Cartesian Coordinate System Stress Strain Relations

Direct Strain Shear Strain Volumetric strain

xy

G : Shear modulus

Plane Stress z, = zx = yz =0 Plane Strain z =0

z =

(x + y ) (
z = x + y )
E

Polar Coordinate System Plane Stress z = 0 Plane Strain z = 0

r

Elementary Solutions

Closed Sections Torsion of non-circular thin-walled sections Open Sections

b
shear flow q
b
t t t
b

if t is constant along
the perimeter S A = area enclosed by the centre
line of the wall of the tube

Co-ordinate transformation Unsymmetric Bending

v = z sin +y cos
w = z cos -y sin

Shear Centre F
B A
s

D F
V : is the vertical shear force t : is the thickness of the
I : is the second moment of area section a the point of interest
Formula sheet MAAE 3202 1/ 3
 Energy Methods Stress at a point
Strain Energy in simple Load case Castiglianos Theorem
(Single D.O.F.) -
(1st theorem)

(2nd theorem)

2nd theorem for beam deflection

= displacement of the point caused by the

real loads acting on the beam
P = external force applied to the beam in
the direction of
M =internal moment in the beam caused by
the applied loads
E = modulus of elasticity
I = second moment of area computed
around the neutral axis

Brittle materials Failure Theories Ductile materials

Maximum Principal Stress Theory (Rankine) Maximum Shear Stress Theory (Tresca)

1 y or 2 y or 3 y

Shear or Distortion Strain Energy Theory (von Mises)

Mohrs criterion for brittle rupture
in 3D

in 2D

Variation of Stress and Strain

Strain - Displacement Relations Equation of Equilibrium Compatibility Equations

Two-Dimensional Axi-Symmetric Problems Compound Cylinders

Interference
Strain - Displacement Relations Equation of Equilibrium pi = 0
= um2 - um1

Lam equations for thick walled cylinders

po = 0

pi 0

pi = 0

Formula sheet MAAE 3202 2/ 3

 Rotating discs Solid circular disc Circular disc with central hole Blades attached to the outer radius

B=0
Max. stress @ r = 0
is max. at bore r = r1
r max. at at r = r1r2

Buckling of Struts/ Slender Column (Euler Theory)

Pin - Ended Strut Fixed - Pined Strut Fixed - Free Strut Fixed - Fixed Strut
(Leff = L) (Leff = 0.7L) (Leff = 2L) (Leff = L/2)

Notes:

Formula sheet MAAE 3202 3/ 3