Chapter Summary of Noli Me Tangere

Hi everyone. This is my version of Noli Me Tangere summaries for every chapter. I'm
recently taking the course Jose Rizal and this is our final's project: to summarize the
book by chapter . :)

NOLI ME TANGERE by Jose Rizal

Characters of Noli Me Tangere

Juan Crisostomo Ibarra y Magsalin

Son of Filipino businessman, Don Rafael Ibarra, He studied in Europe for seven years

Maria Clara
Crisostomo Ibarras fianc, she is the most beautiful and widely celebrated girl in
San Diego. She is an illegitimate daughter of Father Damaso

Don Santiago Delos Santos Capitan Tiago

He is considered one of the most hospitable men in the town. He is also known as
the father of Maria Clara

Elias
He is the mysterious friend of Crisostomo Ibarra. He believes that justice can be
obtained through revolution

Friar Damaso Vardolagas

A Franciscan friar and the former parish curate of San Diego. He is known as
notorious character that speaks with harsh words and has been a cruel priest during
his stay in the town

Friar Hernando de la Sibyla

He is a Filipino friar, a Dominican curate in Binondo, described as short and has fair
skin
Friar Bernardo Salvi
He is the curate of San Diego and the secret admirer of Maria Clara

Don Anastacio
He is known as Pilosopong Tacio. He is pessimist, wise and intelligent man

Don Tiburcio Espadana

He is a false doctor and the Spanish husband of Dona Victorina

Dona Victorina
She is a woman ashamed of being a Filipino

The Alferez
He is the Chief of Guardia Civil

Dona Consolacion
She is the wife of Alferez and passes herself off as a Peninsulares. She is very
abusive to Sisa

Sisa
A loving mother of Basilio and Crispin

Crispin
The younger son of Sisa and died because of being punished from the soldiers. He is
accused of stealing an amount of money in the convent where he works with Basilio
as a sacristan

Basilio
The eldest son of Sisa
CHAPTER I: A Social Gathering

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Captain Tiago, Friar Damaso, Lieutenant Guevarra, Dona Victorina.
Summary
On the last of October near All Souls Day, Captain Tiago arranged a grand dinner in
his home. Many guests came and most of them are uninvited because everyone
wants to join since Captain Tiago is rich and known as one of the most hospitable
men in San Diego. Before the evening meal, people talk among themselves and
discuss different issues of interest. One of the visitors is Friar Damaso who just
came back in Philippines and talks so harsh about Indios and had no regard for the
rights and feelings of others whenever he opened his mouth. Other visitors include
Lieutenant Guevarra, Friar Sibyla, Dr. Tiburcio and Dona Victorina.

CHAPTER II: Crisostomo Ibarra

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Captain Tiago, Crisostomo Ibarra, Friar Damaso, Lt.Guevarra, Captain Tinong
Summary
Captain Tiago greeted all the visitors and introduces Juan Crisostomo Ibarra, whose
clothes clearly depicted that he is in grief. Friar Damaso was surprised to know that
Ibarra is the son of Don Rafael. Crisostomo, who has just returned from Europe for
his seven years study, warmly greets Friar Damaso who became a good friend of his
father; however the friar denies the existence of this close relationship. Lt.
Guevarra approaches Ibarra greets him and wishes Crisostomos fate will be better
than his fathers. Captain Tinong invited Crisostomo for a meal tomorrow but he
rejected since hell be going to the town of San Diego.
CHAPTER III: The Dinner

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Friar Damaso, Friar Sibyla, Crisostomo Ibarra, Captain Tiago
Summary
The meal is ready and the guests gather at the dining table. Friar Damaso and Friar
Sibyla both rush for the seat at the head of the table. Everyone is talking and
praising the delicious foods served. The rest of the seats are occupied, and only
Crisostomo Ibarra notices Captain Tiago is not seated in any of them. Ibarra offers
the Captain his seat, but he refused. Friar Damaso is jealous and mad when Ibarra is
served the meaty part of the chicken at dinner, while his was the skinny neck.
While eating, Ibarra talked with some of the guests and they learned that Ibarra
went to different countries and knows different languages. Soon after, Ibarra leaves
the scene without waiting for the arrival of his love interest, Maria Clara. Friar
Damaso laughed when Ibarra left and said Indios dont have the right to study
abroad since it will be useless.

CHAPTER IV: A Heretic and a Subversive

Setting
On the streets
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Lt.Guevarra
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra walked to his destination and realized the town has never
changed. Lt. Guevarra followed and warned him to be careful so hell not be the
same to his fathers unlucky fate. Crisotomo then insisted Lt. Guevarra to tell his
fathers story. According to him, Crisostomos father was the richest man in their
town. He was respected but envied by some. Not longer Crisostomo left the country;
Don Rafael made enemies and was falsely accused of killing someone. He was sent
to jail and named as heretic and subversive. Lt. Guevarra tried his best to help Don
Rafael. They won the case but later on after his freedom, Don Rafael died inside his
jail cell. Lt.Guevarra stopped and told him that Captain Tiago will tell him more
about his father.

CHAPTER V: A Star in the Dark Night

Setting
Fonda de Lala; Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Maria Clara, Friar Damaso, Friar Salvi
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra arrives in Fonda de Lala where he will stay and appreciates from a
distance the lively singing and noise around Captain Tiago's house, which could be
seen from the hotel window. He was confused and thinks about his poor father's
death, and how life must have been extremely terrible for him in prison. Meanwhile,
at the Captain's house, Maria Clara arrives. Friar Damaso shows great appreciation
for the lady. Everyone stares at her most especially Friar Salvi who was late and was
not able to join the supper.

CHAPTER VI: Captain Tiago

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Captain Tiago, Pia Alba, Friar Damaso, Maria Clara, Aunt Isabel
Summary
Captain Tiago is one of the richest man in the town, he have a lot of business and
one of the most influential man. He is most likely powerful to the government and a
friend to friars. He sees himself as a full Spanish and not a Filipino but he is short,
has kayumanggi skin and rounded eyes. He and his wife, Dona Pia Alba, have been
childless for years. After consulting Friar Damaso, the priest advised them to attend
holy mass at the town of Ubando. Shortly after, Pia was with child. But, she
becomes sickly and troubled for the entire duration of her pregnancy. She died after
giving birth to a daughter, Maria Clara. Friar Damaso became her godfather when
she was christened and was taken cared by Aunt Isabel, the cousin of Captain Tiago.
Maria Clara and Crisostomo Ibarra became childhood friends. Captain Tiago and Don
Rafael were good friends as well and they agreed that their children will get
married.

CHAPTER VII: Idyll in an Azotea

Setting
Azotea in Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Maria Clara, Captain Tiago, Aunt Isabel
Summary
Early in the morning Aunt Isabel and Maria Clara attended the mass. After the mass,
Maria Clara went home and sewed while impatiently waiting for Crisostomo Ibarra.
Finally he came and had time to have a private talk with Maria Clara at the azotea
of Captain Tiago's house. This is their first time to meet personally in seven years.
They exchange thoughts, reminisced their childhood and prove that neither of them
had forgotten their love to each other. Suddenly Maria Clara open the letter Ibarra
gave her before he left for Europe; she read it in front of him to see his reaction. In
the letter stating why Don Rafael sent Ibarra to Europe, Crisostomo suddenly stood
and blushed. Maria stopped reading and asked Ibarra why. Ibarra simply answered
because of Maria Clara, he forgot his task and needs to go now because tomorrow is
All Souls Day. Captain Tiago told Ibarra to tell Anding to fix their house in San Diego
since Aunt Isabel and Maria Clara will have vacation there. Ibarra nodded and left.
Maria Clara felt sad and cried going to her room. His father followed her and told her
to light two candles to San Roque and San Rafael, two Saints whom they usually
pray for safe trip.

CHAPTER VIII: Memories

Setting
Along the way to San Diego
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Friar Damaso, Captain Tinong, two daughters
Summary
From Captain Tiago's house, after a heartwarming conversation with Maria Clara,
Ibarra continues on his way to the town of San Diego. In all of the places he passes
through he notices no change in them since he left seven years ago. He noticed that
the Mariveles tree didnt change in San Gabriel. In Escolta, he observed that its
even worse. Along his way, he saw Friar Damaso inside the carriage. He also saw
Captain Tinong with his two daughters in another carriage and greeted Ibarra. He
passed by Arroceros where tobacco are manufactured. He remembers that he was
fainted once because of the unpleasant smell of tobacco. When he passed by the
botanical garden, he forgot about the happy memories and remembers the garden
in Europe that is very eye-catching and welcoming. He sighs and viewed the old
Manila surrounded by thick and mossy walls. Suddenly, he remembers the advice of
a friar before he leaves for Europe: (1) Knowledge is only reached by people who
have the heart (2) Knowledge must be nurtured so it will be passed by next and (3)
Foreigners come to our lands searching for gold, and you go must go to their lands
to look for the gold as well.

CHAPTER IX: Some Country Matters

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Maria Clara, Aunt Isabel, Friar Damaso, Captain Tiago, Friar Sibyla, old Dominican
priest
Summary
While Aunt Isabel waits for Maria Clara inside the carriage that were headed to the
nunnery to fetch the maiden's things , Friar Damaso came whispering something
and urgently entered the house .Aunt Isabel thought he was just memorizing his
sermon for the mass. Friar Damaso meets Captain Tiago and tells him that he needs
to talk with him privately for a very important matter. Meanwhile, in Intramuros,
Friar Sibyla is deep in conversation with an old Dominican priest inflicted with a
serious illness. Friar Sibyla tells him about the conflict between Friar Damaso and
Ibarra, they exchange thoughts about Ibarra.
Friar Damaso blames Captain Tiago for not being honest with him and threatens him
that he should tell him everything because he is the godfather of Maria Clara. After
he left, Captain Tiago puts off the candles Maria Clara lighted for the two saints for
Ibarras trip to San Diego.

CHAPTER X: The Town

Setting
Town of San Diego
Characters
Old Spaniard, Don Rafael, Don Saturnino, Friar Damaso
Summary
San Diego is a town at the margin of the lake and within the meadows and paddy-
fields. Harvested sugar, rice, coffee and fruits were then sold to the Chinese at a
very cheap price. At the dome of the church, you can almost see the whole town
and one particular distinction is the forest within the fields, which holds many
different fictions. Just like any town, San Diego also has its own legend. Once, an old
Spaniard arrived at the wood and inquired about its owner. The old man then
acquired the land in exchange for clothes, jewelry, and cash. Suddenly, the old man
disappeared. The people thought that he was taken by the spirits but then, it was
discovered by a shepherd of carabaos discovered a foul odor and was actually the
old mans corpse decaying hanging in the Ballete tree. Sometime later, a young
man claiming that hes the son of the deceased Spaniard. He was Don Saturnino. He
devoted his time into cultivating the land. Not long, he married a young woman
from Manila. She gave birth to Don Rafael Ibarra, the father of Crisostomo. Unlike
Don Saturnino, Don Rafael was love by the country people. He was able to prosper
his land, which brought in new settlers. The village eventually became a town and
Father Damaso became its priest after the previous priest died.
CHAPTER XI: The Sovereigns: Divide and Rule

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Don Rafael Ibarra, Captain Tiago, The town captain, Friar Salvi, The sacristan mayor,
the alferez, Dona Consolacion
Summary
This chapter describes the powerful people in the town of San Diego. Don Rafael is
the father of Crisostomo. He is known as the most powerful man since he is the
richest, he is highly respected but in the end, townspeople are against him. Captain
Tiago is a rich businessman, welcomed by musical band and offered with delightful
foods if he visits the town but at his back, people call him Sacristan Tiago. The
towns captain is like a puppet and not considered as powerful since he bought his
position for 5000 pesos and frequently yelled by the Mayor. San Diego is similar to
Rome and Italy for the competition for the position in the town. They are Friar Salvi,
a thin and youthful Franciscan and the Alferez whos always surrounded by civil
guards. Dona Consolacion is the wife of Alferez, a Filipina who likes to wear make-up
and in his husbands absence she controls the civil guards. Friar Salvi and Alferez
are the real powerful people in the town of San Diego, they are called Casique.

CHAPTER XII: All Saints Day

Setting
At the cemetery
Characters
Two grave diggers, Don Rafael, old man
Summary
The cemetery of San Diego is at the west side of the town, in the midst of the
paddy-fields. In the center rises a large wooden cross with the inscription INRI. At
the foot of the cross is a pile of bones and skulls thrown by grave-diggers. The
cemetery looks spooky and uninhabited. On the further side of the grave, two grave
diggers were digging up a recently buried corpse. One was old and indifferent about
what they were doing and the other was dreadful. The other exposed that a fat
curate had ordered the corpse to be dug up and buried in the Chinese cemetery but
was rejected.
An old man then entered the cemetery and went straight to the pile of skulls and
bones at the foot of the cross. It was hard for him to find his wifes skull so he asked
for the grave diggers help in return for a coin but the grave digger was uninterested
and gave him a different skull. Due to the heavy rain and the corpse was heavy;
they just decided to throw the body in the lake.

CHAPTER XIII: A Gathering Storm

Setting
At the cemetery
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, old gravedigger, Friar Salvi
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra went to the cemetery to visit his fathers grave. The old
gravedigger admitted that his fathers remains is no longer there and the curate
was the one who ordered them to dig up the corpse of Don Rafael and then thrown
into the lake. Ibarra left and was furious about what he knew. In his way, he met
Friar Salvi who is now the curate and attacked him with harsh words and forcing him
to kneel before him for belittling his fathers grave. Friar Salvi talks back and said it
wasnt him then confessed that it was Friar Damaso whos the curate during that
time and is responsible for that ill act.

CHAPTER XIV: Philosopher Tacio

Setting
San Diego: cemetery, church, town
Characters
Philosopher Anastacio, Basilio, Crispin, Don Felipo, Doray
Summary
Philosopher Tacio was called Don Anastacio before. He always wanders around and
looks like no sense of direction. He visited the cemetery to find the destroyed grave
of his wife. He is known as lunatic by the poor. He is a son of rich but because of his
high intelligence, his mother stopped him from going to school because she was
worried he might get too much knowledge and might forget that there is God. His
mother also wants him to become a priest but he didnt followed and later on
married but after a year his wife died. There, he focused himself to books and never
mind the riches he inherited.
Tacio went to the church and saw Basilio and Crispin. He informed the two
sacristans that their mother is preparing them a festive dinner. He went out the
church and headed to the house of the couple Don Felipo and Doray. In their
conversation Doray mentioned about purgatory since its already All Souls Day.
Tacio defends that he dont believe in purgatory but its good because its holy and
theres a lot good results to the people since its like a connection of the living and
dead.
He then left because the rain is getting heavier with lightning and thunders. But
despite the weather, Tacio raised his two hands and shouts while walking in the rain
leaving the couple behind.

CHAPTER XV: The Altar Boys

Setting
Church
Characters
Crispin, Basilio, Sacristan Mayor
Summary
In spite of the storm, the two altar brothers Basilio and Crispin had to go up the bell
tower of the church to ring the bells at eight in the evening. They only get two
pesos salary for a month for working in the church. Both boys talked about the
parish priest's lost silver. All they want is to go home to take their supper. Crispin,
the younger one, was blamed for having allegedly stolen the money since their
father is a drunkard and gambler. The mayor wont let them go if they didnt return
the stolen money, he was so angry then even penalized Basilio for 3 pesos for not
ringing the bell pleasantly. Crispin was tortured by the priest and the sacristan
mayor. Basilio luckily escaped.

CHAPTER XVI: Sisa

Setting
Sisas house
Characters
Sisa, husband, Basilio
Summary
Its already late in the evening and everyone in San Diego seems asleep but Sisa is
still awake in her small hut outside the town where Philosopher Tacios house is also
located. Sisa is so unfortunate for marrying an irresponsible husband. Because of
this only Sisa is working and taking care of the boys. She was even forced to sell all
her jewelries and pearls she possesses when shes still a maiden to provide food for
family. Despite her husbands attitude she still understands and tolerates him. To
her, husband is her God and angels are her children.
That night, Sisa patiently waited for her two boys to come home. She had already
prepared supper thats same like the friars. But instead of Basilio and Crispin it was
her husband, a drunkard and a gambler, who walked through the door and ate
almost all the food she prepared, leaving nothing for their sons. He went on a
rampage, and left telling his wife that if the boys ever brought home some money
she should leave some for him. Sisa cant do anything but cry and cook the
anchovies since she knows her sons will come hungry and tired. Minutes later
Basilio arrived, out of breath and bleeding.

CHAPTER XVII: Basilio

Setting
Sisas house
Characters
Sisa, Basilio
Summary
Basilio came home drenched with blood and runs to her mothers arms. He told her
mother that the civil guards are chasing him and tried to stop him but he kept
running so they fired a bullet to him which he was wounded. Basilio also told his
mother that Crispin was left in the convent and admits that Crispin was accused of
stealing money but he didnt mentioned about him being punished by the Sacristan
Mayor and the friar. Sisa felt sad and cried because of what he heard about Crispin,
she sent Basilio to sleep since if their father comes seeing them, theyll just be
beaten .Basilio requested that three of them would be better without their father.
Sisa deep inside her felt pain about what his son said.
As Basilio is sleeping, he had a nightmare. In his dreams, Crispin died in the cruel
hands of the friar and Sacristan Mayor. Sisa woke him up because of his loud cry
and asked him what he dreamt. Basilio didnt tell her and instead told about his
plans for them: to end them working in the convent; to ask for Ibarras help to hire
him as a caretaker of his animals; and if hes big enough would ask Ibarra to give
him a piece of land where they can farm. According to Basilio, it will make their
living better if ever his plans will succeed. Sisa was delighted about his good plans
for their better life but secretly cried because her husband wasnt included in
Basilios plans.

CHAPTER XVIII: Souls in Anguish

Setting
Convent
Characters
Sisa, Sacristans
Summary
That morning, people noticed that Friar Salvi is sick while he had the mass this
morning. It is All Souls' Day, and the streets are filled with people talking about
plenary indulgence and all other religious practices and beliefs relating to the
holiday. The young widows and workers are busy talking and they didnt notice
when Sisa arrived. She makes her way to the convent to fetch her son Crispin and
expecting Crispins voice but she is told that the boy is not there and that the little
thief had stolen money and escaped. Sisa breaks down in tears and left the convent
with her confused mind.
CHAPTER XIX: The Travails of a Schoolmaster

Setting
In the lake
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Schoolteacher
Summary
The teacher in the town of San Diego accompanies Ibarra to the part in the lake
where Don Rafael's body was found, and there Ibarra pays respects to the memory
of his father. The schoolteacher mentions to Crisostomo the great help of Don
Rafael in providing for children's needs for education in San Diego.
The schoolteacher also mentioned about Friar Damaso who always intervene in the
decisions and rules of the school. When the schoolteacher grew ill he stopped
teaching and when he returned for his service, his students became few and the
curate wasnt Friar Damaso anymore so he felt at ease and confidence, he tried to
translate in Filipino the books written in Spanish and added more subjects to teach
the children.
The story moves Ibarra, and so he decides to build a school for the kids. This, he
says, will do great honor and justice to the memory of his father.

CHAPTER XX: The Meeting in the Town hall

Setting
Town hall
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Don Felipo, old conservative group, liberated group, Captain
Basilyo
Summary
The town hall is a place where authoritative people held their meetings. From the
lake, Ibarra and the school teacher made their way to the town hall and the meeting
about the feast is about to begin. There are people deciding on what type of
celebration that must be held, Don Felipo is the one who organized the meeting and
there are two types of political party in the town, the old conservative group and the
liberated youths. They are discussing about the coming feast of San Diego. The
meeting came to different topics and Captain Basilyo requests them to make their
statements brief, because time is gold and they were running out of time. Don
Felipo then presented the proposal about the expenses; they rejected it and the old
conservative group proposed that they should save money for the feast; no need for
fireworks and the comedy show should present social behaviors to diminish wicked
manners. But then the discussion came to end and the captain said they should just
agree to what the friar wants. The final decision is to have six processions, three
homilies, three high mass and comedy show at Tondo. The two groups just agreed
to it.

CHAPTER XXI: A Mothers Story

Setting
Along the streets
Characters
Sisa, Civil guards,
Summary
Sisa is confused to what the civil guards told her and runs all the way home. She
kept worrying how she can save her two sons and that she desperately wants to
protect them from the civil guards. When she was near her home she saw two civil
guards leaving their home, she felt released because Basilio wasnt with them. The
civil guards asked Sisa where they kept the money Crispin stole. They force her to
admit it but then even Sisa tried to please them, they didnt hear and carelessly
dragged her to the headquarters. Sisa nearly dies of shame from the sharp stares of
the people who just finished the mass. Meanwhile, the Alferez was troubled and
then command the guards to let Sisa out. She went back again their house and
called her sons names but there were no signs of them. She became nervous and
her body uncontrollably shaking when he sees Basilios shirt with blood stained on
it. The next day she wandered along the streets crying, shouting and all the people
sees her with fright.
CHAPTER XXII: Lights and Shadow

Setting
Town of San Diego
Characters
Maria Clara, Crisostomo Ibarra, Aunt Isabel, Friar Salvi, Sisa and her husband
Summary
Maria Clara is together with her Aunt Isabel or the feast in San Diego. Everyone was
talking about and excited to see a glimpse of her since its been long time since she
got back to her birthplace. And everyone loves her for being sweet-natured, kind
and beautiful. Friar Salvi is among the people who were withdrawn since her arrival.
When Ibarra came, a lot even talked about them and Ibarra always visit her. She
was glad because theyll have picnic tomorrow and she begged him not to invite
Friar Salvi but Ibarra insisted the Friar should be there since it cant be avoided. On
Ibarras way home, he met Sisa and her husband seeking for help for their sons. But
Ibarra, dont have enough time to talk with them.

CHAPTER XXIII: The Fishing Excursion

Setting
On the lake
Characters
Maria Clara, Crisostomo Ibarra, Elias, Marias friends
Summary
Its picnic day and early in the morning they go on the lake using a boat ride headed
for the forest. Everyone is enjoying the fun and excitement. Maria is with her
friends Iday, Victorina, Sinang and Neneng. While they are waiting for the food to be
cooked, Maria Clara sings a patriotic melody. This stirs the emotions of everyone
there, but most especially kindles sadness in the hearts of Elias and Ibarra. Ibarra
remembers the pain of losing his father in ways more cruel than he could have
imagined, and Elias recalls his painful past. They tried to catch fishes in the lake but
not a single fish was caught. They said that the lake is not a good place for fishing
since some crocodiles just live nearby and frightened all the fish away. A crocodile
suddenly appears and Elias tried to get rid of it but when it nearly kills him,
Crisostomo jumps off the boat and takes on the monster, saving Elias's life. They
continued fishing and they caught a lot then went to the forest that Ibarra owns.

CHAPTER XXIV: In the woods

Setting
In the forest
Characters
Maria Clara, Crisostomo Ibarra, Elias, Marias friends, Friar Salvi, Sisa, Civil guards
Summary
Friar Salvi goes through the mass hurriedly in order to join in the picnic, as Ibarra
had invited him. When he arrives he secretly follows the ladies around as they look
for a certain bird's nest. He was so happy and plans to follow them but then he
proceeds to the picnic area where the fun is. Suddenly Sisa came, Ibarra offered her
food but Sisa hurriedly went away. In the middle of all the interesting amusement,
the civil guards arrive in search of Elias. Although they are unable to capture the
man and he is nowhere to be found, the ladies decided to go home.

CHAPTER XXV: In the Philosophers home

Setting
House of Philosopher Tacio
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Philosopher Tacio,
Summary
Ibarra visits the home of Philosopher Tacio that looks almost like a library with all his
many books and he saw him writing heirographics in Filipino. They talked about a
variety of things like language, history, geography, and nature. They also talk about
Elias and how the picnic went the day before. Ibarra learns that it was Dona
Consolacion, the "muse of the civil guards," who ordered Elias's arrest. Crisostomo
tells the old man the reason for his visit to ask for advice regarding his plans of
building a schoolhouse. Philosopher Tacio responds by telling Ibarra that he had
come to the wrong person; that he should rather consult Friar Salvi, the captain, and
all the other men in office. Asking for their advice, Philosopher Tacio does not
necessarily mean that Ibarra has to follow them, only that the latter must make it
seem like he has high regard for their opinion on the matter. Ibarra mentioned about
building a schoolhouse and he wants his advice, Philosopher Tacio was
overwhelmed and further advises him to keep his head down among the friars.

CHAPTER XXVI: The Eve of the Feast

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Nol Juan, Philosopher Tacio
Summary
On the 10th of November, the streets of San Diego are bedazzled with colorful
decorations, there are fireworks, majestic music played by the bands, and all the
kitchens are busy preparing for varieties of delicious foods. To the house of the rich,
the foods are all served including ham and duck, beers and wines from Europe.
During feast, all foods served are for everyone. In the town plaza, they fixed a stage
for the comedy show of Tondo. Crisostomo Ibarra is busy working out the plans for
the new schoolhouse. His architect, Nol Juan, observes the unique rafter that will be
used to put down the cornerstone. Then he explains the schoolhouse they are
building, one side for the boys and the other for the girls. In this project, a lot of rich
people offered help but rejected it since its not for the church. By this, Crisostomo
Ibarra becomes the role model of the children the person they would want to
become when they grow up. Ibarra confidently reports to Philosopher Tacio the
obvious success of his new project. The sage in return responds, "If you are greeted
with smiles, be more watchful of enemies hiding in the shadows.
CHAPTER XXVII: At Nightfall

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Maria Clara, Captain Tiago, Crisostomo Ibarra, leper, Sisa
Summary
Everyone was enjoying the feast and among all the people, Captain Tiagos banquet
is the most abundant and he did that on purpose because of Maria Clara and
Crisostomo Ibarras noble work. Ibarras name spread like wildfire and even got
praises in the newspapers around Manila. Maria asked permission from her father to
go out with her friend and Ibarra; he let her but advised her to come back before
supper because Friar Damaso will be joining them. Captain Tiago also invited Ibarra
but he reasoned out that they are waiting for guests in their home.
Maria and Ibarra went out with Iday and Victoria and at their back her Aunt Isabel.
Along the way they meet an old leper. Out of pity, Maria Clara gives to the leper her
scapular as a gift. Suddenly Sisa came and held the lepers arms, showed him the
lights in the church and told him that his son Basilio is there then pointed at the
light of the convent saying Crispin is there. Then she left singing, the leper also left
with his basket. To what Maria witnessed, she just whispered that there are really
unfortunate ones.

CHAPTER XXVIII: Letters

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Maria Clara
Summary
The newspapers in Manila describes about the feast happening at San Diego and no
any town can be compared to how grand and fanciful the feast. In the feast, they
wondered why Ibarra wasnt around. Rumors of him being sick made Maria Clara
worried so she writes a letter to Ibarra because she hasnt seen him. She stated that
shell pray and will light a candle for him for his recovery. She also asked if he can
visit her tomorrow.

CHAPTER XXIX: The Morning

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Philosopher Tacio, Lieutenant, Don Felipo, Maria, Ibarra, Captain Tiago, Spaniards,
townspeople
Summary
Early in the morning, the bands played music, the bells ring ad there are fireworks,
and the people woke up. They all put on their best dresses and embellished with
expensive jewelries except for Philosopher Tacio. The Lieutenant greeted him and he
answered that too much happiness is like throwing money. Don Felipo agreed to it
but cant do anything because its what the captain and the curate wants. The
people are excited to hear what Friar Damaso will talk in the mass.
8 in the morning, the procession started and can exactly determine whos poor and
rich by their clothes. The procession simultaneously began with fireworks and
church songs. The procession passed by the house of Captain Tiago where he is
there together with Maria, Ibarra and the other Spaniards. Friar Salve ignored the
people he knows and just put his head up.

CHAPTER XXX: In the Church

Setting
Church
Characters
Townspeople, Alferez, Civil guards, Friar Damaso, Sacristans
Summary
A huge number of people gathered in the church and everyone wants to touch the
holy water. The sermon is paid for P250 including the comedy show that will perform
for three nights. They feel okay to pay even its very expensive and the once who
will watch the comedy will go to hell while the ones who will listen to the sermon will
go to heaven. The Alferez is late, and the mass does not start until after he arrives.
When the Alferez came with his civil guards and some people thought hes wearing
like a comedian. Friar Damaso begins the mass and everyone puts their attention to
the mass and eagerly wants to listen.

CHAPTER XXXI: The Sermon

Setting
Church
Characters
Friar Damaso, Friars, church goers, Ibarra, Elias
Summary
Friar Damaso proves that he can deliver the sermon in both Spanish and Tagalog.
Friar Sibyla and Friar Martin are amazed to how he delivers the words. The sermon
has two parts: the first one is in Spanish, and the second in Tagalog. Friar Damaso
only prepares for the first part, which unfortunately also turns into a disaster when
he inserts cunning comments about Ibarra when he saw him seat in the corner. The
friar's dictator becomes lost in his reading, since there are no notes written there
regarding such hateful accusations against the youth. When time comes to start
the second part of the sermon, which is in Tagalog, Damaso does not conduct it very
well, thinking that none of the natives understand proper rhetoric. The friar
overhears a student in the crowd remark that the he is probably speaking Greek,
and Friar Damaso becomes furious. A lot became sleepy, Captain Tiago yawns and
Maria wasnt listening at all since shes busy looking at Ibarra where hes seated.
Friar Salvi signals Friar Damaso to end the sermon but he still continued it. Elias
approaches Ibarra right after the sermon ends and whispers, "During the blessing,
do not depart from where the curate (Friar Salvi) stands; do not descend down the
excavation; do not approach the cornerstone because it is a matter of life and
death." Elias left.
CHAPTER XXXII: The Hoist
Setting
Schoolhouse site
Characters
Nol Juan, Ibarra, yellowish man, Elias, Philosopher Tacio
Summary
Nol Juan praises the great workmanship done by the yellowish man on the pulley.
The yellowish man is most likely suffering from malaria, which was a common
disease during those days, or a disorder of the liver. When asked where he learned
such skills, the youth replies that he was taught by his father who learned it from a
Don Saturnino. The yellowish man's father was a worker of Don Saturnino,
Crisostomo's great-grandfather, who might have undergone great torture, suffering,
and forced labor while he was in service.
Elias, disguised as a local farmer, observes that the yellowish man is apparently
impatient and nervous as he grasps onto the rope of the pulley bearing the
cornerstone. Elias positions himself beside the yellow man in eagerness, and winks
at Ibarra to remind him of the warning he said earlier during the mass. Later when
Ibarra descends to the quarry, the beam of the pulley suddenly breaks, letting loose
the cornerstone which crushes the yellowish man to death, but leaves Ibarra
unharmed. Philosopher Tacio was among the ones who witnessed it and whispers
its a bad start.

CHAPTER XXXIII: Free Thinker

Setting
Ibarras home
Characters
Ibarra, Elias
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra went home to change his clothes. Elias arrived and told Ibarra
that he had just returned the favor for saving him before. Elias arrives. He goes on
to remind him not to hint to those people in power the warning that Elias gave him
earlier in the church. Elias explains that it would be better for Ibarra if his enemies
thought he wasn't ready. Ibarra is astonished and he had no idea he had enemies.
Actually Ibarras enemies are everywhere because of his ancestors and also
because of his plan in building the school. Elias doubted the yellow man because he
never asks any higher salary despite the incredible things he knows. Ibarra was
saddened because he might have a lot of things to do with his life because of his
skills. Ibarra tries to discover who Elias is, if he finished his schooling or what. But
Elias left since he knew that there will be a lot of people who wants to talk with him.
He told Ibarra that hell always be there since he has that debt of gratitude to him.

CHAPTER XXXIV: The Luncheon

Setting
Schoolhouse
Characters
Ibarra, alferez, Captain Tiago, Friar Damaso, Friar Salvi, Maria Clara
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra returns to the schoolhouse. The famous people in the town
gathers, Ibarra and the mayor are seated on either side of the long table at dinner.
Also in attendance are Captain Tiago, the alferez, and the town captain. Captain
Tiago receives a letter, informing him that the captain general will be visiting his
house. Tiago excuses himself right away. The guests notice that Friar Damaso is not
there. Talk eventually centers on the priest's sermon during the mass. Only Friar
Salvi remains silent and motionless in his seat. When Friar Damaso arrives, the
dinner is just about finished. The priest starts declaring insults with the intention of
enraging and provoking Ibarra, but the he remains prudent the entire time.
However, when Damaso starts mocking the name of Don Rafael, Ibarra loses his
calm and attacks the friar, holding a knife to his throat. Maria Clara stops Ibarra
before he could do further hurt the friar, causing Ibarra to drop the knife and leaves
the place.

CHAPTER XXXV: The Comment

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Townspeople, Don Felipo, Kapitana Maria
Summary
News spreads about Ibarra and Friar Damasos encounter. There are even rumors
claiming that the friar is already dead. There are those who praise Ibarra, like Don
Felipo and those who find mistake in Ibarra's lack of prudence. Most of the mothers
talk among themselves, assured that Ibarra's soul is surely condemned to burn in
hell after what he did to a man of God. There are other women, too, who are on his
side like Kapitana Maria who claims that if her two sons were in Ibarra's shoes, she
wouldn't be ashamed of it. According to her, it is a rare and honorable occurrence
when a son defends the name of his parents, even if they are already dead. Most of
the townspeople think that not only will Ibarra be excommunicated; he is also bound
to be considered a filibuster. Others said that the building of the school house will
be canceled since he is labeled as a filibuster by the Friar.

CHAPTER XXXVI: The First Cloud

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Captain Tiago, Friar Damaso, Captain General, Maria Clara, Aunt Isabel
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra is excommunicated, as punishment for his cruel and shameful
treatment of Friar Damaso. Maria Clara breaks down in tears, and Captain Tiago
visits her in the convent. Maria and Ibarra are not allowed to meet nor talk to each
other. There, Damaso makes clear to Tiago that the planned marriage between
Ibarra and Maria Clara is to be invalidated. According to Friar Damaso, Tiago will be
hanged and after his death his soul will go straight to hell. Friar Damaso wants
Maria to marry a Spaniard, a relative of his who will be visiting from Spain. Maria
cries and told Captain Tiago that changing a lover is not the same like changing
clothes.
Suddenly the captain general arrives at the house and everyone became hectic.
Aunt Isabel entered her room asking Maria who stays in solitude insider her room to
dress up because the captain general wants to talk with her.

CHAPTER XXXVII: His Excellency

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Captain Tiago, Captain General, Crisostomo Ibarra, Maria Clara, Sinang, youth
Summary
The first person the captain general wishes to see is Ibarra. However, since Ibarra is
still to be called upon, his Excellency instead addresses the matter of a youth who
had gone into a fistfight with Friar Damaso the day before, after he had insulted the
sermon. The Friars came and when the general asks where Friar Damaso is, he is
told that the friar is bedridden in the convent. His Excellency then speaks with Maria
Clara. He thanks her for having stopped Ibarra from killing the friar, and asks her to
name the reward she would wish to receive for such a noble act. Ibarra arrives
shortly, and discusses with the captain general. They exchange opinions and ideas,
and the general grows very fond of the youth. His Excellency promises to talk with
the Archbishop regarding Ibarra's case so that the latter's state of excommunication
may be lifted. He asks about Ibarra's marriage with Maria Clara, and offers to be
godfather during the wedding ceremony. Ibarra went to find Maria, he knocked in
her room but instead Sinang showed up then said hell just write his letters to her.
Ibarra was confused.

CHAPTER XXXVIII: The Procession

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Captain Tiago, Crisostomo Ibarra, Captain General, Maria Clara, Friar Salvi,
Philosopher Tacio
Summary
Another procession is held, where the town displays the images of St. John, St.
Francis, San Diego, and the Virgin. There are so many fireworks and looks like
everyone is carrying a lighted lantern. The captain walks together with the mayor,
Captain Tiago, and Crisostomo Ibarra. They watch the procession from the captain's
balcony. When the statue of the Virgin Mary passes by Tiago's house, Maria Clara
sings "Ave Maria" in a melody so sad that would cause one to ponder upon the
cause of such miserable. Friar Salvi stopped when he heard the beautiful voice of
Maria while Ibarra felt sad. Ibarra doesn't know that Captain Tiago had agreed to
Friar Damaso's move to nullify their planned marriage; Maria Clara on the other
hand, is not aware that Tiago consented to the captain general's request of being
godfather at the wedding. Philosopher Tacio sees the ragged and poor clothing of
the saints and sarcastically remarks that the saints would be ashamed if they would
see the lifestyle of their fellow servants of God. Captain General invited Ibarra to
join them later in dinner to discuss the loss of Crispin and Basilio.

CHAPTER XXXIX: Dona Consolacion

Setting
The Alferez house
Characters
Dona Consolacion, Sisa, Alferez, civil guards
Summary
In the house of the alferez, all the windows are closed even the procession passed
by their home. The Alferez wont allow his wife to attend mass because hes actually
ashamed to show off the vile and horrible image of his wife.
Sisa, who was taken into custody for creating social disturbance, has been in the
barracks for two days now. Sisa hears Maria Clara's mournful song, and sings a sad
ballad herself. The civil guards stay silent, listening. Dona Consolacion hears the
woman, and forces her to sing and dance for her own amusement. When Sisa wont
follow her orders, he would whip her and her thin clothes were torn. Dona
Consolacion feels happy to what shes doing since she passed her madness to her.
The alferez arrives shortly, and commands his servant to dress Sisa, feed her, give
her a suitable bed for the night, and then bring her to Ibarra the following day.
CHAPTER XL: Right and Might
Setting
Town Plaza
Characters
Don Felipo, Philosopher Tacio, Maria and friend, Ibarra, Friar Salve, Captain General,
the Alferez
Summary
At 10 oclock in the evening, the fireworks began. The townspeople were preparing
themselves for the play; Don Felipo was ruling over the show and was talking with
Philosopher Tacio over his resignation. However, the Mayor was unwilling to accept
it and would talk about it after the feast. When Maria Clara and her friends arrived,
they end their discussion as Don Felipo escorted the ladies to their seats. The curate
and some Spaniards followed them. When Ibarra arrived after the first scene, he
heard all the murmurs of people but never minded it. Father Salve immediately
ordered him to be sent out but Don Felipo reasoned that Ibarra is one of the
heaviest contributors of the play and has a right to be there as long as he doesnt
disturb the peace. And another reason is hes been in a long conversation with the
Captain General and the Alferez so theres nothing to worry about. The curate went
as far as threatening that if is not put out, they would leave. Don Felipo did not give
in still and so they were forced to leave.
Two civil guards came and asked Don Felipo to stop the show because the Alferez
and his wife cant sleep but he just ignored it. Later on the people there was a
commotion. It just stopped when Elias and Ibarra calmed the people down but the
newspaper writer wrote that it was Father Salvi who was responsible for calming the
mob. For which, the town would be forever thankful.

CHAPTER XLI: Two Visitors

Setting
Ibarra laboratory
Characters
Ibarra, Elias, Lucas
Summary
While Ibarra passes time in his laboratory, later on his servant came in and told him
he have a visitor, it was Elias with the news of Maria Clara's illness. The lady had
apparently caught fever. Ibarra asks Elias how he was able to stop the riot the night
before. Shortly after Elias leaves, Ibarra heads toward Captain Tiago's house to visit
Maria Clara. Along the way he comes across Lucas, the brother of the yellowish
man who had attempted to kill Ibarra, who asks him for money for his grieving
family. Ibarra, aggravated, tells the man to return in the afternoon. Lucas followed
Ibarra with his eyes and murmurs he really is an Ibarra like his ancestors who let his
family suffer but if Ibarra pays him a huge amount, theyll be friends.

CHAPTER XLII: The Espadana Couple

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Espadana couple, Maria, Linares, Friar Damaso
Summary
Captain Tiago requested for Don Tiburios services because Maria Clara is sick. Don
Tiburcio, a Spanish marine who ended up in the Philippines after being unable to
continue his duties due to an accident that rendered him a cripple. He and his wife
Dona Victorina arrive at Capitan Tiago's house together with a young Spanish
gentleman, Linares. Suddenly Friar Salve came and they introduced him to Linares.
While waiting for the coming of Friar Damaso, fake doctor Don Tiburcio gave Maria
medications. They introduce Linares to Maria and he was so struck by her beauty.
Friar Damaso came even though he just came from sick.

CHAPTER XLVIII: Plans

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Espadana Couple, Maria, Friar Damaso, Friar Salve, Lucas
Summary
After Don Tiburcio de Espadana checks on Maria Clara and gives her a prescription,
Friar Damaso arrives and talks with her, he breaks down in tears telling Maria wont
die. Maria was shocked to how the friar acted. He went to the balcony and cried like
a child, they said hes such a good godfather to Maria. The friar is introduced to
Linares, and summons up a plan to arrange the marriage to Maria Clara.
Meanwhile, Lucas is formulating a plan to harm Ibarra. Friar Salvi also has plans of
his own. Lucas greeted him and talked about his brothers death that Ibarra only
gave him P500. Friar Salvi was pissed off and said hes lucky Ibarra didnt put him to
jail.

CHAPTER XLIV: An Examination of Conscience

Setting
Marias room
Characters
Friar Salvi, Maria Clara, Dona Victorina
Summary
Friar Salvi is alone with Maria Clara for the confession. She just talked all about her
mother that she never even had a chance to see her mother since she died when it
gave birth to Maria. She begins to feel well after a few hours, and according to Dona
Victorina, it was all because of Don Tiburcio's skill and expertise. Friar Salvi, on the
other hand, says that it was because of her confession that made her well. When
the friar leaves Maria Clara's room, he appears rather pale and is covered in
perspiration knowing about Maria Claras true story of her birth, and the identity of
her biological father.
CHAPTER XLV: The Fugitives

Setting
Forest
Characters
Elias, Captain Pablo
Summary
Elias finally succeeded in locating Captain Pablo. Elias told him that he had spent
fifteen days looking for him from mountain to mountain and nearly travelled the
whole of two provinces. Before, Captain Pablo was the one who took care of Elias
out of pity when he saw him wandering around, now it seems that their situation
changed. Captain Pablo was then a rich man who belonged in a family of fame and
fortunate but when his daughter got raped by a friar, his family fight back but they
just been arrested and suffered. He was a coward but now he said that hell take
revenge.

CHAPTER XLVI: The Cockpit

Setting
Cockpit
Characters
Tarsilo, Bruno, Lucas, Pedro
Summary
Sunday came and everyone is in the cockpit. Tarsilo and Bruno who are brothers,
are among the audience. They wish to place their bets and join the fun, but they
have no money with them. Lucas approaches the two boys and offers cash,
reminding them of the revenge they have to exact upon those who caused the
death of their beloved father and inviting them to join him in a rebellion he is
planning to start. At first they refused but later on they see Lucas talking to Pedro,
wife of Sisa and the father of Basilio and Crispin. Pedro received silver coins from
Lucas. The brothers then decided to join and left after each getting thirty pesos from
Lucas and will give them additional 10 of every member they can recruit, they
agreed to meet at the cemetery at eight in the evening. Lucas told them that Ibarra
is the mastermind.
CHAPTER XLVII: Two Ladies

Setting
Alferez house
Characters
Dona Victorina, Dona Consolacion, Don Tiburcio, Alferez, Friar Salve
Summary
Dona Victorina keeps flashing her eccentric clothes on the streets even it wasnt
unpaved and dust all over her gown. Many young ladies they met admired her
beautiful gown. When she and Don Tiburcio pass by the house of the Alferez, Dona
Consolacion secretly mocks and ridicules her and her crippled husband. The two
women start exchanging insults and almost get into a fight that is avoided by the
arrival of the Alferez and Padre Salvi. To defend her honor, Dona Victorina asks
Linares to challenge the Alferez to a duel.

CHAPTER XLVIII: The Enigma

Setting
Schoolhouse
Characters
Crisostomo Ibarra, Elias, Nol Juan, Maria, Linares
Summary
The archbishop pardons to Ibarra and removes the penalty of excommunication.
Ibarra went to see Maria to tell her about it but he sees Maria Clara with Linares and
felt jealous. He proceeds to visit his schoolhouse, which is still under construction.
Nol Juan updates him on the recent progress of the building. Ibarra then spots Elias
helping out in the construction, and requests to see the full list of workers. When
Nol Juan left, he approached Elias. Elias asks if he could speak with him later in the
afternoon by the river and they agreed. He wants to talk to Ibarra regarding Captain
Pablo and the rest of the prosecuted men. Elias walks away, and Nol Juan
approaches Ibarra handing over to him the list of workers. Elias' name is not there.

CHAPTER XLIX: The Voice of the Persecuted

Setting
Riverside
Characters
Ibarra, Elias
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra goes to the riverside where he had agreed to meet with Elias.
Elias tells him of the purpose of the meeting to address the concerns and needs of
those who are hunted and persecuted. They demand respect for human rights, a
little more tranquility in the lives of the locals, and diminished power of the friars
and the civil guards. He asks Ibarra to find a way to diminish the power of the friars
and the civil guards but Ibarra refuses and says that the friars and the civil guards
are "necessary evils."

CHAPTER L: The Family of Elias

Setting
River
Characters
Elias, Ibarra
Summary
Elias narrates his story and the disastrous lives of his ancestors, upon Ibarra's
request. The story goes: Sixty years ago, Eliass great-grandfather dwelt in Manila
and worked as a bookkeeper for a Spanish businessman. One night, a fire broke out
in the workhouse and the cause was unknown, he was accused of arson and was
sentenced to be beaten in the streets, a punishment they call caballo y vaca,
which is a thousand times more dreadful than death itself. This left him crippled. In
order to provide for the family his wife, still with child, was forced to enter into
prostitution. One of their sons turned to thievery and lived the life of a bandit. Their
other son eventually married a rich woman, and together they had twins, Elias and
his sister, who were both educated in Manila. However, the family's dark past
surfaced eventually, and Elias and his sister lost all that they had. The girl suicide
and Elias was left alone to wander the streets as a hunted man.

CHAPTER LI: Exchanges

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Maria Clara, Linares, Dona Victorina, Ibarra, Sinang
Summary
Dona Victorina wrote a letter to Linares, who is currently still living in Captain
Tiago's house. She tells him that he have to duel with the alferez after three days. If
this plan does not push through, she says, she will tell Captain Tiago of his lies and
pretenses. Ibarra arrives and secretly asks Sinang to find a way for him to talk with
Maria Clara privately. He asked Sinang if Maria Clara is angry at him.
Friar Salvi tells Linares, Maria Clara, and Capitan Tiago that Ibarras
excommunication has been lifted, and the last obstacle is for Ibarra to apologize to
Friar Damaso.

CHAPTER LII: The Card of the Dead and the Shadows

Setting
Cemetery
Characters
Pedro, Tarsilo, Bruno, Elias, Lucas
Summary
The road to the cemetery is narrow; the moon is hiding behind dark clouds and it
was cold since its near December. Three men are talking. They are Pedro, Tarsilo,
and Bruno. Pedro will attack the convent to avenge his wife and sons; the two
brothers will head for the barracks to exact revenge upon the soldiers, who were
responsible for their father's death. A few minutes later, Lucas arrives and instructs
them to attack the barracks and the church. Elias, after spying on Lucas, finds out
about the plan that will incriminate Ibarra.

CHAPTER LIII: A Good day is foretold by the morning

Setting
Town of San Diego
Characters
Philosopher Tacio, Don Felipo
Summary
News spreads about the flickering lights and the moving shadows in the cemetery
and the people believe that it was the souls in purgatory mourning over their dead
that lighted the candles in the cemetery but there was only one light that night,
from the match that Elias used to see his companions. Philosopher Tacio, who is
bedridden at that time, converses with Don Felipo who has recently resigned from
office. He wishes the mayor to continue in his fight. They also talk about the issue
concerning the trouble with the civil guards, the friars, and Ibarra. After, Philosopher
Tacio predicts his death, which he says will come in a few days.

CHAPTER LIV: Discovery

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Alferez, Friar Salve, Ibarra, Elias
Summary
The angelus plays and people pause to pray but Friar Salve continued to walk
towards the house of the alferez. They talked about that he heard about the plan for
the rebellion and that the Alferez should prepare his men and requests from him
soldiers to guard the church.
Meanwhile, Elias rushes to Ibarra's house and explains that the plot had already
been discovered, and Ibarra was accused of leading the rebellion. Elias immediately
tells him to run and escape, but not before burning all the documents, letters, and
any evidence that would implicate him. In one of these letters, Elias discovers that it
was Ibarra's great grandfather who had accused his great grandfather of arson.
Elias lives for only one purpose: To find and exact vengeance on the descendants of
that cruel Spaniard who accused his great grandfather of a crime without any proof,
which had then been the cause of his family's disgrace. He now discovers that the
man he was searching for was just Crisostomo Ibarra.

CHAPTER LV: The Catastrophe

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Captain Tiago, Sinang, Maria Clara, Ibarra, Friar Salve
Summary
In Captain Tiagos house, they are taking their dinner including Friar Salve and
Linares. Sinang approached Maria Clara, who is seated by the piano and had
refused to eat and whispers something. Friar Salve is nervous pacing back and forth
across the living room.
Ibarra hears shots fired near the convent and he rushes toward Captain Tiago's
house; saw Maria Clara and she asked what the matter is. When Ibarra returns to his
house, the civil guards arrest him. Elias then enters the empty quarters and burns
all the evidence that could accuse Ibarra in the failed rebellion.

CHAPTER LVI: Fact and Fancy

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Friar Salvi, Alferez, Don Felipo, Civil guards, Lucas
Summary
The rebellion failed and they were finding the suspects responsible for it. They
suspect that the rebellion was headed by Captain Pablo. Rumor has it that Don
Felipo was arrested. Some say that the civil guards had revolted in the barracks,
and that Friar Salvi had attacked the alferez. Word spreads that Ibarra had burned
his entire house down and was plotting to kill Friar Salve. Lucas died from the
rebellion, was believed to be suicide but was killed by the head sacristan.

CHAPTER LVII: Woe to the Vanquished

Setting
Headquarters
Characters
Tarsilo, Andong, Friar Salvi
Summary
Tarsilo and Andong are the only two survivors caught from the rebellion. Friar Salvi
forced him to admit that Ibarra was the one behind the rebellion but he said nothing
but the reason why he joined was because he and his brother wants to avenge their
fathers death from the hands of the soldiers. They let him suffer hoping that hell
talk but they didnt get anything from him so he was whipped and later on died.
Andong got scared to what he saw so he said hell talk that the reason was he was
there because his in-laws treat him bad and let him eat rotten foods. Friar Salvi was
uninterested so he let him inside the quarters again.

CHAPTER LVIII: The Culprit

Setting
Headquarters
Characters
Ibarra, prisoners, families of the prisoners, Philosopher Tacio
Summary
The families of those caught during the rebellion break down in tears in front of the
headquarters. They ladies even tried to talk with the Alferez but didnt work. They
were all devastated. When the twenty prisoners are taken outside at two in the
afternoon, all of them are tied up except for Ibarra. From the crowd, a lady shouted
that why Ibarra not tied well in fact hes the mastermind and they blame him for the
dark fate of their loved ones in imprisonment. Ibarra was looking for a friend but not
even Nol Juan, the schoolteacher, or Captain Basilio is in sight. From a hilltop,
Philosopher Tacio watches the prisoners leave. He couldn't go to them because of
his ill health. The next day Philosopher Tacio is found dead.

CHAPTER LIX: Patriotism and Self-Interest

Setting
San Diego
Characters
Friar Salvi, Captain Tinong
Summary
The news about the rebellion was all over the town and Manila many organizations
celebrate Friar Salvi's successful discovery of the rebellion. The people in the
government and the church hope for a big promotion of their offices because of the
successful efforts to put a stop to the uprising. The friars blame it all on the Jesuits,
who they claim had messed with the minds of the youth.
Meanwhile in Captain Tinongs house, he and his wife were very much worried over
the turn of events. The two then kept on debating and arguing about whose fault is
it in befriending Captain Tiago and even talking to Ibarra. Don Primitivo came and
advised them to give the Captain-General a Christmas present and to burn all
documents that can use against him. Even the most innocent letter was not spared
from being destroyed.
CHAPTER LX: Wedding Plans for Maria Clara

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Captain Tiago, Captain Tinong, Espadana couple, Linares, Ibarra, Maria Clara
Summary
The suspects are all in jail but except for Captain Tiago whos very glad because no
one noticed him and wasnt accused. Captain Tinong is freed, but is terribly ill and
does not want to go out of the house. Not even Don Primitivo himself, with all the
wisdom of the ancients, could draw him out of his silence. The Espadana couple and
Linares arrive at Captain Tiago's house. They agree that Linares and Maria Clara
wed the soonest time possible, and Captain Tiago immediately attends to the
wedding preparations the following day.
Maria Clara goes to the azotea, Ibarra climbs up and tells the maiden how he feels
that she has betrayed her but when she explained that she gave the letters in
exchange of her mothers letters, he had already forgiven her. She swears to Ibarra
that shes only in love with him.

CHAPTER LXI: Pursuit in the Lake

Setting
Lake
Characters
Ibarra, Elias, Civil guards
Summary
Elias and Ibarra are in the lake. The civil guards chased them, Elias jumps off the
boat and mislead them He was shot and his garments are ripped off by the bullets
fired by the civil guards. He still has the nerve to shake hands with Ibarra, who is
lying flat on the boat, and to tell him that he (Elias) will meet Ibarra's great
grandfather in the grave at Noche Buena, before leaping into the water. The civil
guards thought they shot Ibarra when they saw traces of blood in the water.

CHAPTER LXII: Friar Damaso Explains

Setting
Captain Tiagos house
Characters
Maria Clara, Friar Damaso
Summary
News spread about the death of Ibarra when Maria knew about it, she was sad and
began weeping. Friar Damaso arrives and surprises Maria cheerfully but he notices,
however, that she is pale and upset. Maria Clara cries on his shoulders and asks him
to tell Captain Tiago cancel the wedding. She admits to him that he met Ibarra on
the azotea before his death, but didnt mention the part about knowing the true
story of her birth. She asks Friar Damaso to grant her permission to enter the
nunnery and he approved.

CHAPTER LXIII: Christmas Eve

Setting
Forest
Characters
Basilio, Sisa, Elias
Summary
It was Christmas Eve and Basilio returned to San Diego to look for his mother and
reunites with her. This search ends in the forest of the Ibarras where he found Sisa,
but the two of them didnt even get a chance to speak with each other. She dies
shortly after identifying her son. Minutes later, a weak and wounded Elias arrives
and orders Basilio to cremate his body and her mothers body. Basilio said, I shall
die without seeing the dawn break upon my motherland. You, who shall see it,
salute it! Do not forget those who have fallen during the night."