Bis, (@4.9ms* 49 ms foo 98m" 18. A mass of M kg is suspended by a weightless string. ‘The horizontal force that is required to displace the ‘mass untill string makes an angle of 45° with the MgB (@ Mas -1) 19. block of mass m is connected to another block of ‘mass M by an ideal massless spring of spring constant the blocks are kept on smooth horizontal plane ee Ifa constant force of magnitude F is applied on block of mass M then the force on m will be mE Os mk fay @ Qi we me ye mE w ime wm 20. An end of a rope is tied to a hook and other end is hanging free after passing over a pulley. Maximum tension which rope can bear is 360 N. With what value of maximum safe acceleration can a ‘man of 60 kg climb on the rope? (a) 16 ms* @)6 ms? (o4me* (@) Man of such weight cannot climb aver this ropeiS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION FRICTION + Whenever the surface of a body slides over that of another, each body exerts a force of friction on the other, parallel to the surfaces. The force of friction on each body is in a direction opposite to its motion relative to the other body. + The force of friction comes into action only when there is a relative motion between the two contact surfaces or when an attempt is made to have it. + Itis a self adjusting force, it can adjust its magnitude to any value between zero and the limiting (maximum) value, ic. SPS fae + The frictional force acting between any two surfaces at rest with respect to each other is called the foree of statie friction, And the frictional force acting between surfaces in relative motion with respect to each other is called the force of kinetic friction or sliding friction, 1. Laws of Friction ‘The limiting (or maximum) force of friction is proportional to the normal force that keeps the two surfaces in contact with cach other, and is independent of the area of contact between, the two surfaces. Mathematically, Trea = WN 2. Properties of Friction + If the body does not move, then the static frictional force f, and the external force F parallel to the surface are equal in magnitude and f, is directed opposite to F. If the external force F increases, then f, also increases. + The maximum value of stati friction is given by Faas =H where 11, = static coefficient of friction and NV is the magnitude of the normal reaetion. If the external force F exceeds fgauthen the body slides on the surface. + If the body begins to slide along the surface, the magnitude of the frictional force rapidly decreases to a constant value of fy given by f= wheres is the coefficient of kinetic friction ‘ Sirocin ang ‘Te variation ofthe fore of rction with the appled force, ‘Wnen the block i at rest the force of state tion) balances the applod force Funk, reaches 3 ‘maximum valve cated limiting ction. When te block ‘moves, its subjected to tho foeo of Kno ton. 3. Angle of Friction It is the angle which the resultant of the limiting friction and the normal reaction makes with the normal reaction, ic. Hs = tan, where is the angle of friction. 4. Angle of Repose It is the minimum angle that an inclined plane makes with the horizontal when a body placed on it just begins toslide down, If9is the angle of repose, then ian § =1Ls Angle of repose (0) = Angle of friction (6) me acoso Block over inclined plane 5. Motion down the Plane @ When an inclination is greater than repose then the body is sliding down the rough inclined plane with some acceleration given by a= gsinO-itg g cos (Gi) Inclination ais less than angle of repose and the body is pulled down the plane with uniform velocity by applying an external force P is given by P=ygmg cosa.—mg sinc. ii) When inclination is less than repose and the block is pulled down with certain acceleration, then =umg cose. + ma 6. Motion up the Plane ( Inclination may be greater than or less than the angle of repose but the body is projected up the plane with some initial velocity. In this case, the net retardation acting on the body is given by a= gsind="_g cosd (ii) Force required to pull the body up the plane with, constant velocity, P=mgsina—-ugmg cose Force required to pull the body up the plane with constant acceleration, P =mg sino.—uxmg cosa + ma If-an object slides down a rough inelined plane of inclination 8 is n times, the time it takes to slide dev a similar amooth inlined pane, then Gi w=tano [1h] PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 07iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION Practice ‘SHOTS’ 21. Minimum force required to push a body up a rough (coefficient of friction u) inclined plane is F, while the minimum force needed to prevent it sliding down is F,, If angle of inclination of inclined plane is 8 such that tan@ = 2u then the ratio F, Fy is (wa on 2 ws 22. A inclined plane of inclination angle ¢ is such that its upper half of slant surface is perfectly smooth while the lower halfis rough. Ifa body starting from rest at the top will again come to rest at the bottom then the coefficient of friction for the lower half must be (@)2sino—@)2ea89(@)2tano— tang 23.A block rests over an inclined plane (@= 30° and 1 =08). If friction force on the block is 10 N, the mass of the block in kg is (20 O40 1B 4) 25 24, Minimum velocity (in ms“) with which a car driver must traverse flat curve of radius 150m and coefficient of friction 0.6 to avoid slidding is (a0 30 we (a2 25. A block of 2 kg is given a speed of 6 ms” is stopped by friction in 10 s over a flat surface. The coefficient of fiction is (002003 @O0B (aM 26.A block B of mass 0.2 kg is placed over a block A of mass 1 kg. A is placed over a smooth frictionless surface. Coofficient of static friction between A and B is 0.15. With what force A must be pulled so that B began to slide over A? (@) 1.7648 (woaTe4N (03N (d) None ofthese 27. An insect is crawling up over a hemispherical bowl. Coofficient of fiction between insect and surface is 13. If line joining insect with the centre of hemispherical bowl makes angle a then, maximum possible value of o is fa) cot" 3 () tan? fe)sec™ 3 (d) cosec* 3. 28.1n given figure, if coefficient of friction = sm, =4keg, mass m, = 20 kg and g =10 ms then, acceleration of black mis 0.03, mass (@)18ms* —@)08ms* (14 ms @) 04 ms~* (08 » JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SPECTRUM (29. Aheavy uniform chain lies over a horizontal table top. Coefficient of friction of surface of table and chain is 0.25, What % of length can be hung from table edge without slipping? (Ie =) BR (OBR (IB. 30. A block of mass 0.2 kg can be held stationary against vertical surface of wall of a room by applying @ horizontal forces of 10 N. Coefficient of fiction botweon wall and block is for wor 0s wos Answers 1) 2) BD) 61) 7) BH) 1040) Mie) 12613.) 1G) 15.6) 16) 17.6) 18.) 18-20) atid) Zt) BHO} LIC) 26.(a) 27. fa) 2B). La) © -30.1). WB JEE ENGINEERING ENTRANCE EXAM 2017 SOLVED PAPERS (2016-2006) W333 ENGINEERING ENTRANCE EXAM BTN a dt) co7s| 2415MASTER STROKES 31.A block of mass m is at rest under the action of force F against a wall as shown in figure. Which of the following statement is incorrect? UUEE 2005), i (a) f= mg (where f is the frictional force) (6) F=N (where N is the normal force) (6) F will not produce torque (d) N will not produce torque 32. The pulleys and strings shown in the figure are smooth and of negligible mass. For the system to remain in equilibrium, the angle0 should be |J££ 2004) a ! a ar 30" as wer 33.A string of negligible mass going over a ‘clamped pulley of mass m supports a block ‘of mass M as shown in the figure. The force on the pulley by the clamp is given by DEE 2006}, (a) Mg (0) Sm (o) ai Ma mam @ Oem 34. Given in the figure are two blocks A and B of weight 20 N and 100 N respectively. These are being pressed against a wall by a force F as shown in figure. If the coefficient of friction between the blocks is 0.1 and between block B and the wall is 0.15, the frictional force applied by the wall in block Bis UEE 20151, Esl 4 fats} o Joe Wie-20N Ih y= 200N (@100N — @)120N(@)8ON ISON 35. A block of mass m is placed on a surface with a vertical cross-section given by y= 2"/6. If the coefficient of friction is 0.5, the maximum height above the ground ‘at which the block ean be placed without slipping is EE 2014) im 2 olm 1 @tm 6) ; ) 36.A block of mass m, another mass m,=2 kg are placed together (see figure) on an inclined plane with angle of inelination 0. Various values of © are given in List I. The coefficient of friction between the block m; and the plane is always zero, The coefficient of static and dynamic friction between the block m, and the plane are equal tou = 0.8 FE 2014 Adv.) In List IT expression for the friction on the block my are given. Match the correct expression of the friction in List II with the angles given in List I, and choose the correct option. The acceleration due to gravity is denoted by g. ‘Useful information tan (55 tan (165°) = 03) List & IN °) 04, tan(115*) = 02, List mgqsin® (ong +m) gsind uma cos Gm, + m)ge0s0 )P-2, Q2,R2 (@)P-2, Q2, R883 37. A block of mass m is on an inclined plane angle, The coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is and tan >y. Tho block is held stationary by applying a force P parallel to the plane. The direction of foree pointing up the plane is taken to be positive. As P is varied from P,=mg(sin®-11cos®) to Py =mg(sind + 1 cos0), the frictional force f versus P raph will look like ee 2010) ee @ + ott PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 09© RAPID CONCEPT REVISION 38. What is the maximum value of the force F such that the block shown in the arrangement, does not move? (@20N @12N @i5N 39. A block of mass 0.1 kgis held against a wall applying a horizontal force of 5 N on the block. Ifthe coefficient of friction between the block and the wall is 0.5, the magnitude of the frietional force acting on the block is (@25N (6)0.98N (49N (@)049N 40. A block of mass 2 kg rests on a rough inclined plane making an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the plane is 0.7. The frictional foree on the block is (a) 98N ()07 x 98x JBN ()98 x JBN (or x98 41. A small block of mass of 0.1 kg lies on a fixed inclined plane PQ which makes an angle® with the horizontal. Ahorizontal force of 1 N acts on the block through its centre of mass as shown in the figure. The block remainsstationary if take g =10m/s*) yee 2012), (@)10N (ajo= 45" (= 30" ()e= 60° (a)0= 15" 42.1n the figuro, a ladder of mass m is shown leaning against a wall, Itis in static equilibrium making an angle 8 with the horizontal floor. ‘The coefficient of friction between the wall and the friction between the wall and the ladder is 4, and that between the floor and the ladder is, ‘The normal reaction of the wall ofthe ladder is N, andthat ofthe floor is Ny. If the ladder is about to slip, then DEE 2014 Adv.) (ay = Oy 4 and N, tens 2 (Dis # Og = Dand Ny tan = (OM, # Oy # Dand N, = — Tug ma 43. Two blocks A and B of equal masses are released from an inclined plane of inclination 45° at ¢=0. Both the blocks are initially at rest. The coofficiont of kinetie friction > between the block A and the inclined plane ig 0.2 while it is 0.3 for block B. Initially the block A is «2m behind the block B. (take g = 10 m/s*) What is the acceleration of block A down the plane (a) 4V2 ms~* (6) 242 ms* va me (@) 352 ms 44..n the figure masses m,,m; and M are 20 ke, 5 kg and 50 kg respectively. The coefficient of friction between ‘M and ground is zero. The coefficient of friction between m, and M and that between m, and ground is 0.3, The pulleys and the strings are massless. The string is perfectly horizontal between F, and m, and also between P, and my ‘The string is perfectly vertical between P, and P,. An external horizontal force F is applied to the mass M. (take g = 10 m/s”). Causes friction f; at surface of m, and frietion fz at surface of my, af | he G If f, ~ 2f; then, what is the value of F ? @30N ION (0) 60N 45, Block A of mass m and block Bof mass 2m are placed on a fixed triangular wedge by means of a massless, in extensible string and a frictionless pulley as shown in figure. The wedge is inclined at 45° to the horizontal on both sides. The coefficient of frietion between block A and the wedge is 2/3 and that ‘between block B and the wedge is 1/3. If the blocks A and B are released from rest, find tension in the string, @4N wa. 3 (aw 3m ) 20mg (0) me 46. Two blocks connected by a massless string slides down an inclined plane having an angle of inclination of 37°. The masses of the two blocks are M, = 4kg and M, = 2kg, respectively and the coefficients of friction of M; and M, with the inclined plane are 0.75 and 0.25 respectively. Assuming the string to be taut, find the common acceleration of two masses. (sin 87° = 06, cos 37° = 08) (take g = 98 m/s*)XY NN (a) 1.5 ms ims (0) 2.5 ms" @13 ms* 47. Ablock of mass 2 kg slides on an inclined plane which makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is V/3//2. What force along the plane should be applied to the block so that it moves down without any acceleration? iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION 49.A block of mass 1 kg lies on a horizontal floor of a truck, Coefficient. of friction between block and truck's surface is 0.6, If truck accelerates at 5 m/s” , the frictional force on the block is @5N @ION — @25N IBN 50.A circular dise with a groove along its diameter is placed horizontally. A block of mass 1 kg is placed as shown. The coefficient of friction between the block and all surfaces of groove in contact is u = 2/6. The has an acceleration of 25 m/s?. The acceleration of the block with respect to dise is (lake g =10 m/s?) 25 me (a) Less than 11 N (6) More than 11 N {) Less than 10 N * 2 * 2 (d) Less than 9 N (@10ms* — @)5me* 1B ms* (d) 2 ms 48. A block is moving on an inclined plane 0 = 45°. Foree Answers required just to push up the block is 3 times of the force required just to prevent slipping of block down S11 82 (0) $3.4) 9H (6) 85.) the plane. What is the coefficient of friction between 96: {¢) 97. (a) 98. (a) 98. (0) 40. (a) block and plane? 41(@) 42.1) 43, (@) 486) 48, (0) (aon 08 05 aoa 46. (0) 47.(0) 48.) 48. (a) 80.) The Highly Useful ate NCERT EXEMPLAR as arihant FOR CLASS XI & XII F281 150 Detailed Explanation to all Objective & Subjective Problems of NCERT Exemplar Books F279 2175, PROBLEMS-SOLUTIONS Rete ETT E TUG NCERT F282 %175 F278 *150 PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 ¢ 11By WORK, ENERGY AND POWER BASIC CONCEPTS OF WORK, ENERGY AND POWER 1. Work ‘The work W done by a constant force F when its point of application undergoes a displacement s is defined to be WF scos “a F F @ ‘The work W done by the fore F when ts point of ‘soplcation undergoes a displacement sis WaF's=Fecos0 where, is the angle between F and sas indicated in figure. Only the component of F along s, that is Fcos0, contributes to the work done. + Work is also defined as the dot produet of foree and its displacement as given by W-Fs ti) + Interms of rectangular components, the two vectors are F=Rit F,j+ Rk and s= Aci + Ayj+ Ack hence, Eq, (ii) may be written asW= F,Ax+ F,Ay+ F,A2, + Work is a scalar quantity, Units : The units of work are of two types Absolute units Gravitational units Jegem [SI]: 2kg-m of work is done when a foree of Ikg-wt. displaces the body through Im in ite own direction Joule (St): Work done is said to be one Joule, when 1 [Newton force displaces the body 1 m in its own, direction, From W = Fs, FromW = Fis, eg. = 1 kg LJoule= 1 Newton 1 metre | = 981Nx 1m. Work Done bya Constant Force + As the body is displaced in the direction of F cos®, (as shown in figure) therefore work done by the foree in displacing the body through a distance sis given by W =(F cos8)s= Fscos® or W = sno . fa Fetes + Work done by a force is equal to the scalar or dot product of the force and the displacement of the body. 12 > BANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SPECTRUM. + Ha number of force F,, F,, F,, ..F, are acting on a body and it shifts from position vector ¥, to position vector m then W=(R, +P) + F, +... F,)-(y 9) Work done bya Variable Force + When the magnitude and direction ofa force varies with position, the work done by such a force ‘for an infinitesimal displacements given by dW = F-ds + The total work done is going from A to Bas shown in the figure is So a W- [Peds [{F coss)as os /8 he. Work done as Area Under Force Displacement Curve + Area under force displacement curve with proper algebraic sign represents work done by the force. w-["aw = [/ Fde= Area under curve between x; and x, Force OR, Sicacorat Conservative Force Electrostatic, gravitational, elastic magnetic forces and all ‘the central forces are conservative in nature. ii + In conservative field work done by the foree (line integral of the force, ie, [ Fdl) is independent of the path followed betweon any two points. Was =Wase Wan (see figure)Non-conservative Force AA foree is said to be non-conservative if work done by or against the force in moving a body from one position to another, depends on the path followed between these two positions and for complete eyele this work done can never be a zero, Frictional foree, Viscous foree, ete are not conservative forces, + In conservative field work done by the force (line integral of the force ie. { F-dl over a closed pathiloop is zero, As shown in figure, Wase + Wea a= 2. Energy ‘The energy of a body is defined as its eapacity for doing work. + Since energy of a body is the total quantity of work done therefore itis scalar quantity, + Dimension: [ML°T~] and units: Joule (SI), erg [CGS] Other units: electron voll (eV), kilowatt hour (kWh), Calories (ca. + Relation between different units: 1 J = 10" erg ‘LeV = 16 x 107% J, 1 kWh = 36 x 10° J, 1 Calorie = 418 3 Kinetic Energy + The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its motion is called kinetic energy. + Work done on the body in order to increase its velocity from zero to vis given by fer W = [mede=m|ode=nf 5 + Thoin enn ofthe ds KE = 2! Work-energy Theorem + Work done on the body in order to increase its velocity from uto vis given by Wf dyno ae =n ET Wed mio? 0, the force is directed toward positive r, which means repulsion, whereas F, < 0 means attraction. The following important points can be easily noticed by looking at the potential energy and force diagrams, (r > 1) :F, > 0, The particle is weakly repelled. (r=n):F,=0, At the maximum point of the potential energy function, the particle would be in unstable equilibrium. If the particle were slightly displaced either to the left or to the right, it would tend to move away from this point. (yeren):B, <0. ‘The force is attractive, being strongest at, where the slope is greatest: (<7): F, = 0, At the minimum point of the potential energy funetion, the partiele would be in stable equilibrium. If slightly displaced in either direetion, it would tend to return to this point. (r <7), > 0. The particles repel each other. The repulsive force becomes stronger as r is reduced (since the slope U(r) gets steeper) un 4 PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 13© RAPID CONCEPT REVISION From the given potential energy function U(r) one can find the radial component of the force from F, = -dU/dr, which is the negative of the slope of the U(r) curve. A positive force means repulsion, and a negative force means attraction. Law of Conservation of Energy + For a body or an isolated system by work-energy theorem we have K, ~ K, = work done wo + Potential energy in a conservative field U,-U,=-[ Fede ti) + So, from Bigs. (i) and (i) we have K,-K,=-W,-U) or K,+U,=K, +0, ie, K+U constant + For an isolated system or body in presence of conservative forces the sum of kinetic and potential energies at any point remains constant throughout the motion. It does not depends upon time. This is known as the law of conservation of mechanical energy. AK +U) = AB =0 {as B is constant in a conservative field} AK +AU =0 Law of Conservation of Total Energy + If some non-conservative force like friction is also acting on the particle, the mechanical energy is no more constant. It changes by the amount of work done by the frietional foree. AK +U)= AE =W, [where W; is the work done against friction] The lost energy is transformed into heat and the heat energy developed is exactly equal to loss in mechanical energy. We can, therefore, write AE +Q=0 [where@is the heat produced] ‘If the forces are conservative and non-conservative both, it is not the mechanical energy alone which is conserved, but it is the total energy, may be heat, light, sound or mechanical ete., which is conserved. In other words “Energy may be transformed from one kind to another but it cannot be created or destroyed. The total energy in an isolated system is constant”. This is the law of conservation of energy. 14 > JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SF 3. Power + Power of a hody is defined as the rate at which the body can do the work. Aw _W + Average power (Pj,) =< =— ag Pa) =F Sy a + Instantaneous power (Pay) === 28 [as dW = F-ds| power (Pan) =G-=—Z : J Pag = Fev fas v = 58) raat lasv =F i.e, Power is equal to the scalar product of force with velocity. + Dimension [P]= [ML?T~* | and units Watt or J/s [SI] + Practical units Kilowatt (kW), Mega Watt (MW) and Horse power (hp) + Relations between different units. 1W=14dis=10" erg’s ihp=746 W 1 MW=10° W LkW=10°W + The slope of work-time curve gives the instantaneous power. As P=dW/dt=tané aw. di + Area under power time-curve gives the work done as P Pat W =Area under Pt curve PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY * Draw diagram of the system showing inital and final configuration and assume a coordinate system. * Specity the reference level for potential energy. In case of spring itis advisable to assume zero potential energy atthe natural length ofthe spring. Incase of gravity, any convenient love can be chosen as reference frame. * Looking a the initial configuration, ask yourse ‘What forms of energy are present initially? "Ifthe parte is moving include mi? 7 + the particle isnot cated atthe referance love include my, + Ifthe spring is stretched or compressed, include yet * Looking a the nal configuration ask yourselt ‘What forms of energy are present finally? + Ifthe parle is moving include dav * the parce isnot located atthe reference include may, * Ifthe spring is stretched or compressed, inde He? + Equate the inital and final total energies K, + U, =K; + Uy J nu? + my, + Lee? =" mu? + may, + he? ZI + may, + sha = 5? + may, + shat + SoWvo for tho unknownPractice ‘SHOTS, I. Attimet = 0s, aparticle starts moving along X-axis. If its kinetic energy increases uniformly with time ¢, the net foree on it is proportional to et we we wer 2. An athelete covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s, His kinetic energy canbe estimated inthe range (a) 200106003 (6) 2% 10° Sto 3x 10°F (8800 50003 (4) 20000800 3. Potential energy of a particle varies with its position x avon (2-2) (EF Ifsotal mechanical energy af the particles 24. Then themes speed of parte alia @t OB ot 2 a 4. Abomb of mass 16 kg at rest explodes into two pioces ‘of masses 4 kg and 12 kg. The velocities of 12 kg mass is 4ms™. Kinetic energy of the other mass is, (@) uaa (6) 2885 (i923 (a 96.5 5. Abody of mass mis accelerated from rest to speed vin atime interval of T seconds, Instantaneous power delivered to the body as a function of time t is, iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION wine 7 Lime! ort 6. A spherical ball of mass 20 kg is stationary at the top of a hill of height 100 m. It rolls dowa a smooth surface to the ground, then climbs up another hill of, height 30 m and finally rolls down toa horizontal bare at a height of 20 m above the ground. Velocity attained by the ball finally is fa)40 (6) 20 ms"! (6) 10 ms (4) 1030 ms" 7. A particle moves in a straight line with retardation proportional to its displacement x. Its loss of kinetic energy for any displacement (x) is proportional to fx? we fox @log.x 8. A force F = 5i + 3j + 2k (N) displaces a particle from origin to position r = 2i - j(m). The work done on the particles in joules is; @-7 ow (10 @-0 9. Aspring with spring constant 5 x 10° N/mis stretched initialy by 5 cm from its unstretched position. The work that must be done to streteh it further by 5 em is (a) 12.50 N-m (6) 18.75 Nem (6) 25.00 N-m (4) 6.25 Nem 10. body is moved along a straight line by a machine delivering a constant power. Distance moved by body in time ¢ seconds is given by COLLISION Collision is an isolated event in which a strong force acts between two or more bodies fora short time asa results of which the energy and momentum of the interacting particle changes Ithereis no loss of kinetic energy during a collision, it is called an elastic collision, while there is a loss of Kinetic energy during a colision itis called an inelastic collision. The coefficient of restitution fora collision between tuo bods is the ratio ofthe magnitude of their relative telocities after collision to. the magnitude. of their ated Jay = wal When two bodies ofmasses M, and M, are moving along the same straight line with volotitos wand ts respectively undergo inelasti¢ colision, the loss in Kinetic energy is given by relative velocity before the collision, ie. € fee wet foe" @en (=e) MM, 2 ar= Xl — 1)? 2M, = My)“ ~™ += When the two bodies after the collision stick together, then collision is always inelastic in nature. + When two bodies of masses M, and M, are moving along the same straight line with velocities m4 and. u, respectively undergo perfectly inelastic collision, the loss in kinetic energy is given by MM, 20M, + MD xy — ty)? + Conservation of momentum for pair of bodies with provided two scalar equations for conservation of momentum along line of impact called normal direction and along tangential direction. PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 15iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION + The definition of coefficient of restitution provides one more equation. It expresses the loss of energy of the system. + For elastic collision, conservation of energy equations may be used. Classification of collision on the basis of conservs n of kinetic energy perfectly elastic, inelastic and perfectly inelastic collision Perfectly clastic collision Inelastic collision Perfectly inelastic collision Callsoaisaqualiokinaicccorgy” cls iesct opal tokinalecsagy ornoveithuace wily afer the {Shcpertety te, mine pevely nla forms, In some cases (KE) g,q < (KE) j,iui necessarily mean that all the initial Srnsatentnratttosat tt Nantcenepr lack tpte ta she incr energy athe sytem arhet, Tn im inet energy i earn can tisteoraschaden) wiot onercans bo" consatntwinomentan ine oergy Sed te cling paricen Bouncing ef balwithause ball Tin of coda ohn ee ‘Ric sertheclsion with also tween tno automobiles on where the lls remains eed in these Classification of collision on the basis of the direction of colliding bodies @® Tnacallaion ifthe motion af cling two parts colsion ia planing, auc tha his deo of motion Bratt oraslareiscadiebateal™ shina plane th clon ical tedimerloal terse tre dimers been nisin aati woe Lov, ‘After collsion fore calision @gne track, AMAZING REALITIES 16 > JANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SPECTRUM. Suppose formula one racing driver feel around 5 units weight under heavy braking, they can experience over 100 units if a crash causes them to decelerate extremely quickly over a very short distance.Practice ‘SHOTS, 11. A2 kg block sliding on a horizontal floor with a speed. of 4 ms”. It strikes an spring and compresses it. Force of kinetic friction is 15 N and spring constant of spring is 10000 Nm“, Spring is eompressed by (6)2.5em (@)85.em 12.4 mass m moves with a velocity v and collides inelastically with another identical mass. After collision first mass moves with a velocity of v/ V3 in a direction perpendicular to the initial direction of motion. Find the speed of second mass after collision, @55em (Mem fe (6) Bv 2 ’ o we w w 13. bullet is fired into a fixed wooden block. Bullet losses half of its velocity in penetrating block by 3 em. How much further bullet will travel in the block? Ga)3em @)2em 15cm (diem 14. Block of mass M moving over a frictionless table collides with a spring of spring constant & and compresses it by a length L. The maximum ‘momentum of the block after collision is — a (o) SML ©) » a (o)20r0 aM 15.A small block of mass M moves on a frictionless surface of an inclined plane, The angle of inclined plane suddenly changes from 60° to 30° at point B. 4 Ae a ‘Gn an Assume that block is initially at rest at A and its collision with Bis totally inelastic. Speed of block at B immediately after it strikes the second ineline, is (@) 160 ms (0) 45 ms" (N30 ms" @) 15 ms 16. Two small particles of equal masses start moving in opposite direction from a point A in a horizontal circular orbit. Their tangential velocities are vand 2u respectively, as shown in the figure. Between collisions, the particles move with constant speeds. iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION After making how many elastic collisions, other than that at A, these two particles will again reach the point A? 4 ws @. 17. ball hits the floor and rebounds after an inelastic collision. In this case (@) the momentum of the ball just after the collision is the same as that just before the collision (@) the mechanical energy of the ball remains the same in the w2 collision (@) the total momentum of the ball and the earth is conserved (@) the total mechanical energy of the ball and the earth is conserved 18. Two particles of masses m, and m, in projectile motion have velocities v, and v, respectively at time £0, They collide at time fy. Their velocities become ty' and oat time 2 while still moving in air. ‘The value of (m;” + mg’) — (muy + mgv)| is (a) rer0 lm +m.) ty am + mee (a'im,« moet 19. An isolated particle of mass m is moving in horizontal plane (x), along the X-axis, ata certain height above the ground. It suddenly explodes into two fragment of masses m/4and Sm/4. An instant later, the smaller fragment is at y= Sem, The larger fragment at this instant is at Gy wy y @y 20. A shellis fired from a cannon with velocity vmis at an angle @ with the horizontal direction, At the highest point in its path it explodes into two pieces of equal mass, One ofthe pieces retraces its path to the cannon, and the speed in m/s of the other piece immediately after the explosion is + 206m, =20em (@) cos (©) 200080 3 cos (@) [Bocose 3 MG Answers 4) 2) 6@ 7@ 8) 80) 1.0) He 2G 1.) 15 66) 76) 86 1%@ wa) PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 17MASTER STROKES 21. When a rubber band is stretched by a distance x, it exerts a restoring force of magnitude F ~ax+ bx’, where @ and 6 are constants. ‘The work done in stretching the unstretched rubber band by L is UE 2014 Main] oy Mat*+ ob ) SlaL'+ bu) ont 5) (a) ob? +1? @ ae 22. The work done on a particle of mass m by a force, [ = y | x] eis 2 | bing conta [areal aesred] x ing sy-plane is DEE 2013 Adv.) (a) 2Kn 0) ): = ao 23.18 W,, W, and W, represent the work done moving a particle form A to B along three different paths 1, 2 land 3 respectively (as shown) in the gravitational field of a point mass m. Find the correct relation between W;,W, and Wy FE 20071 a (a) W, > W, > We OW, =W,=W, (OW Wee Wy (@Wy> W,> We 24. A force F = ~k(yi + x) (where his a positive constant) acts on a particle moving in the ay-plane. Starting from the origin, the particle is taken along the positive X-axis to the point (a 0) and then parallel to the Y-axis to the point (a, a). The total work done by the force F on the particle is ce 20081 (a) 2a )2ka*—@)~ha® aha? 25. A uniform chain of length ZL and mass Mis lying on a smooth table and one-third of its length is hanging vertically down over the edge of the table. If g is acceleration due to gravity, the work required to pull the hanging part on to the table is (a) MeL mais fo) Mebi9 ( MeLins 26.. body is moved along a straight line by a machine delivering constant power. The distance moved by the body in time is proportional to @* wer oe? we 18 > BANUARY 2017 » PHYSICS SPECTRUM. 27.A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in a straight line under action of a force which delivers a constant power of 0.5 W to the particle, If particle starts from rest then its speed after 5s is (a) 2ms™* (6) Sms (c) 5s (d)7ms* 28. block (B) is attached to two unstretched springs S, and S, with spring constants & and 4, respectively. ‘The other ends are attached to two supports M, and M, not attached to the walls. The springs. and supports have negligible mass, ‘There is no friction anywhere, 2 1 ‘The block B is displaced towards wall 1 by a small distance and released. The block returns and moves a maximum distance y towards wall 2. Displacements x and y are measured with respect to the equilibrium position of the block B. The ratio > is = UFE2008 Adv) L (a4 2 js @t 2 a (29. An ideal spring with spring constant & in hung from the ceiling and a block of mass M is attached to its lower end. The mass is released with the spring initially unstretched. Then the maximum extension in the spring is FE 2012] (te 2 Me Me gy Me b bs Bs 30. Ablock of mass 2 kg is free to move along the X-axis. It is at rest and from f = 0 onwards it is subjected to a time-dependent force F(t) in the x-direction. The force F(t) varies with ¢ as shown in the figure. The kinetic energy of the block after 4.5 sis {JEE 2010), fo (4500 7505 (05.08 5 (@ 14.061 31.A particle is placed at the origin and a force F = kx is acting on it (where, kis positive constant). IfU(0) = 0, then graph of U(z) versus x will be (where, U is the potential energy function) DFE 2008],ue (@) xo x uw © x @ x 32. A wind-powered generator converts wind energy into electric energy. Assume that the generator converts a fixed fraction of the wind energy intercepted by its blades into electrical energy. For wind speed ¢, the clectrieal power output will be proportional to Ot fev (aot 33. A spring of force constant kis cut into two pieces such that one piece is double the length of the other. Then, the long piece will have a force constant of (218) & 310% (3k (or 34. Two masses of Lg and 4g are moving with equal Kinetic energies. The ratio of the magnitudes of their momenta is @ Ba @ine 35. If a machine is lubricated with oil (a) the mechanical advantage of the machine inereaso (6) the mechanical efficioncy of the machine increases (@) both its mechanical advantage and efficiency increases (d) its efficiency increases, but its mechanical advantage decreases art (oi:z 36. Consider an elliptically shaped rail PQ in the vertical plane with OP = 3m and 0Q = 4 m, A block of mass kgs pulled along the rail from P to@ with a force of 18N, which is always parallel to line PQ (see figure). ‘Assume no functional losses, the kinetic energy of the block when it reaches @ is (1 x10) J. The value of nis (take acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms“*) DEE 2018 Adv le SY Ce ig @s we wor ws iS) RAPID CONCEPT REVISION 37. A particle, which is constrained to move along X-axis, is subjected to a force in the same direction which varies with the distance x of the particle from the origin as F (x) =-kx + ax, Here, b and a are positive constants. For x20, the functional form of the potential energy U (2) of the particle is ue Uw @ x @) x ue uw) o x @ a F 38. A lead bullet just melts when stopped by an obstacle. Assuming that 25 per cent of the heat is absorbed by the obstacle, find the velocity of the bullet in ms" if its initial temperature is 27°C. (Melting point of lead =327° C, specific heat of lead 0.08 cal/g °C, latent heat of fusion of lead = 6 cal/g, 7 42 JTfeal) f@a10 510 we 80 39. A body of mass 2 kg is being dragged with a uniform velocity of 2 m/s on a rough horizontal plane. The coefficient of friction between the body and the surface is 0.20, J =42 Jjeal and g =98 m/s?. The amount of heat generated in 5 s is around (@) eal ©) cal (eal @9eal 40. A block of mass 0.18 kg is attached to a spring of force constant 2 Nim. The coefficient of friction between the block and the floor is 0.1. Initially the block is at rest the spring is unstretched. An impulse is given to the block as shown in the figure. The block slides a distance of 0.06 mand comes to rest forthe fist time ‘The initial velocity of the block in m/s is 10 ‘Then Nis DEE 20111 2 ws wa @o Answers Qi) 22} 23.0) BA] 289) 26.(0) 27. (o)—2B.(0)} 2.) 90.4) Bl) a2). ) HL) 36.1) 97.) 88. (a) 8H.) 4D.) PHYSICS SPECTRUM « JANUARY 2017 < 19(©) TARGET JEE 2017 TEST RIDER Comprehensive Simulator Test Series for JEE Main &- Advanced JEE MAIN (PAPER ONE PREP UP) ayes 1) eC} Cater) Mock Questions from Complete Syllabus with Complete Solutions. INSTRUCTIONS + This test consists of 30 questions and each question is allotted 4 marks for correct response, + Candidates willbe awarded marks a stated above for correct response ofeach question. 1/4 mark wil be deducted for indicating incorrect response ofeach question. No deduction ftom the total score willbe made i no response is indicated for an item in the answer sheet, «There is only one correct response foreach question, Filling up more than one response in any question will be treated as wrong response and marks for wrong response willbe deducted according as per instructions. 1. Inan experiment, to measure the volume of an. irregular lamina using screw gauge, a student ‘observes that the zero line of the head scale is 4 division below the line of graduation. ‘There are 100 divisions on the circular seale, He gave 2 complete rotations of the circular scale and found that the distance moved by the screw is 2 mm. If the main scale reading is 4, then find the relative percentage error in the volume. Given 35th division coincides with the main seale line and the measured length of the body has a relative error of 2.25% (a) 1.69% w2n% (3% wi9%% 2. Two balls are thrown simultaneously from a top of a building with same initial velocity u. One ball is thrown vertically upwards and the other ball is thrown vertically downwards. The distance between the two bodies after time 5 s is (take, g =10 m/s”) (a)i0u ()5u (oibu (@) 20 3. Two balls A and B are projected simultaneously from the origin with initial velocities 60 mis and 20 m/s at angle 60° and 30° respectively, with horizontal, The position of the ball A with respect to ball B after 3s in y-direction is given by (112.79 m (0) 12.30 m (0194.50 m (100m 20 > JANUARY 2017 > PHYSICS SPECTRUM 4. Ablock of mass 4 kg is released from a height of 25 em on a smooth track. The minimum value of h, so that it completes the verticle circle should be (a) 25 em (20cm 5. Four blocks are connected with a string passing over a frictionless pulley fixed at the corner of a table as shown in figure. The coefficient of static friction of Awith table is 0.50, The minimum mass m of the block, so that blocks do not move should be @)10em @5em (5g Weg WaKg 6. Ablock of mass 5 kg is connected to a massless spring through a string passing over a frictionless pulley. Initially, the block is at rest and spring is in the state of its natural length. The maximum elongation produced in the string when block moves Akg