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2. Ionic interactions are stronger in water than in in energy when the atoms are moved away from
vacuum because water forms strong hydrogen each other). We can classify bonds into the following
bonds with polar molecules. categories, based on their dissociation energies:
True/False Strong: > 200 kJmol1
Medium: 20200 kJmol1
4. A by-product of forming a peptide bond from two
amino acids is water. Weak: 520 kJmol1
True/False Very weak: 05 kJmol1
6. Proteins fold with their hydrophobic amino acids on Consider the bonds highlighted in purple in the
the surface and their hydrophilic amino acids in the diagram below.
core. a. First consider the bonds in molecules isolated
True/False from all other molecules (in a vacuum). Classify each
of them into the four categories given above, based
8. The central dogma of molecular biology states that on your estimation of the bond strength.
RNA is translated from proteins. b. Which of these bonds could be broken readily by
True/False thermal fluctuations?
10. DNA primase synthesizes DNA molecules. c. Next, consider what happens when these
molecules are immersed in water (fully solvated).
True/False
For each bond, indicate whether it becomes weaker,
stronger, or stays the same in water.
Fill in the Blank
d. Which of these bonds could be broken readily by
12. The van der Waals attraction arises due to _______ Question 1.18
thermal fluctuations in water?
induced dipoles in atoms.
(i) (ii)
Answer: mutually P O
The Molecules of Life by John Kuriyan, Boyana Konforti, and David Wemmer Garland Science
2 Chapter 1: From Genes to RNA and Proteins
The Molecules of Life by John Kuriyan, Boyana Konforti, and David Wemmer Garland Science