1

DISEO DE ESCALERA: (PRIMER PISO)

DATOS:
h= 2.70 m
Huella: 0.18 m
Contrahuella: 0.30 m
r = 2.5 cm

CALCULO DEL NUMERO DE GRADAS:

h
de gradas=
huella
2.7 0 m
de gradas=
0.18 m

de gradas=15

15 gradas = 0.18 m

MODELO MATEMTICO # 1:

CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE GRADA:

 2
r = 2.5 cm
L
L = 3.05 m h 1=
25

3.05 m
h 1=
25

h 1=0.12 m

L
h 2=
20

3.05 m
h 2=
20

h 2=0.15 m

h 1+h 2
h=
2

( 0.12+0.15 ) m
h=
2

h=0.14 m

MODELO MATEMTICO # 2:
 3

CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE GRADA:

r = 2.5 cm
L
L = 4.40 m h 1=
25

4.40 m
h 1=
25

h 1=0.18 m

L
h 2=
20

4.40 m
h 2=
20

h 2=0.22 m

h 1+h 2
h=
2

( 0.18+ 0.22 ) m
h=
2

h=0.20 m
 4
MODELO MATEMTICO # 3:

CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE GRADA:

r = 2.5 cm
L
L = 3.05 m h 1=
25

3.35 m
h 1=
25

h 1=0.13 m

L
h 2=
20

3.35 m
h 2=
20

h 2=0.17 m

h 1+h 2
h=
2

( 0.13+ 0.17 ) m
h=
2
 5
h=0.15 m

ESPESOR ASUMIDO: h= 0.20 m

DETERMINACIN DE CARGA MUERTA (CM):
PESO DE ESCALONES (cada/metro):3 escalones + 10 cm

0.18 Y
=
0.30 0.10

Y =0.06 m

Pesc=
[( 0.18 m0.30 m
2 )(
1 m3 +
0.06 m0.10 m
2 )]
1 m 2400 kg/m

Pesc=201.6 kg /m

PESO LOSA DE APOYO (cada/metro):

Pla=1 m0.20 m1m2400 kg/ m

Pla=480 kg /m

PESO ENLUCIDO:
Penl=1 m1m0.02 m1900 kg/m

Penl=38 kg /m

PESO ACABADOS: (GRANITO)

Longitud=[ ( 0.30 m3 ) +0.10 m+(0.18 m3)]

L=1.54 m

Pacab=1.54 m1m0.02m2600 kg/m

Pacab=80.08 kg /m
 6
PASAMANOS:
NEC 2015P = 15 kg/mh = 1m
PESO GRADA (cada/metro):

[(
Pgr= ( 201.6+480+ 38+80.8 )
kg
m 2 )
1.25 m +
15 kg
m ]
Pgr=1015.5 kg/ m(Carga Muerta)

DETERMINACIN DE CARGA VIVA (CV):

VIVIENDA MULTIFAMILIARNEC 2015CV = 300kg/m
CV =300 kg /m+Carga por Impacto(30 %CV )

[
CV = 300
kg
m
2 ( kg
)]
+30 300 2 1.25 m
m

CV =487.5 kg /m

CALCULO DE LA CARGA ULTIMA (qu):

qu=1.2CM + 1.6CV

qu=(1.21015.5 kg/m)+(1.6487.5 kg /m)

qu=1998.6 kg/m(Vertical)

0.18 m
tg=
0.30 m
 7
=30.96

1998.6 kg /m
qu=
cos

1998.6 kg /m
qu=
cos 30.96

qu=2330.66 kg/m( Perpendicular al Plano)

PESO DESCANSO:
PESO LOSA (cada/metro):
Pl=1m0.20 m1 m2400 kg /m

Pl=480 kg /m

PESO ENLUCIDO:
Penl=1 m1m0.02 m1900 kg/m

Penl=38 kg /m

PESO ACABADOS: (GRANITO)

Pacab=1 m1 m0.02 m2600 kg /m

Pacab=52 kg /m

PESO DESCANSO (cada/metro):

[(
Pdesc= ( 480+38+52 )
kg
m
2
1.25 m
)]
Pdesc=712.5 kg/m(Carga Muerta)

CALCULO DE LA CARGA ULTIMA (qu):

qu=1.2CM + 1.6CV

qu=(1.2712.5 kg/m)+(1.6487.5 kg /m)

 8
qu=1635 kg/m

MODELO MATEMTICO 1:
CALCULO DE REACCIONES Y MOMENTOS:

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS HORIZONTALES X:

FH =0

RH 2=0

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS VERTICALES Y:

FV =0

RV 1+ RV 2( 2330.661.80 )(16351.25)=0

RV 1+ RV 2=6238.94 kg Ec . 1

SUMATORIA DE MOMENTOS EN 1:
M 2=0

M 2+ ( 2330.661.801.80
2 )+(16351.25(1.80+ 1.252 ))3.05 RV 1=0
M 2+3.05 RV 1=8731.76 kg . m Ec . 2

CASO 1:
 9

CASO 2:

CASO 3:

RESOLUCIN DE ECUACIONES:
 10
[ ][
4956.091.25
3
[ 3775.771.8
3 ( 3
)]
1.25+ (1.8) +
4
3
4 (
(1.25) + 4956.091.8 1.25+
2)]
1.8

[
3.05 RV 1
2

RV 1=2855.52 kg

REEMPLAZAMOS RV1 EN Ec. 1 PARA HALLAR RV2:

RV 1+ RV 2=6238.94 kg Ec . 1

RV 2=6238.94 kg2855.52kg

RV 2=3383.42 kg

REEMPLAZAMOS RV2 EN Ec. 2 PARA HALLAR M2:

M 2+3.05 RV 1=8731.76 kg . m Ec . 2

M 2=8731.76 kg . m( 3.052855.52 ) kg . m

M 2=22.42 kg .m

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE (V) (kg):

Y =2855.52(16351.25)

Y =811.77 kg

3383.42 811.77
=
X 1.8 X
 11
X =1.45 m

DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS (M) (kg.m):

(3383.421.45)
Mmax=22.42
2

Mmax=2430.56 kg . m

ACERO DE REFUERZO:
h=20cm
r = 2.5 cm
d = 17.5cm
k =0,85f cbd

k =0,8524012517,5

k =446250

1 1
2 Mu
kd
k )
As 1=
fy

As 1 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*810.09*100
0,9* 446250 *17,5 )

As 1=1.23 cm
 12
As 2 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*2430.56*100
0,9* 446250 *17,5 )

As 2=3.74 cm

As 3 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*22.42*100
0,9* 446250 *17,5 )

As 3=0.034 cm

As 2 = 3.74 cm 4 12=4.52cm 1 12 @25 cm

As 1 = 1.23 cm 2 12=4.52 cm 1 12@ 25 cm

As 3 = 0.034 cm 12=4.52 cm 1 12@ 25 cm

14
pmin=
fy

14
pmin=
4200

pmin= 0.0033

Asmin = 0.0033 *125cm*17.5 cm

Asmin = 7.22 cm

As = 7.22 cm 5 14=7.70 cm 5 14 @20 cm

ACERO DE TEMPERATURA:
 13
ptem= 0.0018

Astem = 0.0018*125cm*17.5cm

Astem = 3.92 cm

Astem = 3.94 cm2 5 10=3.93 cm 1 10 @20 cm

MODELO MATEMTICO 2:
CALCULO DE REACCIONES Y MOMENTOS:

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS HORIZONTALES X:

FH =0

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS VERTICALES Y:

FV =0

RV 1+ RV 2( 16351.60 )( 2330.661.20 )(16351.60)=0

RV 1+ RV 2=8028.79 kg

RV 1=RV 2

RV 1+ RV 1=8028.79 kg

2 RV 1=8028.79 kg

RV 1=RV 2=4014.40 kg

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE (V) (kg):

 14

DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS (M) (kg.m):

(4014.402.20)
Mmax=
2

Mmax=4415.84 kg . m

ACERO DE REFUERZO:
k =0,85f cbd

k =0,8524012517,5

k =446250

1 1
2 Mu
kd
k )
As 1=
fy
 15
As1=
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*1471.95*100
0,9*446250*17,5 )

As 1=2.25 cm

As2=
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*4415.84*100
0,9*446250*17,5 )

As 2=6.90 cm

As3=
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*1471.95*100
0,9*446250*17,5 )

As 3=2.25 cm

Asmin = 0.0033 *100cm*17.5 cm

Asmin = 5.78 cm

As 2 = 6.90 cm 5 14=7.70cm 1 12 @20 cm

As 1 = 2.25 cm 5 14=7.70 cm 1 12 @20 cm

As 3 = 2.25 cm 5 14=7.70 cm 1 12@ 20 cm

 16
Asmin = 7.22 cm

As = 7.22 cm 5 14=7.70 cm 5 14 @20 cm

ACERO DE TEMPERATURA:

Astem = 3.94 cm 2 5 10=3.93 cm 1 10 @ 20 cm

MODELO MATEMTICO 3:
CALCULO DE REACCIONES Y MOMENTOS:

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS HORIZONTALES X:

FH =0

RH 1=0

SUMATORIA DE FUERZAS VERTICALES Y:

FV =0

RV 1+ RV 2( 2330.662.1 )(16351.25)=0

RV 1+ RV 2=6938.14 kg Ec . 1

SUMATORIA DE MOMENTOS EN 1:
M 1=0

M 1 ( 2330.662.12.1
2 ) (16351.25(2.1+
1.25
2 ))
+ 3.35 RV 2=0

M 1+3.35 RV 2=10708.32 kg . m Ec . 2

CASO 1:
 17

CASO 2:

CASO 3:

RESOLUCIN DE ECUACIONES:

[ ][
5569.221.25
3
[ 5139.112.1
3 ( 3
)]
1.25+ (2.1) +
4
3
4 (
(1.25) + 5569.222.1 1.25+
2)]
2.1

[
3.35 RV 23
2

RV 2=3130.94 kg
 18
REEMPLAZAMOS RV2 EN Ec. 1 PARA HALLAR RV1:
RV 1+ RV 2=6938.14 kg Ec . 1

RV 1=6938.14 kg3130.94 kg

RV 1=3807.20 kg

REEMPLAZAMOS RV2 EN Ec. 2 PARA HALLAR M1:

M 1+3.35 RV 2=10708.32 kg . m Ec . 2

M 1=10708.32kg . m( 3130.943.35 ) kg . m

M 1=219.67 kg . m

DIAGRAMA DE CORTE (V) (kg):

Y =3808.20(2330.662.1)

Y =1087.19 kg

3807.20 1087.19
=
X 2.1X
 19
X =1.63 m

DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS (M) (kg.m):

(3807.201.63)
Mmax=219.67
2

Mmax=2883.20 kg . m

ACERO DE REFUERZO:
k =0,85f cbd

k =0,8524012517,5

k =44 6250

1 1
2 Mu
kd
k )
As 1=
fy

As1 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*219.67*100
0,9* 446250 *17,5 )

As 1=0.33 cm

As 2 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*2883.20*100
0,9* 446250 *17,5 )

As 2=4.45 cm
 20

As 3 =
446250
4200
*(1- 1-
2*961.07*100
0,9* 446250*17,5 )

As 3=1.46 cm

Asmin = 5.78 cm

As 2 = 4.45 cm 4 12=4.52 cm 1 12@ 25 cm

As 1 = 0.33 cm 4 12=4.52cm 1 12 @25 cm

As 3 = 1.46 cm 4 12=4.52 cm 1 12 @25 cm

Asmin = 7.22 cm

As = 7.22 cm 5 14=7.70 cm 5 14 @20 cm

ACERO DE TEMPERATURA:
2
Astem = 3.94 cm 5 10=3.93 cm 1 10 @ 20 cm

DISEO DE ESCALERA: (2,3,4,5,6 PISO)

DATOS:
h= 2.90 m
Huella: 0.15 m
Contrahuella: 0.30 m
r = 2.5 cm
 21
CALCULO DEL NUMERO DE GRADAS:
h
de gradas=
huella
2.90 m
de gradas=
0.15 m

de gradas=19

16 gradas = 0.15
m
2 gradas = 0.17
m