TUTORIAL 1

Design of Machine Elements

ME 351 (12/01/17)
NOTE: Step marks are given on the right side of each step. MM 28
Q 1.A ductile material has the properties S yt 420 MPa and S yc 525 MPa. Using the ductile
Coulomb-Mohr theory, determine the factor of safety for the state of plane stress:
x 168MPa, y 168 MPa, xy 105 MPa.
Sol. 1. With given state of stress, Principal stresses are: 1 0 , MPa, 2 63 MPa, 3 273
MPa. [3]
Thus, factor of safety n
1 1 3
n 1.92 2.0 . (See Eq. 5-26) [2]
n S yt S yc

Q 2.A steel shaft supported in bearings at A and B and carrying pulleys at C and D, is to transmit
100 hp at 500 rpm from the drive pulley D to the offtake pulley C as shown in Fig. 1. The
following numerical data are given: P1 2P2 , Q1 2Q2 ,
RD 0.15 m, RC 0.20 m, l 1.2 m, a 0.30 m. The shaft is
made of SAE 1010 steel (CD, Table A-20). To account for
uncertainties in design factor of safety 4 is assumed. Select
available diameter from Table A-17. Using this diameter find the
factor of safety built into the design.

Sol. 2. Torque required to transmit 100 hp at 500 rpm is

2nT
hp T 14320 kg-cm=14.32 N-m. (1hp =750 N-m/s=7500 kg-cm)
7500 60
Then since T P1 P2 RD we find, with the given data,
P1 2 P2 1909 kg=190.9N. Similarly, T Q1 Q2 RC , from which
Q1 2Q2 1432 kg= 143.2 N. [1]
Shaft undergoes bending both in the horizontal xz-plane and the vertical xy-plane. The
corresponding bending moment diagram are shown on
right:
We see here the maximum bending moment occurs either
at cross-section B or at cross-section C. The bending
moment at B is
M B P1 P2 a 85905 kg-cm.=85.905 N-m
At C, the bending moment in vertical plane is
Q Q2 l
M Cv 1 64440 kg-cm=64.440 N-m while
2 2
that in the horizontal plane is
P P2 l
M Ch 1 42953kg-cm.=42.953 N-m.
4 2
Vertical BM diagram and M Cv calculations: [2]
h
Horizontal BM diagram and M calculations:
C [3]

Adding these two bending moments vectorially we obtain M C M Ch M Cv
2 2
1
77445
2

kg-cm.=77.445 N-m. [2]

Clearly Torque is same at both cross-sections and M C M B :so element on the right side of the
shaft at B is the critical element.
S yc S yt
allow 150 / 4 37.5 MPa; Here S yc 150 MPa (Table A-20 for SAE 1010 steel
nd 2
(CD)). [1]+[1]
Use d 3
16
allow
2

M B T 2 : d 2.278 cm. [5]

From table A-17, d = 25 mm. [1]

allow
new 16

3 M B T 2 28387.045 kg/cm2 =28.38 MPa. Factor of safety built into design is
d
2

S sy
ndnew new 5.28 5.5 . [2]
allow

Q 3.A materials test is performed by pressurizing the chamber as shown

in Fig 2. The specimen is machined to have cross-sectional area A at the
ends and area kA in the test section ( 0 k 1 ). What is the stress state
in the test section when the pressure (above atmospheric) in the chamber
is p? Under atmospheric conditions, the material yields in simple tension
at Y 280 MN/m2. How large must be the pressure p be to produce
yielding? For this case, does it make any difference whether you use the
Mises or the maximum shear-stress criterion?

Sol. 3. Using equilibrium in x, y and z direction (see figure on right):

1 k
Fz 0 p A kA z kA 0 z p k ,
Fy 0 p Ay y Ay 0 y p ,
F x 0 p Ax x Ax 0 x p .
These stresses are principal stresses. [3]
Material has yield stress SY 280 MPa.
Mises criterion for principle axes:
1
2

x y 2 y z 2 z x 2 SY 2 p k SY .
2k 1
[1]
1
Max. shear-stress criterion: For k ; x y max , z min :
2
max min SY k
p ; same as Mises criteria. [1]
2 2 2k 1