Chemistry Lab Report

Experiment (1): The Density of Materials

Aim: To determine the density of a liquid and an irregular solid.

Introduction: Density in simple terms is the measure of how

much something weighs compared to its size. More precisely, it is the
mass of an item divided by its volume. The principle of density was
discovered by the Greek scientist Archimedes.

3- Apparatus and Chemical:

Graduated Cylinder, Dropping Bottle, Dropper,

Apparatus
Balance.
Chemical Isopropyl alcohol, water, Lead.

4- Results and Calculations:

A- The Density of Liquid (Isopropyl alcohol):

Cylinder +
Isopropyl
Cylinder Isopropyl
Trial alcohol Volume Density
Mass alcohol
Mass
Mass
1 43.155 g 47.072 g 3.92 g 5.00 ml 0.784 g/ml
2 43.155 g 47.845 g 4.690 g 6.00 ml 0.782 g/ml
3 43.155 g 48.641 g 5.486 g 7.00 ml 0.784 g/ml
Isopropyl alcohol Mass = ( Cylinder + Isopropyl alcohol
Mass) - Cylinder Mass Average
Density = (Isopropyl alcohol Mass / Volume ) 0.783 g/ml
density
Average density = ( Trial 1 density + 2 + 3 ) / 3
Percent
Percent error = |(Measured Value Accepted Value) 0.89 %
error
/Accepted Value| = |(0.783 0.79) / 0.79| = 0.89 %

(1)
 B- The Density of Irregular Shaped Solids (Lead):

Initial Initial Final Final

Volume Mass Volume Mass
Lead Lead
Trial Before Before After After Density
Mass Volume
Lead Lead Lead Lead
Added Added Added Added
1 3.000 ml 46.106 g 4.000 ml 55.553 g 9.477 g 1.000 ml 9.45 g/ml
2 3.000 ml 46.106 g 5.000 ml 69.925 g 23.82 g 2.000 ml 11.91 g/ml
3 3.000 ml 46.106 g 6.000 ml 76.997 g 30.89 g 3.000 ml 10.30 g/ml
Lead Mass = Final Mass After Lead Added - Initial Mass Before
Lead Added ; Lead Volume = Final Volume After Lead Added - Average
10.55 g/ml
Initial Volume Before ; Density = ( Lead Mass / Lead Volume ) density
Average density = ( Trial 1 density + 2 + 3 ) / 3
Percent
Percent error = |(Measured Value Accepted Value) /Accepted 6.64 %
error
Value| = |(10.55 11.3) / 11.3| = 6.64 %

5- Conclusion and Discussion: In this experiment we learn

how to calculate the density by using simple why. But, in fact we
discovered that our results have a percent error, and its calculate by
this law:
Percent error = |(Measured Value Accepted Value) /Accepted Value|
And we learn that we can calculate a mass or volume for Materials by
using the law of density : Density = ( Mass / Volume ).

6- Questions:

A- What is the density of lead and Isopropyl alcohol in g/L?

Density of Isopropyl alcohol in g/L = 0.79 / 1000 = 7.9*10 -4
Density of Lead in g/L = 11.3 / 1000 = 0.0113 = 11.3*10-3
B- What is the volume of 10g of glycerin?
Density = ( Mass / Volume )
Volume = ( Mass / Density ) = ( 10 / 1.26 ) = 7.9 cm3
C- What is the mass of lead that should be added to increase
the volume of water in the graduated cylinder by 7 ml?
Density = ( Mass / Volume )
Mass = ( Density ) ( Volume ) = ( 11.3 ) ( 7 ) = 79.1 g

(2)