CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS apart.

First is the reaction of cyclohexanone and 3-

pentanone with sodium bisulfite test. Cyclohexanone
On this experiment, several oxidation reaction tests will react since carbon of carbonyl in the
and reactions of carbonyl group and alkyl group test cyclohexanone is not sterically hindered due to its
were used to classify carbonyl compounds specifically cyclic constitution.
aldehydes and ketones. These test are Benedicts
test, Tollens test, Condensation reaction, Addition The presence of a halogen in the Tollens test will give
reaction and Haloform reaction. false positive results because silver halides are not
soluble. This means that the precipitate is due to
Benedicts test is the first test conducted under the silver halide not the required deposited silver.
oxidation reactions. The test failed because no
precipitate was formed in the test compounds. Benedicts test and Tollens test will be applicable to
Theoretically, a red, yellow, or yellowish green distinguish pentanal from 3-pentanone. Pentanal will
precipitate will be the indication for the presence of produce positive results using both tests. Brick-red
aldehyde. Next test will be Tollens test. Acetaldehyde, precipitate will formed for Benedicts test and silver
acetone and benzaldehyde became clear or yellowish mirror for Tollens test.
in color. Acetophenone produced a brownish solution
2-pentanone can be distinguished from 3-pentanone
due to excessive heating in which the compound was
using iodoform test. 2-pentanone will produce a
already decomposed. This test is also a fail since no
positive result because of the methyl group attached
silver precipitate was formed.
to the carbonyl carbon, while the other will not.
Next test will be reactions of carbonyl group which are
the condensation and addition reaction. The The objectives of this experiment were accomplished
condensation reaction used 2,4- which were to identify tests that may be used to
dinitrophenylhydrazine to determine the carbonyl classify aldehydes and ketones, to explain the
group in an organic compound. Acetaldehyde and chemical basis of each test used to classify them and
acetone both produced an orange precipitate which to classify an unknown organic compound as either
indicates that both compounds reacted to the an aldehyde or a ketone.
hydrazine group and the condensation product will be
the precipitate. It can be recommended that reactions can be
performed only if the reagents used are free from any
The addition reaction uses sodium bisulfite test to
contaminations. These can be done by performing the
determine the presence of the carbonyl group. White
experiment under the fume hood and avoiding
precipitate will be the indication for the positive result
exposure to air. Also, asking the laboratory assistant if
in this reaction. No color change in the compound
the reagents can be possibly contaminated will be of
was observed, meaning, the test is a fail. This may be
help. Inaccurate and erroneous results may arise if
due to the possibility of contaminations in the
the reagents used will be contaminated.
reagents used.
The last test will be the reactions of alkyl group which
is the iodoform test. The indication for the positive
result in this is a pale yellow solution (iodoform
precipitate). Both acetaldehyde and acetone became
pale yellow in color which means that the test is a
success.
To further assess these tests, several compounds
were given and these tests were to distinguish them