Approximately What Percent of Interstitial Fluid Is Not Reabsorbed at The Venous End of The Capillary Bed

BIO/291
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II
The Latest Version A+ Study Guide
Entire Course Link

https://issuu.com/uoptutor4/docs/uoptutorial.docx
BIO/291 Week 1 Question 1
Which venous structure does not empty blood into the right atrium?
Coronary sinus
Inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
How many flaps are found on the atrioventricular valve that is located between the right
atrium and right ventricle?
2
What valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?
Aortic semilunar valve
Bicuspid valve
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Tricuspid valve
What structure carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Superior vena cava
What is the correct name for the heart valve that separates the left atrium from the left
ventricle?
Aortic semilunar valve
Bicuspid or mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary semilunar valve
What chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?

Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
What is the name of the innermost layer of the heart?
Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium
Pericardium
From which structure does the electric activity in the heart arise?
Atrioventricular (AV) node

Atrioventricular (AV) Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
Sinoatrial (SA) node
What ion enters the contractile cells during the plateau phase?
Calcium
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
What term is used to describe the maximum amount of blood that can be contained in the
ventricles?
End-diastolic volume
End-systolic volume
Isovolumetric volume
Stroke volume
Which of the following does not occur during ventricular systole?
Stimulated by action potential from the Purkinje fibers
Isovolumetric contraction occurs and AV valves open
Ventricular pressure rises and forces semilunar valves open
Volume of blood that remains in the ventricles is called the end-systolic volume
(ESV)
What portion of the conduction system can be found in the walls of the ventricles?
AV Bundle of His
Atrioventricular (AV) node

Purkinje fibers
Sinoatrial (SA) node
What molecule must be bound to hemoglobin in order for oxygen to bind?
Heme
Transferrin
Iron
Biliverdin
Neutrophils and basophils are formed from which of the following?
Lymphoid stem cells
Myeloid stem cells

Megakaryocytes
Platelets
All of the following can be classified as granulocytes except:
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
The three layers of both arteries and veins are:
Tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia
Pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater
Tunica media, tunica adventitia, and tunica externa

Tunica externa, tunica interna, tunica adventitia
Internal and external elastic laminae are found in:
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Venules
Valves are found in which of the following?
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Veins
When the diameter of the vascular lumen decreases in size, it is called:
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Vasoelongation
Vasoamplify
When the diameter of the vascular lumen increases in size, it is called:

Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Vasoelongation
Vasoamplify
Which layer is only found in capillaries?
Tunica externa
Tunica media
Tunica interna
Tunica adventitia
Which of the following vessels would have the highest blood pressure?
Elastic arteries
Arterioles
Venules
Large veins
Fenestrated capillaries:
Consist of a continuous endothelium and continuous basement membrane
Contain small pores in the endothelium
Contain large discontinuous pores in the endothelium and basement membrane
Do not exist
In which of the following would blood pressure be the lowest?

Elastic arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Vena cava
Which of the following statements correctly describes a capillary bed?
Blood pressure is lower at the arterial end than the venous end of the capillary bed
Reabsorption occurs at the arterial end and filtration occurs at the venous end
High blood pressure and filtration both occur at the venous end of the capillary bed
High blood pressure and filtration both occur at the arterial end of the capillary bed
Which of the following would occur if the pre-capillary sphincters in the metarterioles were
to all undergo vasoconstriction at the same time?
Blood pressure would dramatically increase

Heart rate and respiration would increase
Blood pressure would dramatically decrease
Blood volume would increase
Approximately what percent of interstitial fluid is not reabsorbed at the venous end of the
capillary bed?
5-10%
10-15%
20-25%
30-35%
What is the name of the structure that connects the arteriole and venule sides of a
capillary bed?
Arteriole
Metarteriole
Precapillary sphincter
Venule
What venous structure collects blood from the upper extremity and head?
Inferior vena cava
Ligamentum arteriosum
Superior vena cava
Vaso vasorum
Which of the following would cause vasodilation?
Decreased sympathetic stimulation

Increased sympathetic stimulation
Decreased parasympathetic stimulation
Increased parasympathetic stimulation
All of the following are correct functions of the lymphatic system except:
Fat/lipid transport
Fluid recovery
Immunity
Protein/carbohydrate transport
Which of the following is not found in lymph?

Interstitial fluid
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Erythrocytes
Lymphatic fluid from the left popliteal fossa would empty back into circulation through what
vessel?
Azygous vein
Right lymphatic duct
Superior vena cava
Thoracic duct
Lymphatic fluid from the right cubital fossa would empty back into circulation through what
vessel?
Azygous vein
Superior vena cava
Thoracic duct
What is the name given to the structure that transports lymphatic fluid away from a lymph node?
Afferent lymphatic capillary
Efferent lymphatic capillary
Continuous capillary
Aorta
What is the name lymphatic vessel that delivers the majority of lymphatic fluid back into
circulation?
Cisternae chyli
Left lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct

What non-specific defense increases resistance of cells to viral infection?
Antibodies
Complement system
Fever
Interferons

With regards to cell destruction and death, which of the following would form a membrane attack
complex causing cytolysis?
Antibodies
Complement system
Fever
Interferons
Which of the following uses perforin proteins to create a hole in the enemy cell membrane?
Antibodies
B-Cells
Interferons
NK-Cells
What term is used to describe the return of body temperature to a normal reading following a
fever?
Defervescence
Onset
Pyrogens
Stadiu
m
What is the name of the protein that is released from Natural Killer (NK) cells that causes
apoptosis (cell death)?
Antigens
Granzymes
Membrane attack complex
Percussins
What term correctly describes any molecule that can trigger an immune response?
Antibody
Antigen
Mast cell
Non-specific immunity
What is the name given to the type of immunity that you are born with?
Acquired immunity
Derived immunity
Innate immunity
What is the name given to the type of immunity that is acquired following exposure to a specific
antigens?
Acquired immunity
Derived immunity
Innate immunity
Which of the following is not a correct tonsil?
Lingual tonsil
Parotid tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Gas exchange between the alveoli and blood is called?

Environmental respiration
External/pulmonary respiration
Internal/ tissue respiration
Diffusion of gases
The vocal cords are found in which of the following structures?
Larynx
Nose
Oropharynx
Trachea

Which of the following structures prevents food from entering the trachea during
swallowing?
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Tonsils
The incomplete sections of the tracheal rings allow the esophagus to:
Expand into the trachea when swallowing a food bolus
Compress the trachea during vomiting
Close over the trachea, keeping food from entering the lungs
There are no incomplete sections of the tracheal rings

Because the right primary bronchus is slightly wider and has a steeper downward angle
than the left:
Respiratory infections are more frequent on the right side
Alveoli in the right lung are larger
Foreign bodies frequently lodge on the right side
Foreign bodies more frequently lodge on the left side
What structure is responsible for ?sweeping? mucus in the respiratory tract towards the
pharynx/mouth?
Cilia
Goblet cells
Microvilli
Surfactant
The grape-like sacs in the lungs where the majority of gas exchange occurs are called:
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Capillaries
What muscle functions mainly during forced expiration?

External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
What is the correct term used to describe the ease at which lungs can expand?
Atelectasis
Compliance
Edema
Surface tension

What Gas Law states that the total atmospheric pressure is the sum of the contributions of
the individual gases?
Boyle's Law
Charles' Law
Dalton's Law
Henry's Law
The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood is approximately:
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
95 -100 mm Hg
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood is approximately:
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
100 mm Hg
What enzyme is needed to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbonic acid?
Carbonic anhydrase
Carbamino anhydrase
Bicarbonate anydrase
Chloride anhydrase

During systemic gas exchange what ion is formed from the breakdown of H2CO3 and is
utilized by the circulatory system as a buffer?
HCO3
-
H2O
H+
CO
2
Lingual lipase, which is present in saliva, begins chemical digestion of what

macromolecule?
Carbohydrates
Fats/lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Which of the following is not a correct salivary gland?
Lingual
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
Which of the following statements regarding saliva is incorrect?
Produced by three glands - parotid, submandibular and sublingual
Begins protein and fat/lipid chemical digestion in the mouth
Contains a lysozyme that kills bacteria
Acts as a buffer for food contents due to high amounts of bicarbonate

Which of the following structures is essential in controlling glandular secretion along the
length of the digestive tract?
Pyloric Sphincter
Myenteric Plexus
Goblet Cells
Submucosal Plexus
Which of the following structures is essential in controlling the contraction of the

muscularis (externa) along the length of the digestive tract?
Pyloric Sphincter
Myenteric Plexus
Goblet Cells
Submucosal Plexus
What epithelial type can be found lining the stomach through the rectum?
Simple columnar
Stratified columnar
Stratified squamous
Transitional
Which of the following is not a correct component of the digestive system mucosa?
Simple columnar epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis (externa)
Muscularis mucosae
The parietal cells in the stomach are responsible for secreting which of the following?
Gastric amylase
Gastrin
Intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid
Pepsinogen
What molecule is needed to activate pepsinogen?
Gastric amylase
Gastrin
Hydrochloric acid(HCl)
Pepsinogen

Intrinsic factor is needed in order to absorb which of the following?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
What acid-resistant bacteria is the cause of most peptic ulcers?
Helicobacter pylori
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus pylori
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding a villus?

Lamina propria contains a lacteal and capillary bed
Contractions speed up during digestion
Covered by simple squamous epithelium
Intestinal glands/Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found between the villi
Which of the following enzymes would not digest proteins?
Carboxypeptidase
Pancreatic lipase
Pepsin
Trypsin
Accumulation of which of the following in blood will result in jaundice?

Bile pigments
Cholesterol
Lipase
Urea
The lining of the large intestine/colon primarily absorbs which of the following substances?
Proteins/peptides
Carbohydrates/starches
Water, vitamins and minerals
Fats and lipids
Which of the following is not a correct function of the urinary system?

Regulation of blood volume
Hormone production
Waste excretion
Maintenance of blood glucose levels
Which of the following substances is not produced in some manner by the kidneys?
Aldosterone
Calcitriol
Erythropoietin
Renin
The functional unit of the kidney is known as the:

Distal Convoluted Tubule
Nephron
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Afferent Arteriole
What blood vessel separates the cortex from the medulla?
Arcuate artery
Cortical radiate artery
Efferent arteriole
Interlobar vein

What is the name of the high-pressure vessel that feeds the glomerular capillaries?
Afferent arterioles
Efferent arterioles
Renal tubules
Peritubular capillaries
What substance is highly permeable as it passes through the ascending limb of the loop of
Henle?
Glucose
Sodium
Urea
Water

Which of the following would not be found within a renal corpuscle?
Bowman's capsule
Bowman's space
Glomerular capillaries
Loop of Henle/Renal loop
What type of nephron accounts for 15% of all nephrons and is responsible for producing
concentrated urine?
Cortical nephron
Juxtamedullary nephron
Proximal nephron
Transitional nephron
Which of the following would not affect the glomerular filtration rate?
Contraction/relaxation of mesangial cells
Scarring of the endothelial lining in the glomerular capillaries
Alteration in blood pressure
Secretion of anti-diuretic hormone
ADH acts primarily on what cell type?
Intercalated cells
Juxtaglomerular cells
Podocytes
Principal cells

What effect does aldosterone have on the principal cells with regard to potassium?
Stimulates potassium secretion
Decreases potassium secretion
No effect on potassium secretion
Stops potassium secretion
Which of the following is not a nitrogenous waste?
Carbohydrates
Creatinine
Urea
Uric acid

Which of the following is an abnormal characteristic of urine?
pH between 4.5 and 8.2
Osmolarity between 50-1,200 mOsm/L
Presence of urea
Hematuria
What structure in the kidney is responsible for monitoring blood pressure?
Proximal convoluted tubule
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Nephron
Glomerular capsule
What is the name of the muscle that is found in the urinary bladder?
Detrusor muscle
Muscularis externa
Muscularis mucosae
Urethral muscle
The gene that codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF) is found on which of the
following?
The X chromosome
Gonadal ridges
The fetal testes
The Y chromosome
What structure develops into the male reproductive system?
Mesonephric ducts
SRY gene
Paramesonephric ducts
Mullerian- inhibiting ducts
What is the name of the substance that is secreted by the testes that causes degeneration
of the paramesonephric ducts?
Testosterone
Mullerian-inhibiting factor
Mesonephric factor
Androgen-inhibiting factor
In males, what structure does the undifferentiated gonad form?
Ductus deferens
Urethra
Testes
Urinary bladder
What structure develops into the female reproductive system?

Mesonephric ducts
SRY gene
Paramesonephric ducts
Mullerian- inhibiting ducts
In females, what structure does the paramesonephric duct form?
Ovary
Urinary bladder
Uterine tube
Urethra

What is the name of the muscle in the spermatic cord that helps raise and lower the
placement of the testicle in response to temperature?
Cremaster muscle
Darto's muscle
Inguinal muscle
Spermatic muscle
The union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle creates which of the following?
Corpus cavernosum
Efferent ductules
Ejaculatory duct
Membranous urethra
What uterine structure helps "sweep" the released oocyte into the uterine tube?
External os
Fornix
Fimbria
Germinal epithelium
What hormone is produced by the Interstitial cells (of Leydig) found in the testes?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Luteinizing hormone
Testosterone
Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?
It compresses the urethra
Develops calcified deposits that block the urethra
It inhibits urine production
Produces thicker prostatic secretions
What is the name of the ligament that lies overtop of the uterus and is actually composed
of peritoneum?
Broad ligament
Ovarian ligament
Round ligament
Suspensory ligament
What layer of the uterus sloughs off each month during a female's reproductive cycle?
Stratum functionalis
Stratum basalis
Stratum corneum
Theca externa
What hormone functions to help with ovarian follicle development?

FSH
Testosterone
Relaxin
Inhibin
What hormone spikes just prior to ovulation?
FSH
LH
Progesterone
Prolactin

Approximately What Percent of Interstitial Fluid Is Not Reabsorbed at The Venous End of The Capillary Bed

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Approximately What Percent of Interstitial Fluid Is Not Reabsorbed at The Venous End of The Capillary Bed

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

BIO/291

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II

The Latest Version A+ Study Guide

Entire Course Link

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 1

Inferior vena cava

Superior vena cava

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 2

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 3

Aortic semilunar valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 4

Superior vena cava

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 5

Aortic semilunar valve

Bicuspid or mitral valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 6

What chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 7

What is the name of the innermost layer of the heart?

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 8

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Sinoatrial (SA) node

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 9

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 10

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 11

Which of the following does not occur during ventricular systole?

Stimulated by action potential from the Purkinje fibers

Isovolumetric contraction occurs and AV valves open

Ventricular pressure rises and forces semilunar valves open

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 12

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Sinoatrial (SA) node

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 13

What molecule must be bound to hemoglobin in order for oxygen to bind?

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 14

Neutrophils and basophils are formed from which of the following?

Lymphoid stem cells

Myeloid stem cells

BIO/291 Week 1 Question 15

All of the following can be classified as granulocytes except:

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 1

The three layers of both arteries and veins are:

Tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia

Pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater

Tunica media, tunica adventitia, and tunica externa

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 2

Internal and external elastic laminae are found in:

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 3

Valves are found in which of the following?

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 4

When the diameter of the vascular lumen decreases in size, it is called:

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 5

When the diameter of the vascular lumen increases in size, it is called:

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 6

Which layer is only found in capillaries?

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 7

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 8

Consist of a continuous endothelium and continuous basement membrane

Contain small pores in the endothelium

Contain large discontinuous pores in the endothelium and basement membrane

BIO/291 Week 2 Question 9