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Capacitive load
Because piezoelectric speakers
mainly act as a capacitive load, the
complex impedance will decrease
with an increase of the frequency.
The capacitive reactance is an
asymptotic function.
The end amplifier can made
out of different amplifier Fundamental
topologies. Class AB, class D, acoustic mountings
Z = -j.X
Class G,.
Piezoceramic speakers produce
The combination and sound by the forward and
efficiency of the used DC-DC backward movement of a flat
converter and amplifier membrane.
topology will determine the
main power consumption During this movement the
membrane creates an air
Amplifier To avoid high voltage levels the
Bridge-Tied Load configuration
pressure wave in front and at
the backside of the membrane.
configurations is commonly used.
An audio signal of 60 volt peak- A forward movement will
The construction of a Piezo Audio to-peak (Vpp) can be created create a slight overpressure at
Amplifier (PAA) consists of two with a DC voltage of 30V. the frontside and a slight
basic electronic concepts. underpressure at the backside
Creating a voltage level of and vice versa. It is therefore
30Vdc instead of 60Vdc is important that the front and
easier done with a DC-DC backside are acoustically
DC-DC converter.
converter isolated from each other to
The piezoelectric speaker is avoid air pressure cancellation
between two amplifiers. The and consequently a serious
Amplifier Speaker left side will see a 30Vpp signal reduction of the sound output.
topology while on the right the same
signal of 30Vpp will appear
reversed (180phase shifted).
A DC-DC converter brings a lower With this technique the piezo
voltage to a higher level and speaker will see a total audio
creates the maximum voltage level signal of 60Vpp.
for the end amplifier. e.g. PAA-StepUpBTL-01
C9
COC9
PIC901 PIC902 15pF
PIC701
COC7 100nF/50V
PIR1601
COR16
PIR1602
R16
1M
housing, the front side is
VCC VCC VCC VCC acoustically isolated from the
GND
U1
backside.
COU1 U2
PIR902 OPA552 COU2
R9 OPA552
PIR1702
PIU107 PIU207
7
COR9 1M 8 8 R17
2 PIU108 PIU208 2
COR17 1M
PIR901 R13 R14
COP2 P2 C8 6 COR13 COR14 6
PIU102 PIU202
5
4
1
PIR10 2
100nF/50V COR18 R18
Signal Input PIC10 2
COC10 C10 COR10 R10 1M
X7R
not placed
1M COP3 P3 PIR1801
PIC10 1 PIR10 1 Speaker Output
Pink Noise: Piezoelectric audio speakers will have more power consumption in
1/f noise is a signal with a frequency the lower frequencies than electromagnetic speakers but have less
spectrum such that the power spectral power consumption in the higher frequencies.
density is inversely proportional to the The main power consumption will not come from the piezoelectric
frequency. In pink noise, each octave speaker but from the amplifier that is driving the speaker. The total
carries an equal amount of noise concept has to be seen. How more efficient the Piezo audio
power. There is equal energy in all amplifier is in combination with the piezoelectric speaker, how less
octaves ( or similar log bundles) the power consumption will be.
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Piezo Audio Amplifier ICs In this way the sound can go into the air true the
grid pattern. The acoustic waves created by the
With the benefits of piezoelectric speakers: front and the back side of the speaker are
- very flat separate from each other. Which is one of the
- small dimensions basic rules.
- low weight
- ..
=> MAX9788
=> MAX9738 Frequency Response graph
The amplification graph of a speaker is showed in
=> TPA2100P1 a logarithmic scale.
A theoretical ideal response graph for a speaker
=> LM4960 would be a flat line that covers the complete
=> LM4961 human audio frequency range from 20Hz to
=> LM4962 20kHz.
=> SN4915
=> AK7846
=> AK7845
When a pink noise with a certain Vrms is sent to a
speaker and the produced sound of the speaker
is recorded with a microphone, the amplification
Waterproof Speaker response of the speaker can be showed.