LONG RANGE

DACON INSPECTION SERVICES

ULTRASONICS
LRUT
LONG RANGE UT

Long Range UT:

Waves are sent along the pipe

10s of meters of pipe are examined form one location

Difficult to inspect areas
Road crossings
Insulated piping
Etc.

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Capabilities:

Can be performed at elevated temperatures without taking the pipe

out of service

100 % of pipe is inspected (within the diagnostic length of a test)

Pulse echo type operation provides information on feature position and

approximate size

Sophisticated analysis aids the

interpretation of results.

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Target applications:

Rapid , full coverage screening of pipes

Especially cost effective in difficult to access locations:

Sleeved road crossings
River crossing
Corrosion under insulation
Wall penetrations
Pipe racks
Jetty lines
Offshore risers (including splash zone and underwater section)

Can detect cracks and general metal loss (greater than 5% of the
cross sectional area

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Pre inspection set up:

A ring of transducer is placed around the pipe

No couplant required

Usually no surface preparation required.

Slight cleaning
Removal of flaking paint/scale

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Probe collars

Tested using inflatable probe ring

Air connection connected to equipment, auto inflated.

Diameters 1.5-48 inch

6 inch clearance needed around pipe

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How it works

Guide waves are sent in both directions

Defects, welds and pipe features reflect back signals

Reflections are analyzed

Data is verified

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Equipment

Teletest Focus Plant integrity M3/M4

Integrated air pump

Min thickness 3 mm

Max thickness 40 mm
Temperature between 0 and 100 Degrees (up to 125 degrees in some
cases)

Frequency 10-100 KHz

Carbon steel, alloy Steel, Stainless steel

Torsional, longitudinal and Flexural waves

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Example signal

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Backward Position of Ring Forward

Iconic representation
Series of Welds
of identified features

Decay Curves
Corrosion is indicated
by large red component
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The symmetric nature of a defect can help classify it

More serious Less serious

When the Amplitude Ratio
1 When the
feature does not feature extends
extend very far significantly
around the around the
circumference, circumference,
0
0% 50% 100%
RED = BLACK RED <<
Circumferential Extent (percent)
BLACK

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The symmetric nature of a defect can help classify it

1.2
-F1 A typical weld is
1.0
completely
Amp (mV)

0.8

0.6 symmetric and

0.4
shows up as only a
0.2

0.0
black curve
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Distance (m)

A typical corrosion 4.0

-F2

patch is non- 3.0

Amp (mV)

symmetric and is 2.0

identified by the 1.0

presence of a red 0.0

4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
curve Distance (m)

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Clean pipe going through sleeve with no corrosion.

2.5 -F6 -F5 -F4

-F3 -F2 -F1 +F1 +F2 +F3

2.0
Amp (mV)

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
-20 0 20
bend Distance (m)

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Example 1 Pipe going through earth wall

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Corrosion at entrance to sleeved road crossing

1.0 -F4 -F3 -F2 -F1 +F1 +F2 +F3+F4

0.8
Amp (mV)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0
-30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0
Distance (m)

Corrosion

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Example 2 Pipes crossing through concrete wall:

10 inch pipe
under test
8 inch pipe
under test

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Result from clean pipe 8 inch

-F2 -F1 +F1+F2 +F3 +F4 +F5

1.5
Amp (mV)

1.0

0.5

0.0
-10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0
Distance (m)

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 LONG RANGE UT

Result from corroded pipe 10 inch

2.0
-F

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
-20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0
Distance (m)

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Area Inspected
Example 3 Testing of overhead 2 inch pipe.

-F4 -F3-F2 -F1 +F1 +F2 +F3 +F4

1.5
Amp (mV)

1.0

0.5
Ring
0.0
-20 0 20
Distance (m)

Higher general corrosion

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Factor affecting the results

General condition of the pipe.

12.0

10.0

8.0
Amp (mV)

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0
Distance (m)

Generally Corroded Pipe

Clean Pipe

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Factor affecting the results

Bitumen wrapping.

8.0 -F3 -F2 -F1 +F1 +F2

6.0
Amp (mV)

4.0

2.0

0.0
-20 0 20
Distance (m)

Exposed side shows

little attenuation Strong attenuation is caused
by bitumen wrapping

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 LONG RANGE UT

Typical range

Ideal conditions
80 m
Typical 30 year old pipe with little
internal or external corrosion
40 m

Typical 30 year old pipe with some

general corrosion
20 m
Typical wrapped pipe in factory
applied foam
15 m
Heavily corroded pipe or pipe that is
bitumen coated
5m

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Effect of pipe features on signal

Typically 6 welds can be passed

At flange signal stops

Typically 2 bends can be passed
No signal in the bend until after distance of 2D

Typically signal attenuated after second branch

Limitation on applications:

Cyrogenic lines cannot be inspected

Lines with fillet welds cannot be inspected

Miter bends cannot be inspected.

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How to efficiently use LRUT

Best used as screening technique

Part of a more comprehensive testing strategy

Good at quickly determining which out a series of road crossing is

heavily corroded

Good at quickly locating areas of concern (corroded areas)

Not so suitable to determine remaining wall thickness

Estimation only
Need verification

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End of
Subject

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