Unit 4: Class Test

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10 A photon of visible light is incident on a stationary hydrogen atom. A photon returns in
the opposite direction with the same wavelength when measured to 2 significant figures.
The hydrogen atom moves with a velocity v as shown in the diagram.
mass of hydrogen atom 1.67 1027 kg

%()OR(

incident photon stationary

640 nm hydrogen atom

A)T(R

returning photon
640 nm velocity v

(a) Use the principle of conservation of momentum and the equation  KSto calculate
the speed of the hydrogen atom after the interaction with the photon.
(4)

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Speed ..............................................

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 (b) The data given in this interaction is inconsistent with another conservation law.
(xplain this inconsistency and describe the effect of recording the wavelengths of the
photons to more significant figures.
(4)

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(Total for Question 10 = 8 marks)

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11 Two small point charges are separated by a short distance as shown in the diagram.
+4.0 1013 C

0.33 m

0.50 m 49
A 49 B horizontal axis

0.33 m

+4.0 1013 C

(a) Calculate the resultant electric field strength at B, a distance of 0.33 m from each
charge.
(4)

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Resultant electric field strength ..............................................

(b) The graph shows how the resultant electric field strength ER varies with distance
along the horizontal axis from point A. A maximum occurs at point C.

ER

A C distance along
axis from A

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 (xplain why ER is zero at A and decreases with distance at large distances from A.
(2)

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(c) The electric field strength at C is 0.044 N C1.

A positive ion enters the electric field travelling along the axis towards the right. The
ion has a speed of 1500 m s1 at point A.
(i) Calculate the maximum acceleration of the ion as it passes through the field.

mass of ion 6.6 1027 kg

charge on ion 3.2 1019 C
(3)

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0aximum acceleration ..............................................

(ii) Sketch a graph to show how the speed of the ion varies as it travels along the axis
from A until it is well beyond C. Mark positions A and C on the graph.
(3)

speed

distance along
axis from A

(Total for Question 11 = 12 marks)

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12 (a) A student holds a piece of string with a small spherical mass attached to the other
end. She rotates the mass at a constant angular velocity, in a horizontal circular path
which is below her hand.

string

mass

horizontal
circular path

(xplain why it is not possible for the student to rotate the mass so that the string is
horizontal.
(2)

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(b) The student now rotates the mass in a vertical plane as shown in the diagram.

mass

string

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 (i) The string has a length of 25.0 cm and is attached to a mass of 204 g. It is rotated
in a vertical circle with the string remaining taut at all times. When the mass is at
the top of the circle it is moving with an angular velocity of 9.90 rad s1.
Calculate the tension in the string at this position.
(4)

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Tension ..............................................

(ii) As the mass completes one circuit of the vertical circle, its position can be
identified by the angle it has moved through (its angular displacement). One
complete revolution means that the mass has moved through an angle of 360.
On the axes below sketch a graph of how the tension in the string varies as it
completes a full circle starting from A.
(4)
tension

0
0 90 180 270 360 angular displacement /

(Total for Question 12 = 10 marks)

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14 An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 3000 V.
Calculate the de Broglie wavelength associated with this electron.
(4)

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Wavelength = ..............................................

(Total for Question 14 = 4 marks)

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15 When an object moves in a circular path at constant speed, a resultant force is required.
(a) State why a resultant force is required and the direction of this force.
(2)

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(b) When an aeroplane is flying there is an upward force called lift which acts at right
angles to the wings. When the aeroplane is flying in a straight line, the lift force is
equal to the weight of the aeroplane.
The diagram shows an aeroplane that is moving in a horizontal circle at constant
speed.
L

*(i) Explain, in terms of forces, why the aeroplane is able to fly in a circular path.
(2)

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 (ii) The aeroplane has a mass of 2.4 106 kg and is flying in a horizontal circle at a
speed of 85 m s1 when is 25.
By considering both the horizontal and vertical motion, calculate the radius of the
circular path of the aeroplane.
(4)

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Radius = ..............................................

(Total for Question 15 = 8 marks)

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13 (a) State the principle of conservation of momentum.
(2)

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(b) State the relationship between the resultant force acting on an object and the
momentum of the object.
(1)

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 (c) A car is travelling due east with a velocity of 12 m s1. The driver of the car changes
direction to travel due north with a velocity of 15 m s1.
(i) The initial velocity is shown in the diagram.
Complete the vector diagram to represent the change in velocity. You do not need
to draw it exactly to scale.
(2)

12 m s1

(ii) Determine the change in velocity of the car.

(3)

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Magnitude of change of velocity = ..............................................

Direction of change of velocity = ..............................................

(iii) The mass of the car is 1500 kg and the change in velocity took 4.0 s.
Calculate the average force that was needed.
(2)

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Force = ..............................................

(Total for Question 13 = 10 marks)

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